COLUMN DESIGN

ECP203, ACI318,BS8110
 DESIGN COLUMNS

ACCORDING E.C.P203 ACI BS8110

FIND THE ULTIMATE LOAD Nu AND Mu FOR THE FOLLOWING COLUMN

ACCORDING E.C.P, ACI, BS8110

• AS SHORT COLUMN
• DRAW INTERACTION DIAGRAM ACCORDING E.C.P , ACI AND BS8110
• LONG COLUMN AND BUCKLING EFFECTS

MAX LOAD AS SHORT COLUMN

E.C.P 203
Pu=0.35Fcu(Ac-As)+0.67FyAs

Pu=0.35*25*(250X500-1206) +0.67*400*1206= 1404.6 KN

ACI

=0.8*.65(0.85*20(250X500-1206)+400X1206)=1345.18 KN

BS8110
Pu=0.40Fcu (Ac-As) +0.75FyAs

Pu=0.40*25*(250X500-1206) +0.75*400*1206= 1599.74 KN

‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﻧﺳﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ اﻛﺛر ﺗﺣﻔظﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري و اﻟﻛود اﻟﺑرﯾطﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﯾث ان اﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻻﻣن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ ﯾﻛون اﻣن‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري و ھذا ﻻ ﯾﺣدث ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛود اﻟﺑرﯾطﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﯾث ان اﻟﻛود اﻟﺑرﯾطﺎﻧﻲ اﻗل ﺣرﺻﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري‬

‫ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﻣﺛﺎل اﻟﺳﺎﺑق ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﯾﺗﺎﺑس و ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬

۱
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ‫ﯾﺗم ﺗﻌرﯾف ﻗطﺎع اﻟﻌﻣود ﺑﺎرﺗﻔﺎع ‪ ۱۰۰‬ﻣم ﺣﺗﻲ ﻧﺗﻔﺎدي اي ﺗﺄﺛﯾر ‪BUCKLING‬‬
‫ﯾﺗم ﺗوﺻﯾف اﻟﺣﻣل ﻋﺑﺎرة ﻋن ﻧﺻف اﻟﺣﻣل اﻻﻗﺻﻲ ﻟﻠﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ‪P=702.3‬‬

‫‪ACI‬‬

‫‪۲‬‬
‫‪Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy‬‬
Pu=703.2/.544=1292.64 KN

BS8110
ETABS Concrete Frame Design
BS 8110-97 Column Section Design

Column Element Details

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
Story1 C1 1 COLUMN-FCU Comb1 0 100 1

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
250 500 58 30

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fcu (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fyv (MPa)
24855.58 25 1 400 400

Design Code Parameters

Ec (MPa) fcu (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless)
24855.58 25 1

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For N , M2 , M3

Design N Design M2 Design M3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar % Capacity Ratio
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m % Unitless
703.2 8.79 0 8.79 14.064 0.97 0.441

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Mi Moment Madd Moment β Factor Length
kN-m kN-m Unitless mm
Major Bend(M3) 0 0.007 1 100
Minor Bend(M2) 0 0.0141 1 100

Shear Design for V2 , V3

Shear V Shear Vc / ɣM Shear Vs / ɣM Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN mm²/m
Major, V2 0 208.3158 44.2002 287.5
Minor, V3 0 218.6394 38.4004 575

۳
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Pu=703.2/0.441=1594.55 KN
E.C.P203 ACI BS8110
MANUAL CALCULATION 1404.6 KN 1345.18 KN 1599.74 KN
ETABS --------- 1292.64 KN 1594.55 KN

DRAW INTERACTION DIAGRAM

1- ACCORDING E.C.P203

POINT 1
Pu=0.67*25/1.75*(250X500-6*201)+400/1.34*1206= 1544.8 KN

٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
POINT 2
Pu=0.35*25*(250X500-1206)+.67*400*1206=1406.4 KN

POINT 3
BALANCED POINT

Cb=600/(400/1.15+600)*460=291.8

ab=.8*291.8=232.944
Pb=2/3*25/1.5*232.944*250=647 KN
Mb=647(250-232.944/2)+603*400/1.15(250-40)+603*400(250-40)=174.5 KN.m

POINT 4
Pu=0.0

C=T
0.67*25/1.5*a*250=603*400/1.15 a=75.13

٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
C=93.913
M=T*d-C/2=603*400/1.15*(460-93.913/2)
Mu=86.63 KN.m

POINT 5
LOCATED AT THE COMPREASSION ZONE

٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ASSUME a=290 C=1.25*a=362.5

€s=8.06E-4
Fs=161.3793 MPA
ASSUME Ɣc=1.55 Ɣs=1.188
Pu=.67*25/1.55*290*250+603*400/1.188-603*161.3793=885.288 KN
Mu=.67*25*1.55*290*250(250-290/2)+603*400/1.188*(250-40)+603*161.3793(250-
40) =144.92 KN.m

۷
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
CHECK e/t

e=144.92/885.288=0.163

Ɣc=1.5(7/6-0.327/3)=1.586
Ɣs=1.15(7/6-0.327/3)=1.216

Pu=761.87 KN Mu=142 KN.m

POINT 6

۸
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ASSUME a<ab a=180 C=225

€s'=2.46E-3
Fs=FY/1.15

Pu=2/3*25/1.5*180*250+603*400/1.15-603*400/1.15=500 KN

Mu=500*(250-180/2)+603*400/1.15*(250-40)+603*400/1.15*(250-40)=168.1 KN.M

ECP203 ECP203
MU NU
2000
1 0 1544.8
2 35.16 1406.4 1500
3 100.78 1113.317
1000
4 110.5 1058.5
5 142 761.87 500
6 174.5 650
7 168.1 500 0
200 150 100 50 0
8 86.63 0

۹
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
FOR ACI AND BS8110 OPTAIN THE RESULTS FROM ETABS

3- ACCORDING ACI
ACI
ACI
POINT MU NU 1600

1 0 1345.307 1400
2 56.84 1345.307 1200
3 86.3573 1236.722 1000
4 110.5805 1047.895 800
5 129.263 844.5283 600
6 144.4455 615.9915 400
7 160.7884 570.2414
200
8 174.0084 497.8333
0
9 138.9356 266.0396 200 150 100 50 0

4- ACCORDING BS8110
BS8110 BS8110
POINT MU NU
2000
1 0 1802.047
2 60.0196 1512.997 1500
3 90.4399 1346.196
4 118.1657 1161.515 1000
5 142.8656 960.6806
6 166.1797 735.1491 500
7 164.5736 586.7719
8 155.0812 438.3947 0
9 137.7025 290.0175 200 150 100 50 0

CHART COMPARING THE RESULTS

ACI VS BS VS ECP 2000

1500

ACI
NU

1000
BS
ECP203 500

0
200 150 100 50 0
MU

ACI RESULTS IS MORE COMBTABLE WITH E.C.P203 THAN BS8110

۱۰
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ‫‪SLENDER COLUMN‬‬
‫•‬ ‫‪ACCORDING E.C.P203‬‬

‫طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ﯾﺟب ﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﻣﺑﻧﻲ ﻣﻘﯾد ﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺎ او ﻏﯾر ﻣﻘﯾد طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‬

‫طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﺷروط اﻟﻛود ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺣﺗوي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣواﺋط ﻗص ﺗﻛون ﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻏﯾر ﻣﻘﯾدة‬
‫ﯾﺟب اﻻﻧﺗﺑﺎه ان اﻟﻘوي اﻟﻣؤﺛرة ﻓﻲ اﻻزاﺣﺔ اﻟﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﻣدة اﻟﻣﻘﯾدة ھﻲ اﻟﻘوي اﻟرأﺳﯾﺔ و ﻻﻋﻣدة ﻏﯾر ﻣﻘﯾدة ھﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻘوي اﻻﻓﻘﯾﺔ‬

‫‪۱۱‬‬
‫‪Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy‬‬
HOW TO CALCLULATE δ FOR BRACED COLUMN

KHo
𝛌𝛌 =
b
CONSERVATIVE CAN ASSUME K=1.0 FOR BRACED COLUMN

𝜆𝜆2𝑏𝑏 ∗ 𝑏𝑏
𝛅𝛅 =
2000

۱۲
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
HOW TO CALCLULATE ∆ FOR UNBRACED COLUMN

1- Approximate method

∆ =ᵟav

۱۳
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 𝑛𝑛
�1 ᵟ
𝛅𝛅𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 =
n

‫ل‬

‫ئ‬

۱٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 2- Exact method

Using P-∆ analysis from Etabs

۲۰۱۲ ‫اﻟﺘﺄﺛﯿﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﯾﺔ طﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻜﻮد اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬

۱٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 CONCLUSION

BRACED δ=
𝝀𝝀𝟐𝟐 𝒃𝒃∗𝒃𝒃
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 Madd=Pδ
BUILDING APPROXIMATE
δ𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = ∑𝒏𝒏𝟏𝟏 δ
METHOD 𝒏𝒏

UN BRACED ∆ =δav
PROCEED P-∆
EXACT METHOD
ANALYSIS

۱٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 • ACCORDING ACI 318

‫اﻟﻜﻮد اﻻﻣﺮﯾﻜﻲ ﯾﺼﻨﻒ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺼﺮي ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻣﻘﯿﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎ و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﯿﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺘﺮاطﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻣﻘﯿﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯿﺎ طﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﺮاطﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬CACI318-19 ‫اﻟﻜﻮد اﻻﻣﺮﯾﻜﻲ‬
6.6.4.3 It shall be permitted to analyze columns and stories in structures
as nonsway frames if (a) or (b) is satisfied:
a) The increase in column end moments due to second-order effects does not
exceed 5 percent of the first-order end moments
R6.6.4.3 In 6.6.4.3(a), a story in a frame is classified as nonsway if the increase in the
lateral load moments resulting from PΔ effects does not exceed 5 percent of the
first-order moments
‫ ﯾﻛون‬% ٥ ‫ ﯾزﯾد ﻋن اﻟﻌزوم اﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻻوﻟﻲ ﺑﻧﺳﺑﺔ اﻗل‬P-∆ ‫ﻟو اﻟﻌزوم اﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻟﺛﺎﻧوي‬
‫اﻟﻣﺑﻧﻲ ﻣﻘﯾد ﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺎ‬

EXAMPLE 2-1

۱۷
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
∆=17.651mm
∆=17.45 mm 1ST ORDER MOMENT 2ND ORDER MOMENT

Mad=P∆=200*17.45/1000=3.49 KN-M
Check Frame Sway or Non Sway
P∗∆
= 3.49/550=0.6345% <5.0%
1ST ORDER MOMENT

Column is non sway

(b) Q in accordance with 6.6.4.4.1 does not exceed 0.05

Section 6.6.4.3(b) provides an alternative method of determining if a frame is

classified as nonsway based on the stability index for a story, Q. In calculating Q, ΣPu
should correspond to the lateral loading case for which ΣPu is greatest. A frame may
contain both nonsway and sway stories.
If the lateral load deflections of the frame are calculated using service loads and the
service load moments of inertia given in 6.6.3.2.2, it is permissible to calculate Q in
Eq. (6.6.4.4.1) using 1.2 times the sum of the service gravity loads, the service load
story shear, and 1.4 times the first-order service load story deflections.

۱۸
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
EXAMPLE 2-2

Design Data
fc’ = 6,000 psi for columns in the bottom two stories
= 4,000 psi elsewhere
fy = 60,000 psi
Slab thickness = 7 in.
Exterior Columns = 22 in. x 22 in.
Interior Columns = 24 in. x 24 in.
Beams = 24 in. x 20 in. x 24 ft
Superimposed dead load = 30 psf
Roof live load = 30 psf
Floor live load = 50 psf
Wind loads computed according to ASCE 7-10
Total building loads in the first story from structural analysis:
D = 17,895 kip
L = 1,991 kip
Lr = 270 kip
W = 0 kip, wind loads in the story cause compression in some columns and tension in
others and thus would cancel out.

۱۹
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
How Calculate δ for non-sway frame column (ACI 318-19)
6.6.4.5 Moment magnification method: Nonsway frames

6.6.4.5.1 The factored moment used for design of columns and walls,
Mc, shall be the first-order factored moment M2 amplified for the
effects of member curvature.

Mc = 𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 M2 (6.6.4.5.1)
6.6.4.5.2 Magnification factor δ shall be calculated by:
𝐶𝐶m
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 ≥ 1.0 (6.6.4.5.2)
𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏
6.6.4.5.3 Cm shall be in accordance with (a) or (b):
(a) For columns without transverse loads applied between supports

𝑴𝑴𝟏𝟏
Cm =0.6-0.4 (6.6.4.5.3a)
𝑴𝑴𝟐𝟐
M1/M2 is negative if bent in single curvature and positive if bent in double curvature
(b) For columns with transverse loads applied between supports.
Cm = 1.0 (6.6.4.5.3b)

۲۰
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
(6.6.4.4.2)

6.6.4.4.3 The effective length factor k shall be calculated using Ec in

accordance with 19.2.2 and I in accordance with 6.6.3.1.1. For no sway
members, k shall be permitted to be taken as 1.0, and for sway
members, k shall be at least 1.0.
6.6.4.4.4 For columns, (EI)eff shall be calculated in accordance with (a), (b), or (c):
𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒𝑬𝑬𝒄𝒄 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈
(a) (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = (6.6.4.4.4a)
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

(𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝑬𝑬𝒄𝒄 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈 +𝑬𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑰𝑰𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 )

(b) (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = (6.6.4.4.4b)
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

𝒄𝒄 𝑬𝑬 𝑰𝑰
(c) (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = (6.6.4.4.4c)
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

Where βdns shall be the ratio of maximum factored sustained axial load
to maximum factored axial load associated with the same load
combination and I in Eq. (6.6.4.4.4c) is calculated according to Table
6.6.3.1.1(b) for columns and walls
𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐𝑫𝑫 (𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬)
𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 =
𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟 𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥
𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟 𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥
= ≤ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐𝑫𝑫 + 𝟏𝟏.𝟔𝟔𝑳𝑳

Simplification, it can be assumed that βdns = 0.6. In this case, Eq. (6.6.4.4.4a) becomes (EI)eff = 0.25EcIg.
In reinforced concrete columns subject to sustained loads, creep transfers some of the load from the
concrete to the longitudinal reinforcement, increasing the reinforcement stresses. In the case of lightly
reinforced columns, this load transfer may cause the compression reinforcement to yield prematurely,
resulting in a loss in the effective EI. Accordingly, both the concrete and longitudinal reinforcement
terms in Eq. (6.6.4.4.4b) are reduced to account for creep.

6.6.4.6 Moment magnification method: Sway frames

6.6.4.6.1 Moments M1 and M2 at the ends of an individual column shall be calculated
by (a) and (b).

(a) M1 = M1ns + δsM1s (6.6.4.6.1a)

(b) M2 = M2ns + δsM2s (6.6.4.6.1b)
Where M2ns is the unmagnified moment due to gravity loads (nonsway moment)
and 𝛿𝛿s M2s is the magnified moment due to sway frame loads.
Mc = larger of M1 and M2

6.6.4.6.2 The moment magnifier δs shall be calculated by (a), (b), or (c). If δs exceeds 1.5, only (b) or
(c) shall be permitted

𝟏𝟏
a) 𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = ≥ 𝟏𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 (6.6.4.6.2a)
𝟏𝟏−𝑸𝑸

𝟏𝟏
(b) 𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = 𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 ≥ 𝟏𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 (6.6.4.6.2b)
𝟏𝟏−𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮

۲۱
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 (c) Second-order elastic analysis (PROCEED P-∆ ANALYSE)

Where ΣPu is the summation of all the factored vertical loads in a story and ΣPc is the summation
for all sway-resisting columns in a story. Pc is calculated using Eq. (6.6.4.4.2) with k determined
for sway members from 6.6.4.4.3 and (EI)eff from 6.6.4.4.4 with βds substituted for βdns.
Note that the
term 𝛽𝛽ds is used instead of 𝛽𝛽dns to calculate I and is defined as the ratio of maximum
factored sustained shear within a story to the total factored shear in that story.
Sustained shear is the shear occurred from the case of sustained lateral load, such as
soil backfill or water pressure
𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥
𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 =
𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐱𝐱𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥

Summary
1. for nonsway frames
(𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝑬𝑬𝒄𝒄 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈 +𝑬𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑰𝑰𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 )
(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = (6.6.4.4.4b)
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

Or the more simplified equation

𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒𝑬𝑬𝒄𝒄 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈
(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = (6.6.4.4.4a)
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅

More simply, (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = 0.25EcIg (𝛽𝛽dns = 0.6)

The Euler buckling load is

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
(6.6.4.4.2)

𝑴𝑴𝟏𝟏
Cm =0.6-0.4 (6.6.4.5.3a)
𝑴𝑴𝟐𝟐
The moment-magnifier factor (nonsway frames) is
𝐶𝐶m
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 ≥ 1.0 (6.6.4.5.2)
𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏

The design moment is

Mc = 𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 M2 (6.6.4.5.1)

2. For sway (unbraced) frames, the moment-magnifier factor is calculated either from

a. Magnifier method:
𝟏𝟏
𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = 𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 ≥ 𝟏𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 (6.6.4.6.2b)
𝟏𝟏−𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮

b. Approximate second-order analysis

𝟏𝟏
𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = ≥ 𝟏𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 (6.6.4.6.2a)
𝟏𝟏−𝑸𝑸

۲۲
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ∑𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒖 𝜟𝜟𝟎𝟎
𝑸𝑸 =
𝑽𝑽𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖 𝑳𝑳𝒄𝒄

The design moment is

(a) M1 = M1ns + δsM1s (6.6.4.6.1a)

(b) M2 = M2ns + δsM2s (6.6.4.6.1b)
Where M2ns is the unmagnified moment due to gravity loads (nonsway moment) and
𝛿𝛿sM2s
Is the magnified moment due to sway frame loads.

Mc = larger of M1 and M2

۲۳
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
EXAMPLE 2-3

Determine the moments and axial forces that must be used for the design of
column CD of the
Unbraced frame of above Figure Consider only bending in the plane of the
frame. The assumed
Member sizes shown in the figure are used for the analyses given in the
problem. fy = 400 MPA
And fc' = 24 MPA.
SOLUTION
Check frame sway or non-sway

∑𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒖 𝜟𝜟𝟎𝟎
𝑸𝑸 =
𝑽𝑽𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖 𝑳𝑳𝒄𝒄

∑𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒖 = 𝟐𝟐 ∗ 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

𝜟𝜟𝟎𝟎 =154.279 mm
Vus=128
𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝑸𝑸 = =0.1193>.05 sway frame
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏∗𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒

1. Determine the effective length factor for the sway case using 0.35Ig for the girder and 0.70Ig

For the columns .

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
I column=(0.70) =472500000 mm4
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
For the Beam
𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟑𝟑
I beam=(0.35) =1.89x109 mm4
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎/𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
ψB= = 0.608
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏/𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗

ψA =∞ for pinned ends (For practical purposes, use 10.)

۲٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
K=1.80
2. Is it a slender column?
Lu =4000-600=3400 mm
𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌
Max = to be a short column = 22 for sway frames
𝒓𝒓

𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌 𝟏𝟏.𝟖𝟖∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
= =68>12
𝒓𝒓 .𝟑𝟑∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

∴ It is a slender column

3. Consider the loading case U = 1.2D + 1.6L

ACI min Moment

emin =15+.03h =15+.03*300=24 mm
Mmin =Pu*24/1000 =198*24/1000=4.75 KNm
<135.7 OK

(b) Compute the magnification factor 𝛿𝛿𝑛𝑛𝑆𝑆

EC=24099 MPA
𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 = =0.273
𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏+𝟏𝟏.𝟔𝟔∗𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒𝑬𝑬𝒄𝒄 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈 𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒∗𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐∗𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔

(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = = =5.11*1012 mm4
𝟏𝟏+𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 𝟏𝟏+.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

Assuming conservatively that k = 1.0 for computing Pc

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 ∗𝟓𝟓.𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
=
(𝟏𝟏∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟐𝟐
=3684942.194 N

۲٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 𝑴𝑴𝟏𝟏
Cm =0.6-0.4 =0.6
𝑴𝑴𝟐𝟐
𝐶𝐶m 𝟎𝟎.𝟔𝟔
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 =0.646 <1.0 Use 1.0
𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑.𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
(c) Compute the magnification factor δs :
Using k = 1.80 as given for determining Pc

There no sustained shear loads take 𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝=0.0

𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒∗𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐∗𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = =. =6.5*1012
𝟏𝟏+𝟎𝟎

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 ∗𝟔𝟔.𝟓𝟓𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 =

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
=
(𝟏𝟏.𝟖𝟖∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎)𝟐𝟐
1446320 N

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = 𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 = 𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 =1.22
𝟏𝟏−𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕∗𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

(d) Compute the magnified moment

Mc = (1.0) (135.7) + (1.412) (0) =135.7

4. Consider the loading case U = (1.2D + 1.0L + 1.0W) as specified in ACI Code
(a) Are column moments ≥ ACI minimum?

Mmin =Pu*24/1000 =144*24/1000=3.456 KNm<98.7 OK

(b) Computing𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 :

𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝, EI, and Pc are the same as before

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 ∗𝟓𝟓.𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
=
(𝟏𝟏∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟐𝟐
=3684942.194 N

𝐶𝐶m 𝟎𝟎.𝟔𝟔
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏+𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓.𝟗𝟗 =0.647 <1.0
𝟏𝟏− 𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑.𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗

(c) Computing δs :
There no sustained shear loads take 𝜷𝜷𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝=0.0
𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒∗𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐∗𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = =. =6.5*1012
𝟏𝟏+𝟎𝟎

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 ∗𝟔𝟔.𝟓𝟓𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 =

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
=
(𝟏𝟏.𝟖𝟖∗𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟐𝟐
1446320 N

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 = 𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 = 𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏−𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓.𝟗𝟗+𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓.𝟗𝟗 =1.153
𝟏𝟏−𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮𝜮 𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕∗𝟐𝟐∗𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

۲٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
‫‪OR‬‬
‫𝟏𝟏‬ ‫𝟏𝟏‬
‫= 𝒔𝒔𝜹𝜹‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪=1.135‬‬
‫𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏‪𝟏𝟏−𝑸𝑸 𝟏𝟏−𝟎𝟎.‬‬

‫‪𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 =1.153‬‬
‫‪(d) Compute the magnified moment:‬‬

‫‪Mc = (1.0) (98.7) + (1.153) (255.9) =393.75‬‬

‫‪(E) Computing δs -with proceeding p-∆ with etabs‬‬

‫‪Factored & Minimum Biaxial Moments‬‬

‫‪NonSway Mns‬‬ ‫‪Sway Ms‬‬ ‫‪Factored Mu‬‬ ‫‪Minimum Mmin‬‬ ‫‪Minimum Eccentricity‬‬
‫‪kN-m‬‬ ‫‪kN-m‬‬ ‫‪kN-m‬‬ ‫‪kN-m‬‬ ‫‪mm‬‬
‫)‪Major Bending(Mu3‬‬ ‫‪-98.1‬‬ ‫‪-280.5‬‬ ‫‪-378.7‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪24.2‬‬
‫)‪Minor Bending(Mu2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪24.2‬‬

‫‪𝜹𝜹𝒔𝒔 =280.5/255.9=1.096‬‬

‫اﻟﺧﻼﺻﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ ﯾﻌﺗﺑر ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘﺎوم اﺣﻣﺎل رأﺳﯾﺔ ﻓﻘط ﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻘﯾدة ﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺎ و اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘﺎوم اﺣﻣﺎل‬
‫رأﺳﯾﺔ و اﻓﻘﯾﺔ ﯾﺗم ﺗﺻﻧﯾﻔﮭﺎ ﻣﻘﯾدة ﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺎ او ﻏﯾر ﻣﻘﯾدة ﺟﺎﻧﺑﯾﺎ طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﺟﺳﺎءة اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻر اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﻣﺎل اﻻﻓﻘﯾﺔ ﻋن‬
‫طرﯾق اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻣل ‪ Q STABILITY INDEX‬اﻟﻣوﺟود ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ ‪ ACI‬وﺗم ﺷرﺣﮫ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ او اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻣل ‪Ө‬‬
‫اﻟﻣوﺟود ﻓﻲ ﻛود اﻻﺣﻣﺎل اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ ‪ ASCE07‬واﯾﺿﺎ ﻣوﺟود ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ﻟﻼﺣﻣﺎل ‪E.C.P201‬‬

‫‪۲۷‬‬
‫‪Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy‬‬
EXAMPLE 2-4

NUMBER OF STORIES 7 , STORY1 HEIGHT 7, REPEATED STORIES 3.5 m

COLUMN 500X500 - 12T16, WALLS 300, SLAB 220
LOADS
DL = OW
LIVE=2 KN/m2
WL=4 KN/m2
SIESMIC LOAD
EX
ASSUME LOAD COMBINATIONS
ULTIMATE (1.4D +1.6L)

۲۸
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
U1 (1.12D+.25L+EX)
‫ﺗم اﻓﺗراض ﻓﻘط ﻋدد اﺛﻧﯾن ﻣن ﺗراﻛﯾب اﻻﺣﻣﺎل ﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﯾدوﯾﺔ و ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ اﻟﻔرق ﺑﯾن‬
‫اﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم ﺑﺎﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري و اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ و ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﯾﺗﺎﺑس‬

MATERILAS
CONCRETE: - FCUBIC =FCU=30 MPA, FCYLENDER =FC'=24 MPA
REINF. FY=400 MPA

REQUIRED
DESIGN COLUMN C1 ACCORDING E.C.P 203 AND ACI 318
1-DESIGN C1 ACCORDING E.C.P 203
CHECK BUILDING BRACED OR UNBRACED ACOORDING E.C.P203/2018
𝑵𝑵
𝜶𝜶 = 𝑯𝑯𝒃𝒃 �∑
𝑬𝑬𝑪𝑪 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈

Hb=28 m
N= 34406.75 KN
Ig FOR SHEAR WALL X DIRECTION =2 X300X50003/12=6.25*1012
EC=24100 MPA
∑ 𝑬𝑬𝑪𝑪 𝑰𝑰𝒈𝒈 =1.50625*1017

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝜶𝜶 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐� =.423 BUILDIN BRACED IN 2 DIRECTION
𝟏𝟏.𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

1-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.4D+1.6)

M1 =4.43 KN.m
M2=7.60 KN.m
PU=2941 KN
Mmin=Pu*emin emin =500*.05=25 mm

۲۹
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 Mmin=2941*.025=73.525 KN.m
M1=M2=73.525 KN.m
CHECK COLUMN SLENDERNESS
HO=7-0.7=6.30 m
K=1.0 CONSERVATIVELY AS BUILDING BRACED
He=6.30 m
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
λ= =12.5<15 COLUMN IS SHORT COLUMN
𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓

PU=0.35*30*(500*500-AS) +0.67*400*AS=2941.025
2625000-10.5*AS+268 AS=2941.025*1000
257.5 AS=316025
AS=1227.28
TAKE AS MIN=0.8% AC=2000 mm2 12T16 OK
PU=0.35*30*(500*500-12*201) +0.67*400*12*201=3246 KN
Pact/Presist =2941/3246=0.91
2-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.12D+0.25L+EX)
AS THE COMBINATION INCLUDING LATERAL LOAD, ACCORDING E.C.P
201 CHECK Ө IS NEEDED

PDELTA CHECK X DIRECTION

Output DRIFT CHECK

Story
Case
VX(TOP) PTOTAL(BOTTOM) DRIFT X
X*R Ө Ө
KN KN

Story7 EX -336.2657 4403.5 0.002172 0.01086 0.142215 NEED

Story6 EX -657.4289 8807 0.002197 0.010985 0.147156 NEED

Story5 EX -932.7116 13210.5 0.002179 0.010895 0.154312 NEED

Story4 EX -1162.1 17614 0.002089 0.010445 0.158313 NEED

Story3 EX -1345.6 22017.5 0.001897 0.009485 0.155195 NEED

Story2 EX -1483.2 26421 0.001577 0.007885 0.140452 NEED

۳۰
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 NOT
Story1 EX -1582.7 31563 0.000722 0.00361 0.071991
NEED

MAX Ө =0.158>.1 P∆ ANALYSIS IS NEEDED

ACCORDING E.C.P 201

FOR STORY 1
Ө=.072<0.1 CAN BE NEGLECTED FOR STORY1 BUT ABOVE STORIES
MUST BE CONSIDERD
PU=1766.5 KN
M1=9.5 KN.M
M2=32.33 KN.M
Mmin=1766.5*.025=44.16 KN.m
M1=M2=44.16
COLUMN 500X500-12T16 SAFE
Pact/Presist =1766.5/3246=0.544
1-DESIGN C1 ACCORDING ACI 318
1-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.4D+1.6)
M1 =4.43 KN.m
M2=7.60 KN.m
PU=2941 KN
Mmin=Pu*emin emin =15+.03* 500=30 mm
Mmin=2941*.03=88.2 KN.m
M1=M2=88.2
CHECK COLUMN SLENDER OR SHORT

۳۱
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
COMBINATION IS NOT INCLUDING LATERAL LOAD COLUMN IS
NONSWAY
TAKE K=1.0 CONSERVATIVELY
𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
= =42>40 COLUMN IS SLENDER
𝒓𝒓 𝟎𝟎.𝟑𝟑∗𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓

COLUMN Ig=500X5003/12=5208333333
EC=24100
𝟐𝟐
𝜷𝜷𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 = =0.25
𝟐𝟐+𝟒𝟒+𝟐𝟐
𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒∗𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐∗𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
(𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝒆𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 = = 4.017*1013
𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 (𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬)𝐞𝐞𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝝅𝝅𝟐𝟐 ∗𝟒𝟒.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑬𝑬𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 = (𝒌𝒌𝑳𝑳𝑼𝑼 )𝟐𝟐
= =9988964.7
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟐𝟐

𝟒𝟒.𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
Cm =0.6-0.4 =.367
𝟕𝟕.𝟔𝟔
𝐶𝐶m
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏 ≥ 1.0
𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏

.𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 0.604 TAKE 𝜹𝜹𝒏𝒏𝑺𝑺 =1
𝟏𝟏−
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕∗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗.𝟕𝟕

Pu=2941 KN
M1=M2=88.2
PU=0.8*.65(.85fc'(AC-As)+FyAs)
=.8*.65(.85*24(500*500-12*201)+400*12*201)=3128.1 KN
Pact/Presist =2941/3128.1=0.94
2-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.12D+0.25L+EX)
PU=1766.5 KN
M1=9.5 KN.M
M2=32.33 KN.M
COMBINATION IS INCLUDING LATERAL LOAD COLUMN
COLUMN SHOULD BE CHECKED SWAY OR NOT SWAY
ACCORDING ACI CHECK Q

۳۲
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ∑𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒖 𝜟𝜟𝟎𝟎
𝑸𝑸 =
𝑽𝑽𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖 𝑳𝑳𝒄𝒄

∑𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒖 =34893.74
𝑽𝑽𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖 =-1569.5236
𝜟𝜟𝟎𝟎
=0.000722
𝑳𝑳𝒄𝒄

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑∗.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑸𝑸 = .016 <.05 COLUMN IS NOT SWAY COLUMN
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

Pact/Presist =1766.5/3128.1=.5647
ETABS-DESIGN
1-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.4D+1.6)
ETABS Concrete Frame Design
ACI 318-14 Column Section Design

Column Element Details (Flexural Details)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF Type
Story1 C1 7 C50X50-12T16 ULTIMATE 0 7000 1 Sway Special

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
500 500 43 12.3

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) f'c (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
24100 24 1 400 240

Design Code Parameters

ΦT ΦCTied ΦCSpiral ΦVns ΦVs ΦVjoint Ω0
0.9 0.65 0.75 0.75 0.6 0.85 2

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar % Capacity Ratio
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m % Unitless
2941.3293 4.4352 88.9458 88.9458 88.9458 0.97 0.94

۳۳
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 Factored & Minimum Biaxial Moments
NonSway Mns Sway Ms Factored Mu Minimum Mmin Minimum Eccentricity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm
Major Bending(Mu3) 4.4352 0 4.4352 88.9458 30.2
Minor Bending(Mu2) 4.4352 0 4.4352 88.9458 30.2

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Cm Factor δns Factor δs Factor K Factor Effective Length
Unitless Unitless Unitless Unitless mm
Major Bend(M3) 0.366622 1 1 1 6300
Minor Bend(M2) 0.366622 1 1 1 6300

2-COMBINATIONS ULTIMATE (1.12D+0.25L+EX)

ETABS Concrete Frame Design
ACI 318-14 Column Section Design

Column Element Details (Flexural Details)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF Type
Story1 C1 7 C50X50-12T16 U1.12+.25L+EX 0 7000 1 Sway Special

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
500 500 43 12.3

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) f'c (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
24100 24 1 400 240

Design Code Parameters

ΦT ΦCTied ΦCSpiral ΦVns ΦVs ΦVjoint Ω0
0.9 0.65 0.75 0.75 0.6 0.85 2

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar % Capacity Ratio
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m % Unitless
1766.5655 3.3986 53.4209 53.4209 53.4209 0.97 0.565

۳٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 Factored & Minimum Biaxial Moments
NonSway Mns Sway Ms Factored Mu Minimum Mmin Minimum Eccentricity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm
Major Bending(Mu3) 2.9285 29.4019 32.3304 53.4209 30.2
Minor Bending(Mu2) 2.9285 0.47 3.3986 53.4209 30.2

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Cm Factor δns Factor δs Factor K Factor Effective Length
Unitless Unitless Unitless Unitless mm
Major Bend(M3) 0.482664 1 1 1 6300
Minor Bend(M2) 0.316298 1 1 1 6300

1.4D+1.6L 1.12D+.25L+EX
E.C.P203 0.91 0.544
ACI318 0.94 .5647
ETABS-ACI318 0.94 0.565

‫اﻟﺧﻼﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗم ﺷرﺣﮫ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ان اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺗم ﺗﺻﻣﯾﻣﮭﺎ طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ ھﻲ اﻣﻧﺔ طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻛود‬
‫اﻟﻣﺻري و اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻻﯾﺗﺎﺑس ﻓﻲ ﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻻﻋﻣدة ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ و ﺗراﻛﯾب اﻻﺣﻣﺎل‬
‫طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ھﻲ اﻣﻧﺔ طﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري‬

۳٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ‫اﻟﻣراﺟﻊ‬
‫ ﻟﻼﺣﻣﺎل‬۲۰۱ ‫ اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري‬-۱
۲۰۳ ‫اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺄت اﻟﺧرﺳﺎﻧﯾﺔ‬-۲
‫ﺷﯾﺗﺎت اﻟﻣﮭﻧدس ﯾﺎﺳر اﻟﻠﯾﺳﻲ ﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺄت اﻟﺧرﺳﺎﻧﯾﺔ‬-۳
ACI318 ‫اﻟﻛود اﻻﻣرﯾﻛﻲ‬-٤
M. Nadim Hassoun, Akthem Al-Manaseer-Structural Concrete_ -٥
(Theory and Design-Wiley (2015
EC8_Seismic_Design_of_Buildings-Worked_examples-٦

۳٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy