Comprehending

Cruelty Directed
at Stray Animals

PROJECT REPORT

DAMIA SHARMA 22056

ARJAV DHAWAN 22036
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.INTRODUCTION
2.FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
3.CONCLUSION

STEPS
1. Firstly, we identified the problem and created a
questionnaire using Google Forms and collected 91
responses.
2. Then, we collected the responses, created a report, and
conducted analysis on the raw data using Microsoft
Excel
3. Finally, based upon our findings and analysis, we
concluded our study and provided measures to help
minimize the problem.
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM
Cruelty to animals in India is a concern which Indians
appear not ready to take responsibility for, with attacks
on stray animals becoming part of daily life. The
incidents associated with animal torture and murder
have been rising with each passing day. With this
questionnaire we have attempted to find out which
group of people are the most involved in cruelty towards
stray animals, whether people know about the
appropriate organisations to contact when they witness
such an incident in their proximity, and whether they
report such incidents to authorities or choose to ignore
them.

SOFTWARES USED
 Google Forms
 Word
 Excel
 Power Point
 FINDING AND ANALYSIS

REGRESSION ANALYSIS
SUMMARY
OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
0.04608
Multiple R 1105
0.00212
R Square 3468
-
Adjusted R 0.01233
Square 851
Standard 0.41364
Error 1713
Observation
s 71

ANOVA

df SS MS F Significance F
0.025122 0.02512272 0.1468
Regression 1 723 3 31102 0.702760281
11.80586 0.17109946
Residual 69 319 7
11.83098
Total 70 592

Coeffici Standard Upper Lower Upper

ents Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% 95% 95.0% 95.0%
4.15830 0.146672 28.3509536 9.4937 4.4509 3.86570 4.45090
Intercept 6189 533 7 9E-40 3.865702492 09886 2492 9886
-
0.02410 0.062904 0.38318546 0.7027 0.1495 0.10138 0.14959
2 4235 877 7 60281 -0.101387561 9603 7561 603
The regression analysis shows the results of a linear
regression model. Here's a breakdown of the key statistics
and coefficients:
1. Multiple R: 0.0461
 The multiple correlation coefficient measures the
strength and direction of the linear relationship
between the independent variable and the dependent
variable. In this case, it is quite low, suggesting a weak
linear relationship.
2. R Square (R^2): 0.00212
 R-squared represents the proportion of the variance in
the dependent variable that is predictable from the
independent variable. In this case, the R-squared value
is very close to zero, indicating that the model explains a
very small percentage of the variance in the dependent
variable.
3. Adjusted R Square: -0.0123
 The adjusted R-squared accounts for the number of
predictors in the model. A negative value may suggest
that the model is not well-fitted to the data.
4. Standard Error: 0.4136
 The standard error of the regression measures the
average distance between the actual data points and
the predicted values. It gives an indication of the
accuracy of the model's predictions.
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance):
 The ANOVA table assesses the significance of the overall
regression model.
 Regression:
 Degrees of Freedom (df): 1
 Sum of Squares (SS): 0.0251
 Mean Square (MS): 0.0251
 F-statistic (F): 0.1468
 Significance F: 0.7028 (p-value)
 Residual:
 Degrees of Freedom (df): 69
 Sum of Squares (SS): 11.8059
 Mean Square (MS): 0.1711
 The p-value for the F-statistic in the ANOVA table tests
the null hypothesis that all coefficients in the model are
equal to zero. A high p-value (greater than 0.05)
suggests that the overall model is not statistically
significant.
Coefficients:
 Intercept:
 Coefficient: 4.1583
 Standard Error: 0.1467
 t-statistic: 28.3510
 P-value: 9.49379E-40
 95% Confidence Interval: (3.8657, 4.4509)
 Variable 2:
 Coefficient: 0.0241
 Standard Error: 0.0629
 t-statistic: 0.3832
 P-value: 0.7028
 95% Confidence Interval: (-0.1014, 0.1496)
The p-value for the intercept is very low, indicating that it is
statistically significant. However, the p-value for Variable 2 is
high, suggesting that it is not statistically significant in
predicting the dependent variable. The low R-squared and
adjusted R-squared values, along with the low F-statistic p-
value, suggest that the model may not be a good fit for the
data.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS
Column Column
1 2
Colum 0.04778
n1 1 7
Colum 0.04778
n2 7 1

Correlation between Column 1 and itself:

1. The correlation coefficient is 1 (on the diagonal, where a
variable is compared with itself).
2. This is expected and indicates a perfect positive linear
relationship, as any variable is perfectly correlated with
itself.

Correlation between Column 2 and itself:

1. Similar to the first case, the correlation coefficient is 1.
2. Again, a variable is perfectly correlated with itself.

Correlation between Column 1 and Column 2:

1. The correlation coefficient is approximately 0.0478.
2. This positive value indicates a weak positive linear

relationship between "Column 1" and "Column 2." As values

in one column increase, values in the other column also tend
to increase, but the relationship is very weak.
TO SUMMARIZE: Perfect positive correlation within each
variable with itself (as expected).
A very weak positive correlation between "Column 1" and
"Column 2."

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, our survey participants reported minimal
instances of animal cruelty, attributing this to the presence of
NGOs, animal shelters, and veterinarians in their vicinity. The
awareness among respondents regarding organizations such
as PETA and Friendicoes, dedicated to safeguarding and
providing refuge to vulnerable stray animals, further
contributes to the prevention of cruelty. The existence of
these entities and heightened public awareness acts as a
deterrent to potential offenders. Furthermore, the findings
suggest that by fostering education among the populace and
implementing more stringent legal measures, there is
potential for a significant reduction in the prevalence of
animal violence. A collective effort involving public
awareness, supportive organizations, and legal reforms could
play a pivotal role in curbing the alarming instances of cruelty
towards animals in our communities.