Rules of Active and Passive

Present Indefinite Tense

[Passive form:- am/is/are + V3]

Active:- He helps me.

Passive:- I am helped by him.

Active:- I help you.

Passive:- You are helped by me.

Active:- We respect him.

Passive:- He is respected by us.

Present Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- am/is/are + being + V3]

Active:- I am eating a mango.

Passive:- A mango is being eaten by me.

Active:- They are singing songs.

Passive:- Songs are being sung (by them).

Active:- They are repairing the bridge.

Passive:- The bridge is being repaired.

 Present Perfect Tense

[Passive form:- have/has + been + V3]

Active:- I have finished the work.

Passive:- The work has been finished by me.

Active:- He has beaten Ram.

Passive:- Ram has been beaten by him.

Active:- Ram has disturbed me.

Passive:- I have been disturbed by Ram.

Note:- 'Have' is used for pural and 'Has' is used for singular.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- have/has + been + being + V3]

Active:- They have been doing the research for years.

Passive:- The research has been being done for years.

Active:- We have been digging the well for ten years.

Passive:- The well has been being dug for ten years.

Note:- The use of Passive form of Present Perfect Continuous Tense is uncommon.
 Past Indefinite Tense

[Passive form:- was/were + V3]

Active:- I ate a mango.

Passive:- A mango was eaten by me.

Active:- I ate four mangoes.

Passive:- Four mangoes were eaten by me.

Active:- The police arrested him.

Passive:- He was arrested.

Note:- 'Were' is used for pural and 'Was' is used for singular.

Past Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- was/were + being + V3]

Active:- He was teaching me.

Passive:- I was being taught by him.

Active:- She was vexing him.

Passive:- He was being vexed by her.

Active:- He was watching them.

Passive:- They were being watched by him.

 Past Perfect Tense

[Passive form:- had been + V3]

Active:- I had written the letter.

Passive:- The letter had been written by me.

Active:- I had informed the police.

Passive:- The police had been informed by me.

Active:- Somebody had stolen my umbrella.

Passive:- My umbrella had been stolen.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- had been being + V3]

Active:- The police had been following him for years.

Passive:- He had been being followed for years.

Note:- The use of Passive Form of Past Perfect Continuous Tense is uncommon.

Simple Future Tense

[Passive form:- shall/will + be + V3]

Active:- I will help you.

Passive:- You will be helped by me.

Active:- She will teach me.

Passive:- I shall be taught by her.

Active:- He will do it.

Passive:- It will be done by him.

Note:- 'Shall' is used for pural and 'Will' is used for singular.
 Future Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- shall/will + be + being + V3]

Active:- I shall be doing this.

Passive:- This will be being done (by me).

Active:- They will be helping us.

Passive:- We shall be helped.

Note:- The use of the passive form of Future Continuous Tense is uncommon.

Future Perfect Tense

[Passive form:- shall/will + have been + V3]

Active:- I shall have written the book.

Passive:- The book will have been written by me.

Active:- They will have done the work by June 2025.

Passive:- The work will have been done by June 2025.

Active:- They will have informed us.

Passive:- We shall have been informed.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

[Passive form:- shall/will + have been being + V3]

Active:- We shall have been building the fort for five years.

Passive:- The fort will have been being built for five years.

Note:- Use of Future Perfect Continuous Tense in passive voice is uncommon.

 Modal Verbs

[Passive form:- modal auxiliary + be + V3]

Shall, will, can, could, may, might, should, would, must, ought etc. are modal auxiliaries. When there is
an active verb after it, then the following form is used to change the used verb into passive:-

Active:- They will kill the bird.

Passive:- The bird will be killed (by them).

Active:- I can lift it.

Passive:- It can be lifted by me.

Active:- They could solve the problem.

Passive:- The problem could be solved.

Passive of Modal Auxiliary + have + V3

[modal auxiliary + have been + V3]

If the form of Verb Phrase is modal auxiliary + have + V3 in Active Voice, then its form in Passive Voice
will be:-

Active:- We shall have discussed the matter.

Passive:- The matter will have been discussed.

Active:- You should have helped her.

Passive:- She should have been helped (by you).

Active:- I could have beaten her.

Passive:- She could have been beaten by me.