Mathematics Department

Thursday, 1 February 2024

Worksheet 1
Grade 10 - IB Chapter: Quadratic
functions and equations
Name: _____________ Teacher: Kamal Banat

Quadratic functions and equations

The quadratic formula and the discriminant
■ The function f(x) = ax2 + bx + c; a≠ 0, is called a quadratic function.
■ Notice that the highest power of, x in a quadratic function is 2.
■ The simplest quadratic function is y = x2. Its graph can be drawn from a table of values.

Question 1
Draw the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5 from a table of values.

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AXES INTERCEPTS

THE y-INTERCEPT

FINDING x-INTERCEPTS FROM THE FACTORISED FORM

Question 2

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GRAPHS OF THE FORM y = ax2

Question 3

TERMINOLOGY
■ The graph of a quadratic function is called a parabola.

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GRAPHS OF QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS
Question 4

A sketch must show the general shape and key features of the graph.
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Question 6

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AXIS OF SYMMETRY

VERTEX

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Question 7

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Question 8

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AXIS OF SYMMETRY OF y = ax2 + bx + c

Question 9

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Question 10

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AXIS OF SYMMETRY OF y = a(x ‒ h)2 + k

A quadratic function written in the form f(x) = a(x ‒ h)2 + k, a ≠ 0, is said to be in vertex form. The
coordinates of the vertex are (h, k) and the equation of the axis of symmetry x = h.
Question 11
Write down the coordinates of the vertex and the equation of the axis of symmetry for each function:
a f(x) = -3(x - 4)2 + 1 b f(x) = 2(x+ 3)2 - 6
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AXIS OF SYMMETRY OF y = a(x ‒ p)(x ‒ q),

A quadratic function which is written in the form f(x) = a(x - p)(x - q), a ≠ 0, is said to be written in factorized
form (or intercept form). The coordinates of the x-intercepts of the graph are (p, 0) and (q, 0).

𝑝+𝑞
If the x-coordinates of the x-intercepts are p and q then the equation of the axis of symmetry is 𝑥 = 2

𝑝+𝑞 𝑝+𝑞
and the vertex of the graph has coordinates ( ,𝑓( ))
2 2

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Question 12
Find the equation of the axis of symmetry and the coordinates of the x-intercepts, the y-intercept and the
vertex. Use these features to sketch the graph of the parabola.
a f(x) = (x ‒ 4)(x ‒ 2) b f(x) = ‒2(x + 3)(x + 1)
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Question 13

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FINDING A QUADRATIC FROM ITS GRAPH
Question 14

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Question 15

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Question 16

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Question 17

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Question 18

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Question 19

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Question 120

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Changing to general form or factorized form
Question 21

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A quadratic function given in factorized form can be expanded to change it to general form.
Question 22

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Question 23
Let f(x) = (x ‒ 3)2 ‒ 2. Part of the graph of y = f(x) is shown.

a The vertex of the graph of y = f(x) is A.

i Write down the coordinates of A.
ii Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry for the graph of y = f(x)
b Find the equation for the function f in the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c.
c The coordinates of B are (0, q). Write down the value of q.
e The coordinates of C are (p,q). Find the value of p.
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Solving quadratic equations by factorization and completing the square

Question 24 155

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Quadratic equations not given in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 must re-written before solving by factorization.

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Question 25

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Quadratic equations involving perfect squares
Question 26

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Solving equations by completing the square

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Question 27

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The quadratic formula and the discriminant

Question 28

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A quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has discriminant Δ = b2 ‒ 4ac.
The symbol Δ is used to represent the discriminant.
The discriminant can be used to determine (or discriminate) the number and nature of the roots of the
equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, or the number of x-intercepts of the graph of the equation y = ax2 + bx + c.

Question 29

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Question 30

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Applications of quadratics
Question 31
A farmer wishes to enclose a rectangular garden with 100 metres of fencing.
a If the garden is x metres wide, find the length and the area of the garden in terms of x
b Find the width of a garden with an area of 525 m2
c Find the maximum area the garden can have.
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Question 32
The height of a ball t seconds after it is thrown is modeled by the function h = 24t – 4.9t2 + 1,
where h is the height of the ball in metres.
a Find the maximum height reached by the ball.
b For what length of time will the ball be higher than 20 metres?
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Question 33
It takes Luisa 3 hours to ride her bicycle up a hill and back down.
Her average speed riding down the hill is 35 km h−1 faster than her average speed riding up the hill. If the
distance from the bottom to the top of the hill is 40 km, find Luisa’s average uphill and downhill speeds.
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 Exam style questions
1

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2 A rectangle has a length of 23 cm and a width of 16 cm.
If the length is decreased by x cm, and the width is increased by x cm, the area of the new rectangle is 378
cm2. Find the dimensions of the new rectangle.
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3 The formula h = 2 + 14t ‒ 4.9t2 gives the height, h metres, of a ball t seconds after it is thrown.
For how long is the ball in the air?
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5

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6

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7

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9

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10.
A player throws a basketball. The height of the basketball is modelled by
ℎ(𝑡) = −4.75𝑡 2 + 8.75𝑡 + 1.5, 𝑡 ≥ 0,
where ℎ is the height of the basketball above the ground, in metres, and 𝑡 is the time, in seconds, after it was
thrown.

(a) Find how long it takes for the basketball to reach its maximum height. [2]

(b) Assuming that no player catches the basketball, find how long it would take for the basketball
to hit the ground. [2]

Another player catches the basketball when it is at a height of 1.2 metres.

(c) Find the value of 𝑡 when this player catches the basketball. [2]

(d) Write down two limitations of using ℎ(𝑡) to model the height of the basketball. [2]
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Quadratic functions Page 38 of 46

11.
The height of a baseball after it is hit by a bat is modelled by the function
ℎ(𝑡) = −4.8𝑡 2 + 21𝑡 + 1.2
where ℎ(𝑡) is the height in metres above the ground and 𝑡 is the time in seconds after the ball was hit.
(a) Write down the height of the ball above the ground at the instant it is hit by the bat. [1]
(b) Find the value of 𝑡 when the ball hits the ground. [2]
(c) State an appropriate domain for 𝑡 in this model. [2]
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Quadratic functions Page 39 of 46

12.
The cross-section of an arched entrance into the ballroom of a hotel is in the shape of a parabola. This cross-
section can be modelled by part of the graph 𝑦 = −1.6𝑥 2 + 4.48𝑥, where 𝑦 is the height of the archway, in
metres, at a horizontal distance, 𝑥 metres, from the point O, in the bottom corner of the archway.

(a) Determine an equation for the axis of symmetry of the parabola that models the archway. [2]
To prepare for an event, a square-based crate that is 1.6 m wide and 2.0 m high is to be moved
through the archway into the ballroom. The crate must remain upright while it is being moved.
(b) Determine whether the crate will fit through the archway. Justify your answer. [3]
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Quadratic functions Page 40 of 46

13.
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is shown in the diagram. The vertex of
the graph has coordinates (0.5, −12.5). The graph intersects the 𝑥-axis at two points, (−2, 0) and (𝑝, 0).

(a) Find the value of 𝑝. [1]

(b) Find the value of
(i) 𝑎.
(ii) 𝑏.
(iii) 𝑐. [5]
(c) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph. [1]
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Quadratic functions Page 41 of 46
14.
The diagram shows the graph of the quadratic function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , with vertex (−2, 10).

The equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 has two solutions. One of these solutions is 𝑥 = 2.

(a) Write down the other solution of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘. [2]

(b) Complete the table below placing a tick (✔) to show whether the unknown parameters 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
positive, zero or negative. The row for 𝑐 has been completed as an example.

[2]
(c) State the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) is decreasing. [2]
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Quadratic functions Page 42 of 46

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Quadratic functions Page 43 of 46

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Quadratic functions Page 44 of 46

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Quadratic functions Page 45 of 46

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