2022 REVISION OUTLINE FOR GETTING INTO GENES

Key Learning:
 For information please refer to the power point available on the portal and the text
book
 Text Book: Jacaranda Science Quest 10, Chapter 2
 2.1- Patterns, order and organisation: Nuclear Matters
 2.2-DNA – this is your life
 2.3-Unlocking the DNA code
 2.5- Dividing to multiply
 2.7- What are the chances

GENETIC MATERIAL
1. Genetic Material (DNA)
i. DNA is the blueprint for controlling the characteristics of organisms.
ii. The phenotype expressed is affected by the genetic makeup (genotype) of
the individual and the environment
iii. Genes are lengths of DNA which code for the production of specific proteins
iv. Genes are found on chromosomes which are housed in the nucleus of the cell
2. Structure of DNA
i. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a Nucleic Acid
ii. A nucleic acid consists of a phosphate group attached to a pentose sugar unit
connected to a nitrogenous base
iii. It is a double stranded molecule as the nitrogenous bases on one strand form
bonds with the bases on another strand according to the complementary-
base pairing rule. It is wound into a double helix
3. Genes and Protein Synthesis
i. Genes are transcribed into RNA within the nucleus and then translated into a
chain of amino acids at a ribosome in the cytosol of the cell
4. Sex determination
i. Human sex is determined by whether the sex chromosomes are homologous
or whether they are heterosomes.

GENETIC INHERITANCE
1. The Next Generation
i. Alleles are different forms of a gene
ii. How or whether these alleles in our genotype are expressed determines our
phenotype
iii. Dominant traits mask recessive traits so that they may not been seen
2. Mendel's Experiments (pg.34-35)
i. The determination of inheritance is based on the work of Gregor Mendel’s
pea experiments
ii. Genotypes result in a particular Phenotype.
3. Complete Dominance
i. Offspring characteristics can be predicted via patterns of inheritance
4. Co-dominance
i. Blood types
SOME REVISION ACTIVITIES
 Create a glossary
 Answer the checkpoint questions in the power point/ student booklet
 Do the text book questions that are relevant
 Do the worksheets that are available in the student workbook (on the portal) and Jacaranda
(online textbook)
 Make poster of protein synthesis
 Do the Test on the Portal