APA Quick Guide for the 7th edition @ https://camosun.ca.libguides.
com/apa7
Source type
Book or e-book with a DOI
Book or e-book without a DOI,
e-book without DOI from
research databases
Chapter in an edited book
with a DOI
Chapter in an edited book
without a DOI
Article with DOI: from
research databases
Parenthetical/narrative
(Veletsianos, 2020, p. 56)
or
Research by Veletsianos (2020)
demonstrates ”…” (p. 56).
If you have used a direct quote the
page number or other locater is
required; this is optional if you have
paraphrased content
(Ryan, 2017)
or
According to Ryan (2017)…
(Myrow, 2016)
or
Myrow (2016) noted that…
(Watkins & Lask, 2009)
or
Watkins and Lask (2009) proposed…
(Imam et al., 2019).
Reference entry
Veletsianos, G. (2020). Learning online: The student experience. Johns Hopkins.
https://doi.org/10.1353/book/73824
Include the DOI using the format https://doi.org/10.xxxx
Ryan, D. (2017). Understanding digital marketing: Marketing strategies for engaging
the digital generation (4th ed.). Kogan Page.
Myrow, D.L. (2016). Enjoying theraplay with school-aged children. In A. A. Drewes &
C. E. Schaefer (Eds.), Play therapy in middle childhood. (pp. 115-134).
American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14776-000
Watkins, B. & Lask, B. (2009). Defining eating disorders in children. In L. Smolak & J.
K. Thompson (Eds.). Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth:
Assessment, prevention, and treatment (2nd ed., pp. 35-46). American
Psychological Association.
Imam, Z., Khasawneh, M., Jomaa, D., Iftikhar, H., & Sayedahmad, Z. (2019). Drug
induced liver injury attributed to a curcumin supplement. Case Reports in
Gastrointestinal Medicine, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6029403
Do not include the database name or URL for articles from most academic research
databases however, check with your instructor first; they may want you to include
the permalinks* e.g.
https://libsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.
aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=139205464&site=ehost-live
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 APA Quick Guide for the 7th edition @ https://camosun.ca.libguides.com/apa7
Article without DOI:
from research databases
or from a print journal
Article without DOI, with a
nondatabase URL
Article from a newspaper
Webpage, no date
Webpage, with a date
Webpage on a news site
(treated as a webpage, not as
a newspaper article)
Blog post
(Meyers et al., 1992) or
A case study by Meyers et al. (1992)…
Ash (2019) or
Ash (2019) recounted…
Pash (2021) or
Pash (2021) suggests that…
(Environment Canada, n.d.).
(Mayo Clinic, 2018).
(Riches, 2020).
(Pope, 2020).
Meyers, M. C., Calvo, R. D., Sterling, J. C., & Edelstein, D. W. (1992). Delayed
treatment of a malreduced distal femoral epiphyseal plate fracture. Medicine
& Science in Sports & Exercise, 24(12), 1311–1315.
Ash, P. (2019, February 6). Rams athletes talk about their black experience [Special
issue]. The Eyeopener. https://theeyeopener.com/2019/02/ryersons-black-
student-experience/
Pash, G. W. (2021, September 25). Shipbuilding goes back further than 19th
century. Times Colonist.
https://libsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443/login?url=https://www.proquest.com
/newspapers/shipbuilding-goes-back-further-than-19th-
century/docview/2576402838/se-2
Environment Canada. (n.d.). Canadian lightning danger map – Canada. Government
of Canada. Retrieved June 15, 2020 from
https://weather.gc.ca/lightning/index_e.html
A retrieval date is included only if the information is subject to change. In this case,
the webpage is continually updated so it is helpful to include a retrieval date.
Mayo Clinic. (2018, October 6). Massage: Get in touch with its many benefits.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-
depth/massage/art-20045743
When the author and publisher are the same, there is no need to repeat them.
Riches, G. (2020, April 22). How food banks prop up a broken system. The Tyee.
https://thetyee.ca/Opinion/2020/04/22/Food-Banks-Prop-Broken-System/
Pope, T. D. (2020, May 21). Taking a look at cause marketing: Principles and keys to
success. Canadian Marketing Association. https://www.the-
cma.org/hubs#ufh-i-615149469-taking-a-look-at-cause-marketing-principles-
and-keys-to-success
Last update: September 2023
 APA Quick Guide for the 7th edition @ https://camosun.ca.libguides.com/apa7
YouTube or streaming video
Authors
No author: move the title to
the author position before the
date
One author
Two authors
List both authors each time.
Three or more authors, up to
20 authors
(Fogarty, 2019).
To directly quote from a video add a
time stamp for the beginning of the
quote to your in-text citation.
(Fogarty, 2019, 4:22)
Parenthetical/narrative
(“Meeting Etiquette,” 2018).
The title is capitalized and within
double quotation marks.
(Klein, 2019).
or
Klein (2019) maintains…
(Stec & Arbour, 2020)
or
Stec and Arbour (2020) suggested…
(Ptomey et al., 2019).
List the first author only followed by et
al.
Fogarty, M. [Grammar Girl]. (2019, September 9). Verbing Nouns. 'It Is I' or 'It Is
Me'? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hY3cJ66O9QM
General rules:
 Include the author’s real name and their username if available i.e., Grammar
Girl
 Include YouTube as the publisher
Reference entry
Meeting etiquette tips. (2018, April 25). Stanford University IT.
https://uit.stanford.edu/videoconferencing/meeting-etiquette
Only if a work is actually designated as “Anonymous” then you can use Anonymous
as the author.
Klein, N. (2019). On fire: The burning case for a green new deal. Alfred A. Knopf
Canada.
Stec, M., & Arbour, M. W. (2020). Wellness and disease self-management mobile
health apps evaluated by the Mobile Application Rating Scale. Advances in
Family Practice Nursing, 2, 87–102.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfpn.2020.01.003
Ptomey, L. T., Vidoni, E. D., Montenegro-Montenegro, E., Thompson, M. A., Sherman,
J. R., Gorczyca, A. M., Greene, J. L., Washburn, R. A., & Donnelly, J. E. (2019).
The feasibility of remotely delivered exercise session in adults with
Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers. Journal of Aging & Physical Activity,
27(5), 670–677. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2018-0298
List all the authors in the Reference entry.
Last update: September 2023
 APA Quick Guide for the 7th edition @ https://camosun.ca.libguides.com/apa7

21 or more authors
(Guida et al., 2019).
List the first author only followed by et
al.
Guida, J. L., Ahles, T. A., Belsky, D., Campisi, J., Cohen, H. J., DeGregori, J., Fuldner, R.,
Ferrucci, L., Gallicchio, L., Gavrilov, L., Gavrilova, N., Green, P. A., Jhappan, C.,
Kohanski, R., Krull, K., Mandelblatt, J., Ness, K. K., O’Mara, A., Price, N., …
Hurria, A. (2019). Measuring aging and identifying aging phenotypes in
cancer survivors. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 111(12), 1245–
1254. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djz136

Group (corporate) author with
abbreviation
List the first 19 authors, then insert three dots (ellipsis …) and add the last author’s
name. In this example, there were 24 contributing authors.
First mention: Canadian Mental Health Association. (2019, May). Cohesive, collaborative, collective:
(Canadian Mental Health Association Advancing mental health promotion in Canada. https://cmha.ca/wp-
[CMHA], 2019). content/uploads/2019/05/MHP-Full-Paper-FINAL-EN.pdf

Subsequent: Do not include an abbreviation for a group author in the reference list entry.
(CMHA, 2019) …

Use the full name throughout in your

Author in a secondary or
indirect source (When an
author quotes another
author).
in-text references if there is no formal
abbreviation of the group author.
(West, 1993, as cited in Hackley, Hackley, C. (2003). How divergent beliefs cause account team conflict. International
2003). Journal of Advertising, 22(3), 313–331.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2003.11072856
or
You only cite the source you used in your Reference list.
West (1993) found that … (as cited in
Hackley, 2003).

Last update: September 2023