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Water Piping System in

Buildings

Md. Abu Safayet

Assistant Professor
Dept. of Building Engineering and Construction Management
Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET)
Khulna-9203, Bangladesh
Email- abusafayet@gmail.com
  The distribution of water within a building from the city mains or
other sources such as ground water, can be obtained by several
piping systems.
 Such piping systems must, however be designed to provide uniform
flow and pressure in all floors.

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
  In this system, water is supplied to all fixtures at all floor levels of a building
directly from the city main, through the house connection
 Such a system is, however, successful only when the water supply is
available at adequate pressure round the clock.
 This system is suitable for countries that maintain high standards for water
supply,
 This system is very conventional and economical to users, as it avoids the
necessity of storage tanks, pumping sets, etc.
 Even in such a system, separate provision of supplying stored over head
water to closets and urinals is sometimes made to ensure supply to these
fixtures in case of accidental low pressure or breakdown in the city mains.

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
  In many cities, the water pressure in the municipal mains is sufficient to
make the water reach up to 3-4 stories or higher, but only for a limited period
in the mornings and evenings.
 To meet the water requirement during non-supply hours, water is stored in
overhead tanks.
 Supply to kitchens is taken from the direct main, while supply to taps for
bathing and flashing etc. is taken from the overhead tank.
 In such a system, drinking water has to be stored by the consumer in his
vessels everyday during hours of direct supply.
 This system is very common in Bangladesh houses and even in smaller
hotels and restaurants.

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
  When the municipal water supplies is low pressure, then it becomes
necessary to store water in underground tanks.
 The water collected in the underground is finally lifted to the overhead tank
 Direct supply connections may also be made to the lower stories, as to
obtain at least some amount of direct supply for drinking purposes;
otherwise in all higher floors, the stored water will have to be used even for
drinking purposes.
 Ordinary 2-3 storied houses will therefore install a direct as well as an under
ground overhead tank supply system
 For multi Storied tall buildings firstly collect water in underground storage
then it lifted up to overhead storage.

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
  Water can be distributed by an automatic pumping system (such as a
hydro pneumatic system) directly to the supply point, similar to that
shown for direct supply.
 The pressure in the system is boosted by pumping sets that pump
water from an under ground/ground level tanks.
 The main advantage of such a system lies in the fact that it eliminates
the need for overhead tanks.
 In hot climate regions, the water supplied from overhead tanks
becomes too warm, while in cold regions, it may freeze. A pumped
system in such situations is more reliable .

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
  Many new pumping systems have been developed for special applications
and usages.
 Continuous running systems supply directly to the point of use where the
demand for water is connected and matches with the pump capacity .
Typical examples are : air conditioning cooling towers; steam boilers, and
industrial processes having a uniform water demand.
 Modern system include variable speed pumping systems, high pressure
systems, etc.

Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET
 Md.
Md. Abu Safayet, Abu Safayet,
Assistant Lecturer,
Professor, Department
Department of Building
of Building Engineering
Engineering and &Construction
ConstructionManagement,
Management,KUET
KUET