Sainik School Chittorgarh, Raj.

CLASS: XI SUBJECT: Physics

Name of the Teacher: Mr Onkar singh
Competency Analyzing the natural phenomena and its regularity in the
Standard mechanics of particles.

Analyzing straight-line motions, circular motions and projectile

Based Competencies motion by vector analysis.

1). Analyzing position and displacement of rectilinear motions by

using vectors.
Indicators
2). Analyzing velocity and acceleration of rectilinear motion by
using vectors.

I Lesson Purposes The students be able to:

1). Represent position vector of a particle in two dimension x-y
plane by using vector.
2). Determine the distance of a particle from the origin.
3). Determine both magnitude and direction of particle’s
displacement.
4). Calculate both average and instantaneous velocity of
particle.
5). Find the position of particle from velocity function.
6). Calculate the acceleration of particle.
7). Find the velocity of particle from a – t graph.
8). Determine velocity equation from acceleration equation.

II Lesson Materials 1. Position Vector

The position of particle in x-y plane (two dimension) by
using vector is represented by the equation:
r = xi + yj
The distance of particle from the origin is,
|r|=

2. Displacement
Displacement is change of position of particle in an
interval time.
Δr = r2 – r1
Δr = (x2 i + y2 j) – (x1 i + y1 j)
Δr = Δx i + Δy j

Magnitude of displacement is,

 | Δr | =
The direction of displacement toward the horizontal axis,
tan θ =

3. Velocity
 Average Velocity

The magnitude of velocity (speed) is,

The direction of velocity toward the horizontal axis,

tan θ =
 Instantaneous Velocity
The instantaneous velocity can be expressed as the first
derivative of a positional function. Mathematically can
written as,

4. Acceleration
 Average Acceleration

The magnitude of velocity (speed) is,

 Instantaneous acceleration

The instantaneous acceleration is the second derivative

of positional function.

5. Finding position of particle from velocity function

 For each axis,

6. Finding velocity of particle from acceleration function

7. Finding displacement and velocity from the graph.

v
Displacement = area under
v-t graph.

Velocity = area under a-t

a graph
t

III Lesson Method / Cooperative Learning with Small Group Discussion (SGD)
Lesson Model

IV Stage of Learning A.Pre Activities

1). Manage class condition
2). Check the students attendance
3). Do small review about the last lesson
4). Explain the topic and the purposes of the lesson
 5). The students are directed to make groups of 4 members
with neighborhood seated (called as Home Groups)

B. Main Activities
1). Give an ID number (1 to 4) to each of the home group
member
2). Distribute sub of lesson material (1,2,3,4,5) to the
home group members who has matching ID number
and go to the new group that called as division group
3). Discuss the lesson materials in the division group itself
4). Present the materials in front of the class
5). Make summary of the discussion materials and
necessary correction from the teacher
6). Back to the home group to share the materials has
learned

C. Ending Activities
1). Final review
2). Pre face to the next lesson
3). Lesson closing.
V Assessment 1. A particle has position at coordinate (3,6) meters at t1 = 0
second and at a position of (6,12) at t2 = 4.0 seconds.
Represent both of initial and final position vector.

2. The position of an object in x-y plane is represented by,

r = (2t + 1) i + (4t2 + 2)j. Determine the distance of object
from the origin at t = 2 seconds.

3. The position of a particle is given by, r = (t3+2t2) i + (2t2)j

where t in second and r in meters. Find the magnitude and
the direction of particle’s displacement when t = 2 seconds
until t = 3 seconds!

4. An object moves in such a way that is displacement

satisfies an equation of, r = (3t2 + 6t) i + (4t) j, r in meters
and t in seconds. Determine,
a. Average velocity of object between t =1 s and t = 3 s
b. Instantaneous velocity at t = 3 s.

5. Someone throws a stone vertically with an initial velocity

of 60 m/s. The stone decelerates gradually due to
gravitational acceleration. The velocity of the stone can be
expressed as a function of time, that is v = 60 – 10 t,
where t is in second and v in meter per second. Find the
position of stone in t = 3 seconds.

6. An experiment shows that a rocket moving along x-axis

satisfies an equation, x = 5t + 8t2 +4t3 – 0.25t4 meters.
 Determine the acceleration of rockets at t = 2 seconds!

7. A particle is moving from rest and experiencing an

acceleration described as the graph below.
a (m/s2)
10

0 t (s)
2 6

Find the velocity of particle when t = 6 seconds.

8. The acceleration of a particle at time t is given by,

a = 4t i – 6 j m/s2. If the initial velocity of particle is 2 i ,
find the vector and magnitude of the velocity at t = 2 s.
Solution.

1. Position vector of particle is represented by general

equation, r = x i + y j.
The initial position of particle, r1 = 3 i + 6 j
The final position of particle, r2 = 6 i + 12 j

2. The distance of object from origin is,

|r| =
The position vector of particle at t = 2 seconds is,
r = (2(2) + 1) i + (4(22) + 2) j
r = 5 i + 18 j
Then,
|r| =
= meters.

3. When t1=2 s → r1 = (23 + 2(22)) i + (2(22)) j

= 16 i + 8 j
t2=3 s → r2 = (33 + 2(32)) i + (2(32)) j
= 45 i + 18 j
Hence, Δr = r2 - r1 = (45 i + 18 j) – (16 i + 8 j)
= 29 i + 10 j

|Δr| = = = 30.67 meters

tan θ =  θ = arc tan = 190

4. When t1=1 s → r1 = (3 (12) + 6(1)) i + (4(1)) j

=9i+4j
t2=3 s → r2 = (3 (32) + 6(3)) i + (4(3)) j
= 45 i + 12 j
a. Average velocity
 b. Instantaneous velocity

When t = 3 s →

5. The position vector of stone (yo = 0) is,

When t = 3s  meters

6. The acceleration of object,

When t = 2 s,  m/s2.

7. Velocity of particle can be found from the graph a – t.

Where the velocity of particle is equal to the area under the
graph acceleration versus time (a – t)
Then, area of trapezium
m/s

8. The initial velocity v0 = 2 i , the final velocity of particle is

When t = 2 s, 

The magnitude of velocity (speed) is,

= 15.62 m/s