4th Quarter

A.Y 2023 - 2024

ENGLISH
Active and Passive voice 4. Pronouns used as subjects will be converted to their
objective case counterpart
Active Voice

 Used when we want the reader to focus on the

agent and its action rather than the result of the
action

Passive Voice

 Used when we want to emphasize the result of

the action and not its agent
Active to Passive Construction and Vice-Versa 5. Since passive voice focuses on the receiver of the
1. Identify the following: action, the by phrase can be omitted

 Subject
 Verb
 Object

More examples

2. Identify the verb tense. Make the necessary

changes of the verb form. Remember that only the
verb form changes; the verb tense will be maintained

Passive voice is also be used in infinitive phrases.

e.g., To be loved is the greatest manifestation of
bliss

Direct and Indirect speech

3. Invert the position of subject and object by making Direct Speech

the subject the object of the preposition ‘by.’
 involves the exact and original words of a speaker
 is enclosed by a pair of quotation marks
 4th Quarter
A.Y 2023 - 2024
ENGLISH
Indirect Speech 5. Modals, time, and place expressions change when
reporting statements
 Reported Speech
 involves the represented words of a speaker

Direct to reported speech and vice versa

1. Use reporting verbs both in direct and reported

speech
Changes of time and place expressions

2. The verb tense changes in reported speech

3. For statements that are always true, the verb tense

does not change; scientific facts

4. For reporting yes-no questions, if is used. For wh

questions, the wh word is used instead