Course project

Design of Rooftop Solar PV Power System

College Of Engineering Karunagappally

Submitted by,

Aaron c reji
KNP21EE001

Abhi Aravind
KNP21EE003

Ahsana Khalid
KNP21EE004

Arjun v
KNP21EE004
 INTRODUCTION

Aroof top solar power system or rooftop PV

system, is a photovoltaic
mounted on
(PV)system that has its electricity generating solar panels
or structure. The
the rooftop of a residential or commercial building
photovoltaic modules,
various components of such a system include
other electrical
mounting systems, cables, solar inverters and
accessories.
utility-scale solar
Roof top mounted systems are small compared to
in the
ground- mounted photovoltaic power stations with capacities
.Most
megawatt range, hence being a form of distributed generation
rooftop PV stations are Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems
.Rooftop PV systems on residential buildings typically feature a
capacity of about 5- 20kilowatts (kw), while those mounted on
commercial buildings often reach 100kilowatts to I Megawatt (MW).
Very large roofs can house industrial scale PV systems in the range of
1-10Megawatts. The solar panels convert solar energy in the form of
light into electricity in DC form(Direct Current) The DC electrical
energy is converted to AC(Alternate Current) power by the
inverter/power conditioning unit which is connected to the power grid
through AC distribution board.
 LOAD SPECIFICATION

3 ceiling fan- 230v, 60 w work for 8hrs/day

1 AC- 220-240v, 5 4 Ow, Samp work for 8hrs/day
1 mixer- 240v, 500w,work for 1hrs/day
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

seler lrradiance
from t e Sun

Selar Electtic Charge

Pools) Current Controller

Jnvertet
(and/or )

mixer celling AC
fan
 THEORY
Solar PV rooftop system is basically a small power plant
at your rooftop. The Roof Top Solar Photo Voltaic (PV)
mainly consists of three major components. These are
the solar PV modules, mounting structure for the
modules and the inverter or power conditioning units
such as loads and batteries.
Solar PV modules form an array and it requires a
mounting structure to hold PV modules at the required
angle for maximized generation. The solar panels convert
solar energy in the form of light into electricity in DC form
(Direct Current).
This DC is then made to pass through a MPPT which gives
the DC a further increase of 30%. This stepped-up DC is
then fed to the batteries that store them and these
batteries supply them to the various loads through the
inverter. The DC electrical energy is converted to AC
(Alternate Current) power by the inverter. The ACpower
panel
output can be measured through metering
run the
connected to it. The output AC is used to
appliances.
 DESIGN
STEP 1-Load Estimation

The load refers to any appliance that needs to be powered by the pv system. Total load = no of
units*rating of equipmentshours Consumed =(60*3*8)+(540*1*8+(500*1*1)=626OWh
STEP 2-Sizing of electronic components

The electronic component include inverter, MPPT/charge controller, battery

Inverter Selection:

The inverter should be selected as it should supply the desired power to the load
MPPT Selection:

It should be chosen as per the required input and output voltage and current of load and battery. The
chosen MPPT should be able to handle the current and voltage that are likely to flow in the system
Battery Selection:
The inverters and converters would have some losses because they will have less than 100% efficiency.
Therefore we have to choose batteries in such a way that they should not only supply the power and
energy required by the load but also compensate for the losses of the other to components.
INVERTER CAPACITY:

Vp Va=(total power/efficiency)"100
Here total power = (60*3*8+(540*1*8)+(500*1*1)=6260Wh
Here we assume the efficiency to be 94%

Total energy =(total load/efficiency) *100

= (6260/94)*100 = 6659.57Wh
Thus an inverter with 650Ová24V is chosen

Charge controller/ MPPT:

Energy = 6659.57Wh

Wattage=1031
Take the system voltage to be =24v
Maximum current=1031/24 = 42.9A

Thus the following MPPT is considered with following specs:

Nominal system voltage =12/24 (autodetect)
Rated charge current=44A

Maximum pv input power=1048W/24V

Operating temperature = -35 to 45 degree celcius

Step 3-Battery Sizing

Energy = 6659.57*2 =13319.14Wh

(as 1 day autonomy is considered energy stored is doubled)
System voltage = 24v
Battery capacity = 8368.04/24=348.66Ah
DOD=50%
Actual battery capacity
= 348.66/0.5 = 697.33Ah

Thus a battery with more than 700Ah capacity is chosen

Energy from SPV module = total energy/battery efficiency = (6659/96)*100 = 6936.45Wh
(battery with 96% efficiency is considered)
SPV module wattage = energy from spvmodule/number of sunshine hours = 6936/4.5 =1541.4w

Step 5-Selection of pvmodules

200Wp Pymodule is used
No of modules = SPV module wattage /200 =1541.43/200 =7.707modules =7.7modules