1. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.

A particle moves in a straight line. The velocity, 𝑣 ms−1 , of the particle at time 𝑡 seconds is given
by 𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑡 sin 𝑡 − 3, for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 10.

The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑣.

(a) Find the smallest value of 𝑡 for which the particle is at rest.

[2]

Markscheme

recognising 𝑣 = 0 (M1) 𝑡 = 6.74416 … = 6.74 (sec) A1 Note: Do not

award A1 if additional values are given. [2 marks]

(b) Find the total distance travelled by the particle.

[2]

Markscheme
 10 6.74416… 9.08837… 10
∫0 |𝑣 |𝑡|| 𝑑𝑡 OR − ∫0 𝑣 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 + ∫6.74416… 𝑣 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 − ∫9.08837… 𝑣 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
(A1) = 37.0968 … = 37.1 (m) A1 [2 marks]

(c) Find the acceleration of the particle when 𝑡 = 7.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing acceleration at 𝑡 = 7 is given by 𝑣′(7) (M1) acceleration =

5.93430 … = 5.93 (ms−2 ) A1 [2 marks]

2. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.9

Consider the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 90e−0.5𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ .

The graph of 𝑓 and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 intersect at point P.

(a) Find the 𝑥-coordinate of P.

[2]

Markscheme

Attempt to find the point of intersection of the graph of 𝑓 and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥
(M1) 𝑥 = 5.56619 … = 5.57 A1 [2 marks]

The line 𝐿 has a gradient of −1 and is a tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at the point Q.

(b) Find the exact coordinates of Q.

[4]

Markscheme

𝑓′(𝑥) = −45e−0.5𝑥 A1 attempt to set the gradient of 𝑓 equal to −1 (M1)

1
−45e−0.5𝑥 = -1 Q has coordinates (2 ln 45, 2) (accept (−2 ln 45 , 2) A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each value, even if the answer is not given as a
coordinate pair.
1
ln ln 45
45
Do not accept −0.5 or 0.5
as a final value for 𝑥. Do not accept 2.0 or 2.00 as a
final value for 𝑦.
[4 marks]

(c) Show that the equation of 𝐿 is 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2.

[2]
 Markscheme

attempt to substitute coordinates of Q (in any order) into an appropriate equation

(M1) 𝑦 − 2 = −(𝑥 − 2 ln 45) OR 2 = −2 ln 45 + 𝑐 A1 equation
of 𝐿 is 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2 AG [2 marks]

The shaded region 𝐴 is enclosed by the graph of 𝑓 and the lines 𝑦 = 𝑥 and 𝐿.

(d.i) Find the 𝑥-coordinate of the point where 𝐿 intersects the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.

[1]

Markscheme

𝑥 = ln 45 + 1(= 4.81) A1 [1 mark]

(d.ii) Hence, find the area of 𝐴.

[4]

Markscheme

appropriate method to find the sum of two areas using integrals of the difference
5.566…
of two functions (M1) Note: Allow absence of incorrect limits. ∫4.806… (𝑥 −
7.613…
(−𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2)) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫5.566… (90e−0.5𝑥 − (−𝑥 + 2 ln 45 + 2)) 𝑑𝑥 (A1)(A1)
Note: Award A1 for one correct integral expression including correct limits and
integrand.
 Award A1 for a second correct integral expression including correct
limits and integrand. = 1.52196 … = 1.52 A1 [4 marks]

(e) The line 𝐿 is tangent to the graphs of both 𝑓 and the inverse function 𝑓 −1.

Find the shaded area enclosed by the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑓 −1 and the line 𝐿.

[2]

Markscheme

by symmetry 2 × 1.52 … (M1) = 3.04 A1 Note: Accept any answer that

rounds to 3.0 (but do not accept 3). [2 marks]

3. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.1

(a) Find ∫ (6𝑥 + 7)𝑑𝑥.

[3]

Markscheme

correct integration 3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 𝑐 A1A1A1 Note: Award A1 for 3𝑥 2 , A1 for

7𝑥 and A1 for +𝑐 [3 marks]

(b) Given 𝑓′(𝑥) = 6𝑥 + 7 and 𝑓(1.2) = 7.32, find 𝑓(𝑥).

[3]
 Markscheme

recognition that 𝑓(𝑥) = ∫ 𝑓′(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 (M1) 3(1.2)2 + 7(1.2) + 𝑐 = 7.32 (A1)

𝑐 = −5.4 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 5.4 A1 [3 marks]

4. 20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_10
6𝑥
Consider a function 𝑓(𝑥), for 𝑥 ≥ 0. The derivative of 𝑓 is given by 𝑓′(𝑥) = .
𝑥 2 +4

24−6𝑥 2
(a) Show that 𝑓''(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 +4)2.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
𝑣𝑢′−𝑢𝑣′
evidence of choosing the quotient rule (M1) eg 𝑣2
derivative of 6𝑥 is 6
2
(must be seen in rule) (A1) derivative of 𝑥 + 4 is 2𝑥 (must be seen in rule)
6(𝑥 2 +4)−(6𝑥)(2𝑥)
(A1) correct substitution into the quotient rule A1 eg (𝑥 2 +4)2
24−6𝑥 2
𝑓''(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 +4)2 AG N0 METHOD 2 evidence of choosing the product rule
(M1) eg 𝑣𝑢′ + 𝑢𝑣′ derivative of 6𝑥 is 6 (must be seen in rule) (A1)
derivative of (𝑥 2 + 4)−1 is −2𝑥(𝑥 2 + 4)−2 (must be seen in rule) (A1) correct
substitution into the product rule A1 eg 6(𝑥 2 + 4)−1 + (−1)(6𝑥)(2𝑥)(𝑥 2 +
24−6𝑥 2
4)−2 𝑓''(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 +4)2 AG N0 [4 marks]

The graph of 𝑓 is concave-down when 𝑥 > 𝑛.

(b) Find the least value of 𝑛.

[2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (2nd derivative) (M1) valid approach eg 𝑓'' < 0, 24 − 6𝑥 2 <

0 , 𝑛 = ±2, 𝑥 = 2 𝑛 = 2 (exact) A1 N2 METHOD 2 (1st derivative) valid
attempt to find local maximum on 𝑓′ (M1) eg sketch with max
indicated, (2, 1.5), 𝑥 = 2 𝑛 = 2 (exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]

6𝑥
(c) Find ∫ 𝑥 2 +4
d𝑥.

[3]
 Markscheme

evidence of valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1) eg

1 1 6𝑥
∫ 3(2𝑥) 𝑢 d𝑥 , 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 4 , d𝑢 = 2𝑥 d𝑥 , ∫ 3 × (𝑢) d𝑢 ∫ (𝑥2 +4) d𝑥 = 3 ln(𝑥 2 + 4) + 𝑐
2

A2 N3 [3 marks]

(d) Let 𝑅 be the region enclosed by the graph of 𝑓, the 𝑥-axis and the lines 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 3. The
area of 𝑅 is 19.6, correct to three significant figures.

Find 𝑓(𝑥).

[7]

Markscheme
3
recognizing that area = ∫1 𝑓 (𝑥)d𝑥 (seen anywhere) (M1) recognizing that
their answer to (c) is their 𝑓(𝑥) (accept absence of 𝑐) (M1) eg 𝑓(𝑥) =
3
3 ln(𝑥 + 4) + 𝑐 , 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 ln(𝑥 + 4) correct value for ∫1 3 ln(𝑥 2 + 4)d𝑥 (seen
2 2
3
anywhere) (A1) eg 12.4859 correct integration for ∫1 𝑐 d𝑥 (seen anywhere)
(A1) [𝑐𝑥]13 , 2𝑐 adding their integrated expressions and equating to 19.6 (do not
accept an expression which involves an integral) (M1) eg 12.4859 + 2𝑐 =
19.6 , 2𝑐 = 7.114 𝑐 = 3.55700 (A1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 ln(𝑥 2 + 4) + 3.56 A1 N4 [7
marks]

5. 20N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4

Hyungmin designs a concrete bird bath. The bird bath is supported by a pedestal. This is shown
in the diagram.
The interior of the bird bath is in the shape of a cone with radius 𝑟, height ℎ and a constant slant
height of 50 cm.

(a) Write down an equation in 𝑟 and ℎ that shows this information.

[1]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
ℎ2 + 𝑟 2 = 502 (or equivalent) (A1)

Note: Accept equivalent expressions such as 𝑟 = √2500 − ℎ2 or ℎ = √2500 − 𝑟 2 .

Award (A0) for a final answer of ±√2500 − ℎ2 or ±√2500 − 𝑟 2 , or any further
incorrect working.
[1 mark]

Let 𝑉 be the volume of the bird bath.

2500πℎ πℎ 3
(b) Show that 𝑉 = 3
− 3
.

[1]
 Markscheme

1 1 2
3
× 𝜋 × (2500 − ℎ2 ) × ℎ OR 3 × 𝜋 × (√2500 − ℎ2 ) × ℎ (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in the volume of cone formula.
2500πℎ πℎ 3
𝑉= 3 − 3 (AG)
Note: The final line must be seen, with no incorrect working, for the (M1) to be
awarded.
[1 mark]

d𝑉
(c) Find .
dℎ

[2]

Markscheme

d𝑉 2500𝜋
( =) − πℎ2 (A1)(A1)
dℎ 3
2500𝜋
Note: Award (A1) for 3
, (A1) for −πℎ2 . Award at most (A1)(A0) if extra terms
3πℎ 2
are seen. Award (A0) for the term − .
3
[2 marks]

Hyungmin wants the bird bath to have maximum volume.

(d) Using your answer to part (c), find the value of ℎ for which 𝑉 is a maximum.

[2]

Markscheme
2500𝜋
0 = 3 − πℎ2 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating their derivative to zero. Follow through from part
(c).
d𝑉
OR sketch of dℎ (M1)
d𝑉
Note: Award (M1) for a labelled sketch of dℎ with the curve/axes correctly labelled
or the 𝑥-intercept explicitly indicated.
2500 50 50√3
(ℎ =) 28.9 (cm) (√ , 3, 3 , 28.8675 … ) (A1)(ft)
3 √
Note: An unsupported 28.9 cm is awarded no marks. Graphing the function 𝑉(ℎ)
is not an acceptable method and (M0)(A0) should be awarded. Follow through
from part (c). Given the restraints of the question, ℎ ≥ 50 is not possible.
[2 marks]

(e) Find the maximum volume of the bird bath.

[2]
 Markscheme

2500×𝜋×28.8675… 𝜋(28.8675… )3 1
(𝑉 =) − (M1) OR 𝜋(40.828 … )2 × 28.8675 …
3 3 3
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting their 28.8675 … in the volume formula.
(𝑉 =) 50400 (cm3 ) (50383.3 … ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from part (d).
[2 marks]

(f) To prevent leaks, a sealant is applied to the interior surface of the bird bath.

Find the surface area to be covered by the sealant, given that the bird bath has maximum
volume.

[3]

Markscheme

(𝑆 =) 𝜋 × √2500 − (28.8675 … )2 × 50 (A1)(ft)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for their correct radius seen
(40.8248 … , √2500 − (28.8675 … )2 ).
Award (M1) for correctly substituted curved surface area formula for a cone.
(𝑆 =) 6410 (cm2 ) (6412.74 … ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (d).
[3 marks]

6. 19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_10

A rocket is travelling in a straight line, with an initial velocity of 140 m s−1. It accelerates to a new
velocity of 500 m s−1 in two stages.

During the first stage its acceleration, 𝑎 m s−2, after 𝑡 seconds is given by 𝑎(𝑡) = 240 sin(2𝑡),
where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝑘.

(a) Find an expression for the velocity, 𝑣 m s−1, of the rocket during the first stage.

[4]

Markscheme

recognizing that 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑎 (M1) correct integration A1 eg

−120 cos(2𝑡) + 𝑐 attempt to find 𝑐 using their 𝑣(𝑡) (M1) eg
−120 cos(0) + 𝑐 = 140 𝑣(𝑡) = −120 cos(2𝑡) + 260 A1 N3 [4 marks]

The first stage continues for 𝑘 seconds until the velocity of the rocket reaches 375 m s−1.

(b) Find the distance that the rocket travels during the first stage.
 [4]

Markscheme

evidence of valid approach to find time taken in first stage (M1) eg

graph, −120 cos(2𝑡) + 260 = 375 𝑘 = 1.42595 A1 attempt to substitute
1.42595
their 𝑣 and/or their limits into distance formula (M1) eg ∫0 |𝑣|,
𝑘
∫ 260 − 120 cos(2𝑡), ∫0 (260 − 120 cos(2𝑡)) d𝑡 353.608 distance is 354 (m)
A1 N3 [4 marks]

(c) During the second stage, the rocket accelerates at a constant rate. The distance which the
rocket travels during the second stage is the same as the distance it travels during the first
stage.

Find the total time taken for the two stages.

[6]

Markscheme

recognizing velocity of second stage is linear (seen anywhere) R1 eg

1
graph, 𝑠 = 2 ℎ(𝑎 + 𝑏), 𝑣 = 𝑚𝑡 + 𝑐 valid approach (M1) eg ∫𝑣 =
1
353.608 correct equation (A1) eg ℎ(375 + 500) = 353.608 time for
2
stage two = 0.808248 (0.809142 from 3 sf) A2 2.23420 (2.23914 from 3 sf)
2.23 seconds (2.24 from 3 sf) A1 N3 [6 marks]

7. 19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_8

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 54𝑥 2 + 60𝑥, for −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6. The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑓.
There are 𝑥-intercepts at 𝑥 = 0 and at 𝑥 = 𝑝. There is a maximum at point A where 𝑥 = 𝑎, and a
point of inflexion at point B where 𝑥 = 𝑏.

(a) Find the value of 𝑝.

[2]

Markscheme

evidence of valid approach (M1) eg 𝑓(𝑥) = 0, 𝑦 = 0 1.13843 𝑝 = 1.14

A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b.i) Write down the coordinates of A.

[2]

Markscheme

0.562134, 16.7641 (0.562, 16.8) A2 N2 [2 marks]

 (b.ii) Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at A.

[2]

Markscheme

valid approach (M1) eg tangent at maximum point is horizontal, 𝑓 ′ = 0 𝑦 =

16.8 (must be an equation) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(c.i) Find the coordinates of B.

[5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (using GDC) valid approach M1 eg 𝑓 ″ = 0, max/min on 𝑓 ′ ,

′ ″
𝑥 = −3 sketch of either 𝑓 or 𝑓 , with max/min or root (respectively) (A1) 𝑥 =
3 A1 N1 substituting their 𝑥 value into 𝑓 (M1) eg 𝑓(3) 𝑦 = −225
(exact) (accept (3, − 225)) A1 N1 METHOD 2 (analytical) 𝑓 ″ = 12𝑥 2 −
108 A1 valid approach (M1) eg 𝑓 ″ = 0, 𝑥 = ±3 𝑥 = 3 A1 N1
substituting their 𝑥 value into 𝑓 (M1) eg 𝑓(3) 𝑦 = −225 (exact)
(accept (3, − 225)) A1 N1 [5 marks]

(c.ii) Find the rate of change of 𝑓 at B.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing rate of change is 𝑓 ′ (M1) eg 𝑦 ′ , 𝑓 ′ (3) rate of change is −156

(exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(d) Let 𝑅 be the region enclosed by the graph of 𝑓, the 𝑥-axis and the lines 𝑥 = 𝑝 and 𝑥 = 𝑏. The
region 𝑅 is rotated 360º about the 𝑥-axis. Find the volume of the solid formed.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute either their limits or the function into volume formula
3
(M1) eg ∫1.14 𝑓 2 , 𝜋∫ (𝑥 4 − 54𝑥 2 + 60𝑥)2 d𝑥, 25 752.0 80 902.3 volume =
80 900 A2 N3 [3 marks]

8. 19N.2.SL.TZ0.S_3

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 8, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 3 and ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)).

 (a) Find ℎ(𝑥).

[2]

Markscheme

attempt to form composite (in any order) (M1) eg 𝑓(𝑥 4 − 3), (𝑥 − 8)4 − 3
ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 11 A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b) Let C be a point on the graph of ℎ. The tangent to the graph of ℎ at C is parallel to the graph
of 𝑓.

Find the 𝑥-coordinate of C.

[5]

Markscheme

recognizing that the gradient of the tangent is the derivative (M1) eg ℎ′

correct derivative (seen anywhere) (A1) ℎ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 correct value for gradient
′ (𝑥)
of 𝑓 (seen anywhere) (A1) 𝑓 = 1, 𝑚 = 1 setting their derivative equal to
3 1
1 (M1) 4𝑥 3 = 1 0.629960 𝑥 = √4 (exact), 0.630 A1 N3 [5 marks]

9. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.S_9
16
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = . The line 𝐿 is tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 8.
𝑥

(a) Find the gradient of 𝐿.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to find 𝑓 ′ (8) (M1) eg 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) , 𝑦 ′ , −16𝑥 −2 −0.25 (exact) A1 N2 [2
marks]

8
𝐿 can be expressed in the form r = ( ) + 𝑡u.
2
(b) Find u.

[2]

Markscheme
 u null or any scalar multiple A2 N2 [2 marks]

1
The direction vector of 𝑦 = 𝑥 is ( ).
1
(c) Find the acute angle between 𝑦 = 𝑥 and 𝐿.

[5]

Markscheme

correct scalar product and magnitudes (A1)(A1)(A1) scalar product =

1 × 4 + 1 × −1 (= 3) magnitudes = √1 + 1 , √42 + (−1)2 (= √2, √17)
2 2
4−1
substitution of their values into correct formula (M1) eg 2 2 2 2
,
√1 +1 √4 +(−1)
−3
, 2.1112, 120.96° 1.03037 , 59.0362° angle = 1.03 , 59.0° A1 N4 [5
√ √17
2
marks]

(d.i) Find (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥).

[3]

Markscheme

16 16
attempt to form composite (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) (M1) eg 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥)) , 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , 𝑓(𝑥)
correct
16 𝑥
working (A1) eg 16 , 16 × 16 (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥 A1 N2 [3 marks]
𝑥

(d.ii) Hence, write down 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

[1]

Markscheme
16 16 16
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 (accept 𝑦 = 𝑥 , 𝑥 ) A1 N1
Note: Award A0 in part (ii) if part (i) is incorrect.
16
Award A0 in part (ii) if the candidate has found 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 by interchanging 𝑥
and 𝑦.
[1 mark]

(d.iii) Hence or otherwise, find the obtuse angle formed by the tangent line to 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 8 and the
tangent line to 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 2.

[3]
 Markscheme

METHOD 1 recognition of symmetry about 𝑦 = 𝑥 (M1) eg (2, 8) ⇔ (8,

2) evidence
of doubling their angle (M1)
eg 2 × 1.03, 2 × 59.0 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06 (radians) (118 degrees) A1 N2
METHOD 2
finding direction vector for tangent line at 𝑥 = 2 (A1)
−1 1
eg ( ), ( ) substitution of their values into correct formula (must be from
4 −4
vectors) (M1)
−4−4 8
eg 2 2 2 2
, 17 17 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06 (radians) (118 degrees)
√1 +4 √4 +(−1) √ √
A1 N2 METHOD 3
using trigonometry to find an angle with the horizontal (M1)
1
eg tan 𝜃 = − 4, tan 𝜃 = −4 finding both angles of rotation (A1)
∘ ∘
eg 𝜃1 = 0.244978, 14.0362 , 𝜃1 = 1.81577, 104.036 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06
(radians) (118 degrees) A1 N2 [3 marks]

10. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.S_4

Let 𝑓 ″ (𝑥) = (cos 2𝑥)(sin 6𝑥), for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1.

(a) Sketch the graph of 𝑓 ″ on the grid below:

 [3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
 A1A1A1 N3
Note: Only if the shape is approximately correct with exactly 2 maximums and 1
minimum on the interval 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0, award the following:
A1 for correct domain with both endpoints within circle and oval.
A1 for passing through the other 𝑥-intercepts within the circles.
A1 for passing through the three turning points within circles (ignore 𝑥-intercepts
and extrema outside of the domain).
[3 marks]

(b) Find the 𝑥-coordinates of the points of inflexion of the graph of 𝑓.

[3]

Markscheme

evidence of reasoning (may be seen on graph) (M1)

eg 𝑓 ″ = 0, (0.524, 0), (0.785, 0)
0.523598, 0.785398
𝜋 𝜋
𝑥 = 0.524 (= 6 ), 𝑥 = 0.785 (= 4 ) A1A1 N3
 Note: Award M1A1A0 if any solution outside domain (eg 𝑥 = 0) is also included.
[3 marks]

(c) Hence find the values of 𝑥 for which the graph of 𝑓 is concave-down.

[2]

Markscheme

𝜋 𝜋
0.524 < 𝑥 < 0.785 ( < 𝑥 < ) A2 N2
6 4
Note: Award A1 if any correct interval outside domain also included, unless
additional solutions already penalized in (b).
Award A0 if any incorrect intervals are also included. [2 marks]

11. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.S_3

Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 e3𝑥 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

(b) The graph of 𝑓 has a horizontal tangent line at 𝑥 = 0 and at 𝑥 = 𝑎. Find 𝑎.

[2]

Markscheme

valid method (M1) eg 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0,

2
, 𝑎 = −0.667 (= − 3) (accept 𝑥 = −0.667) A1
N2 [2 marks]

12. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.S_9
16
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
. The line 𝐿 is tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 8.

(a) Find the gradient of 𝐿.

 [2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to find 𝑓 ′ (8) (M1) eg 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) , 𝑦 ′ , −16𝑥 −2 −0.25 (exact) A1 N2 [2
marks]

8
𝐿 can be expressed in the form r = ( ) + 𝑡u.
2
(b) Find u.

[2]

Markscheme

u null or any scalar multiple A2 N2 [2 marks]

1
The direction vector of 𝑦 = 𝑥 is ( ).
1
(c) Find the acute angle between 𝑦 = 𝑥 and 𝐿.

[5]

Markscheme

correct scalar product and magnitudes (A1)(A1)(A1) scalar product =

1 × 4 + 1 × −1 (= 3) magnitudes = √1 + 1 , √42 + (−1)2 (= √2, √17)
2 2
4−1
substitution of their values into correct formula (M1) eg 2 2 2 2
,
√1 +1 √4 +(−1)
−3
, 2.1112, 120.96° 1.03037 , 59.0362° angle = 1.03 , 59.0° A1 N4 [5
√2√17
marks]

(d.i) Find (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥).

[3]

Markscheme

16 16
attempt to form composite (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) (M1) eg 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥)) , 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , 𝑓(𝑥)
correct
16 𝑥
working (A1) eg 16 , 16 × 16 (𝑓 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥 A1 N2 [3 marks]
𝑥

(d.ii) Hence, write down 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

 [1]

Markscheme
16 16 16
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 (accept 𝑦 = 𝑥 , 𝑥 ) A1 N1
Note: Award A0 in part (ii) if part (i) is incorrect.
16
Award A0 in part (ii) if the candidate has found 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 by interchanging 𝑥
and 𝑦.
[1 mark]

(d.iii) Hence or otherwise, find the obtuse angle formed by the tangent line to 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 8 and the
tangent line to 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 2.

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 recognition of symmetry about 𝑦 = 𝑥 (M1) eg (2, 8) ⇔ (8,

2) evidence
of doubling their angle (M1)
eg 2 × 1.03, 2 × 59.0 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06 (radians) (118 degrees) A1 N2
METHOD 2
finding direction vector for tangent line at 𝑥 = 2 (A1)
−1 1
eg ( ), ( ) substitution of their values into correct formula (must be from
4 −4
vectors) (M1)
−4−4 8
eg 2 2 2 2
, 17 17 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06 (radians) (118 degrees)
√1 +4 √4 +(−1) √ √
A1 N2 METHOD 3
using trigonometry to find an angle with the horizontal (M1)
1
eg tan 𝜃 = − 4, tan 𝜃 = −4 finding both angles of rotation (A1)
∘ ∘
eg 𝜃1 = 0.244978, 14.0362 , 𝜃1 = 1.81577, 104.036 2.06075, 118.072° 2.06
(radians) (118 degrees) A1 N2 [3 marks]

13. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_2

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 − 2e𝑥 . The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓.
(a) Find the 𝑥-intercept of the graph of 𝑓.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach (M1)
eg 𝑓(𝑥) = 0, 4 − 2e𝑥 = 0
0.693147
𝑥 = ln 2 (exact), 0.693 A1 N2
[2 marks]

(b) The region enclosed by the graph of 𝑓, the 𝑥-axis and the 𝑦-axis is rotated 360º about the 𝑥-
axis. Find the volume of the solid formed.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute either their correct limits or the function into formula
(M1)
involving 𝑓 2
 0.693 ln 2
eg ∫0 𝑓 2 , 𝜋∫ (4 − 2e𝑥 )2 d𝑥, ∫0 (4 − 2e𝑥 )2
3.42545 volume = 3.43 A2 N3 [3 marks]

14. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_8

In this question distance is in centimetres and time is in seconds.

Particle A is moving along a straight line such that its displacement from a point P, after 𝑡
seconds, is given by 𝑠A = 15 − 𝑡 − 6𝑡 3 e−0.8𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 25. This is shown in the following diagram.

(a) Find the initial displacement of particle A from point P.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach (M1)
eg 𝑠A (0), 𝑠(0), 𝑡 = 0
15 (cm) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b) Find the value of 𝑡 when particle A first reaches point P.

[2]
 Markscheme

valid approach (M1)

eg 𝑠A = 0, 𝑠 = 0, 6.79321, 14.8651
2.46941
𝑡 = 2.47 (seconds) A1 N2
[2 marks]

(c) Find the value of 𝑡 when particle A first changes direction.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing when change in direction occurs (M1)

eg slope of 𝑠 changes sign, 𝑠 ′ = 0, minimum point, 10.0144, (4.08, −4.66)
4.07702
𝑡 = 4.08 (seconds) A1 N2
[2 marks]

(d) Find the total distance travelled by particle A in the first 3 seconds.

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (using displacement)

correct displacement or distance from P at 𝑡 = 3 (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg −2.69630, 2.69630 valid approach (M1)
eg 15 + 2.69630, 𝑠(3) − 𝑠(0), −17.6963
17.6963 17.7 (cm) A1 N2 METHOD 2 (using velocity)
attempt to substitute either limits or the velocity function into distance formula
involving |𝑣| (M1)
3
eg ∫0 |𝑣|d𝑡 , ∫ |−1 − 18𝑡 2 e−0.8𝑡 + 4.8𝑡 3 e−0.8𝑡 |
17.6963 17.7 (cm) A1 N2 [3 marks]

Another particle, B, moves along the same line, starting at the same time as particle A. The
velocity of particle B is given by 𝑣B = 8 − 2𝑡, 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 25.

(e.i) Given that particles A and B start at the same point, find the displacement function 𝑠B for
particle B.

[5]

Markscheme

recognize the need to integrate velocity (M1)

eg ∫ 𝑣(𝑡)
 2𝑡 2
8𝑡 − + 𝑐 (accept 𝑥 instead of 𝑡 and missing 𝑐) (A2)
2
substituting initial condition into their integrated expression (must have 𝑐)
(M1)
2(0)2
eg 15 = 8(0) − + 𝑐, 𝑐 = 15
2
2
𝑠B (𝑡) = 8𝑡 − 𝑡 + 15 A1 N3
[5 marks]

(e.ii) Find the other value of 𝑡 when particles A and B meet.

[2]

Markscheme

valid approach (M1)

eg 𝑠A = 𝑠B , sketch, (9.30404, 2.86710)
9.30404
𝑡 = 9.30 (seconds) A1 N2
Note: If candidates obtain 𝑠B (𝑡) = 8𝑡 − 𝑡 2 in part (e)(i), there are 2 solutions for
part (e)(ii), 1.32463 and 7.79009. Award the last A1 in part (e)(ii) only if both
solutions are given.
[2 marks]

15. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_5

The population of fish in a lake is modelled by the function

1000
𝑓(𝑡) = 1+24e−0.2𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 30 , where 𝑡 is measured in months.

(a) Find the population of fish at 𝑡 = 10.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach (M1)
eg 𝑓(10)
235.402 235 (fish) (must be an integer) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b) Find the rate at which the population of fish is increasing at 𝑡 = 10.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing rate of change is derivative (M1)

eg rate = 𝑓 ′ , 𝑓 ′ (10) , sketch of 𝑓 ′ , 35 (fish per month)
 35.9976 36.0 (fish per month) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(c) Find the value of 𝑡 for which the population of fish is increasing most rapidly.

[2]

Markscheme

valid approach (M1)

eg maximum of 𝑓 ′ , 𝑓 ″ = 0
15.890 15.9 (months) A1 N2 [2 marks]

16. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_1

Sila High School has 110 students. They each take exactly one language class from a choice of
English, Spanish or Chinese. The following table shows the number of female and male students
in the three different language classes.

A 𝜒 2 test was carried out at the 5 % significance level to analyse the relationship between
gender and student choice of language class.

(a) Write down the null hypothesis, H0 , for this test.

[1]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
(H0:) (choice of) language is independent of gender (A1)
Note: Accept “there is no association between language (choice) and gender”.
Accept “language (choice) is not dependent on gender”. Do not accept “not
related” or “not correlated” or “not influenced”. [1 mark]

(b) State the number of degrees of freedom.

[1]
 Markscheme

2 (AG) [1 mark]

Use your graphic display calculator to write down

(c.i) the expected frequency of female students who chose to take the Chinese class.

[1]

Markscheme

16.4 (16.4181…) (G1) [1 mark]

(c.ii) the 𝜒 2 statistic.

[2]

Markscheme
2
𝜒calc = 8.69 (8.68507…) (G2)
[2 marks]

The critical value at the 5 % significance level for this test is 5.99.

(d) State whether or not H0 should be rejected. Justify your statement.

[2]

Markscheme

(we) reject the null hypothesis (A1)(ft) 8.68507… > 5.99 (R1)(ft) Note:
Follow through from part (c)(ii). Accept “do not accept” in place of “reject.” Do not
award (A1)(ft)(R0). OR (we) reject the null hypothesis (A1) 0.0130034 < 0.05
(R1) Note: Accept “do not accept” in place of “reject.” Do not award
(A1)(ft)(R0). [2 marks]

One student is chosen at random from this school.

(e.i) Find the probability that the student does not take the Spanish class.

[2]

Markscheme

88 4
110
(5 , 0.8, 80% ) (A1)(A1)(G2)
 Note: Award (A1) for correct numerator, (A1) for correct denominator. [2 marks]

Another student is chosen at random from this school.

(e.ii) Find the probability that neither of the two students take the Spanish class.

[3]

Markscheme
88 87
× (M1)(M1)
110 109
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying two fractions. Award (M1) for multiplying their
correct fractions. OR
46 45 46 42 42 41
( ) ( ) + 2 ( ) ( ) + ( ) ( ) (M1)(M1)
110 109 110 109 110 109
Note: Award (M1) for correct products; (M1) for adding 4 products.
348
0.639 (0.638532 … , 545 , 63.9% ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from their answer to part (e)(i). [3 marks]

(e.iii) Find the probability that at least one of the two students is female.

[3]

Markscheme
67 66
1 − 110 × 109 (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying two correct fractions. Award (M1) for subtracting
their product of two fractions from 1. OR
43 42 43 67 67 43
× + × + × (M1)(M1)
110 109 110 109 110 109
Note: Award (M1) for correct products; (M1) for adding three products.
344
0.631 (0.631192 … , 63.1% , ) (A1)(G2)
545
[3 marks]

17. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_5
1 3
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑥 3 + 4 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 1.

(b) Write down the 𝑦-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).

[1]

Markscheme

−1 (A1) Note: Accept (0, −1). [1 mark]

(c) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) for −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3 and −4 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 12.

 [4]

Markscheme

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for correct window and axes labels, −3 to 3 should be indicated
on the 𝑥-axis and −4 to 12 on the 𝑦-axis.
(A1)) for smooth curve with correct cubic shape;
(A1) for 𝑥-intercepts: one close to −3, the second between −1 and 0, and third
between 1 and 2; and 𝑦-intercept at approximately −1;
(A1) for local minimum in the 4th quadrant and maximum in the 2nd
quadrant, in approximately correct positions.
Graph paper does not need to be used. If window not given award at most
(A0)(A1)(A0)(A1).
[4 marks]

The function has one local maximum at 𝑥 = 𝑝 and one local minimum at 𝑥 = 𝑞.

(h) Determine the range of 𝑓(𝑥) for 𝑝 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑞.

[3]

Markscheme
 61 4
−1.27 ≤ 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 1.33 (−1.27083 … ≤ 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 1.33333 … , − 48 ≤ 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 3)
(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for −1.27 seen, (A1) for 1.33 seen, and (A1) for correct weak
inequalities with their endpoints in the correct order. For example, award
(A0)(A0)(A0) for answers like 5 ≤ 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 2. Accept 𝑦 in place of 𝑓(𝑥). Accept
alternative correct notation such as [−1.27, 1.33].
Follow through from their 𝑝 and 𝑞 values from part (g) only if their 𝑓(𝑝) and 𝑓(𝑞)
values are between −4 and 12. Award (A0)(A0)(A0) if their values from (g) are
given as the endpoints.
[3 marks]

18. 23M.2.SL.TZ1.7

The temperature of a cup of tea, 𝑡 minutes after it is poured, can be modelled by 𝐻(𝑡) = 21 +
75𝑒 −0.08𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0. The temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (∘ 𝐶).

(a.ii) Find the temperature of the tea three minutes after it is poured.

[1]

Markscheme

79.9970 … 80.0 (∘ ) (accept 80) A1 [1 mark]

(a.i) Find the initial temperature of the tea.

[1]

Markscheme

96 (∘ ) (exact) A1 [1 mark]

(b) Write down the value of 𝐻′(3).

[2]

Markscheme

−4.71976. .. −4.72 (∘ 𝐶 min−1 ) A2 [2 marks]

(c) Interpret the meaning of your answer to part (b) in the given context.

[2]

Markscheme
 3 valid descriptors, in any order: A2

• at 3 minutes (or when 𝑡 = 3)

• cooling/decreasing (do not accept “changing”)
• 4.72 ∘ 𝐶 min−1 (must include units) (accept approximately 5 deg/min)

[2 marks]

(d) After 𝑘 minutes, the tea will be below 67 ∘ 𝐶 and cool enough to drink.

Find the least possible value of 𝑘, where 𝑘 ∈ ℤ+ .

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 valid attempt to solve 𝐻(𝑡) = 67 (accept an inequality) (M1) eg

intersection of graphs, use of logarithms. 6.11058… (A1) 7 (min) A1
METHOD 2 valid attempt to find crossover values (M1) (6, 67.4087…) and
(7, 63.8406…) (A1) 7 (min) A1 [3 marks]

As the tea cools, 𝐻(𝑡) approaches the temperature of the room, which is constant.

(e) Find the temperature of the room.

[2]

Markscheme

recognition that 𝑡 → ∞ (M1) 21 (∘ 𝐶) A1 [2 marks]

(f) Find the limit of 𝐻′(𝑡) as 𝑡 approaches infinity.

[2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (working with slopes of 𝐇) valid attempt to analyse progression of

slopes of 𝐻 (M1) lim 𝐻′(𝑡) = 0 A1 METHOD 2 (working with 𝐇′)
𝑡→∞
valid attempt to use 𝐻′ and large values of 𝑡. (M1) lim 𝐻′(𝑡) = 0 A1 [2
𝑡→∞
marks]

19. 23M.2.SL.TZ1.9

An engineer is designing a gutter to catch rainwater from the roof of a house.

The gutter will be open at the top and is made by folding a piece of sheet metal 45 𝑐𝑚 wide and
600 𝑐𝑚 long.

diagram not to scale

The cross-section of the gutter is shaded in the following diagram.

diagram not to scale

The height of both vertical sides is 10 𝑐𝑚. The width of the gutter is 𝑤 𝑐𝑚.

Arc 𝐴𝐵 lies on the circumference of a circle with centre 𝑂 and radius 12 𝑐𝑚.

Let 𝐴𝑂̂𝐵 = 𝜃 radians, where 0 < 𝜃 < 𝜋.

(a) Show that 𝜃 = 2.08, correct to three significant figures.

 [3]

Markscheme

recognition that 45 = 10 + 10 + 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ (M1) arc length = 25 (𝑐𝑚)

(A1) 25 = 12𝜃 A1 𝜃 = 2.08 correct to 3 significant figures AG [3
marks]

(b) Find the area of the cross-section of the gutter.

[7]

Markscheme

Note: There are many different ways to dissect the cross-section to determine its
𝑤
area. In all approaches, candidates will need to find 𝑤 or . Award the first three
2
marks for work seen anywhere. EITHER evidence of using the cosine rule OR
𝑤
sine rule (M1) 𝑤 2 = 122 + 122 − 2 ⋅ 12 ⋅ 12 cos(2.08) OR sin(2.08) =
12 𝑤
sin(0.530796… )
(A1) 𝑤 = 20.6977 … OR 2
= 10.3488 … (A1) OR using trig
2.08 𝑤 2.08
ratios in a right triangle with angle 2
and side length 2
(M1) sin (2
) =
𝑤
2 𝑤
12
(A1) 𝑤 = 20.6977 … or 2
= 10.3488 … (A1) Note: Accept 𝑤 =
𝜃 25
20.7179 … from use of = . THEN Let the points 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷, 𝐸, 𝐹, 𝐺, 𝐻 lie on
2 24

the figure as follows:

1
EITHER (segment 𝐴𝐻𝐵 =) sector 𝑂𝐴𝐵 – triangle 𝑂𝐴𝐵 (M1) = × 122 ×
2
1
2.08 − 2 × 122 × sin 2.08 (= 149.76 − 62.8655 … = 86.8944 … ) (A1) valid
approach to find total cross-sectional area (seen anywhere) (M1) sector
𝑂𝐴𝐵 – triangle 𝑂𝐴𝐵 + rectangle 𝐶𝐷𝐵𝐴 = 86.8944 … + 10𝑤 (= 86.8944 … +
25
206.977 … ) Note: Use of 𝜃 = 12 throughout leads to segment 𝑂𝐴𝐵 = 87.2517 …
and cross-sectional area = 87.2517 … + 207.179 …. OR trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 (=
1
rectangle 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐸 + triangle EOA) (M1) = × (10 + (10 − 12 cos (1.04)) ×
2
20.6977…
(= 72.0557) (A1) valid approach to find total cross-sectional area
2
 (seen anywhere) (M1) 2 × trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 + sector 𝑂𝐴𝐵 = 2(72.0557 … ) +
1 2 25
× 12 × 2.08(= 144.111 … + 149.76) Note: Use of 𝜃 = leads to area of
2 12
trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 = 72.2154 … and cross-sectional area = 144.430 … + 150. OR 2
× area of trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 (= area of rectangle 𝐶𝐷𝐹𝐸 + 2 × triangle 𝐸𝑂𝐴)
1
(M1) 20.6977 … × (10 − 12 cos (1.04) + 2 × 2 × 12 cos (1.04) × 12 sin (1.04)
(A1) (= 81.2458 … + 62.8655 … ) valid approach to find total cross-sectional area
(seen anywhere) (M1) 2 × trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 + sector 𝑂𝐴𝐵 = 144.111 … +
1 2 25
2
× 12 × 2.08 (= 144.111 … + 149.76) Note: Use of 𝜃 = 12 leads to 2 × area of
trapezium 𝐶𝐺𝑂𝐴 = 144.430 … and cross-sectional area = 144.430 … + 150.
THEN area of cross-section = 293.871 (294.430 from exact answer) = 294 (𝑐𝑚2 )
A1 [7 marks]

In a storm, the total volume, in 𝑐𝑚3 , of rainwater that enters the gutter can be modelled by a
function 𝑅(𝑡), where 𝑡 is the time, in seconds, since the start of the storm.

It was determined that the rate at which rainwater entered the gutter could be modelled by
2𝜋𝑡
𝑅′(𝑡) = 50 cos ( 5
)+ 3000, 𝑡 ≥ 0.

During any 60-second period, if the volume of rainwater entering the gutter is greater than the
volume of the gutter, it will overflow.

(c) Determine whether the gutter overflowed in this storm. Justify your answer.

[5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 volume of gutter = 176323 OR 176658 (OR 600 × their area) (seen
anywhere) A1 recognising rainfall can be represented by an integral
60 250 2𝜋×60
(M1) ∫0 𝑅 ′(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = ( 2𝜋 sin ( 5 ) + 3000 × 60) (A1) Note: Accept any 60
second interval or any interval which is a multiple of 5 seconds (one period)
5
scaled up to 60 seconds e.g. 12 ∫0 𝑅 ′(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 rainfall over 60 seconds =
180000 (cm3) A1 the gutter will overflow because the rainfall > gutter
volume A1 METHOD 2 volume of gutter = 176323 OR 176658 (OR 600 ×
their area) (seen anywhere) A1 recognition that cosine has a minimum
value of -1 (M1) 𝑅′(𝑡) ≥ 1 × 50 + 3000(𝑐𝑚3 𝑠 −1 ) (A1) rainfall over 60
seconds ≥ 177000 (A1) the gutter will overflow because the rainfall > gutter
volume A1 METHOD 3
volume of gutter = 176323 OR 176658 (OR 600 × their area) (seen
anywhere) A1 recognising rainfall can be represented by an integral
𝑇
(M1) attempt to solve 60 > 58.8 OR ∫0 𝑅 ′(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 176658 (M1) time to reach
overflow point = 58.7875 … OR 58.8990 … A1 the gutter will overflow
because 60 > 58.8 OR 60 > 58.9 A1 [5 marks]

20. 22N.2.SL.TZ0.7
A particle moves in a straight line. Its displacement, 𝑠 metres, from a fixed point P at time 𝑡
seconds is given by 𝑠(𝑡) = 3(𝑡 + 2)cos 𝑡 , for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 6.8, as shown in the following graph.

(a) Find the particle’s initial displacement from the point P.

[2]

Markscheme

initial displacement is 𝑠(0) (M1)

6 (m) A1

[2 marks]

(b) Find the particle’s velocity when 𝑡 = 2.

[2]

Markscheme

velocity is 𝑠′ (M1)
−2.29920
−2.30 (m/s) A1

[2 marks]

(c) Determine the intervals of time when the particle is moving away from the point P.

[5]
 Markscheme

attempting to find 𝑡 when the particle changes direction (M1)

𝑡 = 0.433007 … AND 3.25575 … AND 6.33965 … (may be seen on a graph)
(A1)
particle travels away from P when 𝑣 > 0 OR when 𝑠′ > 0 (M1)
0 ≤ 𝑡 < 0.433007 … , 3.25575 … < 𝑡 < 6.33965
0 ≤ 𝑡 < 0.433, 3.26 < 𝑡 < 6.34 A1A1

[5 marks]

The acceleration of the particle is zero when 𝑡 = 𝑏 and 𝑡 = 𝑐, where 𝑏 < 𝑐.

(d) Find the value of 𝑏 and the value of 𝑐.

[4]

Markscheme

recognizing that acceleration is 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝑣′(𝑡) OR 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝑠″(𝑡) (M1)

attempting to find max/min on graph of velocity OR finding zeros on graph of
acceleration (M1)
𝑏 = 1.23140 … , 𝑐 = 5.68959 …
𝑏 = 1.23, 𝑐 = 5.69 A1A1

[4 marks]

(e) Find the total distance travelled by the particle for 𝑏 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝑐.

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (using integral of velocity)

correct integral (accept absence of 𝑑𝑡) (A1)
5.68959… 𝑐 3.25575… 5.68959…
∫1.23140… |𝑣|𝑡|| 𝑑𝑡 OR ∫𝑏 |𝑠′|𝑡|| 𝑑𝑡 OR − ∫1.23140… 𝑣 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 + ∫3.25575… 𝑣 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
OR 3.8560 + 15.696
19.5525 …
total distance = 19.6 (m) A2

METHOD 2 (using differences in displacement)

finding displacement at 𝑏, 𝑐 and local min on displacement graph (A1)
(𝑏, 4.43306), (𝑐, 16.2734), (3.25575, 0.577001) OR 4.43306, 0.577001, 16.2734
correct approach (A1)
(4.43306 − 0.577001) + (16.2734 − 0.577001) OR towards P 3.85606 + away
from P 15.696
19.5525 …
total distance = 19.6 (m) A1
 [3 marks]

21. 22N.2.SL.TZ0.3

The function 𝑓 is defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(𝑥e𝑥 + 1) − 𝑥 4 , for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2. The graph of 𝑓 is shown in

the following diagram.

The graph of 𝑓 has a local maximum at point A. The graph intersects the 𝑥-axis at the origin and
at point B.

(a) Find the coordinates of A.

[2]

Markscheme

(0.708519 … , 0.639580 … )
(0.709, 0.640) (𝑥 = 0.709, 𝑦 = 0.640) A1A1

[2 marks]

(b) Find the 𝑥-coordinate of B.

[1]

Markscheme
 1.09885 …
𝑥 = 1.10 accept (1.10,0) A1

[1 mark]

(c) Find the total area enclosed by the graph of 𝑓, the 𝑥-axis and the line 𝑥 = 2.

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
2
∫0 |𝑓|𝑥|| 𝑑𝑥 (A1)
4.61117 …
area = 4.61 A2

METHOD 2
2 2
− ∫1.09885… 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 OR ∫1.09885…|𝑓|𝑥|| 𝑑𝑥 OR 4.17527 … (A1)
1.09885… 2
∫0 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 − ∫1.09885… 𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 OR 0.435901 … + 4.17527 … (A1)
4.61117 …
area = 4.61 A1

[3 marks]

22. 22M.2.SL.TZ1.5

A particle moves along a straight line so that its velocity, 𝑣 m s−1, after 𝑡 seconds is
given by 𝑣(𝑡) = esin 𝑡 + 4 sin 𝑡 for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 6.

(a) Find the value of 𝑡 when the particle is at rest.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing at rest 𝑣 = 0 (M1)

𝑡 = 3.34692 …
𝑡 = 3.35 (seconds) A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 for additional solutions to 𝑣 = 0 eg 𝑡 = −0.205 or 𝑡 = 6.08.

[2 marks]

(b) Find the acceleration of the particle when it changes direction.

[3]
 Markscheme

recognizing particle changes direction when 𝑣 = 0 OR when 𝑡 = 3.34692 …

(M1)
𝑎 = −4.71439 …
𝑎 = −4.71 (ms−2 ) A2

[3 marks]

(c) Find the total distance travelled by the particle.

[2]

Markscheme
6
distance travelled = ∫0 |𝑣| 𝑑𝑡 OR
3.34… 6
∫0 (esin(𝑡) + 4 sin(𝑡)) 𝑑𝑡 − ∫3.34… (esin(𝑡) + 4 sin(𝑡)) 𝑑𝑡 (= 14.3104 … +
6.44300 … ) (A1)
= 20.7534 …
= 20.8 (metres) A1

[2 marks]

23. 22M.2.SL.TZ1.7

All lengths in this question are in centimetres.

A solid metal ornament is in the shape of a right pyramid, with vertex V and square base ABCD.
The centre of the base is X. Point V has coordinates (1, 5, 0) and point A has coordinates
(−1, 1, 6).
(a) Find AV.

[2]

Markscheme

attempt to use the distance formula to find AV (M1)

2
√(1 − (−1)) + (5 − 1)2 + (0 − 6)2
= 7.48331 …
= 7.48 (cm) (= √56 or 2√14) A1

[2 marks]

̂ B = 40∘ , find AB.

(b) Given that AV

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
attempt to apply cosine rule OR sine rule to find AB (M1)
AB √56
(AB =)√7.48 …2 + 7.48 …2 − 2 × 7.48 … × 7.48 … cos(40∘ ) OR sin 40∘
= sin 70∘
(A1)
= 5.11888 …
= 5.12 (cm) A1

METHOD 2
 Let M be the midpoint of [AB]
attempt to apply right-angled trigonometry on triangle AVM (M1)
= 2 × 7.48 … × sin(20∘ ) (A1)
= 5.11888 …
= 5.12 (cm) A1

[3 marks]

The volume of the pyramid is 57.2 cm3 , correct to three significant figures.

(c) Find the height of the pyramid, VX.

[3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
equating volume of pyramid formula to 57.2 (M1)
1
3
× 5.11 …2 × ℎ = 57.2 (A1)
ℎ = 6.54886 …
ℎ = 6.55 (cm) A1

METHOD 2
Let M be the midpoint of [AB]
AV2 = AM2 + MX2 + XV2 (M1)
5.11… 2 5.11… 2
⇒ XV = √7.48 …2 − ( 2 ) −( 2
) (A1)
ℎ = 6.54886 …
ℎ = 6.55 (cm) A1

[3 marks]

(d) A second ornament is in the shape of a cuboid with a rectangular base of length 2𝑥 cm, width
𝑥 cm and height 𝑦 cm. The cuboid has the same volume as the pyramid.

The cuboid has a minimum surface area of 𝑆 cm2. Find the value of 𝑆.

[5]

Markscheme

𝑉 = 𝑥 × 2𝑥 × 𝑦 = 57.2 (A1)
𝑆 = 2(2𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦) A1

Note: Condone use of A.

57.2
attempt to substitute 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 into their expression for surface area (M1)
57.2
(𝑆(𝑥) =) 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 ( 2 )
2𝑥
 EITHER
attempt to find minimum turning point on graph of area function (M1)

OR
𝑑𝑆
𝑑𝑥
= 8𝑥 − 171.6𝑥 −2 = 0 OR 𝑥 = 2.77849 … (M1)

THEN
92.6401 …
minimum surface area = 92.6 (cm2 ) A1

[5 marks]

24. 22M.2.SL.TZ1.8
4𝑥+1
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ −4.
𝑥+4

For the graph of 𝑓

(a.i) write down the equation of the vertical asymptote.

[1]

Markscheme

𝑥 = −4 A1

[1 mark]

(a.ii) find the equation of the horizontal asymptote.

[2]

Markscheme
𝑎
attempt to substitute into 𝑦 = OR table with large values of 𝑥 OR sketch of 𝑓
𝑐
showing asymptotic behaviour (M1)
𝑦=4 A1

[2 marks]

(b.i) Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

[4]

Markscheme
 4𝑥 + 1
𝑦=
𝑥+4
attempt to interchange 𝑥 and 𝑦 (seen anywhere) M1
𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 1 OR 𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑥 = 4𝑦 + 1 (A1)
𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 = 1 − 4𝑦 OR 𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑦 = 1 − 4𝑥 (A1)
1−4𝑥 1−4𝑥
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥−4 (accept 𝑦 = 𝑥−4 ) A1

[4 marks]

(b.ii) Using an algebraic approach, show that the graph of 𝑓 −1 is obtained by a reflection of the
graph of 𝑓 in the 𝑦-axis followed by a reflection in the 𝑥-axis.

[4]

Markscheme

reflection in 𝑦-axis given by 𝑓(−𝑥) (M1)

−4𝑥+1
𝑓(−𝑥) = (A1)
−𝑥+4
reflection of their 𝑓(−𝑥) in 𝑥-axis given by −𝑓(−𝑥) accept "now −𝑓(𝑥)" M1
−4𝑥 + 1
(−𝑓(−𝑥) =) −
−𝑥 + 4
−4𝑥+1 4𝑥−1
= 𝑥−4 OR −𝑥+4 A1
1−4𝑥
= 𝑥−4
(= 𝑓 −1 (𝑥)) AG

Note: If the candidate attempts to show the result using a particular coordinate on
the graph of 𝑓 rather than a general coordinate on the graph of 𝑓,
where appropriate, award marks as follows:
M0A0 for eg (2,3) → (−2,3)
M0A0 for (−2,3) → (−2, −3)

[4 marks]

The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑓 −1 intersect at 𝑥 = 𝑝 and 𝑥 = 𝑞, where 𝑝 < 𝑞.

(c.i) Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞.

[2]

Markscheme

attempt to solve 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) using graph or algebraically (M1)

𝑝 = −1 AND 𝑞 = 1 A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 if only one correct value seen.

[2 marks]
 (c.ii) Hence, find the area enclosed by the graph of 𝑓 and the graph of 𝑓 −1 .

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to set up an integral to find area between 𝑓 and 𝑓 −1 (M1)

1 4𝑥+1 1−4𝑥
∫−1 ( 𝑥+4 − 𝑥−4 ) 𝑑𝑥 (A1)
= 0.675231 …
= 0.675 A1

[3 marks]

25. 22M.2.SL.TZ2.2

The derivative of a function 𝑔 is given by 𝑔′(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 5e𝑥 , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. The graph of

𝑔 passes through the point (0, 4) . Find 𝑔(𝑥).

[5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
recognises that 𝑔(𝑥) = ∫ (3𝑥 2 + 5e𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 (M1)
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5e𝑥 (+𝐶) (A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for each integrated term.

substitutes 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑦 = 4 into their integrated function (must involve +𝐶)

(M1)
4 = 0 + 5 + 𝐶 ⇒ 𝐶 = −1
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5e𝑥 − 1 A1

METHOD 2
attempts to write both sides in the form of a definite integral (M1)
𝑥 𝑥
∫0 𝑔 ′(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = ∫0 (3𝑡 2 + 5e𝑡 ) 𝑑𝑡 (A1)
3 𝑥 0
𝑔(𝑥) − 4 = 𝑥 + 5e − 5e (A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for 𝑔(𝑥) − 4 and A1 for 𝑥 3 + 5e𝑥 − 5e0 .

𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5e𝑥 − 1 A1

[5 marks]

26. 22M.2.SL.TZ2.6

A particle moves in a straight line such that its velocity, 𝑣 m s−1, at time 𝑡 seconds is given by 𝑣 =
(𝑡 2 +1)cos 𝑡
, 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 3.
4
 (a) Determine when the particle changes its direction of motion.

[2]

Markscheme

recognises the need to find the value of 𝑡 when 𝑣 = 0 (M1)

𝜋
𝑡 = 1.57079 … (= )
2
𝜋
𝑡 = 1.57 (= ) (s) A1
2

[2 marks]

(b) Find the times when the particle’s acceleration is −1.9 m s−2.

[3]

Markscheme

recognises that 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝑣′(𝑡) (M1)

𝑡1 = 2.26277 … , 𝑡2 = 2.95736 …
𝑡1 = 2.26, 𝑡2 = 2.96 (s) A1A1

Note: Award M1A1A0 if the two correct answers are given with additional
values outside 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 3.

[3 marks]

(c) Find the particle’s acceleration when its speed is at its greatest.

[2]

Markscheme

speed is greatest at 𝑡 = 3 (A1)

𝑎 = −1.83778 …
𝑎 = −1.84 (m s−2 ) A1

[2 marks]

27. 22M.2.SL.TZ2.8

A scientist conducted a nine-week experiment on two plants, 𝐴 and 𝐵, of the same species. He
wanted to determine the effect of using a new plant fertilizer. Plant 𝐴 was given
fertilizer regularly, while Plant 𝐵 was not.

The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐴, ℎ𝐴 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks can be modelled by
the function ℎ𝐴 (𝑡) = sin(2𝑡 + 6) + 9𝑡 + 27, where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.
The scientist found that the height of Plant 𝐵, ℎ𝐵 cm, at time 𝑡 weeks can be modelled by the
function ℎ𝐵 (𝑡) = 8𝑡 + 32, where 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9.

Use the scientist’s models to find the initial height of

(a.i) Plant 𝐵.

[1]

Markscheme

32 (cm) A1

[1 mark]

(a.ii) Plant 𝐴 correct to three significant figures.

[2]

Markscheme

ℎ𝐴 (0) = sin(6) + 27 (M1)

= 26.7205 …
= 26.7 (cm) A1

[2 marks]

(b) Find the values of 𝑡 when ℎ𝐴 (𝑡) = ℎ𝐵 (𝑡).

[3]

Markscheme

attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 (𝑡) = ℎ𝐵 (𝑡) for 𝑡 (M1)

𝑡 = 4.00746 … ,4.70343 … ,5.88332 …
𝑡 = 4.01,4.70,5.88 (weeks) A2

[3 marks]

(c) For 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9, find the total amount of time when the rate of growth of Plant 𝐵 was greater
than the rate of growth of Plant 𝐴.

[6]

Markscheme

recognises that ℎ𝐴 ′(𝑡) and ℎ𝐵 ′(𝑡) are required (M1)

attempts to solve ℎ𝐴 ′(𝑡) = ℎ𝐵 ′(𝑡) for 𝑡 (M1)
 𝑡 = 1.18879 … and 2.23598 … OR 4.33038 … and 5.37758 …
OR 7.47197 … and 8.51917 … (A1)

4𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 8𝜋 10𝜋 11𝜋
Note: Award full marks for 𝑡 = 3 − 3, 3 − 3, ( 3 − 3, 3 − 3 3 − 3, 3
− 3).
Award subsequent marks for correct use of these exact values.

1.18879 … < 𝑡 < 2.23598 … OR 4.33038 … < 𝑡 < 5.37758 … OR

7.47197 … < 𝑡 < 8.51917 … (A1)
attempts to calculate the total amount of time (M1)
5𝜋 4𝜋
3(2.2359 … − 1.1887 … ) (= 3 (( − 3) − ( − 3)))
3 3
= 3.14 (= 𝜋) (weeks) A1

[6 marks]

28. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.1

(a) Find ∫ (6𝑥 + 7)𝑑𝑥.

[3]

Markscheme

correct integration 3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 𝑐 A1A1A1 Note: Award A1 for 3𝑥 2 , A1 for

7𝑥 and A1 for +𝑐 [3 marks]

(b) Given 𝑓′(𝑥) = 6𝑥 + 7 and 𝑓(1.2) = 7.32, find 𝑓(𝑥).

[3]

Markscheme

recognition that 𝑓(𝑥) = ∫ 𝑓′(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 (M1) 3(1.2)2 + 7(1.2) + 𝑐 = 7.32 (A1)

𝑐 = −5.4 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 5.4 A1 [3 marks]