SYNTAX LINKING WORDS

Expressing Cause / Reason

Illustrations
1* Many people saw the Titanic

because it was an excellent film. + Sentence (cause)

Statement
2* Everybody likes him

because

because of his kindness.

Statement
3*

because of

Noun phrase (cause)

As it had snowed heavily, the children could not go to school.

As
4*

Sentence (cause)

Statement

Owing to a car accident, Said had lost his son.

Owing to
5*

Noun phrase (cause) + Statement

Due to its great wealth, America has become the richest country in the world.

Due to Activity 1 :

Noun phrase (cause) +

Statement

Join the two sentences using an appropriate connector from the list.

Owing to

because of

As

because

Due to

1* Amel cried . she was unhappy. 2* . they were sleepy, they went to bed early. 3* Naouri arrived late at work . the traffic jam. 4* .. his severe illness, he spent six months in a hospital. 5* .. his laziness, he failed in his exam. Note: There is more than one possibility.

Activity 2 :

Combine the following sentences using the connectors provided.

1* Nabil started jogging and his doctor told him to. 2* The teacher was absent and the students were making noise. 3* Chadli has become a bright student and his hard work. 4* Ali turned the heating on and the cold weather. 5* Asma did not go to school and her father's death. because / because of 1* because / as 2* because / due to 3*

because / owing to 4* because of / as 5*

Activity 3 :
Complete the following sentences :
1* Salim did not succeed in his exam because . 2* The students arrived late because of . 3* As . , the workers decided to go on strike. 4* Owing to. , Mejd did not go to school. 5* Due to .. , Ahlem was refused the job. 6* We decided not to go out for a meal because of.. 7* As . , he got a lung cancer. 8* John fell asleep because . 9* Fouad is happy because of .. 10* Due to , he has recently died.