1.

PROBLEM: THE NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SPRING-MASS  (B) LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION

SYSTEM IS 10 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF VIBRATION?  (C) RESONANCE
 (A) 0.1 S  (D) DAMPED VIBRATION
 (B) 0.2 S  ANSWER: (C) RESONANCE
 (C) 0.01 S 7. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE UNIT OF DAMPING RATIO?
 (D) 0.05 S  (A) HERTZ (HZ)
 ANSWER: (A) 0.1 S  (B) DIMENSIONLESS
 SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) =  (C) NEWTON (N)
1 / 10 = 0.1 S.  (D) METER PER SECOND (M/S)
2. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS AN AMPLITUDE  ANSWER: (B) DIMENSIONLESS
OF 2 CM AND A FREQUENCY OF 5 HZ. WHAT IS ITS 8. PROBLEM: IN A DAMPED VIBRATION SYSTEM, WHAT
MAXIMUM VELOCITY? DOES THE DAMPING RATIO 𝜁Ζ REPRESENT?
 (A) 0.1 M/S  (A) THE RATIO OF THE SYSTEM'S DAMPING TO
 ( B ) 1 M /S ITS MASS
 (C) 0.05 M/S  (B) THE RATIO OF THE SYSTEM'S DAMPING TO
 (D) 10 M/S ITS STIFFNESS
 ANSWER: (B) 1 M/S  (C) THE RATIO OF THE SYSTEM'S DAMPING TO
 SOLUTION: ITS CRITICAL DAMPING
𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥=2𝜋𝐴𝑓=2𝜋×0.02×5=1VMAX
 (D) THE RATIO OF THE SYSTEM'S STIFFNESS TO
=2ΠAF=2Π×0.02×5=1 M/S.
ITS MASS
3. PROBLEM: A DAMPER REDUCES THE AMPLITUDE OF  ANSWER: (C) THE RATIO OF THE SYSTEM'S
VIBRATION TO 50% IN 4 CYCLES. WHAT IS THE DAMPING
DAMPING TO ITS CRITICAL DAMPING
RATIO?
9. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
 (A) 0.25
 (A) 0.5
 (B) 0.5
 ( B) 1
 (C) 0.75
 ( C) 0
 (D) 1
 (D) DEPENDS ON THE SYSTEM
 ANSWER: (B) 0.5
 ANSWER: (B) 1
 SOLUTION:
10. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A
𝜁=−LN⁡(0.5)2𝜋2+LN⁡2(0.5)≈0.5Ζ=2Π2+L
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 5 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO OF
N2(0.5)−LN(0.5)≈0.5.
0.2. WHAT IS THE DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?
4. PROBLEM: A VIBRATING SYSTEM HAS A MASS OF 5 KG
 (A) 5 HZ
AND A STIFFNESS OF 1000 N/M. WHAT IS ITS
 (B) 4.8 HZ
NATURAL
 (C) 4.5 HZ
FREQUENCY?
 (D) 4 HZ
 (A) 10 HZ
 ANSWER: (B) 4.8 HZ
 (B) 5 HZ
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=5×1−0.22≈4.8FD
 (C) 20 HZ
=FN1−Ζ2=5×1−0.22≈4.8 HZ
 (D) 2 HZ
11. PROBLEM: WHICH PARAMETER DETERMINES THE
 ANSWER: (A) 10 HZ
STIFFNESS OF A SPRING IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM?
 SOLUTION: NATURAL FREQUENCY (F) =
 (A) DISPLACEMENT
12𝜋𝑘𝑚=12𝜋10005=102Π1MK=2Π151000
 (B) VELOCITY
=10 HZ.
 (C) ACCELERATION
5. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR THE NATURAL
 (D) FORCE
FREQUENCY OF A SINGLE-DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM SYSTEM?
 ANSWER: (D) FORCE
 (A) 𝑓=12𝜋𝑘𝑚F=2Π1MK
12. PROBLEM: IN A FORCED VIBRATION SYSTEM, WHAT
 (B) 𝑓=12𝜋𝑚𝑘F=2Π1KM
HAPPENS WHEN THE FORCING FREQUENCY IS GREATER
 (C) 𝑓=2𝜋𝑘𝑚F=2ΠMK
THAN THE NATURAL FREQUENCY?
 (D) 𝑓=2𝜋𝑚𝑘F=2ΠKM
 ANSWER: (A) 𝑓=12𝜋𝑘𝑚F=2Π1MK  (A) RESONANCE OCCURS
6. PROBLEM: WHAT TYPE OF VIBRATION OCCURS WHEN  (B) THE SYSTEM VIBRATES AT THE NATURAL
FREQUENCY
THE FORCING FREQUENCY MATCHES THE NATURAL
FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?  (C) THE SYSTEM VIBRATES WITH INCREASING
 (A) TRANSVERSE VIBRATION AMPLITUDE
  (D) THE SYSTEM VIBRATES WITH DECREASING  (D) FRICTIONAL FORCE
AMPLITUDE  ANSWER: (B) STIFFNESS TIMES DISPLACEMENT
 ANSWER: (C) THE SYSTEM VIBRATES WITH 20. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE UNIT OF THE DAMPING
INCREASING AMPLITUDE COEFFICIENT?
13. PROBLEM: WHICH METHOD IS USED TO DETERMINE THE  (A) N/M
NATURAL FREQUENCY EXPERIMENTALLY?  (B) KG/S
 (A) FOURIER TRANSFORM  ( C) M / S
 (B) MODAL ANALYSIS  (D) N
 (C) HOOKE'S LAW  ANSWER: (B) KG/S
 (D) NEWTON'S SECOND LAW 21. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 ANSWER: (B) MODAL ANALYSIS DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF THE DAMPING
14. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION OF MOTION FOR A RATIO?
DAMPED SINGLE-DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM SYSTEM?  (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
 (A) 𝑚𝑥¨+𝑐𝑥˙+𝑘𝑥=𝐹(𝑡)MX¨+CX˙+KX=F(T)  (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
 (B) 𝑚𝑥¨+𝑘𝑥=𝐹(𝑡)MX¨+KX=F(T)  (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (C) 𝑚𝑥¨+𝑐𝑥˙=𝐹(𝑡)MX¨+CX˙=F(T)  (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (D) 𝑚𝑥¨=𝐹(𝑡)MX¨=F(T)  ANSWER: (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 ANSWER: (A) 22. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE
𝑚𝑥¨+𝑐𝑥˙+𝑘𝑥=𝐹(𝑡)MX¨+CX˙+KX=F(T) NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A VIBRATING SYSTEM?
15. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE PHASE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN  (A) INCREASES
THE FORCE AND THE DISPLACEMENT IN A VIBRATING  (B) DECREASES
SYSTEM AT RESONANCE?  (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED
 (A) 0°  (D) BECOMES ZERO
 (B) 90°  ANSWER: (B) DECREASES
 (C) 180° 23. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE CONDITION FOR RESONANCE IN
 (D) 270° A VIBRATING SYSTEM?
 ANSWER: (B) 90°  (A) FORCED FREQUENCY = NATURAL
16. PROBLEM: WHAT HAPPENS TO THE AMPLITUDE OF FREQUENCY
VIBRATION AT RESONANCE IN AN UNDAMPED SYSTEM?  (B) FORCED FREQUENCY > NATURAL
 (A) IT INCREASES TO INFINITY FREQUENCY
 (B) IT REMAINS THE SAME  (C) FORCED FREQUENCY < NATURAL
 (C) IT DECREASES TO ZERO FREQUENCY
 (D) IT FLUCTUATES IRREGULARLY  (D) DAMPING RATIO = 1
 ANSWER: (A) IT INCREASES TO INFINITY  ANSWER: (A) FORCED FREQUENCY = NATURAL
17. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL FREQUENCY
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
24. PROBLEM: WHAT TYPE OF DAMPING OCCURS WHEN THE
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM DAMPING RATIO IS LESS THAN 1?
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  (A) CRITICAL DAMPING
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM  (B) OVERDAMPING
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM  (C) UNDERDAMPING
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
 (D) NO DAMPING
18. PROBLEM: WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MATERIALS IS  ANSWER: (C) UNDERDAMPING
COMMONLY USED TO DAMP VIBRATIONS?
25. PROBLEM: WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS DOES
 (A) STEEL NOT AFFECT THE NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SPRING-
 (B) RUBBER MASS SYSTEM?
 (C) ALUMINUM  (A) MASS
 (D) COPPER  (B) STIFFNESS
 ANSWER: (B) RUBBER
 (C) DAMPING COEFFICIENT
19. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE RESTORING FORCE IN A SPRING-  (D) LENGTH
MASS SYSTEM WHEN DISPLACED FROM EQUILIBRIUM?
 ANSWER: (D) LENGTH
 (A) MASS TIMES ACCELERATION 26. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF
 (B) STIFFNESS TIMES DISPLACEMENT VIBRATION?
 (C) DAMPING TIMES VELOCITY  (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1
  (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1  (D) 𝜁=0Ζ=0
 (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π  ANSWER: (B) 𝜁=1Ζ=1
 (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F 34. PROBLEM: A 2 KG MASS OSCILLATES WITH A MAXIMUM
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1 VELOCITY OF 1 M/S. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM KINETIC
27. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE UNIT OF THE DAMPING RATIO? ENERGY?
 (A) DIMENSIONLESS  (A) 0.5 J
 (B) HZ  ( B) 1 J
 (C) N/M  ( C) 2 J
 ( D ) M /S  (D) 4 J
 ANSWER: (A) DIMENSIONLESS  ANSWER: (A) 0.5 J
28. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A DAMPING  SOLUTION:
RATIO OF 0.4. WHAT TYPE OF DAMPING IS THIS? 𝐾𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥=12𝑚𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥2=12×2×12=0.5KEM
 (A) CRITICAL DAMPING AX=21MVMAX2=21×2×12=0.5 J
 (B) OVERDAMPING 35. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 (C) UNDERDAMPING DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND
 (D) NO DAMPING DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
 ANSWER: (B) OVERDAMPING  (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
29. PROBLEM: WHAT HAPPENS TO THE NATURAL  (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
FREQUENCY OF A VIBRATING SYSTEM WHEN ITS MASS IS  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
INCREASED?  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (A) IT DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (B) IT INCREASES 36. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS, NATURAL
 (D) IT BECOMES ZERO FREQUENCY, AND DAMPING RATIO?
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES  (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
30. PROBLEM: WHAT TYPE OF VIBRATION OCCURS WHEN  (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
THE SYSTEM ROTATES ABOUT ITS AXIS?  (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (A) LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION  (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (B) TORSIONAL VIBRATION  ANSWER: (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (C) TRANSVERSE VIBRATION 37. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF INCREASING THE
 (D) LATERAL VIBRATION DAMPING IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM?
 ANSWER: (B) TORSIONAL VIBRATION  (A) DECREASES THE NATURAL FREQUENCY
31. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) INCREASES THE NATURAL FREQUENCY
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS,  (C) DECREASES THE AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION
AND DAMPING RATIO?  (D) INCREASES THE AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  ANSWER: (C) DECREASES THE AMPLITUDE OF
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM VIBRATION
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 38. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
 ANSWER: (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM VIBRATION?
32. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE  (A) 0.125 S
AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION  (B) 0.25 S
SYSTEM?  (C) 0.5 S
 (A) INCREASES  (D) 0.0625 S
 (B) DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
 (D) BECOMES ZERO 0.125 S.
 ANSWER: (B) DECREASES 39. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF
33. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE CONDITION FOR CRITICAL 500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.
DAMPING IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM? WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
 (A) 𝜁<1Ζ<1  (A) 0.2
 (B) 𝜁=1Ζ=1  (B) 0.4
 (C) 𝜁>1Ζ>1  ( C) 1
 (D) 2  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 ANSWER: (B) 0.4  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
≈0.4. 46. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
40. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF THE DAMPING RATIO
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM? AND NATURAL FREQUENCY?
 (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN  (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
 (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2  (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM
 (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)  (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN  (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2  ANSWER: (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM
41. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A 47. PROBLEM: A DAMPED SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 12 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY? OF 0.2. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?
 (A) 9 HZ  (A) 11.4 HZ
 (B) 10 HZ  (B) 11.8 HZ
 (C) 11 HZ  (C) 12 HZ
 (D) 12 HZ  (D) 12.4 HZ
 ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ  ANSWER: (A) 11.4 HZ
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2  SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=12×1−0.22=11.4FD=FN
=10×1−0.12=9 HZ 1−Ζ2=12×1−0.22=11.4 HZ
42. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO 48. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF
THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES VIBRATION?
BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?  (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1
 (A) IT DECREASES  (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 (B) IT INCREASES  (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π
 (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME  (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F
 (D) IT BECOMES ZERO  ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES 49. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE
43. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS AND NATURAL SYSTEM?
FREQUENCY?  (A) INCREASES
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  (B) DECREASES
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM  (D) BECOMES ZERO
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM  ANSWER: (B) DECREASES
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM 50. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
44. PROBLEM: A 3 KG MASS OSCILLATES WITH AN DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND
AMPLITUDE OF 4 CM. WHAT IS ITS MAXIMUM POTENTIAL DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
ENERGY IF THE SPRING CONSTANT IS 500 N/M?  (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (A) 0.24 J  (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (B) 0.48 J  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (C) 0.12 J  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (D) 0.36 J  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 ANSWER: (B) 0.48 J 51. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
 SOLUTION: FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
𝑃𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥=12𝑘𝐴2=12×500×(0.04)2=0.48PEMAX VIBRATION?
=21KA2=21×500×(0.04)2=0.48 J  (A) 0.125 S
45. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) 0.25 S
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND  (C) 0.5 S
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (D) 0.0625 S
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 = 58. PROBLEM: A DAMPED SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A
0.125 S. NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 12 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
52. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF OF 0.2. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?
500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.  (A) 11.4 HZ
WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?  (B) 11.8 HZ
 (A) 0.2  (C) 12 HZ
 (B) 0.4  (D) 12.4 HZ
 ( C) 1  ANSWER: (A) 11.4 HZ
 (D) 2  SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=12×1−0.22=11.4FD=FN
 ANSWER: (B) 0.4 1−Ζ2=12×1−0.22=11.4 HZ
 SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020 59. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF
≈0.4. VIBRATION?
53. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED  (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?  (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN  (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π
 (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2  (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F
 (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)  ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN 60. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2 AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION
54. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A SYSTEM?
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO  (A) INCREASES
OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?  (B) DECREASES
 (A) 9 HZ  (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED
 (B) 10 HZ  (D) BECOMES ZERO
 (C) 11 HZ  ANSWER: (B) DECREASES
 (D) 12 HZ 61. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2 DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
=10×1−0.12=9 HZ  (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
55. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO  (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (A) IT DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (B) IT INCREASES 62. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
 (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
 (D) IT BECOMES ZERO VIBRATION?
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES  (A) 0.125 S
56. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) 0.25 S
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS AND NATURAL  (C) 0.5 S
FREQUENCY?  (D) 0.0625 S
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 0.125 S.
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 63. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM 500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.
57. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND  (A) 0.2
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (B) 0.4
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ( C) 1
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  (D) 2
 (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ANSWER: (B) 0.4
 (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020
 ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC ≈0.4.
64. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED  (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?  (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN  (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π
 (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2  (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F
 (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)  ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1
 (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN 71. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2 AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION
65. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A SYSTEM?
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO  (A) INCREASES
OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?  (B) DECREASES
 (A) 9 HZ  (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED
 (B) 10 HZ  (D) BECOMES ZERO
 (C) 11 HZ  ANSWER: (B) DECREASES
 (D) 12 HZ 72. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2 DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
=10×1−0.12=9 HZ  (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
66. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO  (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (A) IT DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (B) IT INCREASES 73. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
 (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
 (D) IT BECOMES ZERO VIBRATION?
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES  (A) 0.125 S
67. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) 0.25 S
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS AND NATURAL  (C) 0.5 S
FREQUENCY?  (D) 0.0625 S
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 0.125 S.
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 74. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM 500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.
68. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND  (A) 0.2
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (B) 0.4
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ( C) 1
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  (D) 2
 (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ANSWER: (B) 0.4
 (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020
 ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC ≈0.4.
69. PROBLEM: A DAMPED SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A 75. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 12 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?
OF 0.2. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?  (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN
 (A) 11.4 HZ  (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 (B) 11.8 HZ  (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)
 (C) 12 HZ  (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN
 (D) 12.4 HZ  ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 ANSWER: (A) 11.4 HZ 76. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=12×1−0.22=11.4FD=FN NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
1−Ζ2=12×1−0.22=11.4 HZ OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?
70. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF  (A) 9 HZ
VIBRATION?  (B) 10 HZ
 (C) 11 HZ  ANSWER: (B) DECREASES
 (D) 12 HZ 83. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL
 ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2 DAMPING COEFFICIENT?
=10×1−0.12=9 HZ  (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
77. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO  (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES  (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?  (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM
 (A) IT DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC
 (B) IT INCREASES 84. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
 (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
 (D) IT BECOMES ZERO VIBRATION?
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES  (A) 0.125 S
78. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) 0.25 S
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS AND NATURAL  (C) 0.5 S
FREQUENCY?  (D) 0.0625 S
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 0.125 S.
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 85. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM 500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.
79. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND  (A) 0.2
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (B) 0.4
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ( C) 1
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  (D) 2
 (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ANSWER: (B) 0.4
 (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020
 ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC ≈0.4.
80. PROBLEM: A DAMPED SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A 86. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 12 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
OF 0.2. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?  (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN
 (A) 11.4 HZ  (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 (B) 11.8 HZ  (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)
 (C) 12 HZ  (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 (D) 12.4 HZ
 ANSWER: (A) 11.4 HZ 87. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=12×1−0.22=11.4FD=FN
1−Ζ2=12×1−0.22=11.4 HZ OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?

81. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF  (A) 9 HZ

VIBRATION?  (B) 10 HZ
 (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1  (C) 11 HZ
 (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1  (D) 12 HZ
 (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π  ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ
 (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F  SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1 =10×1−0.12=9 HZ
82. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE 88. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO
AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES

SYSTEM? BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?

 (A) INCREASES  (A) IT DECREASES
 (B) DECREASES  (B) IT INCREASES
 (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED  (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME
 (D) BECOMES ZERO  (D) IT BECOMES ZERO
 ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES  (A) 0.125 S
89. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL  (B) 0.25 S
DAMPING COEFFICIENT IN TERMS OF MASS AND NATURAL  (C) 0.5 S
FREQUENCY?  (D) 0.0625 S
 (A) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
 (C) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 0.125 S.
 (D) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚𝜁C=Ζ2KM 96. PROBLEM: A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A STIFFNESS OF
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑐=2𝑘𝑚C=2KM 500 N/M AND A DAMPING COEFFICIENT OF 20 NS/M.
90. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL WHAT IS ITS CRITICAL DAMPING RATIO?
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND  (A) 0.2
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (B) 0.4
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ( C) 1
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  (D) 2
 (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  ANSWER: (B) 0.4
 (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  SOLUTION: 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚=202500≈0.4Ζ=2KMC=250020
 ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC ≈0.4.
91. PROBLEM: A DAMPED SPRING-MASS SYSTEM HAS A 97. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE DAMPED
NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 12 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A SYSTEM?
OF 0.2. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?  (A) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛FD=FN
 (A) 11.4 HZ  (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 (B) 11.8 HZ  (C) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛(1−𝜁2)FD=FN(1−Ζ2)
 (C) 12 HZ  (D) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=1−Ζ2FN
 (D) 12.4 HZ  ANSWER: (B) 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2FD=FN1−Ζ2
 ANSWER: (A) 11.4 HZ 98. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING-DAMPER SYSTEM HAS A
 SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=12×1−0.22=11.4FD=FN NATURAL FREQUENCY OF 10 HZ AND A DAMPING RATIO
1−Ζ2=12×1−0.22=11.4 HZ OF 0.1. WHAT IS ITS DAMPED NATURAL FREQUENCY?
92. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE PERIOD OF  (A) 9 HZ
VIBRATION?  (B) 10 HZ
 (A) 𝑇=1𝑓T=F1  (C) 11 HZ
 (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1  (D) 12 HZ
 (C) 𝑇=2𝜋𝑓T=F2Π  ANSWER: (A) 9 HZ
 (D) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2Π1F  SOLUTION: 𝑓𝑑=𝑓𝑛1−𝜁2=10×1−0.12=9FD=FN1−Ζ2
 ANSWER: (B) 𝑇=12𝜋𝑓T=2ΠF1 =10×1−0.12=9 HZ
93. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF DAMPING ON THE 99. PROBLEM: IN A VIBRATING SYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO
AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION IN A FORCED VIBRATION THE AMPLITUDE WHEN THE DAMPING RATIO INCREASES
SYSTEM? BEYOND CRITICAL DAMPING?
 (A) INCREASES  (A) IT DECREASES
 (B) DECREASES  (B) IT INCREASES
 (C) REMAINS UNCHANGED  (C) IT REMAINS THE SAME
 (D) BECOMES ZERO  (D) IT BECOMES ZERO
 ANSWER: (B) DECREASES  ANSWER: (A) IT DECREASES
94. PROBLEM: WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR THE CRITICAL 100 PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL
DAMPING RATIO IN TERMS OF MASS, STIFFNESS, AND FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF VIBRATION?
DAMPING COEFFICIENT?  (A) 0.125 S
 (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  (B) 0.25 S
 (B) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  (C) 0.5 S
 (C) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  (D) 0.0625 S
 (D) 𝜁=2𝑘𝑚𝑐Ζ=C2KM  ANSWER: (A) 0.125 S
 ANSWER: (A) 𝜁=𝑐2𝑘𝑚Ζ=2KMC  SOLUTION: PERIOD (T) = 1 / FREQUENCY (F) = 1 / 8 =
95. PROBLEM: A MASS-SPRING SYSTEM HAS A NATURAL 0.125 S.
FREQUENCY OF 8 HZ. WHAT IS ITS PERIOD OF
VIBRATION?