UNIT TEST (2024-25)

Subject: BIOLOGY Max. Marks:35

Grade: XII Time:
Name: Section: Roll No:
General Instructions:
 This question paper consists of ? printed pages.
 All answers to be written in the answer sheet provided.
I. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Which of the following amino acid substitution is responsible for causing sickle cell anaemia?

a. Valine is substituted by Glutamic acid in b. Valine is substituted by Glutamic acid in

the α globin chain at the sixth position the β globin chain at seventh position

c. Glutamic acid is substituted by Valine in d. Glutamic acid is substituted by Valine in

the α globin chain at the sixth position the β globin chain at the sixth position

2. Which of the following criteria must a molecule fulfil to act as a genetic material?

(i) It should not be able to generate its replica

(ii) It should chemically and structurally be stable

(iii) It should not allow slow mutation

(iv) It should be able to express itself in the form of Mendelian Characters

a. A. (i) and (ii) b. B. (ii) and (iii)

c. C. (iii) and (iv) d. D. (ii) and (iv)

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3. The promoter site and the terminator site for transcription are located at

a. A. 3′ (downstream) end and 5′ (upstream) b. B. 5′ (upstream) end and 3′

end, respectively of the transcription unit (downstream) end, respectively of the
transcription unit

c. C. the 5′ (upstream) end of the transcription d. D. the 3′ (downstream) end of the

unit transcription unit

4.

AUG on the mRNA will result in the activation of which of the following RNA having
correct combination of amino acids:

5. Total number of nucleotide sequences of DNA that codes for a hormone is 1530. The
proportion of different bases in the sequence is found to be Adenine = 34%, Guanine =
19%, Cytosine = 23%, Thymine = 19%. Applying Chargaff’s rule, what conclusion can be
drawn?

a. A. It is a double stranded circular DNA. b. B. It is a single stranded DNA.

c. C. It is a double stranded linear DNA. d. D. It is a single stranded DNA coiled on

Histones

6. A stretch of an euchromatin has 200 nucleosomes. How many bp will there be in the stretch

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 and what would be the length of the typical euchromatin?

a. A. 20,000 bp and 13,000 x10-9 m b. B. 10,000 bp and 10,000 x10-9 m

c. C. 40,000 bp and 13,600 x10-9 m d. D. 40,000 bp and 13,900 x10-9 m

Question No. 7 to 8 consists of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) both Assertion and Reason are false.
7. Assertion: Human Genome Project was a mega project launched to find out the complete DNA
sequence of human genome.

Reason: It was possible only with the help of genetic engineering techniques to isolate and
clone any piece of DNA and fast techniques for determining DNA sequences

8. Assertion: Sickle-cell haemoglobin has a valine in place of glutamic acid at position 6 in the β
polypeptide chain.

Reason: Sickle-cell anaemia is expressed only in homozygous recessive state

SECTION B
9. A segment of DNA-3’—TTCACGGGGATG—5’ was translated into an oligopeptide
lysine- serine- proline- tyrosine in the respective sequence.
(i) Write the codons for these four amino acids.
(ii) If the first adenine in the DNA segment is substituted by Guanine, what will be the
sequence of amino acids in the new oligopeptide?

A DNA segment has a total of 1000 nucleotides, out of which 240 of them are adenine
containing nucleotides. How many pyrimidine bases this DNA segment possesses ?
10.

11.

a) Name the molecule ‘M’ that binds with the operator.

(b) Mention the consequences of such binding.

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 (c) What will prevent the binding of the molecule ‘M’ with the operator gene? Mention the
event that follows.

SECTION C
DNA polymorphism is the basis of DNA finger printing technique. Explain.

12.
(a)Write what DNA replication refers to.

13. (b)State the properties of DNA replication model.

14. List any three enzymes involved in the replication process along with their functions.

15. A small stretch of DNA strand that codes for a polypeptide is shown below: 3'--- --- --- --- CAT
CAT AGA TGA AAC--- --- --- --- 5' 3 4 a.) Which type of mutation could have occurred in
each type resulting in the following mistakes during replication of the above original sequence?
i. 3`… … … …CAT CAT AGA TGA ATC… … …5` ii. 3`… … … …CAT ATA GAT GAA
AC… … … 5` b.) How many amino acids will be translated from each of the above strands i)
and ii)?
SECTION D
16. Read the following and answer any four questions from 20(i) to 20(v) given below: Knowledge
about the effects of DNA variations among individuals can lead to revolutionary new ways to
diagnose, treat and someday prevent the thousands of disorders that affect human beings. Besides
providing clues to understanding human biology, learning about non-human organism’s DNA
sequences can lead to an understanding of their natural capabilities that can be applied toward
solving challenges in health care, agriculture, energy production, environmental remediation. Many
non-human model organisms, such as bacteria, yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans (a free-living non-
pathogenic nematode), Drosophila (the fruit fly), plants (rice and Arabidopsis), etc., have also been
sequenced.

1 The paragraph is referring to which technique developed recently?

a) Sequencing the genome.
b) Sequencing the proteins.
c) Identifying the coding sequences among the genome.
d) All of the above.
2 The maximum number of genes are found in:
a) Chromosome 5
b) Chromosome 21
c) Chromosome 1
d) Chromosome 10
3 What percentage of genome codes for proteins?
a) 3%
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 b) 8%
c) 10%
d) 2 % Ans: d
4 A: Human Genome Project was a mega project coordinated by U.S Department of Health and Nutrition.
R: The project was Launched in 2001.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) Both A and R are false.

SECTION E
17. How did Hershey and Chase prove that DNA is the hereditary material? Expain their

experiment with suitable diagrams.

OR

i) Who explained the ‘transforming principle’ in an organism? How did the scientist perform

the experiment to explain this principle?

(ii) How was the biochemical nature of the transforming material determined? Explain.

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