LOGI 3371 ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

International Organizations

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pervin Ersoy

25/10/2023 1
• ICC commissions are specialized working bodies
composed of business experts who examine major issues
of interest to the business world.
• They prepare policy products, including statements to
contribute to intergovernmental discussions, as well as
rules and codes to facilitate international business
transactions.

• arbitration, banking, commercial law, competition, corporate

responsibility and anti-corruption, e-Business, IT and
telecoms, environment and energy, intellectual property,
marketing and advertising, taxation, trade and investment,
customs and trade facilitation.
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 The International Road Transport
Union (IRU)

The International Road Transport Union (IRU) is

the world road transport organisation, which
upholds the interests of bus, coach, taxi and
truck operators to ensure economic growth and
prosperity via the sustainable mobility of
people and goods by road worldwide.

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History
• The International Road Transport Union (IRU)
was founded in Geneva on 23 March 1948,
one year after the United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe (UNECE), to expedite
the reconstruction of war-torn Europe
through facilitated international trade by road
transport.

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History
• The IRU started as a group of national road
transport associations from eight western
European countries: Belgium, Denmark,
France, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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History
• A global industry federation of national
Member Associations and Associate Members
in 100 countries on the 5 continents, the IRU
today represents the interests of bus, coach,
taxi and truck operators worldwide, from
large fleets to individual owner-operators.

IRU represent the interests of bus, coach, taxi and

truck operators in over 100 countries, with offices in
Geneva, Brussels, Moscow, Istanbul and New York.
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History

• As such, the IRU has a truly global vision and

acts effectively at the international, regional,
national and even local level with public
authorities by implementing its motto,
"Working together for a better future".

IRU’s purpose is to help the world get where it

needs to be. It promises to lead solutions the world
needs to move better.
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• The IRU’s mission is to facilitate road
transport worldwide and ensure its
sustainable development, notably by using
vocational training to promote professional
competence in the sector and improve the
quality of services it offers.

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The IRU General Assembly is composed of the
two IRU Transport Councils (Goods and
Passenger), regrouping all Active and Associate
Members of the IRU. Vested with supreme
authority, the IRU General Assembly meets
twice a year.

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• IRU Goods Transport Council (CTM)
• IRU Passenger Transport Council (CTP)

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 The IRU Goods Transport Council
(CTM)
The IRU Goods Transport Council (CTM) is
composed of all Active Members representing
the transport of goods by road for hire and
reward, and for own account.

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Objectives

The CTM defines the IRU goods transport policy

objectives and discusses, adopts and makes
known the IRU’s position on all questions
relating to goods transport by road, with a view
to promoting and developing road freight
transport at national and international level
and to safeguarding the industry's interests.

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• Contribute to reducing waiting times for trucks
at borders;
• including measures to increase road safety;
• linking markets of road freight transport
services and contributing to the process of
globalisation
• Support operators in improving their market
position;

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• eliminating barriers and difficulties hindering
the sustainable development and progress of
the industry

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• Use and promote vocational training through
the IRU Academy to ensure the professional
competence of managers and drivers as well
as other staff in the sector;

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IRU Passenger Transport Council (CTP)

The IRU Passenger Transport Council (CTP) is

composed of all Active Members representing
the professional transport of passengers by
road including taxis and hire cars with driver.

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Objectives
• to contribute to the facilitation of sustainable mobility
by bus, coach and taxi, by eliminating barriers and
difficulties hindering the progress of the industry, and
by opposing any discriminatory measures against this
mode of transport;
• to promote the economic, social and environmental
objectives of sustainable development in the road
passenger transport sector;
• to contribute to the improvement of safety and fuel-
efficiency performance of road passenger transport
services.

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 IRU Academy
The IRU Academy is a professional road
transport training organisation with a global
reach.
The IRU Academy creates a framework for
capacity-building to enhance the efficiency,
professionalism, effectiveness and
accountability of the road transport training
industry.

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FIATA (International Federation of Freight
Forwarders Associations)
The International Federation of Freight
Forwarders Associations (FIATA) is a non-
governmental organization representing 40,000
forwarding and logistics companies, employing 8
to 10 million people in 150 countries.

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A non-governmental organization (NGO) is any
non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is
organized on a local, national or international
level.
Task-oriented and driven by people with a
common interest, NGOs perform a variety of
service and humanitarian functions, bring citizen
concerns to Governments, advocate and
monitor policies and encourage political
participation through provision of information.
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FIATA's main objectives are;
• to unite the freight forwarding industry
worldwide
• to represent, promote and protect the
interests of the industry by participating as
advisors or experts in meetings of
international bodies dealing with
transportation

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• to improve the quality of services rendered
by freight forwarders by developing and
promoting uniform forwarding documents,
standard trading conditions, etc.

• to assist with vocational training for freight

forwarders, liability insurance problems, tools
for electronic commerce including electronic
data interchange (EDI) and barcode.
• https://www.youtube.com/c/FIATAfederation

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WTO (World Trade Organizations)
The WTO provides a forum for negotiating
agreements aimed at reducing obstacles to
international trade and ensuring a level playing
field for all, thus contributing to economic
growth and development.

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More specifically, the WTO's main activities are:

— negotiating the reduction or elimination of

obstacles to trade (import tariffs, other barriers to
trade) and agreeing on rules governing the
conduct of international trade (e.g. antidumping,
subsidies, product standards, etc.)

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— administering and monitoring the
application of the WTO's agreed rules for trade
in goods, trade in services, and trade-related
intellectual property rights

— monitoring and reviewing the trade policies

of their members, as well as ensuring
transparency of regional and bilateral trade
agreements

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— conducting economic research and collecting
and disseminating trade data in support of the
WTO's other main activities

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 The United Nations Economic Commission
for Europe (UNECE or ECE)
The United Nations Economic Commission
for Europe (UNECE or ECE) was established in
1947 to encourage economic cooperation
among its member states.
It is one of five regional commissions under the
administrative direction of United Nations
headquarters.
It has 56 member states, and reports to the UN
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
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 AETR
The European Agreement Concerning the Work
of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International
Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same
as the EU rules on drivers’ hours.

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• Albania • Moldova
• Andorra • Russia
• Armenia • San Marino
• Azerbaijan • Serbia and Montenegro
• Belarus • Turkey
• Bosnia and • Turkmenistan
Herzegovina • Ukraine
• Kazakhstan • Uzbekistan
• Liechtenstein
• Macedonia
• Monaco
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What follows below is merely a brief overview.
• Breaks and Driving Limits
• Rest Periods
• Summary of AETR limits on drivers' hours
• AETR - International journeys to certain non-
EC countries

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• Breaks and Driving Limits

After a period of no more than 4.5 hours of driving, a

driver must take an uninterrupted break of at least 45
minutes, unless the driver begins a daily or weekly rest
period.
Alternatively, a full 45-minute break can be replaced by
two breaks. The first break must be at least 15 minutes
followed by a break of at least 30 minutes each
distributed over the driving period or immediately after
the driving period, as long as the total break adds up to
45 minutes.

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• Daily driving limit
The maximum daily driving time is 9 hours, which
can be increased to 10 hours twice a week.
• Weekly driving limit
The weekly driving time is a maximum of no more
than 56 hours.
• Fortnightly driving limit
The maximum fortnightly driving time during any
two consecutive weeks shall not exceed 90 hours.
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• Rest Periods
• Daily Rest Periods - This means the daily
period during which a driver may freely
dispose of his time and covers a 'regular daily
rest period' and a 'reduced daily rest period'
as follows:

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• 'Regular daily rest period' means any period
of rest of at least 11 hours. Alternatively, this
regular daily rest period may be taken in two
periods (split daily rest period), the first of
which must be an uninterrupted period of at
least 3 hours and the second an
uninterrupted period of at least 9 hours;

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• 'Reduced daily rest period' means any period of
rest of at least 9 hours but less than 11 hours;
• A 'Reduced daily rest period' can be taken no
more than 3 times in any week
• A daily rest period may be extended to make a
'regular weekly rest period' or a 'reduced weekly
rest period'. A daily rest period may be taken in a
vehicle, provided that it has suitable sleeping
facilities and is stationary.
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• Weekly Rest Periods - means the weekly period
during which a driver may freely dispose of his
time and covers a 'regular weekly rest period' and
a 'reduced weekly rest period'.
• In any two consecutive weeks, a driver shall take
at least:
• Two 'Regular weekly rest period' with each rest
period being a minimum of 45 hours; or;
• One 'Regular weekly rest period' of at least 45
hours, and One 'Reduced weekly rest period' of a
minimum of 24 consecutive hours.
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 LODER
• Logistics Association (LODER), established on
2001, is aimed at professional and sectoral
development.
• LODER accepts individual membership only
institutional membership is not possible. LODER
has about 750 members consisting professionals
from companies which receive or provide logistics
services, academics, IT professionals, industrial
equipment sales professionals and members of
the armed forces.

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 UND
• UND was established in 1974 with the identity
of a professional organization by sector
representatives who came together to solve
all kinds of problems of the Turkish road
freight transport industry on national and
international platforms.

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 UTIKAD
• UTİKAD (Association of International Forwarding
and Logistics Service Providers) in Turkey, was
founded in 1986. Being an association, it has
some 430 members which are competent
forwarding and logistics companies.
• Amongst the member forwarders, the companies
are specialized putting emphasis in certain modes
of transportation, namely road, air, ocean freight,
railway and increasingly in all modes of
transportation, the so called multimodal
transportation.
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• UTIKAD is also instrumental in representing
Turkish freight forwarding and logistics
industry on international level.
• UTIKAD is an active member of International
Federation of Freight Forwarders Association (
FIATA ) which is the largest non-governmental
organization in the field of transportation in
the world.

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UTIKAD’s objectives could be enumerated as :
– To represent, promote and protect the interests of the
industry,
– To promote a high standard of professional conduct
amongst its members, including ethics and financial
viability by establishing and continuously updating the
industry’s standard trading conditions.
– Make efforts to achieve standardization in the industry
– Help improve the quality of human resources in the
industry by arranging vocational training programs and
publications.
– Give a helping hand in planning, development and
maintenance of the international freight services
industry in Turkey.
– Support the expansion of the Turkish trade worldwide.
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 What’s CARNET?
Carnets, commonly known as “Merchandise
Passports”, are international customs
documents that simplify customs procedures
for the temporary importation of various types
of goods. In the U.S., two types are issued: ATA
and TECRO/AIT (used only Taiwan and US)
Carnets.

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 What is an ATA carnet?
The ATA Carnet is an international Customs
document that a traveler may use temporarily
to import certain goods into a country without
having to engage in the Customs formalities
usually required for the importation of goods,
and without having to pay duty or value-added
taxes on the goods.

(Temporary Admission)

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ATA Carnets are used for the 85 other countries
and territories that are members of the carnet
system.

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 Benefits of Carnets

• Carnets save time, effort, and money.

• One document – one application.
• Good for one year.
• Accepted in 85 counties and territories.
• Covers commercial samples, professional equipment, and
goods for exhibitions and fairs.
• Eliminates duties, taxes, and temporary importation
bonds (TIBs).
• Payment in U.S. Dollars.
• Paperwork in English.
• Easy exit – easy re-entry.
• No uncertainty, no hassles

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 TIR CARNET
The TIR Carnet is a customs transit document
used to prove the existence of the international
guarantee for duties and taxes for the goods
transported under the TIR system, within the
limit of the amounts specified by the
contracting parties and under conditions
stipulated in the TIR Convention.

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Each individual TIR Carnet can be used for only
one TIR transport.

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 TIR
• ‘TIR’ (Transports Internationaux Routiers or
International Road Transport) is an international
transit system based on a UN Convention
implemented at global level in Public-Private
Partnership.
• The TIR System has been facilitating and securing
trade and international road transport for over 60
years, by allowing customs-sealed vehicles and
freight containers to transit countries without
border checks.

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 Join the TIR System to:

• Streamline border crossing procedures;

• Have Customs formalities done at origin and
destination rather than at each frontier;
• Guarantee payment of Customs duties and
taxes;
• Expedite international trade and reduce costs;
• Use free of charge, web-based, pre-
declaration and risk management tools.
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 TIR System Actors

• The International Road Transport Union (IRU):

implements the TIR System under UN mandate.
• IRU Member Associations: issue TIR Carnets, guarantee
transport operations under TIR, grant access to the TIR
System to transport operators in collaboration with
national authorities.
• TIR Carnet Holders: transport operators who perform
TIR transport operations.
• National Authorities: usually Customs administrations,
grant access to the TIR System to IRU Member
Associations and transport operators.
• United Nations bodies: oversee the TIR System and
multilateral transport legislation at global level.
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