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Castro, Maria Letícia Lellis de Oliveira
C355j Justiça Restaurativa : origem, desenvolvimento e
fundamentos / Maria Letícia Lellis de Oliveira Castro. -- Franca,
2020
135 p.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista


(Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Franca
Orientadora: Josiani Julião Alves de Oliveira

1. Justiça Restaurativa. 2. Solução de Problemas. 3.


Reparação de Danos. I. Título.

Sistema de geração automática de fichas catalográficas da Unesp. Biblioteca da


Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Franca. Dados fornecidos pelo autor(a).

Essa ficha não pode ser modificada.


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