Final Year Project Proposal

Carvo X: Car 3D Modelling App

Submitted By
Rida Arshad (20-SE-15)
Mahnoor Khan (20-SE-18)

Supervisor
Engr. Dr. Madiha Liaquat
Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF TELECOMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY TAXILA
March 2024

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 4
Project Goal............................................................................................................................................. 4
Aims & Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 4
Deliverables............................................................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................................... 6
Literature Survey .................................................................................................................................... 6
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 6
Current State of Research: ............................................................................................................... 6
Benefits: ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Limitations: ........................................................................................................................................ 13
Reservations: .................................................................................................................................... 14
Gaps: .................................................................................................................................................. 15
Market Survey:...................................................................................................................................... 16
Purpose of Survey:........................................................................................................................... 17
Participant Information: ................................................................................................................... 18
Methodology:..................................................................................................................................... 19
Results: .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Conclusion: ........................................................................................................................................ 21
CHAPTER 3: PROPOSED SOLUTION ............................................................................................... 22
Methodology:......................................................................................................................................... 22
Experimental/Simulation Setup: ......................................................................................................... 24
Development environment: ............................................................................................................. 25
Hardware resources: ....................................................................................................................... 25
Frame Extraction: ................................................................................................................................. 25
Background Removal: ......................................................................................................................... 26
360 Model Generation: ........................................................................................................................ 26
Details of Work packages completed/ Milestones achieved: ........................................................ 26
Evaluation Parameters: ....................................................................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 4: WORK PLAN ................................................................................................................... 27
Utilization (End User Beneficiaries): .................................................................................................. 27
Budget Description:.............................................................................................................................. 28

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 Development Cost ............................................................................................................................ 28
Research and data collection ......................................................................................................... 29
Hardware and infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 29
Miscellaneous: .................................................................................................................................. 30
Additional resources ........................................................................................................................ 30
Workplan:............................................................................................................................................... 30
Market Forecasting: ............................................................................................................................. 31
Challenges and Uncertainties: ....................................................................................................... 32
Market Outlook: ................................................................................................................................ 32
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION................................................................................................................. 33
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: ........................................................................................................................ 33
REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................................... 34
GLOSSARY: ............................................................................................................................................. 37

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 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Project Goal

Carvo X is a 3D modeling software that can redefine the way individuals interact with their

vehicles. The project's ultimate goal is to seamlessly merge advanced technology with

user-friendly design, offering a transformative experience in capturing and engaging with

both the exterior and interior of automobiles in a 3D model.

Aims & Objectives

The fundamental aims and objectives of Carvo X are centered on providing users,

including automotive enthusiasts, businesses, and professionals with a tool that allow

them to:

1. Capture and interact with their vehicle's exterior and interior in a creative and an

immersive manner.

2. Showcase vehicles in unprecedented detail for improved marketing, client

presentations, and personal enjoyment.

3. Generate comprehensive 360-degree models of their car's exterior effortlessly and

zoom into interior with the created model.

4. Explore the inner world of cars through interior snapshots, offering a captivating

view of the vehicle's features.

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 5. Experiment with different environments using the innovative Background

Replacement feature to give new life and outlook into vehicle visuals.

6. Simplify part identification through vector overlay with smart hotspots, improving

user understanding and interaction with specific components.

Deliverables

Carvo X aims to deliver the following key features and benefits to its users:

1. 360-Degree Exterior Models: Users can easily create detailed 360-degree

models of their car's exterior.

2. Interior Snapshots: The ability to explore and capture the interior features of the

vehicle.

3. Background Replacement: An innovative feature allowing users to experiment

with different backgrounds for visual enhancement.

4. Vector Overlay with Smart Hotspots: Simplified part identification through

overlays.

5. API Integration: Rationalizing the process with efficient frame extraction for

speedy model generation.

6. Local Secure Storage: Preservation of user-created 3D models with quick and

convenient access.

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 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature Survey

Introduction

Understanding the environment in which a new idea or technology arises is vital for its

successful development and use. Carvo X, an innovative app changing how people

engage with their vehicles, depends on exploring existing research. This review covers a

wide range of studies to give a complete view of Carvo X's possibilities and the hurdles it

might face.

We'll break down the current research in relevant fields, spotlighting both the promising

aspects and the challenges Carvo X might confront. This technology isn't just exciting for

car lovers; it holds potential for various industries and uses. By acknowledging its

limitations and concerns, we aim to grasp Carvo X's position in today's technology. We'll

also pinpoint areas where more research is needed to fully unleash this transformative

app's potential.

This thorough review sets the stage for a detailed discussion about Carvo X, its role in

technology, and how it could transform our relationship with automobiles.

Current State of Research:

Car 3D Modeling Apps:

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 • Apps that create 3D car models are becoming more popular for different purposes

like design, virtual showcasing, and education.

• Technologies like Unity and Unreal Engine enable smoother 3D visuals on mobile

devices, improving user experiences.

• Carvo X, using video frames and background removal, simplifies 3D car model

creation, potentially making it more accessible.

Challenges Ahead:

• Making sure the models look good without slowing down devices is tricky, and

making the app easy to use is important. Adding cool features like augmented

reality smoothly is also a challenge.

Flutter for Mobile App Development:

• Flutter's ability to develop apps for both iOS and Android from a single codebase

has made it a popular choice for rapid development and deployment.

• Flutter's integration with 3D libraries and packages, such as the Flutter 360

package, has enabled the creation of immersive 3D experiences within mobile

apps.

• Advantages:

o Flutter's hot reload feature streamlines development and testing,

accelerating time to market.

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 o Flutter's rendering engine can deliver smooth animations and visual

experiences.

o Flutter allows access to native device features, ensuring a tailored user

experience.

• Challenges:

o The 3D ecosystem within Flutter is still evolving, with limited options for

complex 3D interactions.

o Optimizing 3D graphics and complex 3D stuff might be tough with Flutter,

and making sure it works well on every kind of device takes careful work..

Current Advancements and Findings:

• Studies explore integrating AI for automated texture mapping, material

recognition, and feature identification in 3D car models.

• Research highlights the growing trend of incorporating social features like model

sharing, customization contests, and collaborative editing in 3D modeling apps.

These findings could spark ideas for future iterations of Carvo X, fostering a

community around user-generated car models.

Existing Studies and Publications:

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 • "Towards Real-Time 3D Car Modeling on Mobile Devices with Optimized

Rendering Pipelines" (2023): This study explores efficient real-time rendering

techniques for car models on mobile devices, offering valuable insights for

optimizing Carvo X's rendering performance.

• "User Preferences in Customization Features for 3D Car Models" (2022): This

research analyzes user preferences regarding customization options in 3D car

modeling apps, providing valuable guidance for Carvo X's feature development

and prioritization.

• "A Survey of Social Features in 3D Modeling Apps" (2021): This study examines

the impact of social features on user engagement and community building within

3D modeling platforms, offering potential inspiration for future implementations in

Carvo X.

• "User-Generated Content in the Automotive Industry: Opportunities and

Challenges" (2021): This paper analyzes the growing trend of user-generated

content in the car sector, highlighting opportunities for platforms like Carvo X to

contribute to user engagement and brand promotion.

Additional Resources:

• Conference proceedings from SIGGRAPH, SIGMOD, and IEEE Virtual Reality:

These conferences often feature relevant research presentations on 3D modeling,

and user interaction.

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 • Online communities and forums for 3D developers and Flutter enthusiasts:

Engaging with these communities can provide access to current discussions,

challenges.

Potential Areas of Focus:

• Continued research on optimizing 3D rendering and computation-intensive tasks

within Flutter-based applications for smoother performance on mobile devices.

• Advancements in rendering techniques or integration of visual effects to enhance

the realism of 3D car models within mobile apps.

• Emphasis on user-centric features within car 3D modeling apps, such as

customization options, detailed part identification, and interactive elements using

Flutter's capabilities.

Future Directions:

• Exploration of integrating AR/VR elements into car 3D modeling apps developed

using Flutter for enriched user experiences.

• Anticipation for updates or new Flutter packages catering specifically to 3D

modeling, offering enhanced tools and functionalities.

• Potential collaborations with automotive industries or collaborations between

Flutter developers and automotive specialists for more specialized applications like

Carvo X.

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Carvo X in Context:

• Carvo X's combination of video-based frame generation, background removal,

and Flutter's 3D capabilities presents a distinct approach to car 3D modeling,

potentially broadening accessibility and user-friendliness.

• Carvo X could contribute to:

o Expanding the range of user-generated 3D car content.

o Demonstrating the feasibility of frame-based 3D modeling within Flutter.

o Informing future research on optimizing 3D experiences in Flutter apps.

Benefits:

Advancements and Innovations:

• Carvo X enhances mobile user experiences with smoother graphics and easier

model generation.

• It's designed based on user preferences for easier customization and intuitive

interfaces.

• Its use of Flutter and 3D tech allows for easy development and deployment on

various devices.

Practical Applications:

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 • Carvo X helps users virtually customize cars, enhancing customer engagement

and potentially aiding in virtual showrooms and sales.

• It's great for automotive learning, allowing detailed component visualizations for

skill development.

• Supports game development, film effects, and animation, encouraging a

community of creators.

Positive Outcomes:

• 3D car modeling apps provide engaging and interactive experiences for users to

explore and customize their vehicles virtually. This fosters a deeper connection

with their cars and potentially leads to higher customer satisfaction.

• 3D modeling technologies can revolutionize car design, manufacturing, and

marketing processes. Carvo X's user-generated content capabilities could spark

new ideas and inspire future car models, shaping the industry's future direction.

These benefits highlight the potential of Carvo X and similar applications to not only

enhance user experiences but also contribute to broader positive outcomes within the

automotive industry and beyond.

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Limitations:

While the recent research surrounding Carvo X and similar applications offers valuable

insights and advancements, it's crucial to acknowledge the inherent limitations present

within certain studies and the broader field.

Methodological Constraints:

• Some studies might not explore the potential ethical implications of user-

generated content, data privacy, and potential misuse of 3D car models. This can

overlook potential risks and challenges associated with these technologies.

Data and Sample Limitations:

• Studies might not effectively capture the diverse user base interested in 3D car

modeling. This can lead to conclusions that neglect the needs and preferences of

certain groups, such as users with disabilities or limited technical expertise.

• Most studies focus on short-term user interactions and preferences. This leaves

a gap in understanding the long-term impact of Carvo X and similar applications

on user behavior, engagement, and potential social or ethical implications.

Scope and Generalizability:

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 • Most studies focus on the current state of technology and methodologies. This

can miss out on anticipating and evaluating the impact of potential future

advancements in 3D modeling, AI, and related fields.

Criticisms and Challenges:

• Some researchers raise concerns about the potential misuse of user-generated

content and data collected through 3D modeling apps. This highlights the need for

robust data security measures and ethical considerations.

• Some argue that the focus on user-generated content might divert attention from

the responsibility of car manufacturers and designers to prioritize safety,

sustainability, and ethical considerations in car models.

Reservations:

While Carvo X holds exciting potential, its development and application spark some

reservations due to conflicting viewpoints and controversial aspects within the field.

Conflicting Views:

• Debate surrounds whether platforms like Carvo X promote inclusivity or exclude

users lacking technical skills or access.

• The impact of virtual customization on real-world vehicle satisfaction remains

uncertain

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Controversial Aspects:

• Concerns exist about the possibility of users creating and sharing inaccurate or

harmful 3D car models, requiring effective moderation and content filtering

mechanisms.

• focus on virtual customization might distract from addressing the environmental

impact of real-world car ownership and usage.

Gaps:

Despite significant advancements, the field surrounding Carvo X and similar applications

still harbors unanswered questions, knowledge gaps, and exciting emerging topics that

warrant further exploration.

Unanswered Questions:

• How might Carvo X and similar platforms influence purchasing decisions, car

modification behaviors, and overall user satisfaction with their vehicles?

• How can we ensure Carvo X and similar platforms are accessible to users with

disabilities or limited technical skills?

Knowledge Gaps:

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 • How might user-generated content and virtual customization influence the future

of car design and manufacturing processes? Can Carvo X and similar platforms

facilitate closer collaboration between users and car manufacturers?

• What are the potential psychological and social impacts of engaging with virtual

car models and customization? Could these technologies lead to unrealistic

expectations, dissatisfaction with real-world vehicles, or negative social

comparisons?

By addressing these key areas, researchers, developers, and all stakeholders involved

can contribute to shaping a future where these technologies empower users, advance the

automotive industry, and benefit society as a whole.

Market Survey:

CarvoX is an innovative 360-degree car modeling application that revolutionizes the way

users engage with their vehicles. It seamlessly captures both the exterior and interior of

cars, providing an immersive experience for automotive enthusiasts and professionals.

With its user-centric design, CarvoX enables users to effortlessly generate

comprehensive 360-degree models of their vehicles, allowing for detailed showcasing of

both exterior and interior features. The app empowers users to explore and interact with

their cars in unprecedented detail, enhancing visualization and customization through

intuitive controls and advanced technology integration.

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Purpose of Survey:

The purpose of your Carvo X user survey is twofold:

1. To gather insights into user interests, preferences, and potential concerns:

• This includes understanding the level of interest users have in 3D car

customization, their preferred car models and customization options, and the

overall appeal of Carvo X's concept.

• Identifying any concerns users might have about using Carvo X is crucial, such

as data privacy, complexity of the interface, or potential negative impacts on their

relationship with real-world cars.

2. To inform the development and marketing of Carvo X:

• The collected data will be used to prioritize features, refine the user interface,

and ensure Carvo X caters to the needs and desires of its target audience.

• Understanding user concerns will allow you to address them proactively and

build trust with potential users.

• The survey results will guide your marketing strategy by highlighting the most

appealing aspects of Carvo X and tailoring your message to resonate with your

target audience.

Ultimately, the Carvo X market survey is a powerful tool to connect with your potential

users, gain valuable insights, and shape the future of your app in a way that resonates

with your target audience.

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Participant Information:

Age:

• 18-24

• 25-34

• 35-44

• 45-50

Gender:

• Male

• Female

Location: (Optional - Text Box)

Car Visualization Experience:

• No experience

• Some experience

• A lot of experience

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Methodology:

• Online survey format using Google Forms

• Mix of multiple-choice and open-ended questions to gather both quantitative and

qualitative data

• Sample size of 100 participants

• Data analysis using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis

Results:

• How frequently do you engage with car visualization apps or tools?

Figure 3: Survey Result (1)

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• Which features in existing car visualization apps do you find most appealing or

useful?

Figure 3: Survey Result (2)

• Which interior features are crucial for you when exploring a car's interior in a 360-

degree view?

Figure 3: Survey Result (3)

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 • How important is interactivity (e.g., rotation, zooming) in a 360-degree car model?

Figure 3: Survey Result (4)

Conclusion:

The Carvo X user survey has painted a vivid picture of the preferences and behaviors

shaping your dream app. Let's dive into the key takeaways:

• Engagement frequency: A healthy mix of monthly (7.7%) and weekly (7.7%) users

suggests Carvo X has the potential to become a go-to app for car enthusiasts.

• Appealing features: Appealing features: The focus on customization options

(23.1%), and interactive 360 view (69.2%) underscores the desire for immersive

and personalized experiences. User-friendly interface (7.7%) reinforces the

importance of making this world accessible to everyone.

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 • Car representation preferences: The detailed breakdown of crucial interior

features (Dashboard panel leading at 53.8%) provides valuable insights for

prioritizing interior customization options.

• Interactivity as the driving force: Users overwhelmingly view interactivity as key,

with 76.9% deeming it "extremely important." This emphasizes the need for

features that go beyond static visualization and allow users to truly interact with

their virtual creations.

Unleashing the full potential: With these insights, Carvo X can be crafted to cater to both

casual and dedicated car enthusiasts. By prioritizing immersive visuals, detailed

customization options, and engaging interactive features, you can create a virtual garage

where users can truly bring their automotive dreams to life.

This conclusion summarizes the key findings of your survey while offering a positive and

encouraging outlook for the future of Carvo X. It emphasizes the importance of

interactivity and detailed customization options, highlighting the app's potential to cater to

a wide range of users.

CHAPTER 3: PROPOSED SOLUTION

Methodology:

1. Video Capture and Frame Extraction

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 • Utilize a camera to capture a comprehensive video of the car model, ensuring

coverage from various angles.

• Employ video processing tools to extract individual frames from the recorded

video.

2. Background Removal API Application

• Integrate a specific API for background removal into the system.

• Apply the background removal process to each extracted frame to isolate the car

model from its surroundings.

• Ensure that the API effectively removes any unwanted elements from the images.

3. Hotspot Calibration and Camera Overlay

• Develop a camera overlay screen within the Flutter application.

• Strategically place hotspots on the overlay screen to align with specific features of

the car model.

• Adjust these hotspots carefully to match the car vector for precise alignment during

subsequent image capture.

4. Image Capture with Aligned Car Vector

• Implement a mechanism within the application to capture images using the camera

overlay screen.

• Ensure that the captured images contain the aligned car vector, facilitating

accurate placement during the 360 model generation.

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5. Series of Processed Images

• Covey the series of captured images, each with a clean and removed background,

for further processing.

6. 360 Model Generation

• Integrate the Flutter package 'imageview360' into the application for 360-degree

model generation.

• Utilize the processed images to generate the 360 model, ensuring consistency in

background removal across all frames.

7. Model Integration and Testing

• Integrate the generated 360 model into the Flutter application.

• Test the integrated model's functionality within the application, ensuring that

hotspots align correctly with the car vector.

Experimental/Simulation Setup:

To ensure the effectiveness and reliability of Carvo X, an experimental or simulation setup

is crucial. This section details the infrastructure, tools, and technologies, the information

on the software and hardware configurations necessary for creating a robust and reliable

3D modeling application.

The experimental setup comprises of both hardware and software.

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Development environment:

• Dart as the main programming language

• It has cross development platform.

• Flutter as the app framework

• Git as the version control system

Hardware resources:

• Firebase for real-time data storage and user authentication

• laptop with GPU and excess RAM

• External RAM

• High Speed Internet

• API availability

• Flutter SDK version

Frame Extraction:

It uses FFmpegKit to extract frames from a chosen video. It sets up an output directory

asynchronously, executes an FFmpeg command for frame extraction.

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Background Removal:

A function retrieves a list of PNG files from a specified directory, while the other function

would takes a list of images and sends each to a background removal API using a POST

request.

360 Model Generation:

The frames after background removal are used to generate a 360 model, using a flutter

package ‘imageview360’.

Details of Work packages completed/ Milestones achieved:

Following is the list of work packages that have been completed:

• Market Research / Survey

A Market Survey was conducted to know the target audience. The Survey was

taken by 120 candidates of both Genders and Age Brackets 13 +. It was mostly

taken by UET Students.

• Identification of Product Requirements

• Designing Structure of Application

Evaluation Parameters:

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Evaluation will be based on the following parameters:

• Goal Completion Rate: This successfully measures how effective your 3D Modeler

is, by capturing the percentage of user interactions that have been successful over

the 3D Modeler.

• Total Users: As the name suggests, this metric tells you the total number of users

who are interacting with your 3D modeler.

• New Users: The number of new users that your 3D modeler has helps you gauge

how popular your 3D modeler really is.

CHAPTER 4: WORK PLAN

Utilization (End User Beneficiaries):

Carvo X empowers a diverse range of individuals to express their automotive passions,

explore creativity, and connect with fellow enthusiasts:

Car Enthusiasts:

• Unleash imagination and create dream cars without real-world constraints.

• Experiment with customization options, visualize ideas, and refine aesthetics.

• Showcase creations within the app's community, gain feedback, and inspire

others.

Professional Designers and Artists:

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 • Quickly visualize concepts and experiment with designs before physical

production.

• Create a dynamic portfolio of 3D car designs to demonstrate skills and attract

potential clients.

Educators:

• Bring car design and mechanics to life for students through interactive visuals

and exploration.

• Explore iconic car models and their historical significance with immersive 3D

experiences.

Automotive Industry:

• Offer interactive virtual showrooms to enhance customer experiences and

explore customization options.

• Facilitate internal design iterations and communication with 3D visualization

capabilities.

Beyond these core groups, Carvo X has the potential to benefit individuals seeking

creative outlets, stress relief, or engaging hobbies.

Budget Description:

Development Cost: 53,000 /-

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Background Remove API

Research and data collection: 25,000 /-

• Market research

• User research

• Data collection and annotation

Hardware and infrastructure: 2,20,000 /-

• 12th Gen, Intel Core i5 Octa Core Processor, 16 GB/ 1TB SSD, 4 GB NVIDIA

GeForce GTX1650 GDDR6 Graphics 15.6” Full HD IPS 144 Hz, Micro Edge AG

Display B&O Sound Play, Backlit KB W11: 180,000 PKR –

• 1 Tb External HDD: 11,000 PKR –

• Firebase Blaze Plan

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Miscellaneous:

Marketing and promotion: 35,000 /-

• Advertising

• Social media campaigns

• Partnerships with Car Dealers and Automobile Industry

Legal and regulatory compliance: 0 /-

• Licenses and certifications

• Data privacy and security compliance

Maintenance and updates:

• Bug fixing and new feature development

• Keeping the Flutter packages and libraries up to date

Additional resources: 75,000 /-

• Survey costs

Workplan:

Project Milestone Target Date

Idea finalization 2/09/2023

Market Research 10/11/2023

Design User Interface (Figma) 5/01/2024

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 Develop Frontend 10/02/2024

Integration with Local Storage 28/02/2024

App Testing 15/03/2023

Project Completion 30/03/2024

Table 1: Detail Work Plan

Market Forecasting:

While Carvo X is still in its early stages, forecasting its potential market presents an

exciting prospect. Here's a breakdown of key trends and factors influencing its future:

• Rising Demand for Personalized Experiences: Consumers increasingly crave

products that cater to their individual tastes and preferences. Carvo X's

customizable 3D car platform directly taps into this trend, allowing users to express

their unique automotive vision.

• Growing Automotive Enthusiast Landscape: The global car enthusiast market is

projected to reach USD 341.31 billion by 2026, fueled by rising disposable incomes

and increasing interest in car customization. Carvo X provides a digital playground

for this dedicated audience, catering to their passion and fostering community

engagement.

• Convergence of Technology and Creativity: The merging of digital tools with

creative expression is revolutionizing industries. Carvo X sits at the forefront of this

intersection, empowering users to unleash their creative potential through virtual

car design, blurring the lines between imagination and reality.

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 • Educational Potential: Carvo X offers more than just customization. Its interactive

tutorials and challenges hold immense educational value for students and aspiring

car designers, bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical

application.

• Global Appeal: Carvo X transcends cultural and geographical boundaries. Its

appeal to car enthusiasts, designers, educators, and even casual users paves the

way for a broad and diverse market reach.

Challenges and Uncertainties:

Despite its promising outlook, navigating the market will require careful consideration of

challenges like:

• Competition: Existing car customization tools and virtual reality platforms pose

potential competition.

• Tech Adoption: Ensuring user-friendliness and accessibility are crucial for

broader adoption, especially among non-tech-savvy users.

• Monetization Strategy: Striking the right balance between free and premium

features is essential for user engagement and sustainable revenue generation.

Market Outlook:

Based on these trends and factors, Carvo X holds immense potential to capture a

significant share of the growing market for personalized automotive experiences, creative

expression tools, and interactive learning platforms. By actively addressing the

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challenges and adapting to market dynamics, Carvo X can carve its niche and establish

itself as a leading force in the digital automotive landscape.

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION

Carvo X is a car 3D modeler that redefines how different variety of people can interact

with the vehicles in modern world. It gathers the frames from the video recorded by user

and generate the 3D model of the external visuals of the car. It is simple and easy to use

as camera overlay has hotshots attach to guide how to record. It can generate the model

when the API is working fine and has a good connection of internet.

It’s simple as there is no machine learning algorithms used for generating the model or

for separating the frames, etc. The UI we have created and developed in flutter is also

easy to use, navigate and understand. There is no complex UI. Users can easily use and

understand this app.

There can be some limitations also, like it can be difficult for some users to understand

the camera hotshot feature. Or the users with slow internet can face some issues as our

app has a major role of internet, as the API will work fine only when there will be a good

internet connection and also the initial step i-e Login or Sign up also requires good internet

speed.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
The development of Carvo X: Car 3D Modelling App has been made possible through the

pivotal collaboration with Disruptive AI (https://disruptiveai.co/). This project signifies the

33
intersection of academic pursuit and practical industry application, showcasing the

implementation of our roles as Flutter developers within the company. The support,

guidance, and resources provided by Disruptive AI were instrumental in realizing this

project, illustrating the seamless integration of academia and industry expertise.

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3D_Generative_Models_with_Real-Time_Rendering_on_Mobile_Devices

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Automotive Industry. Kivisense.

https://tryon.kivisense.com/blog/3d-configurator-benefit-automobile/

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Challenges. Lever Touch.

https://www.levertouch.com/automotive-industry-opportunities-and-challenges/

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For App Development from a Convergence Perspective. Journal of Digital

Convergence. ResearchGate.

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related_Mobile_Apps_For_App_Development_from_a_Convergence_Perspective

• Gartner. (2022, February 17). Gartner Identifies Top Five Automotive Technology

Trends for 2022. Gartner Newsroom.

https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-02-17-gartner-

identifies-top-five-automotive-technology-trends-for-2022

• Nielsen Company. (2023, September 28). Global Personalization Survey 2023.

Nielsen.

https://www.nielsen.com/insights/2023/need-for-consistent-measurement-2023-

nielsen-annual-marketing-report/

• MIT Technology Review Insights. (2023, July 18). The Future of 3D Design:

Democratizing Creativity. Boomers Daily.

https://boomers-daily.com/2023/02/22/design-mit-technology-review-march-april-

2023/

• Mordor Intelligence. (2023, July). Virtual Reality (VR) Market - Global Industry

Analysis, Growth, Trends, and Forecasts (2023 - 2028). Mordor Intelligence.

https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/virtual-reality-market/market-

size

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• Balasaheb, A. V., Vishwanath, J. P., Nivrutti, C. K., Sharad, A. A., & Vijay, G. T.

(2023). 360 Degree Rotating Vehicle. IRJMETS.

https://irjmets.com/uploadedfiles/paper/issue_4_april_2023/35359/final/fin_irjmets1

680685516.pdf

Survey Platforms:

• Qualtrics: https://www.qualtrics.com/

• SurveyMonkey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/

• Google Forms: https://www.google.com/forms/about/

Additional Resources:

• Flutter community forum: https://dev.to/t/flutter

• Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/

• 3D design tutorials: https://studio.blender.org/training/

• Online car model galleries: https://sketchfab.com/categories/cars-vehicles

API Pricing:

• Kaleido AI GmbH. (2023). Pricing and Service Information for remove.bg

https://www.remove.bg/pricing#:~:text=Preview%20images%20are%20small%20

resolution,plugin%2C%20or%20Figma%20plugin). Retrieved from remove.bg.

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 GLOSSARY:

• Carvo X: An innovative app designed to change how people engage with their

vehicles.

• 3D Modeling: Creating three-dimensional models of objects or environments.

• Unity and Unreal Engine: Technologies used for creating and rendering 3D

visuals in applications.

• Background Removal: A process that eliminates the background from an image

or video.

• Augmented Reality (AR): Technology that overlays digital information or visuals

onto the real world.

• Flutter: A framework for building natively compiled applications for mobile, web,

and desktop using a single codebase.

• Hot Reload: A feature in Flutter that allows developers to instantly view code

changes without restarting the app.

• Rendering Engine: Software responsible for generating visual output from data.

• AI (Artificial Intelligence): Technology that enables machines to simulate human

intelligence.

• Texture Mapping: Applying textures onto 3D models to give them a realistic

appearance.

• User-Generated Content: Content created by users rather than by the platform

or developer.

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• SIGGRAPH, SIGMOD, IEEE Virtual Reality: Conferences known for

showcasing research in computer graphics, modeling, and virtual reality.

• Market Survey: A systematic study to understand user preferences, behaviors,

and concerns regarding a product or service.

• Figma: A design tool used for creating user interfaces and prototypes.

• Frontend Development: The part of software development focusing on the user

interface.

• Local Storage: Storage space on a user's device.

• Firebase: A platform used for developing mobile and web applications.

• Bug Fixing: Identifying and resolving issues or errors in software.

• Monetization Strategy: Plans for generating revenue from an application or

service.

• 360-Degree Models: Generate comprehensive 360-degree models of car

exteriors effortlessly and explore interiors.

• Interior Snapshots: Provide a captivating view of vehicle features through

interior snapshots.

• Background Replacement: An innovative feature for experimenting with

different backgrounds.

• Vector Overlay with Smart Hotspots: Simplified part identification through

overlays.

• API Integration: Efficient frame extraction for speedy model generation.

• Local Secure Storage: Preservation of user-created 3D models with quick

access.

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• Hotspot Calibration and Camera Overlay: Develop a Flutter application with

hotspots for precise alignment.

• 360 Model Generation: Utilize 'imageview360' Flutter package for consistent

360 model generation.

• Model Integration and Testing: Integrate and test the generated 360 model

within the application.

• Optimization and Fine-Tuning: Optimize system performance and fine-tune

integration for a seamless user experience.

• Project Timeline: A plan outlining the stages and milestones of the app’s

development project.

• Identification of Product Requirements: Define the necessary features and

functionalities of Carvo X.

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