‫ﺘﻤـﺎﺭﻴـﻥ ﻭ ﻤﺸﻜــﻼﺕ‪:‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪1‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﻜل ﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺔ× ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﻜل ﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺨﺎﻁﺌﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫– ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪x a x3 - 5 x‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪x a 3x2 - 5‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬

‫– ﻜل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺩﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪ F‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫– ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f2‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪F ¢¢‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F¢‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺤﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫– ﻜل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫‪x0‬‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻌﺩﻡ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪ – 7‬ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪x a sin 2 x‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ x a cos2 x‬ﻋﻠﻰ ¡‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪xa‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪xa‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬
‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺇﺤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫)‪f (n‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪x a cos x + sin x‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪x a sin x - cos x‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺘﺎﻥ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪G‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫– ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺘﺎ‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ h( x) - g( x) = k‬ﻭ ¡ ‪k Î‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ‪:I‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫[‪]0; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪xa‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪13‬‬

‫– ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺇﺤﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺩ‪0‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻌﺩﻡ‬ ‫‪x a x3‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪15‬‬

‫‪x a 3x2‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫– ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫ﻭﺤﻴﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.I‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫– ﻜل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪17‬‬

‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫]‪[ a; b‬‬ ‫‪ -18‬ﻜل ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺸﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫]‪[ a; b‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫)‪x a ( x 2 + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪19‬‬
‫‪1 2‬‬
‫(‬ ‫‪x + 1) + k‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫¡‪kÎ‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪xa‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x a å ai xi‬‬ ‫– ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫‪i =0‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪ai‬‬
‫‪xaå‬‬ ‫‪xi+1 + k‬‬
‫‪i =0‬‬ ‫‪i +1‬‬
 . 2‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‬
: ‫ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ f ‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

1) f ( x ) = 2 x - 1 2) f ( x ) = x 2 - 4 x + 3
3) f ( x ) = -3 x 3 + 5 x 2 - 4 4) f ( x ) = x 4 - x 3
4 1 1
5) f ( x ) = 2 6) f ( x ) = 2 - 3
x x x
1 1
7) f ( x ) = 8) f ( x ) =
x x-1
sin 2 x
9) f ( x ) = cos 2 x - sin 2 x 10) f ( x ) =
cos 3 x
3‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‬
.

‫ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ f ‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

1) f ( x ) = x 2 ( x 3 + 1) 2) f ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( x2 + 2 x - 1)
2 3

x x -1
3) f ( x ) = 4) f ( x ) =
(x + 1) (x - 2 x + 4)
2 3
2 2

x3 x
5) f ( x ) = 6) f ( x ) =
x4 + 1 x2 - 1
1 æ pö
7) f ( x ) = cos ç x - ÷ 8) f ( x ) = cos 2 x - sin 3 x
2 è 2ø
9) f ( x ) = sin x.cos x
3
10) f ( x ) = cos2 x.sin 2 x
 ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪4‬‬
‫‪F ( 0) = 0‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪1) f ( x ) = sim‬‬ ‫‪+ cos‬‬ ‫= ) ‪2) f ( x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x +1‬‬
‫¡=‪I‬‬ ‫[ ‪I= ]­1;+¥‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= ) ‪3) f ( x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪4) f ( x ) = x n ­1 ; n Î ¥‬‬
‫)‪( x + 2‬‬
‫[‪I= ]­¥; - 2‬‬ ‫¡=‪I‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ) ‪5) f ( x‬‬ ‫‪6) f ( x ) = x + 1 -‬‬
‫‪cos 2 x‬‬ ‫)‪( x + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ù p pé‬‬
‫‪I= ú - ; ê‬‬ ‫[ ‪I= ]­1;+¥‬‬
‫‪û 2 2ë‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪7) f ( x ) = sin x .cos n x‬‬ ‫= ) ‪8) f ( x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪( x + 2) ( x + 2‬‬
‫¡=‪I‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪n Î¥‬‬ ‫[‪I= ]­¥; - 2‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪5‬‬
‫‪f ( x ) = sin 3 x‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪x=0‬‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬
 ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪6‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪x - 3x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪( x - 1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪Df‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻋﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ‬

‫‪c‬‬
‫‪f ( x ) = ax + b +‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪( x - 1‬‬
‫ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ b‬ﻭ‪c‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫[‪]1; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪x=2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻌﺩﻡ ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫[‪]1; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪7‬‬
‫‪g( x) = 3 - 2x‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‪:‬‬ ‫‪g‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫ﺤﻴﺙ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻨﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = (a x 2 + b x + g ) 3 - 2 x‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪g‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪b‬ﻭ ‪g‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬

‫‪ù‬‬ ‫‪3é‬‬
‫‪ú‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫;‬
‫‪û‬‬ ‫‪2 êë‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺃﻨﺸﺊ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪. g‬‬
 ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪8‬‬
‫‪f ( x) = sin x + sin 3 x : f‬‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪f ¢¢ ( x‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫( ﺍﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫( ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f ¢¢ ( x ) + a f ( x ) = b sin x‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪æp ö‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪H ç ÷=1‬‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫( ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪è‬‬‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪ø‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪.9‬‬

‫¡‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫¡‪F .‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻓﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫)‪G ( x) = F ( x) - F (- x‬‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪G‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪G‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪.10‬‬

‫‪x2 + 1‬‬
‫= )‪. f ( x‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪x2 + x + 1‬‬
‫ﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬
‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫– ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﺒل ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫– ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻌﺩﻡ‬ ‫[ ‪]0; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫– ﻟﺘﻜﻥ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ .‬ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ – 4‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪F‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪ – 5‬ﻨﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ¡ +‬ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺘﺎﻥ ‪H‬‬
 ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪H ( x) = F ( x) - x‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪K ( x) = F ( x) -‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ¡ +‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫­ ﺍﺩﺭﺱ‬

‫‪x³0‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫­‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪x £ F ( x) £ x‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫) ‪. lim F ( x‬‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫­‬
‫‪x ® +¥‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺤﻼ ﻭﺤﻴﺩﺍ‬ ‫‪F ( x) = p‬‬ ‫– ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪p £a £ p‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪11‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪y¢ = x 2 +‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪... ( 1‬‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻀﻠﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪( x + 1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫­ ﻋﻴﻥ ﺤﻼ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻀﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫­ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺤل ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻨﻌﺩﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ‪x = 0‬‬

‫­ ﻨﻀﻊ ‪ . y = f ( x ) :‬ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬

‫­ ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪. f‬‬

‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻼﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬ ‫­‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜل ﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪f ( -2 ) , f ( 0 ) , f ( 2 ) , f ( 1‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ‪:‬‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺸﺊ‬ ‫­‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪.12‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻀﻠﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪x=2‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺤل ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫‪x +1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡‪x Î‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫= ‪y¢‬‬
‫‪x2 + 2 x + 8‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺒﻭﻀﻊ‪ . y = f ( x ) :‬ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜل‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻼﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫) ‪f ( ­5 ) , f ( ­4 ) , f ( ­2 ) , f ( 3 ) , f ( 2 ) , f ( 0‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺤﺴﺏ ﻜل ﻤﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫ﺜﻡ ﺃﻨﺸﺊ‬ ‫‪10-2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

 ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﻠــــــﻭل‪:‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪1‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(4‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(3‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(2‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(8‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(7‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(6‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(12‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(11‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(10‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(16‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(15‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(14‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(13‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(20‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(19‬‬ ‫√‬ ‫‪(18‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(17‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪2‬‬

‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( x) = 2x - 1‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪F ( x ) = x2 - x + k‬‬ ‫¡ ‪,k Î‬‬

‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( x) = x2 - 4x + 3‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x3‬‬
‫= )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫‪- 2 x2 + 3 x + k‬‬ ‫¡ ‪,k Î‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = -3 x 3 + 5 x 2 - 4‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5 3‬‬

‫‪F ( x ) = - x4 +‬‬ ‫¡ ‪x - 4x + k ; k Î‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = x4 - x3 :‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬

‫‪1 5 1 4‬‬
‫= )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫¡‪x - x + k ; kÎ‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ f ( x ) = 2‬ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪D f = ¡ * :‬‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫[‪ ]-¥; 0‬ﻭ [ ‪]0; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪:‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪.F‬‬ ‫= )‪( x‬‬ ‫¡ ‪+ k; k Î‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫*¡ = ‪D f‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x3‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺩﺍﻟﺘﻴﻥ ﻨﺎﻁﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﻴﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫[ ‪]0; +¥‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫[‪]-¥; 0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+k‬‬ ‫¡ ‪,k Î‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2x2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪D f = ¡ *+‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪ (7‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﻤﻘﻠﻭﺏ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪Df‬‬

‫‪F ( x) = 2 x + k‬‬ ‫¡‪; kÎ‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫[‪D f = ]1; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪(8‬‬
‫‪x -1‬‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻘﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﺭﻜﺏ ﺩﺍﻟﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺘﻴﻥ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫¡ ‪F ( x) = 2 x - 1 + k ; k Î‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = cos 2 x - sin 2 x‬‬ ‫‪(9‬‬

‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪f ( x ) = cos 2 x‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

 ‫‪1‬‬
‫¡ ‪F ( x ) = sin 2 x + k ; k Î‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪sin 2 x‬‬
‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪ (10‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪cos 3 x‬‬
‫}‪D f = { x Î ¡ : cos x ¹ 0‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫‪p‬‬
‫‪x¹‬‬ ‫¡ ‪+ kp ; k Î‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ùp‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬ ‫‪pé‬‬
‫¡ ‪D f = ú + kp ; + ( k + 1) ê , k Î‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬
‫‪û2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2ë‬‬
‫ﻤﺜﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ D f‬ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺤﺎﺼل ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻤﺭﻜﺏ ﺩﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺩﻭﺍل ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪2sin x .cos x 2sin x‬‬ ‫‪- sin x‬‬

‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= -2.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪.cos x‬‬‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.cos x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫] ‪[cos x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫´ ‪F ( x ) = -2‬‬ ‫‪+k‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪cos x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪k‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫= )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫‪+k‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪cos x‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪3‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫)‪f ( x ) = x 2 ( x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫¡ = ‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪f ( x ) = .3 x 2 ( x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1 3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫¡ ‪x + 1) + k ; k Î‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫´ = )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
 1 3
( ) +k
3
F ( x) = x +1 : ‫ﺃﻱ‬
9
= ¡ ‫ ؛‬2) f ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( x + 2 x - 1)
3
Df 2
: ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬2

1
f ( x ) = . ( 2 x + 2 ) ( x + 2 x - 1)
3
2
: ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
2
1 1 2 4
F ( x) = ´
2 4
( x + 2 x - 1) + k ; k Î ¡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬

1 2 4
.F ( x) =
8
( x + 2 x - 1) + k ; k Î ¡ : ‫ﺃﻱ‬

x
Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬3
( x2 + 1)
2

1 2x
f ( x) = ´ : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
(x + 1)
2
2 2

1 -1
.F ( x) = ´ 2 +k ; kΡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 x +1
x -1
Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬4
(x - 2 x + 4)
2 3

1 2x - 2
f ( x) = ´ : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
( x2 - 2 x + 4)
2
2
1 -1
.F ( x) = ´ 2 +k ; kΡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 x - 2x + 4
x3
Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬5
x4 + 1
1 4x3
f ( x) = ´ : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
2 2 x +1 4
 1
. F ( x ) = ´ x4 + 1 + k ; k Î ¡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
4
x
D f = ] -¥; - 1[ U ] -1; +¥ [ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬6
x2 - 1
2x
f ( x) = : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
2 x2 - 1
. F ( x ) = x2 - 1 + k ; k Î ¡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬

1 æ pö
D f = ¡ ‫ ؛‬f ( x ) = cos ç x - ÷ : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬7
2 è 2ø
1 æ pö
g ( x ) = sin ç x - ÷ + l ; l Î ¡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 è 2ø

Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x ) = cos 2 x - sin 3 x : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬8

1 1
F ( x) = sin 2 x + cos 3 x + k ; k Ρ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 3

Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x ) = sin x.cos 3 x : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬9

1
F ( x ) = cos 4 x + k ; k Î ¡ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
4

Df = ¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x ) = cos 2 x.sin 2 x : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬10

1
f ( x) = ´ 2 sin 2 x.cos 2 x : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
2
1
f ( x ) = sin 4 x : ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
2
-1 1
F ( x) = ´ cos 4 x + k : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 4
 ‫‪-1‬‬
‫= )‪F ( x‬‬ ‫‪cos 4 x + k‬‬ ‫¡‪; kÎ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪4‬‬
‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫¡=‪I‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = sin‬‬ ‫‪+ cos‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫= )‪g( x‬‬ ‫‪cos +‬‬ ‫‪sin + l‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪g ( x ) = -2 cos + 2 sin + l‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪l=2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ g ( 0 ) = 0‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪-2 + 0 + l = 0 :‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪. g ( x ) = - 2 cos‬‬ ‫‪+ 2 sin + 2‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫؛ [ ‪I= ]­1;+¥‬‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x+1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫´‪f ( x) = 2‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 x+1‬‬
‫‪g( x) = 2 x + 1 + l‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪l = -2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2+l =0‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪g ( 0) = 0‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪g ( x) = 2 x + 1 - 2‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫[‪I= ]­¥; - 2‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪( x + 2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫= )‪g( x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪+l‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪2 ( x + 2‬‬
 1 1
l= :‫ﺃﻱ‬ - +l =0 :‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬ g ( 0) = 0 : ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
8 8
-1 1
. g( x) = 2
+ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 ( x + 2) 8
I=¡ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = xn - 1 ; n Î ¥ : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬4

x n +1
g( x) = - x+l : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
n+1
l =0 : ‫ﺃﻱ‬ 0 - 0 + l = 0 : ‫ ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬g ( 0 ) = 0 : ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬

x n +1
. g ( x) = -x : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
n +1
ù p pé 1
I= ú - ; ê ‫ ؛‬f ( x ) = : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬5
û 2 2ë cos 2 x
g ( x ) = tan x + l : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬

l =0 :‫ﺃﻱ‬ tan 0 + l = 0 :‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬ g ( 0) = 0 : ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬

. g ( x ) = tan x : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬

1
I= ]­1 ; +¥[ ‫؛‬ 6) f ( x ) = x + 1 - 2
: ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬6
( x + 1)
x2 1
g ( x) = + x + +l : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 x +1
l = -1 :‫ﺃﻱ‬ 1+ l = 0 :‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬ g ( 0) = 0 : ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬

x2 1
. g( x) = +x -1 : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
2 x+1
I=¡ f ( x ) = sin x .cos n x : ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬7
n
f ( x ) = -1 ´ ( - sin x )( cos x ) : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
 -1
g( x) = cos n +1 x + k : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
n+1
-1 -1
k= :‫ﺃﻱ‬ + k = 0 :‫ ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬g ( 0 ) = 0 :‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
n +1 n+1
-1 1
g( x) = cos n +1 x + : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
n+1 n +1
1 1
I= ]­¥ ; - 2[ ‫؛‬ f ( x) = 2
+ 3
: ‫( ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬8
( x + 2) ( x + 2)
-1 1
g( x) = - +k : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
x + 2 2 ( x + 2 )2
5 -1 1
k= :‫ﺃﻱ‬ - + k = 0 :‫ ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬g ( 0 ) = 0 :‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬
8 2 8
-1 1 5
. g( x) = - + : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
n + 2 2( n + 2) 8
2

. 5 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‬
: f ‫– ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ 1
sin 3 x = sin x.sin 2 x = sin x ( 1 - cos 2 x ) : ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬

f ( x ) = sin x - sin x .cos 2 x : ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

1
g ( x ) = - cos x + cos 3 x + k : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
3
1
h ( x ) = - cos x + cos 3 x + k : ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ h ‫– ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ‬ 2
3
2 1
k= :‫ﺃﻱ‬ -1 + + k = 0 :‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‬ h ( 0) = 2 : ‫ﻤﻊ‬
3 3
1 2
. h ( x ) = - cos x + cos 3 x + : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
3 3
 . 6 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‬
D f = ¡ - {1} : ‫– ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‬ 1
: a , b, c ‫– ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ 2
( ax + b ) ( x 2 - 2 x + 1) + c
f ( x) = 2
( x - 1)
ax 3 - 2ax 2 + ax + bx 2 - 2bx + b + c
= 2
( x - 1)
ax 3 + ( -2a + b ) x 2 + ( a + 2b ) x + b + c
= 2
( x - 1)
ì a =1
ì a =1 ï -2a + b = 0
ï ï
í b = +2 : ‫ﺃﻱ‬ í : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
ï c = -2 ï a - 2b = -3
î ïî b + c = 0
2
f ( x) = x + 2 - 2
: ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
( x - 1)
: g ‫– ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬ 3
2
f ( x) = x + 2 - 2
( x - 1)
1 2 2
. lΡ ‫؛‬ g( x) = x + 2x + + l : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
2 x -1
h ( 2 ) = 0 : ‫ ﺤﻴﺙ‬h ‫ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬-4
1 2
h ( x) = x2 + 2 x + + l : ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬
2 x -1
 ‫‪h ( 2) = l + 8‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪h ( 2) = 2 + 4 + 2 + l‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫‪l = -8‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪l +8=0‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪1 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪.h‬‬ ‫= )‪( x‬‬ ‫‪x + 2x +‬‬ ‫‪-8‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x-1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪7‬‬
‫‪ù‬‬ ‫‪3ù‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ‪D f = ú -¥ ; ú : g‬‬
‫‪û‬‬ ‫‪2û‬‬
‫‪ lim g ( x ) = lim 3 - 2 x = +¥‬؛ ‪lim g ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫<‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x ® -¥‬‬ ‫‪x ® -¥‬‬
‫®‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫= ) ‪g¢ ( x‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪2 3 - 2x‬‬ ‫‪3 - 2x‬‬
‫‪ù‬‬ ‫‪3ù‬‬
‫‪ú -¥; 2 ú‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫‪ g¢ ( x ) < 0‬ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪g‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪û‬‬ ‫‪û‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫) ‪g¢ ( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪+¥‬‬
‫)‪g( x‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪a , b ,g‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫) ‪f ¢( x ) = g ( x‬‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪g‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪­2‬‬
‫´ ) ‪f ¢ ( x ) = ( 2a x + b ) 3­2 x + ( a x 2 + b x + g‬‬
‫‪2 3­2 x‬‬
‫‪3­2 x‬‬
‫(‬
‫‪= ( 2a x + b ) 3­2 x ­ a x 2 + b x + g‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪3­2 x‬‬
f ¢( x) =
( 2a x + b )( 3­2 x ) (
3­2 x ­ a x 2 + b x + g ) 3­2 x
3 - 2x
3­2 x
=
3­2 x
( 6a x ­4a x 2 + 3 b ­2b x ­a x 2 ­b x ­g )

3­2 x
= ´ éë ­5a x 2 + ( 6a ­3b ) x + 3 b ­g ùû
3­2 x
: ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ‬ g ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ f ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬

­5a x 2 + ( 6a ­3b ) x + 3 b ­g
=1
3 - 2x
­5a x 2 + ( 6a ­3b ) x + 3 b ­g = 3 - 2 x : ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

ìa =0
ï ì -5a = 0
ï 2 ï
íb = : ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ í 6a - 3 b = -2 : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
ï 3 ï 3b - g = 3
ïîg = -1 î

æ2 ö
f ( x ) = ç x - 1÷ 3 - 2 x : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
è3 ø
: g ‫– ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ 3
y

­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 x
 . 8 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‬
: f ¢¢ ( x ) ‫ﻭ‬ f ¢( x) ‫( ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬1

f ¢ ( x ) = cos x + 3cos x sin 2 x : ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬

f ¢ ( x ) = cos x ( 3 + sin 2 x ) : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬

f ¢¢ ( x ) = ­sin x ( 3 + sin 2 x ) + cos x ( 2cos x sin x )

f ¢¢ ( x ) = sin x éë -3 - sin 2 x + 2cos 2 x ùû
f ¢¢ ( x ) + a f ( x ) = b sin x : b ‫ﻭ‬ a ‫( ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬2

­3sin x­sin 3 x + 2sin x cos2 x + a sin x + a sin3 x = b sin x

(a ­3) sin x­sin 3 x + 2sin x ( 1­sin 2 x ) ´ a sin 3 x = b sin x
(a ­3) sin x­sin 3 x + 2sin x­2sin 3 x + a sin 3 x­b sin x = 0
( a - b - 1) sin x + (a - 3 ) 2sin 3 x = 0
ìa = 3 ì a -3=0
í : ‫ﺃﻱ‬ í : ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
îb = 2 îa - b - 1 = 0
f ¢¢ ( x ) + 3 f ( x ) = 2sin x :‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
: f ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ F ‫( ﺇﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍل ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬3

1
f ( x) =
3
( - f ¢¢ ( x ) + 2sin x ) : ‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ‬

1
F ( x) =
3
( - f ¢ ( x ) - 2cos x ) + k , k Î ¡ : ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
1
(
F ( x ) = cos x . ( 3 + sin 2 x ) - 2cos x + k :‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
3
)
1
F ( x ) = ( cos x + cos x .sin 2 x ) + k : ‫ﺃﻱ‬
3
 ‫‪æp ö‬‬
‫‪H ç ÷=1‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ‪ H‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪è ø‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪H ( x ) = ( cos x + cos x sin 2 x ) + k :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪æp ö 1æ‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬ ‫‪pö‬‬
‫‪H ç ÷ = ç cos + cos sin 2 ÷ + k‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪è 2 ø 3è‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2ø‬‬
‫‪æp ö‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪k = 1 :‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‪H ç ÷ = 1 :‬‬
‫‪è2ø‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪h ( x ) = cos x ( 1 + sin 2 x ) + 1 :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪9‬‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪G‬‬ ‫ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬

‫)‪G ( x) = F ( x) - F (- x‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫)‪F ¢( x) = f ( x‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫)‪f (- x) = f ( x‬‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬

‫) ‪G ¢ ( x ) = F ¢ ( x ) - ( -1) F ¢ ( - x‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫) ‪G¢ ( x ) = F ¢ ( x ) + F ¢ ( - x‬‬

‫) ‪G¢ ( x ) = f ( x ) + f ( - x‬‬

‫‪G¢ ( x ) = f ( x ) - f ( x ) = 0‬‬

‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪G ( x) = l‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬

 ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪10‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫– ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x2‬‬
‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪ lim f ( x ) = lim 2 = 1 :‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪lim f ( x ) = 1 :‬‬
‫>‬ ‫‪x ®+¥‬‬ ‫‪x ®+¥ x‬‬
‫‪x®0‬‬

‫)‪2 x ( x 2 + x + 1) - ( 2 x + 1) ( x 2 + 1‬‬
‫= )‪f ¢( x‬‬
‫)‪( x 2 + x + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪2x3 + 2 x2 + 2 x - 2x3 - 2 x - x2 - 1‬‬

‫= )‪f ¢( x‬‬
‫‪(x‬‬ ‫)‪+ x + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪x2 - 1‬‬
‫= )‪f ¢( x‬‬
‫‪(x‬‬ ‫)‪+ x + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫]‪[ 0;1‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫[‪[1; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﺒل ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ) ‪( C‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺏ‪.‬‬ ‫‪y=1‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫‪lim‬‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪f ( x ) = 1 :‬‬
‫‪x a +¥‬‬
 ‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺩ ‪.0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻭﺤﻴﺩﺓ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪x2 + 1‬‬
‫‪f ( x) = 2‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪F ¢( x) = f ( x‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x + x +1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪F ¢( x) > 0‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪£ f ( x) £ 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫[‪[ 0; +¥‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪F‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪f ( x) ³‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫‪H ¢( x ) = F ¢( x ) -‬‬ ‫‪= f ( x) -‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪H ¢( x) ³ 0‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪k‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬

‫‪ K¢( x ) = F ¢ ( x ) - 1 = f ( x ) - 1‬؛ ‪f ( x ) £ 1‬‬

‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪K¢ ( x ) £ 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x £ F ( x) £ x‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f ( x) £ 1‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( x) ³‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x £ F ( x) £ x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪F ( x) £ x‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪lim F ( x ) = +¥‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪x = lim x = +¥‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪x a +¥‬‬ ‫‪x a +¥‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x a +¥‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺒل ﺤﻼ ﻭﺤﻴﺩﺍ‬ ‫‪F ( x) = p‬‬ ‫‪ -6‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬

‫‪p Ρ+‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫‪¡+‬‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬

‫‪f (a ) = p‬‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﺤﻴﺩ‬

‫ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪p £a £ p‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 æ 3p ö‬‬ ‫‪æ 3p ö 3p‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ç‬‬ ‫‪÷£F ç‬‬ ‫‪÷£‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪p £ F (p ) £ p‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3è 2 ø‬‬ ‫‪è 2 ø 2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪æ 3p ö‬‬ ‫‪æ 3p ö 3p‬‬
‫‪F (p ) £ p £ F ç ÷ :‬‬ ‫‪ p £ F ç‬ﺇﺫﻥ‬ ‫‪÷£‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪è 2 ø‬‬ ‫‪è 2 ø 2‬‬
‫‪3p‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ p £ a £‬ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪11‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺤل ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﻭ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫=‪y‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+l‬‬ ‫;‬ ‫¡‪l Î‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x +1‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪f (0) = 0‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺤل‬

‫‪x3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f (0) = 0‬‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+l‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x+1‬‬
‫‪l =1‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪0 = -1 + l :‬‬
‫‪x3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= )‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪+ 1 :‬‬
‫‪3 x +1‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺩﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬

‫[ ‪D f = ] -¥; - 1[ U ] -1; +¥‬‬

 ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x3‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = lim‬‬ ‫‪+ 1 = -¥‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪x ®-¥‬‬ ‫‪x®-¥ 3‬‬ ‫‪x +1‬‬
‫‪x3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = lim‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+ 1 = +¥‬‬
‫‪x ®+¥‬‬ ‫‪x®+¥ 3‬‬ ‫‪x +1‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = -¥‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +¥‬‬
‫‪x > -1‬‬ ‫‪x < -1‬‬
‫‪x > -1‬‬ ‫‪x < -1‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f ¢( x) = x2 +‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪( x + 1‬‬
‫‪f ¢( x ) > 0‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪Df‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ‬

‫[‪ ]-1; +¥‬ﻭ [‪]-¥; -1‬‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﻴﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫)‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫‪-¥‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻼﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x = -1‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﺭﻭﻉ ﻻﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫)‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+ = +¥‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x ®+¥‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x ®+¥ 3‬‬ ‫‪x ( x + 1) x‬‬
‫‪+¥‬‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺒل ﻓﺭﻋﺎ ﻤﻜﺎﻓﺌﺎ ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺏ ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ‬

‫‪­2‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫= ) ‪f ( ­2‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫= )‪f ( 2‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫= )‪f ( 1‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫) ‪(C‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪f (0) = 0‬‬
 ‫‪y‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪­3‬‬ ‫‪­2‬‬ ‫‪­1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪­1‬‬

‫‪­2‬‬

‫‪­3‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ‪12‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫­‬
‫‪2x + 2‬‬ ‫‪x +1‬‬
‫= ‪y¢‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫= ‪y¢‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 x2 + 2 x + 8‬‬ ‫‪x2 + 2 x + 8‬‬
‫) ‪g¢ ( x‬‬
‫= ‪y¢‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪:‬‬
‫)‪2 g( x‬‬
‫¡‪c Î‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫= ‪y = g( x) + c‬‬ ‫‪x2 + 2 x + 8 + c‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫¡‪c Î‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪f ( x) = x2 + 2x + 8 + c‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪( 2‬‬ ‫‪+ 2 ( 2) + 8 + c = 1‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪f ( 2) = 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪c = -3‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪4+ c =1‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫‪f ( x) = x2 + 2x + 8 - 3‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪:‬‬

 ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫[‪D f = ] -¥; +¥‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = +¥‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +¥‬‬
‫‪x ® -¥‬‬ ‫‪x ® +¥‬‬
‫‪x +1‬‬
‫= )‪f ¢( x‬‬
‫‪x2 + 2x + 8‬‬
‫ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻕ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬ ‫‪1-‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫[‪[ -1; +¥‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫]‪]-¥; -1‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ‪:‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-¥‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬

‫)‪f ¢( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫‪+¥‬‬ ‫‪+¥‬‬
‫)‪f (x‬‬
‫)‪f ( - 1‬‬

‫‪f ( -1) ; -0, 35‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪f ( -1) = 7 - 3‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻼﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺔ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻋﺎﻥ ﻻﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺎﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪æ‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8 ö‬‬

‫‪x2 ç 1 +‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫)‪f ( x‬‬ ‫‪è‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 ÷ø‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪x ® +¥‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x ®+¥‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
 x 2 8 3
= lim 1+ + 2 -
x ®+¥ x x x x
2 8 3
= lim 1 + + - =1
x ®+¥ x x x 2

lim éë f ( x ) - x ùû = lim x 2 + 2 x + 8 - 3 - x
x®+¥ x®+¥

é x2 + 2x + 8 - ( x + 3) ùé x2 + 2x + 8 + ( x + 3) ù
= lim ë ûë û
x®+¥ é x2 + 2x + 8 + x + 3ù
ë û

= lim
( x + 2 x + 8) - ( x + 3)
2

x ® +¥
x2 + 2 x + 8 + x + 3
x2 + 2x + 8 - x2 - 6x - 9
= lim
x ® +¥ é 2 8 3ù
xê 1+ + 2 + 1+ ú
ë x x xû
é 1ù
x ê -4 - ú
ë xû
= lim = -2
x ®+¥ é 2 8 3 ù
xê 1+ + 2 + 1+ ú
ë x x xû
. +¥ ‫ ﻫﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻤﺎﺌل ﻋﻨﺩ‬y = x - 2 : ‫ﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

æ 2 8 ö
x2 ç 1 + +
f ( x) è x x 2 ÷ø 2
lim = lim -
x ® -¥ x x ®-¥ x x
æ 2 8 ö
-xç1 + + 2 ÷
è x x ø 3
= lim -
x ®-¥ x x
 f ( x) 2 8 3
lim = lim - 1 + + 2 - = -1
x ®-¥ x x ®-¥ x x x
lim éë f ( x ) + x ùû = lim x 2 + 2 x + 8 - 3 + x
x®-¥ x®-¥
é x2 + 2x + 8­( x + 3) é x2 + 2x + 8 + ( ­ x + 3) ùù
ê ë ûúû
= lim ë
x®-¥ é x2 + 2x + 8 + ( ­ x + 3) ù
ë û

= lim
( x 2 + 2 x + 8) - ( - x + 3)
2

x ®-¥
x2 + 2 x + 8 - x + 3
x2 + 2x + 8 - x2 + 6x - 9
= lim
x ® -¥
x2 + 2x + 8 - x + 3
8x - 1
= lim
x ®-¥
x2 + 2 x + 8 - x + 3
æ 1ö
xç8 - ÷
è xø
= lim = -4
x ®-¥
x é- 1 + x + x2 - 1 + x ù
ë û
. -¥ ‫ ﻫﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻤﺎﺌل ﻋﻨﺩ‬y = - x - 4 :‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

f ( 0 ) ; -0,17 : ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‬ f ( 0) = 8 - 3
f ( 2 ) = 16 - 3 = 1
f ( 3 ) ; 1,80 , f ( 3 ) = 23 - 3
f ( -2 ) ; -0,17 , f ( -2 ) = 8 - 3
f ( -4 ) = 1
 f ( -5 ) ; 1, 80 , f ( -5 ) = 23 - 3
: (C ) ‫ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬
y

­5 ­4 ­3 ­2 ­1 0 1 2 3 4 x
­1

­2

­3

­4
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