8.

Cumulative Distribution Function

Cumulative distribution function : A CDF is used to determine the cumulative probability of all values below a value in a
distribution.

The cumulative distribution function is used to evaluate probability as area under the PDF curve.

Example: Cumulative Distributive function

import pandas as pd
import scipy.stats as stats
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

lst=[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,66,66.12,66.14,66.20,66.25,66.75,66.85,67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72,73]
# lst=[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66.12,66,66,66,66,66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73]
# lst=[30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180]

lst=sorted (lst)

df=pd.DataFrame (lst, columns=["Marks"])

df.Marks.describe()
 count 20.000000
mean 66.465500
std 3.464768
min 60.000000
25% 64.750000
50% 66.225000
75% 68.250000
max 73.000000
Name: Marks, dtype: float64

# Probability Density function

pd_fx=stats.norm.pdf (lst,loc=np.mean(df ["Marks"]), scale=np.std(df["Marks"]))

plt.plot(lst, pd_fx)
plt.plot(lst, pd_fx,'-o', label='PDF')

# Cumulative Distribution function

cd_fx=stats.norm.cdf (lst,loc=np.mean(df["Marks"]), scale=np.std(df["Marks"]))

plt.plot (lst, cd_fx)
plt.plot (lst, cd_fx,'-o', label='CDF')
plt.xlabel("Random variable values")
plt.ylabel("Probability")
plt.title("PDF and CDF of a Random Variable")
plt.legend()
plt.savefig('pdf_cdf.png')

#plt.hist(lst, density=True) # use this to draw histogram of your data

plt.show()

fx=stats.norm(loc=np.mean(lst), scale=np. std (lst))

print (lst)

a=66

print("\n 1. Cumulative probability of all the values untill",a,"is",fx.cdf(a))

print("\n 2. Cumulative probability of all the values untill mean",np.mean(lst),"is",fx.cdf(np.mean(lst)))

x=64
y=70

print("\n 3. Probability of finding a value between",x, "and",y,"is",fx.cdf(y)-fx.cdf(x))

x=66.14
y=66.25

print("\n 4. Probability of finding a value 66 is the difference of cumulative probabilities \

between value",x,"and",y ,fx.cdf(y)-fx.cdf(x))

[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66.12, 66.14, 66.2, 66.25, 66.75, 66.85, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73]

1. Cumulative probability of all the values untill 66 is 0.44518237041070885

2. Cumulative probability of all the values untill mean 66.46549999999999 is 0.5

3. Probability of finding a value between 64 and 70 is 0.6196928963234725

4. Probability of finding a value 66 is the difference of cumulative probabilities between value 66.14 and 66.
25 0.012952527811829428

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