Kv‡Ri wefv‡Mi ZvwjKv

IqvK© wUg wjWvi (‡dvig¨vb)

GKRb †dvig¨vb GKwU BDwb‡Ui cªavb| Zvi wb‡Ri GKwU †QvU `j ev Zvi Aaxb¯’ Kg©x‡`i GKwU m¤ú~Y© evwnbx
_vK‡Z cv‡i| GwU me Kv‡Ri †¯‹‡ji / gvÎv/ aib ev cwigv‡ci Dci wbf©i K‡i| †dvig¨vb nj kªwgK Ges
e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ †hvMv‡hvMKvix wZwb mvB‡Ui Kv‡Ri ms¯’vb Ges wbqš¿‡Yi cvkvcvwk k„•Ljv I wbivcËvi Rb¨
`vwqZ¡cªvß|
GKRb †dvig¨vb †ckv`vi bq, Gi †Kvb kªg dvskb †bB|
GKRb AwfÁ Ges `vwqZ¡kxj Kg©x‡K (cª‡KŠkj Kg©x‡`i bq) AwZwi³ `vwqZ¡ †`Iqv nq| GKRb †dvig¨vb‡K
Dckg Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (A_©vr Zvi cªK„Z †ckvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Zvi kª‡gi Kvh© m¤úv`b †_‡K gyw³) Ges A-¯^w¯Í
(A_©vr GKRb †dvig¨v‡bi `vwqZ¡¸wj‡K Zvi cªK„Z †ckvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Zvi kªg Kvh©vejxi mv‡_ GKwÎZ Kiv)|
‡dvig¨v‡bi (BDwbU cªavb) KvR¸wji g‡a¨ GKwU nj `‡ji m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡Ri eÈb Kiv, Kv‡Ri Rb¨
mgqmxgv wba©viY c~e©K KvR Av`vq Kiv Ges Zv‡`i c~Y©Zvi Dci wbqš¿Y Kiv|
 ‡gvìvi

cY¨, KvVv‡gv Ges wewìs DcKiY¸wji GKwU QuvPwbg©vY nj GKRb Kg©x whwb wewfbœ RwUjZvi (wefv‡Mi Dci
wbf©i K‡i) cybe©nvj KswµU cY¨¸wj‡K QuvPwbg©v‡Y wbhy³ nb| Zvi `vwqZ¡¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: QuvP cwi®‹vi mn,
jyweª‡KwUs‡K GKwÎZ Kiv| wZwb GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK miÄv‡gi Øviv KvR K‡ib (we‡klZ GKwU N~Y©gvb nvZywo Ges
†KvY †clK`šÍ w`‡q)| wZwb wbg©vY A¼b c‡ob|
 B¯úvZ mvwjm

w÷j wd·v‡ii cªavb KvR nj cª`Ë gvÎvi wiBb‡dvwm©s evi ˆZwi Kiv, g¨vbyqvj Ges cvIqvi-PvwjZ †gwk‡bi
mvnv‡h¨ wiBb‡dvwm©s evi¸wj KvUv Ges euvKv‡bv, wiBb‡dvwm©s evi¸wj‡K d¬&hvU ev ¯’vwbK †dª‡g GKwÎZ Kiv,
evBwÛs Zv‡ii mv‡_ m Kiv, wiBb‡dvwm©s †gk Ges †dªg¸wj‡K GKwÎZ Kiv, ÷vW ¯’vcb Kiv, duvKv Kiv| Dcv`vb
Ges Abycª‡ek, cªwZi¶vg~jK ¯Íi aviK ¯’vcb, Ges ms‡hvM evi KvUv.GQvovI, GKwU w÷j wd·vi c„_K wi-evi ev
m¤ú~Y© †dªg¸wj‡K Kvcwjs (K‡¤úªkb Kvcjvi, †_ª‡WW Kvcjvi, BZ¨vw`) ev †Kvb Kvcwjs (Ifvij¨vwcs, evU
I‡qwìs, jyc Ifvij¨vwcs BZ¨vw`) gva¨‡g mshy³ K‡i| wZwb GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK h‡š¿i Øviv KvR K‡ib (we‡klZ
GKwU N~Y©gvb nvZywo Ges †KvY †clK`šÍ w`‡q)| wZwb wbg©vY A¼b c‡ob|
 BÝUjvi (wiBb‡dvm©W KswµU ÷ªvKPvi)

w÷j Ges wiBb‡dvm©W KswµU ÷ªvKPv‡ii ¯’vcbKvix n‡jb GKRb we‡klÁ whwb wcª‡dweª‡K‡UW wiBb‡dvm©W
KswµU Dcv`vb¸wj †_‡K wewìs Ges ÷ªvKPvi wbg©v‡Yi mgq ¯’vcbvi Kv‡R wbhy³ nb| ¯’vcbKvix D”PZvq mg¯Í
KvR m¤úv`b K‡i| wZwb we‡kl miÄvg e¨envi K‡i cª‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb mieivn K‡ib| wZwb GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK
h‡š¿i Øviv KvR K‡ib (we‡klZ GKwU N~Y©gvb nvZywo Ges †KvY †clK`šÍ w`‡q)| wZwb wbg©vY A¼b c‡ob|
 Bb÷jvi (B¯úvZ KvVv‡gv)

B¯úvZ KvVv‡gvi GKwU ¯’vcbKvix B¯úvZ wcª‡dweª‡K‡UW wbg©vY Dcv`vb (Kjvg, Uªvm, weg, µm-weg, e¨vÛ, wmuwo,
†Uªmjm, cwi‡lev cø¨vUdg© BZ¨vw`) ¯’vcb K‡i| wZwb B¯úvZ KvVv‡gvi Dcv`vb¸wji wWgvD‡›Uej (‡ev‡ëW) Ges
bb-‡WgvD›U‡hvM¨ (SvjvB Kiv, wi‡f‡UW BZ¨vw`) ms‡hvM ˆZwi K‡ib, XvjvB‡qi c‡i XvjvB‡qi R‡q›U¸wj
cwi®‹vi K‡ib Ges mg¯Í ¯’vcbv c×wZ Ges Dcvq e¨envi K‡ib| wZwb GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK h‡š¿i Øviv KvR K‡ib
(we‡kl K‡i GKwU †KvY †clK`‡šÍi mv‡_)| wZwb wbg©vY A¼b c‡ob|
 Bb÷jvi (cvBcjvBb)

GKRb cªwµqvwab cvBcjvBb ¯’vcbKvix wewfbœ ai‡Yi cvBcjvBb wbg©v‡Yi mgq ¯’vc‡bi KvR K‡i - mvaviY Rj
mieivn e¨e¯’v †_‡K cvigvYweK we`¨yr †K‡›`ª RwUj Ges msKUc~b© mvwK©U ch©šÍ| GB RvZxq we‡klÁiv wkíRvZ
cvBcjvBb ¯’vcb, Kg©kw³i my‡hvM-myweav, c~e©wbg©vY msMªvnK, Rj mieivn Ges †Wª‡bR wm‡÷g¸wj, ¯’vcb I
†gBb‡UBb kvU-Ad fvjf , Ab¨vb¨ mnvqK miÄvg¸wj Ges i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi mgq cix¶v Pvwj‡q Bb÷‡jkb Ges
Kwgkwbs KvR m¤ú~Y© K‡i|
mvaviYfv‡e, cvBcjvBb¸wji ¯’vcbKvix GKRb I‡qìv‡ii mv‡_ GKmv‡_ KvR K‡i| GKRb ¯’vcbKvix cvBc,
d¬&hvÄ, kvLv cvBc BZ¨vw`i ms‡hvM †`q I GKwU XvjvB R‡q‡›Ui Rb¨ cªvšÍ cª¯ÍyZ K‡i, XvjvB Kiv R‡q›U‡K i¶v
K‡i Zvc cªfvweZ GjvKv‡K Qov‡bv Ges AvinxZ nIqv †_‡K| GKwU wcwc ¯’vcbKvix cªavbZ †KvY e¨envi K‡i
Py‡bvbRš¿ ( A‡½j wMª‡Ûi)| mg¯Í wmwfj wbg©vY Kg©x mgZj co‡eb d¬&hv‡Ui Rb¨ AvKv AvqZ‡¶ÎKvi Awf‡¶c
Ges wcwc ¯’vcbKvix AvB‡mv‡gwUªK A¼b Ges WvqvMªv‡gi Aax‡b ¯’vcbv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
 Bb÷jvi (fviv)

GKRb ¯’vcbKvix mg¯Í ai‡Yi fviv, wdª÷¨vwÛs Ges mshy³ Dfq cªKv‡ii cvkvcvwk A¨v‡·‡mi Ab¨vb¨ Dcvq¸wj
¯’vcb Ges †f‡O †dj‡e| wZwb wbg©vY fviv mwVK Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ ¯’vcbvi mg¯Í wbqg Ges D”PZvq KvR Kivi
mgq e¨w³MZ myi¶vg~jK miÄvg¸wj Kxfv‡e e¨envi Ki‡eb Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e|
 I‡qìvi (ISO, PNAE G)

GKRb I‡qìvi nj Zvi †ckvMZ Kv‡R Drcv`b cwi‡e‡k Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ| Kg©x wewfbœ ai‡Yi, iPbv,
D‡Ïk¨ Ges RwUjZvi gvÎvi avZy w`‡q ˆZwi KvVv‡gv, Dcv`vb, cY¨ Ges cvBc XvjvB K‡i| GKB mg‡q, I‡q‡ìi
¸Ygvb kªwg‡Ki †ckv`vwi‡Z¡i ¯Íi Øviv wba©vwiZ nq|
 KswµU kªwgK

KswµU Kg©x n‡jb GKRb Kg©x whwb KswµU KvVv‡gv ˆZwi K‡ib: Kjvg, †`qvj, wfwË| wZwb wgkªYwU wbe©vPb K‡ib
Ges wbe©vwPZ welqwU wgwkªZ K‡ib, GwU cª¯ÍyZ d‡g© (dg©IqvK©) †X‡j †`b Ges mwVK k³KiY wbqš¿Y K‡ib| wZwb
GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK h‡š¿i Øviv KvR K‡ib (we‡klZ GKwU N~Y©gvb nvZywo Ges †KvY †clK`šÍ w`‡q)| wZwb wbg©vY A¼b
c‡ob|
 mnvqK Kg©x

GKRb mnvqK Kg©x GKRb Kg©x hvi †Kvb †ckv †bB| Zvi cªavb KvR †jvW n¨v‡Ûj, ¯’j Dbœqb Ges Av‡iv `¶
Kg©x‡`i mnvqZv cª`vb Kiv nq |
 w¯øsMvi

GKRb w¯øsMvi AZ¨šÍ we‡kl we‡klÁ whwb GKwU †µb Øviv miv‡bv †jvW¸wj myiw¶Z Kivi KvR m¤úv`b K‡ib|
wZwb Avb‡jvW Kivi Rb¨ GjvKvwU cª¯ÍyZ K‡ib, wdw·s‡qi Rb¨ DcKiY wbe©vPb K‡ib, WªvBfv‡ii Kvh©vejx
ms‡kvab K‡ib Ges †Rvov jvMvb| GB ch©v‡qi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU fy‡ji Kvi‡Y w¯øs †d‡U †h‡Z cv‡i, †µb c‡o
†h‡Z cv‡i Ges hš¿cvwZi ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i| Kg©Pvixi kvixwiK kw Ges mnbkxjZv cª‡qvRb, †h‡nZy RwUj Ges
wekvj KvVv‡gvi mv‡_ KvR Kiv cªvqkB mg‡qi cª‡qvRb nq|
 wb‡ivaK Kg©x

GKRb wb‡ivaK Kg©x GKRb we‡klÁ hvi cªavb Kvh©Kjvc nj wewfbœ cvBcjvBb, bvjx, cªwµqv miÄvg Ges
Ab¨vb¨ KvVv‡gvi wb‡ivaK hv cwi‡e‡ki ¶wZKviK cªfve †_‡K myi¶v cª‡qvRb|
 cøv÷vi, †cB›Uvi

cøv÷vi-‡cB›Uvi n‡jb GKRb Kg©x whwb wbg©vY I †givg‡Zi mgq feb Ges cªv½‡Yi m¤§yLfv‡M (mgZjKiY c„ô,
†cBw›Us, UvBwjs) mgvwßi KvR K‡ib| GKwU cøv÷vi-‡cB›Uv‡ii cªavb wµqvKjvc¸wj wewìs Ges cªv½‡b mgvß
Kivi cªwµqv wµqvKjvc¸wji Kvh©KvwiZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|