Eukaryotic cell organelles

Organelle Info Example of a function TEM image SEM image (if good ones exist!)
1. Nucleus Contains DNA. Controls DNA replication and
metabolic activities of the transcription
cell. Double membrane
(nuclear envelope) with
pores

2. Free ribosomes Size is 80S. Not Synthesises proteins

surrounded by a (usually not for
membrane secretion)

3. Rough Made up of flattened Synthesise proteins

endoplasmic membranous sacks usually for secretion
reticulum (cisternae) with from the cells (in vesicles
ribosomes attached which travel via the Golgi
apparatus
4. Lysosome Contains hydrolytic Digestion / break down
enzymes. Densely stained of macromolecules and
in electron micrograph. old / damaged organelles

5. Golgi apparatus Made up of flattened Processes (modifies and

membranous sacs packages) proteins from
(cisternae) that can bud the rER
off in vesicles

6. Mitochondrion Double membrane. Inner Final stages of by aerobic

membrane is folded into cell respiration – produce
cristae. Space inside ATP
called the matrix
7. Nucleolus Area within the nucleus. Produces ribosomes
Densely staining.
Composed of proteins
and RNA

8. Smooth Made up of flattened Lipid and carbohydrate

endoplasmic membranous sacs synthesis and storage
reticulum (cisternae) that can bud
off in vesicles

Example function

h. DNA replication and transcription

i. Processes (modifies and packages) proteins from the rER
j. Synthesise proteins usually for secretion from the cells (in vesicles which travel via the Golgi apparatus)
k. Produces ribosomes
l. Synthesises proteins (usually not for secretion)
m. Final stages of by aerobic cell respiration – produce ATP
n. Lipid and carbohydrate synthesis and storage