MAP30_2R of Energy Technologies

26th April, 2023, 11h10

Prof. Filipe Mendes
Duration: 30 min

The MAP30 will be graded in a scale 0 – 3.6

The MAP30 has 2 pages and a Formulae sheet

NOTE: you can solve the test in English or Portuguese

Name______________________________________________ N.__________

A turbocharger, also known as a turbo, is a device that

increases an internal combustion engine efficiency and
power by increasing the pressure of the admission air. The
turbine is driven by the exhaust gases and its shaft is
directly connected to the compressor, so, the work done by
the turbine is directly used in the compressor.

In a turbocharger, the exhaust gases enter the turbine at

𝑇!" = 450 ℃, at a rate 𝑚̇# = 0.020 𝑘g. s$% , and leave at
𝑇!& = 400 ℃ at atmospheric pressure. Air enters the compressor at 𝑇'" = 70 ℃ and 𝑃'" = 95 kPa, at a rate
𝑚̇( = 0.018 𝑘𝑔. 𝑠 $% , and leaves at 𝑃'& = 135 𝑘𝑃𝑎. Both the turbine and the compressor may be considered
adiabatic.
The exhaust gases contain may be considered as air. The relevant properties of the air, which can be
considered as an ideal gas, are: 𝐶)* = 1 kJ. K $% . kg $% , 𝑅 = 0.287 kJ. K $% . kg $% . Also remember that, for a
reversible adiabatic process of an ideal gas:
#$%
𝑇! 𝑃! #
=$ &
𝑇" 𝑃"

a) (1.0) Calculate the work power transferred from the turbine to the compressor, 𝑊̇+ , and the
temperature at the exit of the compressor, 𝑇'& .

𝑊̇, = 𝑚̇, (ℎ," − ℎ,& ) = 𝑚̇, 𝐶)* (𝑇," − 𝑇,& ) = 1.004 kW

𝑊̇+ = −𝑊̇, = 𝑚̇+ (ℎ+" − ℎ+& ) = 𝑚̇+ 𝐶)* (𝑇+" − 𝑇+& ) = −1.004 kW , 𝑇+& = 125.6℃

Note: if you don’t solve this question consider for the next ones 𝑇'& = 126 ℃ and 𝑊̇+ = 1 kW)
b) (1.0) Calculate the isentropic efficiency of the compressor. (Note: if you can’t find the work
used by an ideal compressor use 0.65 kW)

,!"_$ )!"
Adiabatic reversible, 𝑠+" = 𝑠+& , ∆𝑠' = 0 = 𝐶)* ln ,!%
− 𝑅 ln
)!%
, 𝑇+&_0 = 106.2℃

𝑊̇+"1&23 = 𝑚̇+ 𝐶)* O𝑇+" − 𝑇+&_0 P = −0.65 kW

5̇!%&"'(
𝜂4 = = 0.65
5̇!

c) (0.8) Represent ideal process of b) in a P-v diagram and mark the work consumed by the
compressor.

d) (0.8) Calculate the entropy generated per unit of time in the compressor.

𝑄̇
̇
+ 𝑚̇+ 𝑠'" + 𝑆-&. = 𝑚̇+ 𝑠'&
𝑇

𝑇+& 𝑃+&
̇
𝑆-&. = 𝑚̇+ (𝑠'& − 𝑠'" ) = 𝑚̇+ J𝐶)* ln − 𝑅 ln M = 0.89 W. K $%
𝑇+" 𝑃+"