MUSIC

“Triumvirate Of Filipino Composers”

– A group of three men holding power in their specific field or specialization (powerhouse)
 Antonio Molina
 Nicanor Abelardo
 Francisco Santiago
20th century traditional composers

1. Francisco Santiago
 is known as the “Father of the Kundiman” and belongs to the “Triumvirate of Filipino Composers.”
 obtained his Doctorate Degree in American Conservatory of Music in Chicago in 1924.
 Santiago’s music was Romantic in style, incorporating Western forms and techniques with folk materials.
 Works: Pakiusap, Madaling Araw, Sakali Man, Hibik ng Pilipinas, Ano Kaya ang Kapalaran, and
Kundiman (Anak Dalita).

2. Levi Celerio
– Composed sa Ugoy ng Duyan together with Lucio San Pedro
– National Artist for Music Levi Celerio landed a spot in the Guiness Book of World Records for being the first
man who could play music on a leaf
– Recognized as the National Artist of the Philippines for Music and Literature in 1997
– Born in Tondo, Celerio received his scholarship at the Academy of Music in Manila that made it possible for
him to join the Manila Symphony Orchestra
– His Works “O Maliwanag na Buwan” (iloko), “Ako ay May Singsing” (Pampango) “Alibangbang” (visaya)
among others.

3. Jose Maceda
– An ethonomusicologist and composer
– He combined sounds of the environment and ethnic musical styles
– Named a National Artist of the Phillipine for Music in 1998
– Ugma-Ugma (1963), Pagsamba (1968), Udlot-Udlot (1975). Other Major Works include Agungan, Kubing,
Pagsamba, Ugnayan, Ading, Aroding, Siasid, Suling-Suling.

4. Lucrecia Kasilag
– Born on August 31, in San Fernando, La Union
– She Obtained Bachelor of Arts degree in English, at the PWU, Cum laude
– She Created/composed “The Legend of Sarimanok”

5. Joseefino “Chino” Toledo

– A professor and chair of the department of composition and theory and a university artist III (2009-2020)
at the University of the Phillipines
– His works described as “pure and powerful”
– AUIT
6. Leopoldo Silos
– A graduate and a distinguished alumni of the prestigious Colegio De San Juan De Letran
– On September 9, 2022 Leopoldo was made a member of the post humous awardees of our Grandes Figuras
Award.
– One of his well known hits was “Dahil sa Isang Bulaklak” (Because of One Flower)
7. Nicanor Abelardo
 developed a style that combined European romanticism with chromaticism.
 His compositions contain hazy tones, dissonance and unusual chordal combinations
 one of the “Triumvirate of Filipino Composers”
 Works: Cinderella Overture, Panoramas, Mutya ng Pasig, Nasaan Ka Irog, Cavatina for Violoncello,
and Magbalik Ka Hirang.
8. Antonio Molina
– the first National Artist for Music
– is considered one of the “Triumvirate of Filipino Composers”
– He was a faculty member of the University of the Philippines’ Conservatory (now College) of Music.
– Molina was a product of both the Romantic and Impressionist schools of thought.
– began his music career as an orchestral soloist at the Manila Grand Opera House.

9. Lucio San Pedro

 is known as a “romantic nationalist.”
 He incorporated Philippine folk elements in his compositions with Western forms and harmony.
 His chords have a rich expressive tonality, as represented in his well-loved Sa Ugoy ng Duyan, a lullaby
melody sung by his mother
10. Ryan Cayabyab
– a contemporary composer and conductor and spans both popular and classical worlds with his pop, ballads,
operas, zarzuela, orchestral, and choral compositions.
– Works: Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika (1978), Alikabok (2003), Spoliarium, etc.

11. Francisco B. Buencamino Sr.

 was born on November 5, 1883 in Bulacan.
 He taught at the Ateneo de Manila, and at Centro Escolar de Señoritas whose Conservatory of Music he
founded
 created the Buencamino Music Academy in 1930 where Nicanor Abelardo was one of his students.
 Works: Harana, Pandanggo ni Neneng, Collar de Sampaguita, Dulces las Horas, Mayon
12. Felipe P. De Leon
 was known as a nationalist composer who expressed the Philippines' cultural identity through his
compositions.
 was born on May 1, 1912 in Barrio Papaya (now General Tinio) in Penaranda, Nueva Ecija.
  is a writer and the chairman of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA).

Types of composers
Song Composer – Musical style use for theme songs in movies and TV Series
Classic Composer – Writing out musical notation and trying things out on the piano
Traditional Composer - creates music that is deeply rooted in the country’s rich cultural cultural heritage and
indigenous traditions
Contemporary Composers - compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from twentieth century art music

ARTS
Photography
 was viewed as a purely technical process, that of recording visible images by light action on light- sensitive
materials.
 from the Greek “photos” (meaning light) and “graphos” (meaning writing) - “light writing”
The power of photography as a communicator comes from two distinctive characteristics:
o immediacy
o detail
Photographs are vital tools in communication fields such as journalism, advertising, education, and even in courts of law.
Noteworthy Philippine Photographers
George Tapan
 is an award-winning travel photographer who has won two Pacific Asia Tourism Association (PATA) Gold awards,
an ASEAN Tourism Association award, and first place in the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest.
 “Into The Green Zone”
 His highly acclaimed work has been published in five travel photography books.

John K. Chua
– One of the Phillipine advertising’s most enduring, and most beloved, photographers.
– Died on 2018 due to colon cancer
– Davao Peal Farm, Gulp of Davao

Characteristics of Phillipine Photography

Interesting Foreground
– Portion of the frame that is closest to the camera
Sharpness
– Shows intent and skill
Interesting Perspective
– A shot taken from a few inches from the ground or under the subject, something which is not usually seen can
produce images
Linear Perspective
– Most common type of perspective photography, using converging lines to show depth in a frame
– It requires two elements: parallel lines and a vanishing point
 One point Linear Perspective
 Two-point linear Perspective
 Three-point Linear Perspective
 Diminishing Perspective
 Forced Perspective
 Atmospheric or Aerial Perspective
 Overlap Perspective

Good lightning
– A photographer knows how to really work with light which can help create some truly stunning images
Symmetry
– Quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis
Shadows
– Gives depth to two dimensional images or just interesting composition builders
Contrast
– Visual ratio of different tones in an image
– This is what creates the textures, highlights, shadows, colors and clarity in a photograph
Human Interest
– Better to see photos with the subject who isn’t reacting to the camera but instead, living their life
Isolation
– The ability to draw the viewer’s attention away from anything distracting in the image and lead them right to the
main subject.

FILM

Filming
Kinetoscope – A peepshow cabinet with an eyehole through which the aerliest movies could viewed by one person at time
Film – A thin flexible strip of plastic or other material coated with light- sensitive emulsion for exposure in a camera,
used to produce photographs or motion pictures

Lino Brocka
– Director for film and broadcast arts who promoted the term “Freedom of Expressions”in the Phillipine Constitution.

Basic Film Elements

Narrative – plot of the movie

Cinematography – writing in movement
Sound – most powerful aspects in film that has three components: music, dialogue, sound effect
Mise En Scene – things that appear in the film’s frame
Editing – assembling shots into sequences to create a finished film.

Pinoy Film
 Marilou Diaz – Abaya – Muro-ami
 Laurice Guillen – Santa-Santita
 Lino Brocka – Manila sa Kuko ng Liwanag
 Ishmael Bernal – Himala
Pinoy Animated Film
Urduja – first filipino animated created by an all-Filipino group animator using traditional animation (hand-drawn)
RPG Metanoia – a 2010 Phillipine Animated adventure film produced by Ambient Media, Thaumatrope animation and Star
Cinema.

Pinoy Designer
 Rajo Laurel – Judge on Project Runway Philippines
 Kenneth Cobonpue – Cebu based interior designer known globally for his works
 Dita Sandico-Ong – Wrap artist
 Lulu Tan Gan – Queen of Knitwear
Print Media
– Traditional mass media published on paper
Examples of Print Media
– Newspapers
– Tabloids
– Magazines
– Comics
Pinoy Comics Industry
– Comics became famous in the Philippines in 1920s through Liwayway Magazines.
– Antonio "Tony" Velasquez - Father of Filipino Comics he known for his work “Kenkoy
– Pugad Baboy - a comic strip created by Filipino cartoonist Apolonio "Pol" Medina, Jr. The strip isabout a
Manila community of mostly obese people "(Philippine Daily Inquirer)
Digital Media
– Any form of media that uses electronic devices for distribution
Animation
 Traditional Animation – drawing by hand for each and every frame
 Digital 2D Animation – creating animations in the 2 dimensional space with the help of digital technologies
 Digital 3D Animation – making the unreal characters into a realistic one
 Stop=Motion Animation – capturing a photo of an object, then moving it just a little bit to take another photo
 Motion Graphics – art of moving graphic elements such as texts or shapes

The Phillipine Animation Production Process

 Pre-Production – story, storyboarding, editorial, visual development, pre-visualization
 Production – Modelling, surfacing, rigging, layout and set dressing, character animation, crowd simulation,
technical directing, Lighting
 Post-Production – Compositing, Music and Sound Design, Color Grading

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Street Dance
 refers to dance styles that have evolved outside of dance studios
 improvisational and social in nature
Hip-Hop Dance
 a cultural movement best known for its impact on music in the form of the musical genre of the same name.
 Origins in the Bronx, New York City, during the 1970s
 Jive with the beat, a type of dance that is very energetic

STREET AND HIP-HOP DANCE STYLES

B-boying
 also called breakdancing
 The first hip-hop dance style that was created in the South Bronx New York City among Black and Puerto Rican
Youths during the early 1970s
 3 main elements: acrobatics, gymnastics and rhythm
- Top Rock - Freezes
- Down Rock - Power Moves

Popping
 Was popularized by Samuel Boogaloo Sam Solomon and his crew the Electric Boogaloos.
 Boogaloo consists of loose movements using the hips and legs.
 It gives the illusion that the performer has no bones.
Locking
 Locking or campbellocking was created by Don Campbellock Campbell in 1969 in Los Angles, California
 Similar to popping. Both movements seem to have a pause.
Krumping
 is a dance style to release anger
  form of dancing that originated in the African- American community of South Central Los Angeles,
 Is a relatively new form of the “Urban Black dance movement”
Tutting
 Is an upper-body dance that uses arms, hands, and wrists in a creative wat to make geometric shapes forming a
right angle
 Originally practiced by young funk dancers.
 is a creative way of making geometric shapes forming right angle using your body parts.

Shuffling
 a rave and club dance that originated in the late 1980s in the underground rave music scene in Melbourne,
Australia.
 The basic movements of the dance are a fast heel-and-toe action with a style suitable for various types of
electronic music
Waacking
– Is an African-American form of sreet dance originating in the 1970s disco era of the underground LGBT club
scenes in Los Angeles and New York City
– English word “waack” which means waving arms

HEALTH
The Pinggang Pinoy for Teenagers was developed by the Department of Science and Technology –Food and Nutrition
Research Institute Pyramid to help teenagers choose healthy and nutritious foods. It is a food guide that shows the
recommended proportions and amounts of food groups to be consumed in every meal, targeting the nutritional
needs of adolescents, 13 to 18 years old. It is composed of 17% fruits, 33% vegetables, 33% carbohydrate-rich foods,
and 17% protein-rich foods. Physical activity and sufficient intake of water are also included.

The Pinggang Pinoy features the:

 GO (Energy giving)
– The Go or energy giving food group includes foods rich in carbohydrates which is the main source of energy for
the muscles during vigorous activity. Examples are rice, root crops, pasta, and bread.
 GROW (Body building)
– Eating meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and nuts is an important source of protein. It helps build and repair
muscles that have been stressed out through continuous use.
 Glow (Body regulating)
– The Glow or body regulating food group consisting of vegetables and fruits take up half of the food on the
plate.
Global Health Initiatives
 are programs set in motion by the United Nations through the World Health Organization and in partnership with
the World Bank which targets specific health problems including but not limited to emerging and re-emerging
diseases, climate change, environmental sanitation, mental health, tobacco regulation, and alcohol use.
 The Global fight against Communicable Diseases
 Roll Back Malaria
 Stop TB
 Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization
 The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria.
 Global Prevention and Control of Tobacco and Alcohol Use
 Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol.
 Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control
 of Non-communicable Diseases
1. Global Fund - is a partnership designed to accelerate the end of AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria as epidemics. - is a
financing mechanism rather than an implementing agency

2. Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations (GAVI) - a global Vaccine Alliance, bringing together public and
private sectors with the shared goal of creating equal access to new and underused vaccines for children living in the
world’s poorest countries.

3. World Health Organization - It is designated to serve as the lead agency tasked to direct and coordinate with all
member nations regarding leadership, supervision, technical support, and education on matters about health.
Communicable Disease
 a disease transmitted from one person to another by direct or indirect contact
Health Issue
Any of the important statements in health that is in dispute and must be settled
Health Trend
Any general tendency to change in health concepts, information, skills, and values
Non-Communicable Disease
 disease not transmitted through direct or indirect contact and non- infectious
4. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) - It is the United Nations' global development network. It advocates
for change and connects countries to knowledge, experience, and resources to help people build a better life for
themselves.
The United Nations Development Program’s Quick Wins
The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) works with different nations and organizations to withstand crises,
empower lives and improve the quality of life for all.
Quick Wins
 are actions that can be immediately used within the community or locale to produce effective results.
 One of the UNDP’s intervention programs to achieve the eight millennium development goals.
 If applied continuously, Quick Wins could change people’s views, and beliefs and trigger actions which could lead
to helping millions of lives and countries find their right path towards the goals.

5. United Nations International Children's Fund (UNICEF) - It is a United Nations’ agency responsible for providing
humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide. It is among the most widespread and recognizable social
welfare organizations in the world, with presence in 192 countries and territories is intended to be a guide that should help
everyone select activity that best fits his lifestyle and health needs.