Solutions for Assignment 02.

Z p 3
(1 + y) 2
1. 1. I = p dy
y
p du 1 2du 1
Let u = 1 + y then dy = p i.e. 1 = p
2 y y

Z
3
I = 2 u 2 du
1
= 4u +c 2

p = 21
= 4(1 + y) +c
4
= p p +c
(1 + y)
Z
1
2. I = dx, x > 1
3x sec( ln x)

du dx du
Let u = ln x then dx = i.e. x =
x

Z
1 1
I = du
3 sec u
Z
1
= cos udu
3
1
= sin(u) + c
3
1
= sin( ln x) + c
3

Z 4
dx
3. I = p
3 x 2x

p
Let u = x then

du 1 1
= p = , dx = 2udu
dx 2 x 2u

1
 Z
dx
Iindef = p
x 2x
Z
2udu
=
u 2u2
Z
du
= 2
1 2u
dv
(let v = 1 2u then = 2)
Z du
2 dv
= = 1 ln jvj + c = 1 ln jvj + c
2 v
p
= 1 ln j1 2uj + c = 1 ln 1 2 x + c
Z 161
dx p 4
I = p = 1 ln 1 2 x 3
0 x 2x
p
= 1 ln 3 + 1 ln(2 3 1)
p
2 3 1
= ln
3

R p
4. x3 (ln x)dx x>0
p
u = ln x dv = x3
du 1
dx = 2x v = 14 x4

Z Z
3 1 4 p 1
x (ln x)dx = x ln x x3 dx (5.)
4 8
1 4 1 1 4
= x ln x : x +c
8 8 4
1 4 1 4
= x ln x x +c
8 32
Z
1
5. tan (3x 1)dx

du
Let u = 3x 1 then dx =3
So we have
Z Z
1 1 1
tan (3x 1)dx = tan udu
3

w = tan 1 u dv = 1
dw 1
dx = 1+u2 v=u

2
 Z Z
1 1 udu
tan udu = u tan u
1 + u2
1
= u tan u I2
dv
For I2 use the substitution v = 1 + u2 and du = 2u

Z Z
udu 1 1
I2 = = v dv
1 + u2 2
1
= ln v + c
2
1
= ln(1 + u2 ) + c2
2
Then
Z
1 1 1
tan (3x 1)dx = [(u tan 1 u) ln(1 + u2 )] + c
3 2
1 1
= (3x 1) tan 1 (3x 1) ln(1 + (3x 1)2 ) + c
3 6
1 1
= (x ) tan 1 (3x 1) ln(9x2 6x + 2) + c
3 6
Z
x
6. I = x2 cos( ) dx
2
Let
x
u = x2 dv = cos( ) dx
du
R 2
dx = 2x v = 2 cos w dw = 2 sin w = 2 sin x2
x dw
(using substitution w = 2 and dx = 12 )
Z
x
I = x2 cos )dx
2
Z
2 x x
= 2x sin 4 x sin dx
2 2
R
Let I2 = x sin x2 dx
x
u=x dv = sin( ) dx
Then R 2
du
dx =1 v = 2 sin w dw = 2 cos w = 2 cos x2

(using substitution w = x2 and dw 1

dx = 2 )
We have

3
 Z
x x
I = 2x2 sin 4 x sin dx
2 2
Z
2 x x x
= 2x sin 4(( 2x cos ) + 2 cos dx)
2 2 2
2 x x x
= 2x sin + 8x cos 16 sin + c
2 2 2
7. Z Z
2x + 4 2x + 4
dx = dx
x2 5x + 6 (x 3)(x 2)

2x + 4 A B
= +
(x 3)(x 2) x 3 x 2
A(x 2) + B(x 3)
=
(x 3)(x 2)

Then

2x + 4 = A(x 2) + B(x 3) = (A + B)x 2A 3B

Then
A + B = 2 and 2A 3B = 4
We have

A = 2 B so 2(2 B) 3B = 4 and so B = 8
also A = 10

Z Z Z
2x + 4 dx dx
dx = 10 8
x2 5x + 6 x 3 x 2
= 10 ln jx 3j 8 ln jx 2j + c
10
jx 3j
= ln 8 +c
jx 2j
Z
8. I = e 3x
sin( 13 x) dx

We use partial integration:

Let
u = e 3x dv =R sin( 13 x)dx R
du
dx = 3e 3x
v = sin( 31 x)dx = 3 sin wdw = 3 cos w = 3 cos 31 x

4
 (using substitution w = 31 x and dw 1
dx = 3 )
Z
1
I = e 3x sin( x)dx
3
Z
3x 1 3x 1
= e 3 cos x 9 e cos( x)dx
3 3
3x 1
= 3e cos x 9I2 (*)
3

R
where I2 = e 3x
cos( 31 x)dx and we use again partial integration:
u = e 3x dv = Rcos( 13 x)dx
du 3x 1
dx = 3e v = 3 cos w dw = 3 sin w = 3 sin 3x
(using substitution w = 31 x and dw 1
dx = 3 )
Z
1
I2 = e 3x cos( x)dx
3
Z
3x 1 1
= 3e sin x + 9 e 3x sin( x)dx (**)
3 3

Substituting (**) into (*) we obtain:

3x 1
I = 3e cos x 9I2
3 Z
3x 1 1 1
= 3e cos x 9(3e 3x sin x + 9 e 3x sin( x)dx) + c
3 3 3
Z
3x 1 3x 1 3x 1
= 3e cos x 27e sin x 81 e sin( x)dx
3 3 3
1 1
= 3e 3x cos x 27e 3x sin x 81I
3 3

i.e.

3x 1 1
82I = 3e cos x 27e 3x sin x + c
3 3
3 3x 1 27 3x 1
I = e cos x e sin x + c
82 3 82 3
Z 2
x2 + 3
9. I = 3
dx
1 x + 2x
Use the method of partial fractions.

5
 x2 + 3 x2 + 3
=
x3 + 2x x(x2 + 2)
A Bx + C
= + 2
x x +2
A(x2 + 2) + (Bx + C)x
=
x(x2 + 2)

Then A + B = 1; C = 0; 2A = 3
so that A = 23 ; B = 12
A Bx + C 31 1 x
+ 2 =
x x +2 2x 2 x2 + 2

Z
31 1 x
Iindef = ( )dx
2x 2 x2 + 2
Z Z
3 1 1 2x
= dx dx
2 x 4 x2 + 2
3 1
= ln jxj ln x2 + 2 + c
2 4
R R
Since x22x +2 dx =
1 2
u du= ln juj + c when we subsitute u = x + 2 and
du
dx = 2x we have
Z 2 2
x +3
I = 3 + 2x
dx
1 x
3 1 2
= ln jxj ln x2 + 2 j 1
2 4
3 1 1
= ln 2 ln 6 + ln 3
2 4 4
3 1 1 1
= ln 2 ( ln 3 + ln 2) + ln 3 since ln ab = ln a + ln b
2 4 4 4
5
= ln 2
4
Z
x3 7x2 + x + 1
10. I = dx
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9)
Use the method of partial fractions:
x3 7x2 + x + 1 Ax + B Cx + D
= + 2
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9) x2 + 1 x +9
(Ax + B)(x + 9) + (Cx + D)(x2 + 1)
2
=
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9)
(A + C)x + (B + D)x2 + (9A + C)x + 9B + D
3
=
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9)

6
 A + C = 1; B + D = 7; 9A + C = 1; 9B + D = 1
From A + C = 1 en 9A + C = 1 we have 8A = 0 so that A = 0 and C = 1:
From B + D = 7 en 9B + D = 1 we have that 8B = 8 sodat B = 1 en
D = 8:

Z
x3 7x2 + x + 1
I = dx
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9)
Z Z Z
1dx x 8
= + dx dx
x2 + 1 x2 + 9 x2 + 9
Z Z Z
dx 1 2x 1
= 2
+ 2
dx 8 2
dx
x +1 2 x +9 x +9
1
= tan 1 x + ln(x2 + 9) 8I2 + c
2

where we used substitution u = x2 + 9 and du dx = 2x for the 2nd integral.

Now
Z
1
I2 = 2
dx
x +9
Z
1 1
= dx
9 ( x3 )2 + 1

x
Now let u = 3 then du
dx = 3
1

Z Z
1 1 1 1
I2 = 2
3du = 2
du
9 (u) + 1 3 (u) + 1
1
= tan 1 u + c
3
1 x
= tan 1 + c
3 3

So
Z
x3 7x2 + x + 1
I = dx
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 9)
1 1 x
= tan 1 x + ln(x2 + 9) 8( tan 1 ) + c
2 3 3
1 1 2 8 1 x
= tan x + ln(x + 9) tan +c
2 3 3

11. Find the volume of the solid of revolutio generated when the region bounded
by y = x(x 2) and y = x is rotated about the line y = 4.

7
 Rotated about a line parallel to the x=axis all must be in terms of x.
The intersection points of the two curves: x(x 2) = x , x2 3x = 0 ,
x(x 3) = 0 , x = 0 or x = 3 i.e.where y = 0 and y = 3:
The outer radius will be

R(x) = 4 (x2 2x)

and the inner radius is

r(x) = 4 x
The volume of the solid using the washer method will be
Z 3
[ (R(x)) (r(x))2 ]dx
0
Z 3
= [4 (x2 2x)]2 [4 x]2 dx
0
Z 3
= f16 8(x2 2x) + (x2 2x)2 [16 8x + x2 ]gdx
0
Z 3
= f16 8x2 + 16x + x4 4x3 + 4x2 16 + 8x x2 ]gdx
0
Z 3
= f 8x2 + 16x + x4 4x3 + 4x2 + 8x x2 ]gdx
0
Z 3
= fx4 4x3 5x2 + 24x]gdx
0
1 5 3 3
= [ x5 x4 x + 12x2 ] j 0
5 3
35
= ( 34 5:32 + 12:32 ]
5
243 3 3
= ( 81 45 + 108) = (48 45 + 27) = 30
5 5 5
12. Find the volume of the solid
p of revolution generated when the region
bounded by y = x3 and y = x is rotated about the line x = 1:

All must be in terms of y so the functions can be written as x = 3y and

x = y2 :
Intersection points x = 3y = y 2 , y(3 y) = 0 so the integration limits are
y = 0 and y = 3:
The outer radius is R(y) = 3y ( 1) = 3y + 1
The inner radius is r(y) = y 2 ( 1) = y 2 + 1

8
Thus the volume of the solid of revolution is
Z 3
V = [ (3y + 1)2 (y 2 + 1)2 ]dy
0
Z 3
= [(9y 2 + 6y + 1) (y 4 + 2y 2 + 1)]dy
0
Z 3
= [ y 4 + 7y 2 + 6y]dy
0
1 5 7 3 3
= [ y + y + 3y 2 ] j 0
5 3
35 7:33
= ( + + 33 )
5 3
36 + 7:5:33 + 34 :5 621 207
= ( )= =
15 15 5
=