PDF Computational Science and Its Applications Iccsa 2016 16Th International Conference Beijing China July 4 7 2016 Proceedings Part Iv 1St Edition Osvaldo Gervasi Ebook Full Chapter

Computational Science and Its
Applications ICCSA 2016 16th

International Conference Beijing China
July 4 7 2016 Proceedings Part IV 1st
Edition Osvaldo Gervasi
Visit to download the full and correct content document:
https://textbookfull.com/product/computational-science-and-its-applications-iccsa-201
6-16th-international-conference-beijing-china-july-4-7-2016-proceedings-part-iv-1st-e
dition-osvaldo-gervasi/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...
Computational Science and Its Applications ICCSA 2020

20th International Conference Cagliari Italy July 1 4
2020 Proceedings Part VII Osvaldo Gervasi
https://textbookfull.com/product/computational-science-and-its-
applications-iccsa-2020-20th-international-conference-cagliari-
italy-july-1-4-2020-proceedings-part-vii-osvaldo-gervasi/

20th International Conference Cagliari Italy July 1 4
2020 Proceedings Part VI Osvaldo Gervasi
applications-iccsa-2020-20th-international-conference-cagliari-
italy-july-1-4-2020-proceedings-part-vi-osvaldo-gervasi/

18th International Conference Melbourne VIC Australia
July 2 5 2018 Proceedings Part III Osvaldo Gervasi
applications-iccsa-2018-18th-international-conference-melbourne-
vic-australia-july-2-5-2018-proceedings-part-iii-osvaldo-gervasi/

18th International Conference Melbourne VIC Australia
July 2 5 2018 Proceedings Part V Osvaldo Gervasi
applications-iccsa-2018-18th-international-conference-melbourne-
vic-australia-july-2-5-2018-proceedings-part-v-osvaldo-gervasi/
Haptics Perception Devices Control and Applications
10th International Conference EuroHaptics 2016 London
UK July 4 7 2016 Proceedings Part I 1st Edition
Fernando Bello
https://textbookfull.com/product/haptics-perception-devices-
control-and-applications-10th-international-conference-
eurohaptics-2016-london-uk-july-4-7-2016-proceedings-part-i-1st-
edition-fernando-bello/
Blended Learning Aligning Theory with Practices 9th

International Conference ICBL 2016 Beijing China July
19 21 2016 Proceedings 1st Edition Simon K.S. Cheung
https://textbookfull.com/product/blended-learning-aligning-
theory-with-practices-9th-international-conference-
icbl-2016-beijing-china-july-19-21-2016-proceedings-1st-edition-
simon-k-s-cheung/
Advances in Image and Graphics Technologies 11th

Chinese Conference IGTA 2016 Beijing China July 8 9
2016 Proceedings Tieniu Tan
https://textbookfull.com/product/advances-in-image-and-graphics-
technologies-11th-chinese-conference-igta-2016-beijing-china-
july-8-9-2016-proceedings-tieniu-tan/
Information Security and Cryptology: 12th International

Conference, Inscrypt 2016, Beijing, China, November
4-6, 2016, Revised Selected Papers 1st Edition Kefei
Chen
https://textbookfull.com/product/information-security-and-
cryptology-12th-international-conference-inscrypt-2016-beijing-
china-november-4-6-2016-revised-selected-papers-1st-edition-
kefei-chen/
Computational Logistics 7th International Conference

ICCL 2016 Lisbon Portugal September 7 9 2016
Proceedings 1st Edition Ana Paias
https://textbookfull.com/product/computational-logistics-7th-
international-conference-iccl-2016-lisbon-portugal-
september-7-9-2016-proceedings-1st-edition-ana-paias/
Osvaldo Gervasi · Beniamino Murgante
Sanjay Misra · Ana Maria A.C. Rocha
Carmelo M. Torre · David Taniar
Bernady O. Apduhan · Elena Stankova
Shangguang Wang (Eds.)
Computational Science
LNCS 9789
and Its Applications –

ICCSA 2016
16th International Conference
Beijing, China, July 4–7, 2016
Proceedings, Part IV
123
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9789
Commenced Publication in 1973
Founding and Former Series Editors:
Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen
Editorial Board
David Hutchison
Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
Takeo Kanade
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Josef Kittler
University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Jon M. Kleinberg
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Friedemann Mattern
ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
John C. Mitchell
Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Moni Naor
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
C. Pandu Rangan
Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
Bernhard Steffen
TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
Demetri Terzopoulos
University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Doug Tygar
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
Gerhard Weikum
Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7407
Osvaldo Gervasi Beniamino Murgante
•
Sanjay Misra Ana Maria A.C. Rocha

•
Carmelo M. Torre David Taniar

•
Bernady O. Apduhan Elena Stankova

•
Shangguang Wang (Eds.)
Computational Science
and Its Applications –
ICCSA 2016
16th International Conference
Beijing, China, July 4–7, 2016
Proceedings, Part IV
123
Editors
Osvaldo Gervasi David Taniar
University of Perugia Monash University
Perugia Clayton, VIC
Italy Australia
Beniamino Murgante Bernady O. Apduhan
University of Basilicata Kyushu Sangyo University
Potenza Fukuoka
Italy Japan
Sanjay Misra Elena Stankova
Covenant University Saint Petersburg State University
Ota Saint Petersburg
Nigeria Russia
Ana Maria A.C. Rocha Shangguang Wang
University of Minho Beijing University of Posts
Braga and Telecommunications
Portugal Beijing
China
Carmelo M. Torre
Polytechnic University
Bari
Italy
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science
ISBN 978-3-319-42088-2 ISBN 978-3-319-42089-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42089-9
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016944355
LNCS Sublibrary: SL1 – Theoretical Computer Science and General Issues
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the
material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now
known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are
believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors
give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or
omissions that may have been made.
Printed on acid-free paper
This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature

The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
Preface
These multi-volume proceedings (LNCS volumes 9786, 9787, 9788, 9789, and 9790)
consist of the peer-reviewed papers from the 2016 International Conference on
Computational Science and Its Applications (ICCSA 2016) held in Beijing, China,
during July 4–7, 2016.
ICCSA 2016 was a successful event in the series of conferences, previously held in
Banff, Canada (2015), Guimares, Portugal (2014), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (2013),
Salvador, Brazil (2012), Santander, Spain (2011), Fukuoka, Japan (2010), Suwon,
South Korea (2009), Perugia, Italy (2008), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2007), Glasgow,
UK (2006), Singapore (2005), Assisi, Italy (2004), Montreal, Canada (2003), (as ICCS)
Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2002), and San Francisco, USA (2001).
Computational science is a main pillar of most present research as well as industrial
and commercial activities and it plays a unique role in exploiting ICT innovative
technologies. The ICCSA conference series has been providing a venue to researchers
and industry practitioners to discuss new ideas, to share complex problems and their
solutions, and to shape new trends in computational science.
Apart from the general tracks, ICCSA 2016 also included 33 international work-
shops, in various areas of computational sciences, ranging from computational science
technologies to specific areas of computational sciences, such as computer graphics and
virtual reality. The program also featured three keynote speeches and two tutorials.
The success of the ICCSA conference series, in general, and ICCSA 2016, in
particular, is due to the support of many people: authors, presenters, participants,
keynote speakers, session chairs, Organizing Committee members, student volunteers,
Program Committee members, Steering Committee members, and many people in
other various roles. We would like to thank them all.
We would also like to thank our sponsors, in particular NVidia and Springer for
their very important support and for making the Best Paper Award ceremony so
impressive.
We would also like to thank Springer for their continuous support in publishing the
ICCSA conference proceedings.
July 2016 Shangguang Wang

Osvaldo Gervasi
Bernady O. Apduhan
Organization
ICCSA 2016 was organized by Beijing University of Post and Telecommunication

(China), University of Perugia (Italy), Monash University (Australia), Kyushu Sangyo
University (Japan), University of Basilicata (Italy), University of Minho, (Portugal),
and the State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology (China).
Honorary General Chairs

Junliang Chen Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Antonio Laganà University of Perugia, Italy
Norio Shiratori Tohoku University, Japan
Kenneth C.J. Tan Sardina Systems, Estonia
General Chairs
Shangguang Wang Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Osvaldo Gervasi University of Perugia, Italy
Bernady O. Apduhan Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Program Committee Chairs

Sen Su Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Beniamino Murgante University of Basilicata, Italy
Ana Maria A.C. Rocha University of Minho, Portugal
David Taniar Monash University, Australia
International Advisory Committee

Jemal Abawajy Deakin University, Australia
Dharma P. Agarwal University of Cincinnati, USA
Marina L. Gavrilova University of Calgary, Canada
Claudia Bauzer Medeiros University of Campinas, Brazil
Manfred M. Fisher Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
Yee Leung Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR China
International Liaison Chairs

Ana Carla P. Bitencourt Universidade Federal do Reconcavo da Bahia, Brazil
Alfredo Cuzzocrea ICAR-CNR and University of Calabria, Italy
Maria Irene Falcão University of Minho, Portugal
VIII Organization
Robert C.H. Hsu Chung Hua University, Taiwan

Tai-Hoon Kim Hannam University, Korea
Sanjay Misra University of Minna, Nigeria
Takashi Naka Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Rafael D.C. Santos National Institute for Space Research, Brazil
Maribel Yasmina Santos University of Minho, Portugal
Workshop and Session Organizing Chairs

Sanjay Misra Covenant University, Nigeria
Jorge Gustavo Rocha University of Minho, Portugal
Award Chair
Wenny Rahayu La Trobe University, Australia
Publicity Committee Chair

Zibing Zheng Sun Yat-Sen University, China
Mingdong Tang Hunan University of Science and Technology, China
Yutao Ma Wuhan University, China
Ao Zhou Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Ruisheng Shi Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
China
Workshop Organizers
Agricultural and Environment Information and Decision Support Systems
(AEIDSS 2016)
Sandro Bimonte IRSTEA, France
André Miralles IRSTEA, France
Thérèse Libourel LIRMM, France
François Pinet IRSTEA, France
Advances in Information Systems and Technologies for Emergency Preparedness

and Risk Assessment (ASTER 2016)
Maurizio Pollino ENEA, Italy
Marco Vona University of Basilicata, Italy
Advances in Web-Based Learning (AWBL 2016)

Mustafa Murat Inceoglu Ege University, Turkey
Organization IX
Bio- and Neuro-Inspired Computing and Applications (BIOCA 2016)

Nadia Nedjah State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Luiza de Macedo Mourell State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Computer-Aided Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis (CAMSA 2016)

Jie Shen University of Michigan, USA and Jilin University,
China
Hao Chenina Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China
Xiaoqiang Liun Donghua University, China
Weichun Shi Shanghai Maritime University, China
Yujie Liu Southeast Jiaotong University, China
Computational and Applied Statistics (CAS 2016)

Ana Cristina Braga University of Minho, Portugal
Ana Paula Costa Conceicao University of Minho, Portugal
Amorim
Computational Geometry and Security Applications (CGSA 2016)

Marina L. Gavrilova University of Calgary, Canada
Computational Algorithms and Sustainable Assessment (CLASS 2016)

Antonino Marvuglia Public Research Centre Henri Tudor, Luxembourg
Mikhail Kanevski Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
Chemistry and Materials Sciences and Technologies (CMST 2016)

Noelia Faginas Lago University of Perugia, Italy
Leonardo Pacifici University of Perugia, Italy
Computational Optimization and Applications (COA 2016)

Ana Maria Rocha University of Minho, Portugal
Humberto Rocha University of Coimbra, Portugal
Cities, Technologies, and Planning (CTP 2016)

Giuseppe Borruso University of Trieste, Italy
Databases and Computerized Information Retrieval Systems (DCIRS 2016)

Sultan Alamri College of Computing and Informatics, SEU,
Saudi Arabia
Adil Fahad Albaha University, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Alamri Jeddah University, Saudi Arabia
X Organization
Data Science for Intelligent Decision Support (DS4IDS 2016)

Filipe Portela University of Minho, Portugal
Manuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, Portugal
Econometrics and Multidimensional Evaluation in the Urban Environment

(EMEUE 2016)
Carmelo M. Torre Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Maria Cerreta University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Paola Perchinunno University of Bari, Italy
Simona Panaro University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Raffaele Attardi University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Future Computing Systems, Technologies, and Applications (FISTA 2016)

Bernady O. Apduhan Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Rafael Santos National Institute for Space Research, Brazil
Jianhua Ma Hosei University, Japan
Qun Jin Waseda University, Japan
Geographical Analysis, Urban Modeling, Spatial Statistics

(GEO-AND-MOD 2016)
Hartmut Asche University of Potsdam, Germany
GPU Technologies (GPUTech 2016)

Gervasi Osvaldo University of Perugia, Italy
Sergio Tasso University of Perugia, Italy
Flavio Vella University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
ICT and Remote Sensing for Environmental and Risk Monitoring (RS-Env 2016)
Rosa Lasaponara Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis,
National Research Council, Italy
Weigu Song University of Science and Technology of China, China
Eufemia Tarantino Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Bernd Fichtelmann DLR, Germany
7th International Symposium on Software Quality (ISSQ 2016)

International Workshop on Biomathematics, Bioinformatics, and Biostatisticss

(IBBB 2016)
Unal Ufuktepe American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
Organization XI
Land Use Monitoring for Soil Consumption Reduction (LUMS 2016)

Alessandro Bonifazi Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Valentina Sannicandro University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Massimiliano Bencardino University of Salerno, Italy
Gianluca di Cugno Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Mobile Communications (MC 2016)

Hyunseung Choo Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
Mobile Computing, Sensing, and Actuation for Cyber Physical Systems

(MSA4IoT 2016)
Saad Qaisar NUST School of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science, Pakistan
Moonseong Kim Korean Intellectual Property Office, Korea
Quantum Mechanics: Computational Strategies and Applications

(QM-CSA 2016)
Mirco Ragni Universidad Federal de Bahia, Brazil
Ana Carla Peixoto Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Brazil
Bitencourt
Vincenzo Aquilanti University of Perugia, Italy
Andrea Lombardi University of Perugia, Italy
Federico Palazzetti University of Perugia, Italy
Remote Sensing for Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Management,

and Monitoring (RSCH 2016)
Rosa Lasaponara IRMMA, CNR, Italy
Nicola Masini IBAM, CNR, Italy Zhengzhou Base, International
Center on Space Technologies for Natural
and Cultural Heritage, China
Chen Fulong Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Scientific Computing Infrastructure (SCI 2016)

Elena Stankova Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Vladimir Korkhov Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Alexander Bogdanov Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Software Engineering Processes and Applications (SEPA 2016)

XII Organization
Social Networks Research and Applications (SNRA 2016)

Eric Pardede La Trobe University, Australia
David Taniar Monash University, Australia
Sustainability Performance Assessment: Models, Approaches, and Applications

Toward Interdisciplinarity and Integrated Solutions (SPA 2016)
Francesco Scorza University of Basilicata, Italy
Valentin Grecu Lucia Blaga University on Sibiu, Romania
Tools and Techniques in Software Development Processes (TTSDP 2016)

Volunteered Geographic Information: From Open Street Map

to Participation (VGI 2016)
Claudia Ceppi University of Basilicata, Italy
Francesco Mancini University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
Virtual Reality and Its Applications (VRA 2016)

Osvaldo Gervasi University of Perugia, Italy
Lucio Depaolis University of Salento, Italy
Web-Based Collective Evolutionary Systems: Models, Measures,

Applications (WCES 2016)
Alfredo Milani University of Perugia, Italy
Valentina Franzoni University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
Yuanxi Li Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong,
SAR China
Clement Leung United International College, Zhuhai, China
Rajdeep Niyogi Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
Program Committee
Jemal Abawajy Deakin University, Australia
Kenny Adamson University of Ulster, UK
Hartmut Asche University of Potsdam, Germany
Michela Bertolotto University College Dublin, Ireland
Sandro Bimonte CEMAGREF, TSCF, France
Rod Blais University of Calgary, Canada
Ivan Blečić University of Sassari, Italy
Yves Caniou Lyon University, France
Organization XIII
José A. Cardoso e Cunha Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal

Carlo Cattani University of Salerno, Italy
Mete Celik Erciyes University, Turkey
Alexander Chemeris National Technical University of Ukraine KPI, Ukraine
Min Young Chung Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
Elisete Correia University of Trás os Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Gilberto Corso Pereira Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
M. Fernanda Costa University of Minho, Portugal
Alfredo Cuzzocrea ICAR-CNR and University of Calabria, Italy
Florbela Maria da Cruz Intituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Domingues Correia
Vanda Marisa da Rosa FCT from University Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
Milheiro Lourenço
Carla Dal Sasso Freitas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Pradesh Debba The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
(CSIR), South Africa
Hendrik Decker Instituto Tecnológico de Informática, Spain
Adelaide de Fátima Baptista University of Aveiro, Portugal
Valente Freitas
Carina Soares da Silva Escola Superior de Tecnologias da Saúde de Lisboa,
Fortes Portugal
Frank Devai London South Bank University, UK
Rodolphe Devillers Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
Joana Dias University of Coimbra, Portugal
Prabu Dorairaj NetApp, India/USA
M. Irene Falcao University of Minho, Portugal
Cherry Liu Fang U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, USA
Florbela Fernandes Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal
Jose-Jesús Fernandez National Centre for Biotechnology, CSIS, Spain
Mara Celia Furtado Rocha PRODEB-Pós Cultura/UFBA, Brazil
Akemi Galvez University of Cantabria, Spain
Paulino Jose Garcia Nieto University of Oviedo, Spain
Marina Gavrilova University of Calgary, Canada
Jerome Gensel LSR-IMAG, France
Mara Giaoutzi National Technical University, Athens, Greece
Andrzej M. Goscinski Deakin University, Australia
Alex Hagen-Zanker University of Cambridge, UK
Malgorzata Hanzl Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Shanmugasundaram B.S. Abdur Rahman University, India
Hariharan
Tutut Herawan Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Hisamoto Hiyoshi Gunma University, Japan
Fermin Huarte University of Barcelona, Spain
Andrés Iglesias University of Cantabria, Spain
Mustafa Inceoglu Ege University, Turkey
Peter Jimack University of Leeds, UK
XIV Organization
Qun Jin Waseda University, Japan

Farid Karimipour Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Baris Kazar Oracle Corp., USA
Maulana Adhinugraha Kiki Telkom University, Indonesia
DongSeong Kim University of Canterbury, New Zealand
Taihoon Kim Hannam University, Korea
Ivana Kolingerova University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic
Dieter Kranzlmueller LMU and LRZ Munich, Germany
Rosa Lasaponara National Research Council, Italy
Maurizio Lazzari National Research Council, Italy
Cheng Siong Lee Monash University, Australia
Sangyoun Lee Yonsei University, Korea
Jongchan Lee Kunsan National University, Korea
Clement Leung United International College, Zhuhai, China
Chendong Li University of Connecticut, USA
Gang Li Deakin University, Australia
Ming Li East China Normal University, China
Fang Liu AMES Laboratories, USA
Xin Liu University of Calgary, Canada
Savino Longo University of Bari, Italy
Tinghuai Ma NanJing University of Information Science
and Technology, China
Isabel Cristina Maciel FCT from University Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
Natário
Sergio Maffioletti University of Zurich, Switzerland
Ernesto Marcheggiani Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
Antonino Marvuglia Research Centre Henri Tudor, Luxembourg
Nicola Masini National Research Council, Italy
Nirvana Meratnia University of Twente, The Netherlands
Alfredo Milani University of Perugia, Italy
Sanjay Misra Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
Giuseppe Modica University of Reggio Calabria, Italy
José Luis Montaña University of Cantabria, Spain
Jiri Nedoma Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,
Czech Republic
Laszlo Neumann University of Girona, Spain
Irene Oliveira University of Trás os Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Kok-Leong Ong Deakin University, Australia
Belen Palop Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
Marcin Paprzycki Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Eric Pardede La Trobe University, Australia
Kwangjin Park Wonkwang University, Korea
Telmo Pinto University of Minho, Portugal
Organization XV
Maurizio Pollino Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy

and Sustainable Economic Development, Italy
Alenka Poplin University of Hamburg, Germany
Vidyasagar Potdar Curtin University of Technology, Australia
David C. Prosperi Florida Atlantic University, USA
Maria Emilia F. Queiroz University of Minho, Portugal
Athayde
Jerzy Respondek Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Ana Maria A.C. Rocha University of Minho, Portugal
Maria Clara Rocha ESTES Coimbra, Portugal
Humberto Rocha INESC-Coimbra, Portugal
Alexey Rodionov Institute of Computational Mathematics and
Mathematical Geophysics, Russia
Jon Rokne University of Calgary, Canada
Octavio Roncero CSIC, Spain
Maytham Safar Kuwait University, Kuwait
Chiara Saracino A.O. Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda - Milano, Italy
Haiduke Sarafian The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Jie Shen University of Michigan, USA
Qi Shi Liverpool John Moores University, UK
Dale Shires U.S. Army Research Laboratory, USA
Takuo Suganuma Tohoku University, Japan
Sergio Tasso University of Perugia, Italy
Parimala Thulasiraman University of Manitoba, Canada
Giuseppe A. Trunfio University of Sassari, Italy
Unal Ufuktepe American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
Toshihiro Uchibayashi Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Mario Valle Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, Switzerland
Pablo Vanegas University of Cuenca, Equador
Piero Giorgio Verdini INFN Pisa and CERN, Italy
Marco Vizzari University of Perugia, Italy
Koichi Wada University of Tsukuba, Japan
Krzysztof Walkowiak Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Robert Weibel University of Zurich, Switzerland
Roland Wismüller Universität Siegen, Germany
Mudasser Wyne SOET National University, USA
Chung-Huang Yang National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan
Xin-She Yang National Physical Laboratory, UK
Salim Zabir France Telecom Japan Co., Japan
Haifeng Zhao University of California, Davis, USA
Kewen Zhao University of Qiongzhou, China
Albert Y. Zomaya University of Sydney, Australia
XVI Organization
Reviewers
Abawajy, Jemal Deakin University, Australia
Abuhelaleh, Mohammed Univeristy of Bridgeport, USA
Acharjee, Shukla Dibrugarh University, India
Andrianov, Sergei Universitetskii prospekt, Russia
Nikolaevich
Aguilar, José Alfonso Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mexico
Ahmed, Faisal University of Calgary, Canada
Alberti, Margarita University of Barcelona, Spain
Amato, Alba Seconda Universit degli Studi di Napoli, Italy
Amorim, Ana Paula University of Minho, Portugal
Apduhan, Bernady Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Aquilanti, Vincenzo University of Perugia, Italy
Asche, Hartmut Posdam University, Germany
Athayde Maria, Emlia University of Minho, Portugal
Feijão Queiroz
Attardi, Raffaele University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
Azam, Samiul United International University, Bangladesh
Azevedo, Ana Athabasca University, USA
Badard, Thierry Laval University, Canada
Baioletti, Marco University of Perugia, Italy
Bartoli, Daniele University of Perugia, Italy
Bentayeb, Fadila Université Lyon, France
Bilan, Zhu Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology,
Japan
Bimonte, Sandro IRSTEA, France
Blecic, Ivan Università di Cagliari, Italy
Bogdanov, Alexander Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Borruso, Giuseppe University of Trieste, Italy
Bostenaru, Maria “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism,
Romania
Braga Ana, Cristina University of Minho, Portugal
Canora, Filomena University of Basilicata, Italy
Cardoso, Rui Institute of Telecommunications, Portugal
Ceppi, Claudia Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Cerreta, Maria University Federico II of Naples, Italy
Choo, Hyunseung Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Coletti, Cecilia University of Chieti, Italy
Correia, Elisete University of Trás-Os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Correia Florbela Maria, da Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Cruz Domingues
Costa, Fernanda University of Minho, Portugal
Crasso, Marco National Scientific and Technical Research Council,
Argentina
Crawford, Broderick Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Chile
Organization XVII
Cuzzocrea, Alfredo University of Trieste, Italy

Cutini, Valerio University of Pisa, Italy
Danese, Maria IBAM, CNR, Italy
Decker, Hendrik Instituto Tecnológico de Informática, Spain
Degtyarev, Alexander Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Demartini, Gianluca University of Sheffield, UK
Di Leo, Margherita JRC, European Commission, Belgium
Dias, Joana University of Coimbra, Portugal
Dilo, Arta University of Twente, The Netherlands
Dorazio, Laurent ISIMA, France
Duarte, Júlio University of Minho, Portugal
El-Zawawy, Mohamed A. Cairo University, Egypt
Escalona, Maria-Jose University of Seville, Spain
Falcinelli, Stefano University of Perugia, Italy
Fernandes, Florbela Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gest ão de Bragança,
Portugal
Florence, Le Ber ENGEES, France
Freitas Adelaide, de Fátima University of Aveiro, Portugal
Baptista Valente
Frunzete, Madalin Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Romania
Gankevich, Ivan Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Garau, Chiara University of Cagliari, Italy
Garcia, Ernesto University of the Basque Country, Spain
Gavrilova, Marina University of Calgary, Canada
Gensel, Jerome IMAG, France
Gervasi, Osvaldo University of Perugia, Italy
Gizzi, Fabrizio National Research Council, Italy
Gorbachev, Yuriy Geolink Technologies, Russia
Grilli, Luca University of Perugia, Italy
Guerra, Eduardo National Institute for Space Research, Brazil
Hanzl, Malgorzata University of Lodz, Poland
Hegedus, Peter University of Szeged, Hungary
Herawan, Tutut University of Malaya, Malaysia
Hu, Ya-Han National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan
Ibrahim, Michael Cairo University, Egipt
Ifrim, Georgiana Insight, Ireland
Irrazábal, Emanuel Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Argentina
Janana, Loureio University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Jaiswal, Shruti Delhi Technological University, India
Johnson, Franklin Universidad de Playa Ancha, Chile
Karimipour, Farid Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Kapcak, Sinan American University of the Middle East in Kuwait,
Kuwait
Kiki Maulana, Adhinugraha Telkom University, Indonesia
Kim, Moonseong KIPO, South Korea
Kobusińska, Anna Poznan University of Technology, Poland
XVIII Organization
Korkhov, Vladimir Saint Petersburg State University, Russia

Koutsomitropoulos, University of Patras, Greece
Dimitrios A.
Krishna Kumar, Chaturvedi Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute
(IASRI), India
Kulabukhova, Nataliia Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
Kumar, Dileep SR Engineering College, India
Laganà, Antonio University of Perugia, Italy
Lai, Sen-Tarng Shih Chien University, Taiwan
Lanza, Viviana Lombardy Regional Institute for Research, Italy
Lasaponara, Rosa National Research Council, Italy
Lazzari, Maurizio National Research Council, Italy
Le Duc, Tai Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Le Duc, Thang Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Lee, KangWoo Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Leung, Clement United International College, Zhuhai, China
Libourel, Thérèse LIRMM, France
Lourenço, Vanda Marisa University Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
Machado, Jose University of Minho, Portugal
Magni, Riccardo Pragma Engineering srl, Italy
Mancini Francesco University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
Manfreda, Salvatore University of Basilicata, Italy
Manganelli, Benedetto Università degli studi della Basilicata, Italy
Marghany, Maged Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Marinho, Euler Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Martellozzo, Federico University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Italy
Marvuglia, Antonino Public Research Centre Henri Tudor, Luxembourg
Mateos, Cristian Universidad Nacional del Centro, Argentina
Matsatsinis, Nikolaos Technical University of Crete, Greece
Messina, Fabrizio University of Catania, Italy
Millham, Richard Durban University of Technoloy, South Africa
Milani, Alfredo University of Perugia, Italy
Misra, Sanjay Covenant University, Nigeria
Modica, Giuseppe Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy
Mohd Helmy, Abd Wahab Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia
Murgante, Beniamino University of Basilicata, Italy
Nagy, Csaba University of Szeged, Hungary
Napolitano, Maurizio Center for Information and Communication
Technology, Italy
Natário, Isabel Cristina University Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
Maciel
Navarrete Gutierrez, Tomas Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology,
Luxembourg
Nedjah, Nadia State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nguyen, Tien Dzung Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Niyogi, Rajdeep Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Organization XIX
Oliveira, Irene University of Trás-Os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal

Panetta, J.B. Tecnologia Geofísica Petróleo Brasileiro SA,
PETROBRAS, Brazil
Papa, Enrica University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Papathanasiou, Jason University of Macedonia, Greece
Pardede, Eric La Trobe University, Australia
Pascale, Stefania University of Basilicata, Italy
Paul, Padma Polash University of Calgary, Canada
Perchinunno, Paola University of Bari, Italy
Pereira, Oscar Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal
Pham, Quoc Trung HCMC University of Technology, Vietnam
Pinet, Francois IRSTEA, France
Pirani, Fernando University of Perugia, Italy
Pollino, Maurizio ENEA, Italy
Pusatli, Tolga Cankaya University, Turkey
Qaisar, Saad NURST, Pakistan
Qian, Junyan Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China
Raffaeta, Alessandra University of Venice, Italy
Ragni, Mirco Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Brazil
Rahman, Wasiur Technical University Darmstadt, Germany
Rampino, Sergio Scuola Normale di Pisa, Italy
Rahayu, Wenny La Trobe University, Australia
Ravat, Franck IRIT, France
Raza, Syed Muhammad Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Roccatello, Eduard 3DGIS, Italy
Rocha, Ana Maria University of Minho, Portugal
Rocha, Humberto University of Coimbra, Portugal
Rocha, Jorge University of Minho, Portugal
Rocha, Maria Clara ESTES Coimbra, Portugal
Romano, Bernardino University of l’Aquila, Italy
Sannicandro, Valentina Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Santiago Júnior, Valdivino Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Brazil
Sarafian, Haiduke Pennsylvania State University, USA
Schneider, Michel ISIMA, France
Selmaoui, Nazha University of New Caledonia, New Caledonia
Scerri, Simon University of Bonn, Germany
Shakhov, Vladimir Institute of Computational Mathematics
and Mathematical Geophysics, Russia
Shen, Jie University of Michigan, USA
Silva-Fortes, Carina ESTeSL-IPL, Portugal
Singh, Upasana University of Kwa Zulu-Natal, South Africa
Skarga-Bandurova, Inna Technological Institute of East Ukrainian National
University, Ukraine
Soares, Michel Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil
Souza, Eric Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
Stankova, Elena Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
XX Organization
Stalidis, George TEI of Thessaloniki, Greece

Taniar, David Monash University, Australia
Tasso, Sergio University of Perugia, Italy
Telmo, Pinto University of Minho, Portugal
Tengku, Adil La Trobe University, Australia
Thorat, Pankaj Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Tiago Garcia, de Senna Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil
Carneiro
Tilio, Lucia University of Basilicata, Italy
Torre, Carmelo Maria Polytechnic of Bari, Italy
Tripathi, Ashish MNNIT Allahabad, India
Tripp, Barba Carolina, Universidad Autnoma de Sinaloa, Mexico
Trunfio, Giuseppe A. University of Sassari, Italy
Upadhyay, Ashish Indian Institute of Public Health-Gandhinagar, India
Valuev, Ilya Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Varella, Evangelia Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Vasyunin, Dmitry University of Amsterdam, The Netherlans
Vijaykumar, Nandamudi INPE, Brazil
Villalba, Maite Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain
Walkowiak, Krzysztof Wroclav University of Technology, Poland
Wanderley, Fernando FCT/UNL, Portugal
Wei Hoo, Chong Motorola, USA
Xia, Feng Dalian University of Technology (DUT), China
Yamauchi, Toshihiro Okayama University, Japan
Yeoum, Sanggil Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
Yirsaw, Ayalew University of Botswana, Bostwana
Yujie, Liu Southeast Jiaotong University, China
Zafer, Agacik American University of the Middle East in Kuwait,
Kuwait
Zalyubovskiy, Vyacheslav Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Zeile, Peter Technische Universitat Kaiserslautern, Germany
Žemlička, Michal Charles University, Czech Republic
Zivkovic, Ljiljana Republic Agency for Spatial Planning, Belgrade
Zunino, Alejandro Universidad Nacional del Centro, Argentina
Organization XXI
Sponsoring Organizations
ICCSA 2016 would not have been possible without the tremendous support of many
organizations and institutions, for which all organizers and participants of ICCSA 2016
express their sincere gratitude:
Springer International Publishing AG, Switzerland

(http://www.springer.com)
NVidia Co., USA

(http://www.nvidia.com)
Beijing University of Post and Telecommunication, China

(http://english.bupt.edu.cn/)
State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, China
University of Perugia, Italy

(http://www.unipg.it)
XXII Organization
University of Basilicata, Italy

(http://www.unibas.it)
Monash University, Australia

(http://monash.edu)
Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan

(www.kyusan-u.ac.jp)
Universidade do Minho, Portugal

(http://www.uminho.pt)
Contents – Part IV
Information Systems and Technologies
Where the Streets Have Known Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Paulo Dias Almeida, Jorge Gustavo Rocha, Andrea Ballatore,
and Alexander Zipf
Functions and Perspectives of Public Real Estate in the Urban Policies:

The Sustainable Development Plan of Syracuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Laura Gabrielli, Salvatore Giuffrida, and Maria Rosa Trovato
Soil Loss, Productivity and Cropland Values GIS-Based Analysis and

Trends in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy) from 1980 to 2013 . . . . . . . 29
Antonella Dimotta, Mario Cozzi, Serverino Romano,
and Maurizio Lazzari
Fair Planning and Affordability Housing in Urban Policy.

The Case of Syracuse (Italy). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Grazia Napoli, Salvatore Giuffrida, and Maria Rosa Trovato
Cap Rate and the Historic City. Past and Future of the Real Estate
of Noto (Italy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Salvatore Giuffrida, Salvatore Di Mauro, and Alberto Valenti
Industrial Areas and the City. Equalization and Compensation

in a Value-Oriented Allocation Pattern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Salvatore Giuffrida, Grazia Napoli, and Maria Rosa Trovato
Environmental Noise Sensing Approach Based on Volunteered Geographic

Information and Spatio-Temporal Analysis with Machine Learning . . . . . . . . 95
Miguel Torres-Ruiz, Juan H. Juárez-Hipólito,
Miltiadis Demetrios Lytras, and Marco Moreno-Ibarra
A Knowledge-Based Approach for the Implementation of a SDSS

in the Partenio Regional Park (Italy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Maria Cerreta, Simona Panaro, and Giuliano Poli
Factors of Perceived Walkability: A Pilot Empirical Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Ivan Blečić, Dario Canu, Arnaldo Cecchini, Tanja Congiu,
and Giovanna Fancello
Evaluating the Effect of Urban Intersections on Walkability . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Ivan Blečić, Arnaldo Cecchini, Dario Canu, Andrea Cappai,
Tanja Congiu, and Giovanna Fancello
XXIV Contents – Part IV
Coupling Surveys with GPS Tracking to Explore Tourists’ Spatio-Temporal

Behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Ivan Blečić, Dario Canu, Arnaldo Cecchini, Tanja Congiu,
Giovanna Fancello, Stefania Mauro, Sara Levi Sacerdotti,
and Giuseppe A. Trunfio
Countryside vs City: A User-Centered Approach to Open Spatial Indicators

of Urban Sprawl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Alessandro Bonifazi, Valentina Sannicandro, Raffaele Attardi,
Gianluca Di Cugno, and Carmelo Maria Torre
Integrating Financial Analysis and Decision Theory for the Evaluation

of Alternative Reuse Scenarios of Historical Buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Carmelo M. Torre, Raffaele Attardi, and Valentina Sannicandro
Spatial Analysis for the Study of Environmental Settlement Patterns:

The Archaeological Sites of the Santa Cruz Province. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Maria Danese, Gisela Cassiodoro, Francisco Guichón, Rafael Goñi,
Nicola Masini, Gabriele Nolè, and Rosa Lasaponara
Self-renovation in Rome: Ex Ante, in Itinere and Ex Post Evaluation . . . . . . 204

Maria Rosaria Guarini
Enhancing an IaaS Ontology Clustering Scheme for Resiliency Support

in Hybrid Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Toshihiro Uchibayashi, Bernady Apduhan, Kazutoshi Niiho,
Takuo Suganuma, and Norio Shiratori
A Simple Stochastic Gradient Variational Bayes for Latent

Dirichlet Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Tomonari Masada and Atsuhiro Takasu
On Optimizing Partitioning Strategies for Faster Inverted

Index Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Xingshen Song, Kun Jiang, Yu Jiang, and Yuexiang Yang
The Analysis for Ripple-Effect of Ontology Evolution Based on Graph . . . . . 261

Qiuyao Lv, Yingping Zhang, and Jinguang Gu
Linearizability Proof of Stack Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

Jun-Yan Qian, Guo-Qing Yao, Guang-Xi Chen, and Ling-Zhong Zhao
Anonymous Mutual Authentication Scheme for Secure Inter-Device

Communication in Mobile Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Youngseok Chung, Seokjin Choi, and Dongho Won
Contents – Part IV XXV
Recommending Books for Children Based on the Collaborative

and Content-Based Filtering Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Yiu-Kai Ng
Ontology Evaluation Approaches: A Case Study from Agriculture Domain. . . . 318

Anusha Indika Walisadeera, Athula Ginige,
and Gihan Nilendra Wikramanayake
Effort Estimation for Program Modification in Object

Oriented Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Yashvardhan Sharma
Populational Algorithm for Influence Maximization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Carolina Ribeiro Xavier, Vinícius da Fonseca Vieira,
and Alexandre Gonçalves Evsukoff
Software Variability Composition and Abstraction in Robot

Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Davide Brugali and Mauro Valota
A Methodological Approach to Identify Type of Dependency

from User Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Anuja Soni and Vibha Gaur
Evolution of XSD Documents and Their Variability During Project

Life Cycle: A Preliminary Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Diego Benincasa Fernandes Cavalcanti de Almeida
and Eduardo Martins Guerra
Efficient, Scalable and Privacy Preserving Application Attestation

in a Multi Stakeholder Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Toqeer Ali, Jawad Ali, Tamleek Ali, Mohammad Nauman,
and Shahrulniza Musa
An Approach for Code Annotation Validation with Metadata Location

Transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
José Lázaro de Siqueira Jr., Fábio Fagundes Silveira,
and Eduardo Martins Guerra
Towards a Software Engineering Approach for Cloud and IoT Services

in Healthcare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Lisardo Prieto-Gonzalez, Gerrit Tamm, and Vladimir Stantchev
Smaller to Sharper: Efficient Web Service Composition and Verification

Using On-the-fly Model Checking and Logic-Based Clustering. . . . . . . . . . . 453
Khai Huynh, Tho Quan, and Thang Bui
XXVI Contents – Part IV
MindDomain: An Interoperability Tool to Generate Domain Models

Through Mind Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Alejo Ceballos, Fernando Wanderley, Eric Souza,
and Gilberto Cysneiros
Using Scrum Together with UML Models: A Collaborative

University-Industry R&D Software Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480
Nuno Santos, João M. Fernandes, M. Sameiro Carvalho, Pedro V. Silva,
Fábio A. Fernandes, Márcio P. Rebelo, Diogo Barbosa, Paulo Maia,
Marco Couto, and Ricardo J. Machado
Rockfall Hazard Assessment in an Area of the “Parco Archeologico

Storico-Naturale Delle Chiese Rupestri” of Matera (Basilicata
Southern–Italy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
Lucia Losasso, Stefania Pascale, and Francesco Sdao
Integrating Computing to STEM Curriculum via CodeBoard . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

Hongmei Chi, Clement Allen, and Edward Jones
Trusted Social Node: Evaluating the Effect of Trust and Trust Variance
to Maximize Social Influence in a Multilevel Social Node Influential
Diffusion Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
Hock-Yeow Yap and Tong-Ming Lim
Enhanced Metaheuristics with the Multilevel Paradigm for MAX-CSPs . . . . . 543

Noureddine Bouhmala, Mikkel Syse Groesland,
and Vetle Volden-Freberg
Processing of a New Task in Conditions of the Agile Management

with Using of Programmable Queues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554
P. Sosnin
Using CQA History to Improve Q&A Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570

Cleyton Souza, Franck Aragão, José Remígio, Evandro Costa,
and Joseana Fechine
The Use of Computer Technology as a Way to Increase Efficiency

of Teaching Physics and Other Natural Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581
E.N. Stankova, A.V. Barmasov, N.V. Dyachenko, M.N. Bukina,
A.M. Barmasova, and T.Yu. Yakovleva
A Nonlinear Multicriteria Model for Team Effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595

Isabel Dórdio Dimas, Humberto Rocha, Teresa Rebelo,
and Paulo Renato Lourenço
Assessment of the Code Refactoring Dataset Regarding the Maintainability

of Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610
István Kádár, Péter Hegedűs, Rudolf Ferenc, and Tibor Gyimóthy
Contents – Part IV XXVII
A Public Bug Database of GitHub Projects and Its Application

in Bug Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625
Zoltán Tóth, Péter Gyimesi, and Rudolf Ferenc
Towards an Intelligent System for Monitoring Health Complaints . . . . . . . . . 639

André Oliveira, Filipe Portela, Manuel Filipe Santos, and José Neves
Proposal to Reduce Natural Risks: Analytic Network Process to Evaluate

Efficiency of City Planning Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
Roberto De Lotto, Veronica Gazzola, Silvia Gossenberg,
Cecilia Morelli di Popolo, and Elisabetta Maria Venco
Data Processing for a Water Quality Detection System on Colombian

Rio Piedras Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665
Edwin Castillo, David Camilo Corrales, Emmanuel Lasso,
Agapito Ledezma, and Juan Carlos Corrales
Validation of Coffee Rust Warnings Based on Complex Event Processing . . . 684

Julián Eduardo Plazas, Juan Sebastián Rojas, David Camilo Corrales,
and Juan Carlos Corrales
Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701

Where the Streets Have Known Names
Paulo Dias Almeida1(B) , Jorge Gustavo Rocha1 ,

Andrea Ballatore2 , and Alexander Zipf3
1
Minho University, Braga, Portugal
{b6301,jgr}@di.uminho.pt
2
Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK
a.ballatore@bbk.ac.uk
3
Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
alexander.zipf@geog.uni-heidelberg.de
Abstract. Street names provide important insights into the local cul-
ture, history, and politics of places. Linked open data provide a wealth
of knowledge that can be associated with street names, enabling novel
ways to explore cultural geographies. This paper presents a three-fold
contribution. We present (1) a technique to establish a correspondence
between street names and the entities that they refer to. The method is
based on Wikidata, a knowledge base derived from Wikipedia. The accu-
racy of this mapping is evaluated on a sample of streets in Rome. As this
approach reaches limited coverage, we propose to tap local knowledge
with (2) a simple web platform. Users can select the best correspon-
dence from the calculated ones or add another entity not discovered by
the automated process. As a result, we design (3) an enriched Open-
StreetMap web map where each street name can be explored in terms of
the properties of its associated entity. Through several filters, this tool
is a first step towards the interactive exploration of toponymy, showing
how open data can reveal facets of the cultural texture that pervades
places.
Keywords: Digital humanities · Toponymy · OpenStreetMap ·

Wikidata · Linked open data · Volunteered geographic information
1 Introduction
All web maps show street names, supporting us in wayfinding. What is over-
looked is that, behind each street name, that there is a rich and complex story.
Street names are dedicated to notable people, places or events. They are fre-
quently used to honor notable citizens or celebrate events and revolutions. There-
fore, they often provide important insights into the culture, politics, and history
of a locale.
In this pilot project we aim at creating an interactive web application where
users can trace the stories behind street names, relying on OpenStreetMap1 and
1
http://www.openstreetmap.org.

c Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
O. Gervasi et al. (Eds.): ICCSA 2016, Part IV, LNCS 9789, pp. 1–12, 2016.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42089-9 1
2 P.D. Almeida et al.
other open data sources. As a first step, users can explore streets named after
individuals, filtering them by gender, date of birth, and profession. Wikipedia
is used as an information source. More specifically, we use Wikidata2 and
DBpedia3 , two knowledge bases designed to extract structured information from
Wikipedia, to link the street name with the corresponding resource described in
the knowledge bases. To show the potential of linked open data, the process will
be as automated as possible.
This paper describes the automatic mapping of street names with resources
from these knowledge bases and rank those resources according to their relevance.
The preliminary results, obtained on a sample of streets in Rome, show that there
are many missing relations. To increase the coverage, we propose a web tool to
that knowledge from human contributors.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. We start by presenting
related work in Sect. 2. We then elaborate on our approach in Sect. 3. Section 4
evaluates our automated solution, and the preliminary results are discussed in
Sect. 5. The design proposal for the web platform that expands and complements
the automated solution is presented in Sect. 6. Finally, we present our conclusions
in Sect. 7.
2 Related Work
To link street names to the relevant entities, we adopt concepts and techniques
from a variety of research areas, including toponymy, geographic information
science (GISc), and Semantic Web and Linked Open Data research.
2.1 Toponymy and Street Names

Toponymy is the study of place names (toponyms), with respect to their ori-
gins, meanings, use and typology. Place names provide an extremely useful geo-
graphical reference system in the world. Consistency and accuracy are essential
in referring to a place to prevent confusion in everyday activities. Toponymy
is crucial to establish officially recognized geographical names, and relies local
written and oral histories to study and record how place names evolve and why.
Many geographers, historians, and linguists have found that toponyms pro-
vide valuable insight into the historical geography of a particular region. They
play a symbolic role in the expression of local culture, being used many times to
promote values related to political and religious beliefs [7]. Unsurprisingly, place
names are then given an important role in territorial conflicts and landscape
transformation [9]. Place names are so important that, even outside of armed
conflicts, altering place names in official maps to reflect a different context and
culture is regarded as a possible act of cultural aggression [9]. Consequently,
place names represent an extremely important data source for analysing cul-
tural changes across different locations over time.
2
http://www.wikidata.org.
3
http://wiki.dbpedia.org.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
and the promise of rich spoils induced him to follow the preceding
party, in contradistinction to which his stout and lusty recruits were
dubbed the ‘strong-backs.’[965] Hearing that two other vessels had
been fitted out to follow the Pánuco expeditions, and were probably
now cruising along the coast, Cortés ordered a crew to be sent in
pursuit, with the sole desire, as he expressed it, to save them from
the fate which had so nearly overtaken Camargo. One was never
heard of, and the other, the largest, entered the port before the
searching vessel had left, it seems, bringing about one hundred and
twenty men and sixteen horses. Camargo was induced to
remonstrate with the captain against proceeding to Pánuco, since
the result could only be disastrous, the native lord having, beside,
tendered allegiance to Cortés in Montezuma’s time.[966] But the
captain would not listen to him. To the joy of Cortés, however, a
storm arose, which obliged this captain to slip his anchor and put to
sea; obliged him to take refuge in San Juan de Ulua harbor, where
he found his vessel so unsafe as to require her to be stranded,
whereupon the forces and armaments were landed.[967] Cortés at
once sent a sympathizing message, offering the captain every
assistance, but never for a moment intending to give him any. He
even tendered other vessels for his voyage—so he tells the emperor.
[968]But there is no doubt that the tender was illusive, and that he
did all in his power, with bribery, promises, and even force, to secure
the men and armament, and at the same time to weaken his rivals
by their loss. According to some accounts he caused their vessels to
be sunk to prevent departure,[969] an act which Oviedo declares a
fair war measure, particularly on the part of Cortés, who greatly
needed reinforcements. Men destined for so comparatively
unattractive a region as Pánuco must have been pleased by the
prospect of ready spoils and Mexican treasures soon to fall into their
hands under so able and successful a leader as Cortés. They were
therefore readily induced to join him, the captains alone, as in the
last instance, interposing objections for a while. These several
accessions amounted, according to the testimony of Cortés, to about
two hundred men and some twenty horses,[970] together with a large
quantity of small-arms, artillery, and ammunition. Thus again and
again was the shrewd and lucky Cortés aided by the very means
which his great enemies and rivals had sent to be used against him;
aided to reap the advantages they had planned and plotted to
secure. And all the while he was pitting the antagonisms of native
foes one against another, employing them also to assist him in
securing the grand prize. Greatness is but another name for good
fortune. Circumstances certainly did as much for Cortés in promoting
success as Spanish arms and superior civilization.
Civilization! What fools we are, pluming ourselves in its radiance,
the radiance of ghastly electrical lights, adopted instead of the
glorious sun of nature. For is not the unartificial nature, and nature
God, while artifice is rather of the devil? And yet we persist in
glorifying artifice and calling it deity. The human sacrifice of the
Aztecs was a horrible rite, but in the hands of the Spaniards is not
Christianity a bloody mistress? And does not European civilization
constantly demand the sacrifice of millions of lives, if not for the
propitiation of gods, then to avenge an insult, to preserve the
integrity of a nation, or to gratify the spleen of rulers? At hand even
now, coming to the assistance of the magnificent Cortés,
civilization’s pride and pet for the moment, is another ally of
civilization, more terrible than horses, blood-hounds, gunpowder, or
steel. At the time of Narvaez’ departure for Cuba, small-pox was
raging there so severely that it offered a reason for preventing the
governor from leaving with the expedition. A pioneer vessel of the
fleet sowed the malady at Cozumel, whence it entered the continent.
Before it spread far in this direction Cempoala was infected by a
negro slave of Narvaez.[971] The Spaniards knew little about its
treatment, and that little they sought to impart, not for their own
safety, since those that were left of them were considered almost
proof against the malady, but for the sake of the allies. Their advice
did not avail much, however, for the natives were too devoted to their
panacea, the hot and cold bath, which only intensified the evil. The
terrible force of the first attacks of epidemics and endemics is well
known, and it has been advocated with apparent truth that the
diseases of a strong people fall with particular force on weaker
races. After desolating the coast region for some time, the small-pox
crossed the plateau border during the summer, and in
September[972] it broke out round the lakes, on its way to the
western sea, smiting high and low, rich and poor. For sixty days,
according to native records, the hueyzahuatl, or great pest, raged
here with such virulence as to fix itself a central point in their
chronology. In most districts, says Motolinia, over half the population
died, leaving towns almost deserted, and in others the mortality was
appalling. Those who recovered presented an appearance that
made their neighbors flee from them, until they became accustomed
to the sight. Learning how contagious was the disease, and terrified
by the number of deaths, the inhabitants left the bodies to putrefy,
thus aiding to extend the pest. In some cases the authorities ordered
the houses to be pulled down over the dead, so as to check the
contagion. Not the least of the evil was a famine, which resulted from
a lack of harvesters.[973]
Among the first victims at the capital were King Totoquihuatzin,
of Tlacopan, and Cuitlahuatzin, the successor of Montezuma. The
latter had ruled barely three months,[974] but sufficiently long to
prove himself a most able leader of his people in their struggle for
liberty, for he was brave, full of devices, and energetic, yet prudent; a
man who, not content with securing the expulsion of invaders, had
sought to strengthen his position with alliances and by attracting the
subject provinces through gifts, remissions, and promises. If he did
not succeed so well as he had hoped, the fault must be ascribed to
the reputation of the previous government and to dereliction of duty
among his officers.
As a monarch he would not have fallen far short of the native
ideal, for as a general he had distinguished himself; and, the brother
of Montezuma, he had in his court imbibed the dignity and majestic
manner born of constant adulation from subservient nobles and
plebeians. Crafty and unscrupulous, he appears not to have
hesitated at crime and breach of faith to secure his aims for personal
and state advancement. The flourishing condition of his own
province indicated a not unwise administrator; and the beauty of
Iztapalapan, its magnificent palaces, and exquisite gardens filled
with choice plants from different regions, pointed to a ruler of
cultivated taste.
There is no doubt that Mexico lost in him one of the most
promising of sovereigns, and perhaps the only leader capable of
giving her a longer lease of freedom in face of the irresistible
onslaught of foreigners.[975] Thus bravely worked the small-pox for
Cortés and the superior civilization.
The strongest candidate for the Mexican throne was now the
high-priest Quauhtemotzin,[976] a young man of about twenty-
three[977] years, rather handsome, of fairer complexion than the
average of his race, grave and dignified, as befitted a prince, and
‘quite a gentleman for an Indian.’ He is said to have been the son of
Montezuma’s sister by Itzquauhtzin, lord of Tlatelulco, the twin town
or suburb of Mexico, who had been fellow-prisoner of the late
emperor, and sharer in his fate.[978] The brothers and descendants
of Montezuma had been pretty well removed by death, or through
the machinations of Cuitlahuatzin; but if nearer legitimate claimants
existed, Quauhtemotzin had eclipsed them all in experience,
influence, and fame, as a brave and able leader. As the chief
companion of his predecessor, and one who even before the
appearance of the latter had led the uprising against the Spaniards,
he had become identified as a true patriot, keeping himself at the
head of the dominant party which began and continued the struggle
for freedom. In order further to secure his influence he had taken to
wife the only legitimate daughter of Montezuma, Princess Tecuichpo,
or Isabel; and although the marriage was merely nominal, she being
but a child, yet the alliance served the intended aim.[979] The
Tepanecs at the same time elected as successor to their king, his
son Tetlepanquetzaltzin,[980] whose coronation took place at the
same time as that of Quauhtemotzin, hallowed by the blood of
captive enemies, including no doubt some Spaniards. Cohuanacoch
had meanwhile been chosen at Tezcuco in lieu of the disowned
protégé whom Cortés had foisted upon them. By this trio were taken
up the plans of Cuitlahuatzin for the deliverance of the country from
her invaders, and especially were their efforts directed toward
securing the loyalty of provinces and allies which had been stirred by
the alarming progress of Spanish arms in Tepeaca.
A loss to the Spaniards through the epidemic, which outweighed
many a gain, was the death of Maxixcatzin, to whose devoted
friendship they chiefly owed their escape from the recent crises;[981]
for he it was who took the lead in offering the Tlascaltec alliance and
in overthrowing the inimical plans of the younger Xicotencatl in favor
of the Aztecs. When the sad news came, Cortés felt as if he had lost
a father, says Bernal Diaz, and mourning robes were donned by
quite a number of the captains and men. In this they felt the more
justified, since the chief, on finding himself stricken by the dread
disease, had expressed a wish to become a Christian, and with the
name of Lorenzo had received baptism at the hands of Olmedo, who
joyfully hastened to Tlascala to perform so welcome a service for the
Spaniards’ champion. He died exhorting his family and friends to
obey Cortés and his brethren, the destined rulers of the land, and to
accept their god, who had given victory over the idols.[982] It was
fortunate that he did not die before Spanish prestige had been
reëstablished by the Tepeaca campaign; for his friendship sufficed to
confirm the allies in their adhesion, to gain for the Spaniards further
coöperation, and to obtain for them a firm footing in the country.
The allied forces had become so numerous by the time Itzucan
fell that they were absolutely unmanageable, and on returning from
this place to Tepeaca Cortés dismissed them with friendly words to
their homes, retaining only the tried Tlascaltecs, who had become
efficient in the European style of warfare under the Spanish
discipline and tactics.[983]
Before the Quauhquechollan expedition summoned him away,
Cortés had begun a report to the emperor on the condition of affairs.
On returning, he completed this his second and perhaps most
interesting letter, dated at Segura de la Frontera, or Tepeaca,
October 30, 1520, wherein are related the occurrences since the
despatch of the first letter in the middle of July, a year before. “I write
your Majesty,” it states, “although poorly told, the truth of all that has
happened in these parts, and that which your Majesty has most need
of knowing. With the aid of God the conquest is progressing in this
new country, which from its similarity to Spain, in fertility, extent,
temperature, and many other things, I have called La Nueva España
del Mar Océano.” Then he proceeds to humbly beg his majesty to
confirm this name. In a brief supplementary letter he asks the
emperor to send a person of confidence to investigate and prove the
truth of his statements.[984]
The council also wrote a letter to the emperor, speaking
hopefully of the conquest, which already “extended, over one
hundred and fifty leagues of the coast, from Rio Grande de Tabasco
to Rio de Pánuco,”[985] while the remainder of the interior was on the
sure way to reduction, under the able leadership of Cortés, whose
valor and energy they praised.
They prayed that he, the beloved of all the troops, might be
confirmed in the office of captain-general, as the only man whose
genius and experience could be relied on to carry out and maintain
the conquest. The natives being docile and ready to receive
conversion, friars should be sent to secure this harvest for the
church, and also to administer to the spiritual wants of the
Spaniards. Colonists were needed; also horses, and other live-stock
—the latter to be paid for at a future time—in order to secure the
country and develop its wealth.
With these letters went one from the army, which, recounting but
briefly the leading incidents of the campaigns, had for its main object
to decry Narvaez and Velazquez as the sole cause of all the
disasters that had occurred in the country, and to praise Cortés as a
noble, loyal, and able man, by whom alone the conquest could be
achieved.[986] These and other letters were intrusted to Alonso de
Mendoza, a townsman of Cortés, together with thirty thousand
pesos, in fifths and presents, and a number of commissions from
different members of the expedition. A well appointed vessel was
assigned for the voyage, and three other vessels were despatched
for Española, there to enlist recruits and to buy horses, arms and
ammunition, cattle, clothing, and other requirements, and four strong
vessels to maintain traffic with the Antilles. Letters were sent to
Licenciado Rodrigo de Figueroa and other royal officers on the
Island, inclosing duplicates of those forwarded to Spain; and a
number of specimens of the jewels, manufactures, and natural
resources of the country, were transmitted as presents and as
samples to allure recruits. The letters and the ample funds for the
enlistment and purchases were intrusted to Contador Ávila and
another officer,[987] with instructions to use every effort to confirm the
audiencia officials in their good opinion of Cortés, so that they might
plead his cause in Spain. The ill-treatment of Aillon by Velazquez
and Narvaez had already impelled them to do this, as we have seen.
Their advice was to be asked regarding the enslavement of rebels
and other measures, and their authority and aid sought for obtaining
men and stores.[988] Another vessel was sent under Solis[989] to
Jamaica to buy horses and war material. Bernal Diaz does not fail to
point out the evidence in the large remittance for Spain and the
Antilles of treasures secretly taken from Mexico by Cortés and his
clique, and accuses him of having appropriated also the share for
Villa Rica, claimed to have been captured by the Indians during its
transmission from Tlascala.[990]
No sooner were these preparations announced than Duero and
a number of others of the Narvaez party claimed a fulfilment of the
promise regarding their departure. The success of the Spanish arms
and the allurement of spoils had reconciled most of the lately
disaffected, so that those who now demanded to return were only a
few of the more wealthy. The services of these could be readily
dispensed with, now that such large reinforcements had been
received, and the display of their accumulations at home might
inspire fresh recruits. Therefore Cortés gave his consent, with
abundant promises that as soon as the conquest was fully
accomplished, gold and other rewards would flow on those who
supported his cause either in the Islands or in Spain. Leaders like
Duero and Bermudez were the chief recipients of such offers; and
offers alone they remained in most instances, for Cortés was not the
man to reward desertion. Duero and others evidently expected
nothing more, since they were soon after found arrayed on the side
of Velazquez. When some among the Cortés party raised objections
to this diminution of the force, they were quieted with the declaration
that the army was better rid of unwilling and inefficient soldiers,
whose presence served only to discourage others.[991]
The vessel for Spain and two of those for the Islands were
wrecked on the coast; and one consequence was that Mendoza’s
departure was delayed till the 5th of March. He took with him a
supplementary letter for the emperor, relating the progress so far
made for the recovery of Mexico. By this time Ordaz was, according
to Bernal Diaz, commissioned to join him and plead the cause of
Cortés before the emperor, and at the same time to receive the
reward for his many achievements, one of which was the ascent of
the volcano. Several of the Narvaez party appear to have left by the
same vessel.[992]
In course of the late campaign the advantages of the town of
Tepeaca for permanent occupation had become apparent, chiefly as
a point of observation for watching over the new conquest. It was
well situated for protecting the road to Villa Rica,[993] and for
communicating with Cholula and Tlascala, each capital eight or nine
leagues distant, and it lay in the midst of a fertile maize country,
which offered ample subsistence for a garrison. Although the
punishment at first inflicted, by sacking and enslaving, had been
severe, yet the treatment of the inhabitants became afterward so
considerate that they themselves prayed for a continuance of
Spanish protection.[994] Every circumstance, therefore, demanding a
settlement, it was decided in council to found a villa in this same
town, with the appropriate name of Segura de la Frontera, intended,
as it was, to secure the frontier against the Mexicans. Pedro de Ircio
was made alcalde, with Francisco de Orozco and others as
regidores.[995]
The campaign being practically concluded, a division was
ordered to be made of the spoils not hitherto distributed, including
slaves, which had now become a prominent feature thereof, and
were intended for personal and plantation service, as already
practised in the Antilles. The pretence was to enslave only the
inhabitants of districts concerned in the murder of Spaniards, but the
distinction was not very strictly observed, and rebellious tribes and
those addicted to cannibalism and other vicious practices were
included.[996] The Spaniards, as a rule, kept only the women and the
children, the men being transferred to the allies for their share,
“because they were difficult to watch,” says Bernal Diaz, “and
because their services were not needed while we had the
Tlascaltecs with us.”[997]
The soldiers were ordered to bring in all their captives, which
from the first had been branded for recognition with a ‘G,’ signifying
guerra, war.[998] When the day for distribution came, it was found
that the leaders and favored men had already secured their share by
appropriating the prettiest and choicest slaves. They had probably
been priced by the officials, and the leaders, being entitled to larger
shares, had secured the best articles. At this there was a
considerable uproar, increased by the outcry against the fifth set
apart for Cortés, after deducting the royal fifth.[999] How the matter
was settled is not clear, except that the general had recourse to the
soothing eloquence he knew so well how to apply, promising that for
the future he would conform to the general desire, which appeared to
be in favor of offering the slaves at auction, so as to arrive at their
proper value, and to give all members of the expedition an equal
chance in securing the more desirable.[1000]
One of the last expeditions fitted out at Segura was for the
reduction of the northern route to Villa Rica, by which the Spaniards
had first entered the plateau, and for the punishment of those
concerned in the murder of Alcántara and other Spaniards.[1001] It
set out in the beginning of December, under Sandoval, with two
hundred infantry, twenty horses, and the usual complement of allies,
and entered Xocotlan valley, which readily submitted, with the
exception of the main town, named Castilblanco during the first entry
into the country. The cacique, who had then already shown himself
unfriendly, rejected every proposition, with the threat that he would
make a feast on the commander and his followers, as he had on the
former party. There being no alternative, the cavalry charged the
large force which had taken up position near a ravine, on the
outskirts of the city, with a view to defend the entrance. Under cover
of the musketeers and archers, who from one side of the ravine did
considerable harm to the enemy, the charge succeeded, though four
riders and nine horses were wounded, one of the latter dying. The
enemy thrown into disorder fled to join the remaining garrison, which
occupied the temples on the plaza. With the aid of the infantry and
allies the stronghold speedily fell, and a number of prisoners were
secured.[1002]
Proceeding northward along the mountain border of the plateau
Sandoval added a considerable extent of country to his conquest,
meeting serious opposition only at Jalancingo, where the Aztec
garrison, ever since the beginning of the Tepeaca campaign, had
been employed in fortifying the place, and either considered
themselves secure or feared that a surrender would procure no
better terms, for them, at least. They were disconcerted by being
attacked on different sides, under native guidance, and after a brief
resistance took to flight, during which a number of them were
captured, the Spaniards losing three horses, and having eight men
severely injured, Sandoval receiving an arrow wound. In a temple
were found relics of slaughtered Spaniards, in the shape of dresses,
arms, and saddles.[1003] A few days later the expedition set out to
rejoin the army, with a large amount of spoils and a train of captives.
The chiefs were pardoned by Cortés, with politic regard for the
future, and enjoined to furnish their quota of supplies at Segura.[1004]
The head-quarters had meanwhile been removed to Tlascala,
preparatory to a march on Mexico, and Segura was now in charge of
the alcalde, Pedro de Ircio, lately lieutenant of Sandoval at Villa Rica,
assisted by the regidor, Francisco de Orozco, and sixty men,
including the invalids and the disabled.[1005] Cortés had left it in the
middle of December,[1006] taking with the cavalry the route through
Cholula,[1007] to settle the question of succession to a number of
cacique offices vacated during the epidemic. These appeals were
made to him not only as the representative of the Spanish monarch
to whom the people had sworn obedience, but as an
acknowledgment of his influence over the native mind. His treatment
of the conquered and his equitable decisions of disputes had made
him the umpire and king-maker whom not only allies, but half-
reconciled tribes were willing to heed, in private and public affairs.
Having made the appointments, and formed favorable arrangements
for himself, he rejoined the army. The march to Tlascala was one
befitting the return of conquering heroes. Triumphal arches covered
the roads, and processions came to chant the praises of the victors,
and recount the successes achieved by the Tlascaltec allies, as
shown by spoils and banners from different provinces and cities, and
by long files of captives. On nearing the republican capital the whole
population came forth to join in the ovation, and at the plaza an
orator stepped forward to greet Cortés in a glowing panegyric,
wherein he reviewed his progress as conqueror and avenger. In
reply Cortés alluded feelingly to the brotherhood between the two
races, now cemented by blood and victories, and to the common
loss sustained in the death of the wise and noble Maxixcatzin. These
words, added to the evidence of sorrow in the mourning array of their
dress and arms, left a most favorable impression on the minds of the
brave allies.
He was again called as representative of his king to appoint as
successor to Maxixcatzin his eldest legitimate son, a boy of twelve
years, against whom a claimant had arisen.[1008] This done, Cortés
dubbed him a knight, according to Castilian usage, in recognition of
the services of his father, causing him also to be baptized, with the
name of Juan, Maxixcatzin becoming the family name.[1009] Taking
advantage of the occasion and of his own popularity, the general
sought to inspire a more general feeling in favor of his religion, but
the effort met with little encouragement, and he wisely refrained from
pressing so dangerous a subject. According to Bernal Diaz, the elder
Xicotencatl was among the limited number of saved souls, and
received the name of Vicente.[1010] The native records, as given by
Camargo and Torquemada, and adopted by most writers, assume
that the four chiefs were all baptized at this time, if not earlier; but
they are neither clear nor consistent, and are evidently impelled by a
desire to redeem the native leaders from the charge of idolatry.
Cortés, Herrera, Diaz, and other chroniclers would not have failed to
record so large and prominent a conquest for the church, particularly
since the two latter do mention the exceptional converts.[1011] Cortés
also refers to a conversion in the person of Tecocoltzin, a younger
brother of King Cacama, and the future head of Tezcuco, who is
named Fernando; but he does so in a manner which indicates that
the conversion was exceptional.[1012] His baptism took place
probably on the same day as that of young Maxixcatzin and old
Xicotencatl, the occasion being celebrated with banquets and
dances, with illumination, sports, and exchange of presents, the
Spaniards adding horse-races and other interesting proceedings for
the gratification of the natives.
FOOTNOTES
[959] ‘Con este ... vino vn Francisco Lopez, vezino, y Regidor que fue de
Guatimala.’ Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 113. Vetancurt assumes that Pedro del
Castillo—Diaz calls him ‘el Almirante Pedro Cauallero’—secured Barba and his
vessel. Teatro Mex., pt. iii. 148; Cortés, Residencia, ii. 165.
[960] ‘El capitã Diego de Camargo,’ says Herrera; but Bernal Diaz explains that
this man stepped into the captaincy on the murder of ‘fulano Alvarez Pinedo,’ at
Pánuco. ‘Dixeron, que el Capitan Camargo auia sido Fraile Dominico, e que auia
hecho profession.’ Hist. Verdad., 114.
[961] Seven leagues up, says Herrera.
[962] ‘Muerto diez y siete ó diez y ocho cristianos, y herido otros muchos.
Asimismo ... muerto siete caballos.’ Cortés, Cartas, 144. Bernal Diaz assumes
that the whole attacking force was killed and some vessels destroyed. ‘Dexaron
vna carauela,’ says Herrera.
[963] Herrera states that hunger caused the land expedition to abandon the
vessels some twenty leagues above Almería. The people from the wrecked
caravel were taken on board the last vessel. dec. ii. lib. x. cap. xviii. Cortés leaves
the impression that both vessels arrived at Villa Rica, perhaps because the one
was wrecked so near it. ‘Vn nauio ... y traia sobre sesenta soldados.’ Bernal Diaz,
Hist. Verdad., 114. This may include the land party, but not the sailors.
[964] ‘Con hasta treinta hombres de mar y tierra.’ Cortés, Cartas, 154. ‘Sus
soldados, que eran mas de cincuenta, y mas siete cauallos,’ says Bernal Diaz,
Hist. Verdad., 114; and, since Cortés would be less apt to indicate large
accessions, he may be correct.
[965] ‘Este fue el mejor socorro.... Diaz de Auz sirvió muy bien a su Magestad en
todo lo que se ofreciò en las guerras, ... traxo pleyto despues, sobre el pleyto de
la mitad de Mestitan, ... conque le den la parte de lo que rentare el pueblo mas de
dos mil y quinientos pesos.’ Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 114-15. He was excluded
from the town itself, owing to cruel treatment of Indians.
[966] ‘El señor de aquel rio y tierra, que se dice Pánuco, se habia dado por vasallo
de V. M., en cuyo reconocimiento me habia enviado á la ciudad de Tenuxtitan, con
sus mensajeros, ciertas cosas.’ Cortés, Cartas, 144-5. But this is probably a mere
assertion, since the Spanish expeditions had never been higher than Almería, and
the cacique could have had no inducement for submitting.
[967] Bernal Diaz refers to the last accession from Garay’s expeditions as 40
soldiers and 10 horses, under an old man named Ramirez. Protected by heavy
cotton armor they were nicknamed the ‘albardillas.’ Hist. Verdad., 115.
[968] ‘Si todos ó algunos dellos se quisiesen volver en los navíos que allí estaban,
que les diese licencia.’ Cortés, Cartas, 163.
[969] Oviedo, iii. 335; and so Herrera also intimates in reference to Camargo’s
only remaining vessel, ‘la qual se anegò tãbien dẽtro de 10. dias en el puerto.’
dec. ii. lib. x. cap. xviii.
[970] The last two vessels bring 150 men and 16 horses, probably over 20, to
which must be added Camargo’s force, amounting no doubt to 50 effective men,
for Bernal Diaz admits 60 soldiers, not counting sailors; and Herrera intimates that
over 100 men must have reached Villa Rica of the total force on board Camargo’s
three vessels. Bernal Diaz’ estimates for the five vessels which he enumerates
exceed 170 soldiers and 20 horses; on fol. 115 he contradicts several points,
including the total, to which the sailors may be added, while a small reduction is to
be made for deaths among Camargo’s men. Vetancurt follows Bernal Diaz, and so
does Prescott, who assumes that full 150 men and 20 horses must have been
obtained. Mex., ii. 438. Robertson raises this nearer to the truth by saying 180
men, Hist. Am., ii. 104, as does Brasseur de Bourbourg, who nevertheless, on an
earlier page, adds Sahagun’s fanciful reinforcement of 300 men. Hist. Nat. Civ., iv.
371, 387. While the Spaniards were curing themselves, ‘llegó á Tlaxcala un
Francisco Hernandez, español, con 300 soldados castellanos y con muchos
caballos y armas.’ Sahagun, Hist. Conq., i. 37. The later edition does not give the
number. Gomara merely states that numerous small parties came over from the
Antilles, attracted by Cortés’ fame, through Aillon’s reports, he seems to say. Many
of them were murdered on the way, but sufficient numbers reached him to restore
the army and encourage the prosecution of the conquest. Hist. Mex., 173.
[971] Said to have been named Francisco Eguia. Sahagun, Hist. Conq., i. 39, 66,
and Chimalpain, Hist. Conq., i. 278. Herrera writes that many assumed the malady
to have been one of the periodical scourges that used to fall on the country. ‘Y el
no auer tocado a los Castellanos, parece que trae aparencia de razon.’ dec. ii. lib.
x. cap. iv. But it appears to have been wholly a new disease to the natives.
[972] ‘En el mes que llamaban Tepeilhuitl que es al fin de setiembre,’ as Sahagun
assumes. Hist. Conq., i. 39.
[973] Motolinia, Hist. Ind., in Icazbalceta, Col. Doc., i. 14-15; Sahagun, Hist.
Conq., i. 39, 66; Mendieta, Hist. Ecles., 514; Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 101; Id.
(Paris ed. 1837), iv. 460 (a chapter omitted in the original); Gomara, Hist. Mex.,
148; Chimalpain, Hist. Conq., i. 279; Torquemada, i. 489; Tezcoco en los ultimos
tiempos, 273.
[974] ‘Vivió despues de su elecçion solos sessenta dias.’ Cano, in Oviedo, iii. 549.
The election having taken place twenty days after Montezuma’s death, according
to Ixtlilxochitl, who assumes that he ruled only 40 or 47 days. Hist. Chich., 304; Id.,
Relaciones, 413. Others extend the rule to 80 days, both as leader and king,
perhaps, which would agree with Cano’s version.
[975] Such characteristics may be seen in Spanish as well as native records; yet
Solis writes, ‘su tibieza y falta de aplicacion dexáse poco menos que borrada
entre los suyos la memoria de su nombre.’ Hist. Mex., 372. Sufficient proof of his
energy is found in the siege resulting in the expulsion from Mexico.
[976] The native authorities incline to Quauhtemoc, but the Spanish generally add
the ‘tzin,’ the ‘c’ being elided, and the ‘Q’ changed to ‘G,’ making the name
Guatemotzin. ‘Quauhtemoc, que significa Aguila que baja.’ Vetancvrt, Teatro Mex.,
pt. iii. 51.
[977] Bernal Diaz describes him about a year later as 23 or 24 years old, while on
another occasion he alludes to him as 25. Hist. Verdad., 112, 155. Ixtlilxochitl
makes him 18. Hist. Chich., 304.
[978] ‘Por muerte de su Padre gobernaba el Tlatelulco.’ Duran, Hist. Ind., MS., ii.
479. ‘Sobrino de Monteçuma, que era papa ó saçerdote mayor entre los indios.’
Cano, in Oviedo, iii. 549; Peter Martyr, dec. v. cap. vi. ‘Cuauhtemotctzin hijo del
rey Ahuitzotzin y de la heredera de el Tlatelulco.’ Ixtlilxochitl, Relaciones, 413.
This incorrect view is adopted by Brasseur de Bourbourg and many others.
[979] ‘Moglie già del suo Zio Cuitlahuatzin,’ is the supposition of Clavigero, Storia
Mess., iii. 160. ‘Se hizo temer de tal manera, que todos los suyos temblauan dél.’
Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 112. For fanciful portraits of these last two emperors,
see Frost’s Pict. Hist. Mex., 104, 114.
[980] Ixtlilxochitl, loc. cit.; Torquemada, i. 570.
[981] ‘Al que solo fue causa q̄ los Christianos se conseruassen en aquella tierra.’
Herrera, dec. ii. lib. x. cap. xix.
[982] Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 118; Herrera, ubi sup.
[983] During the absence of the troops, says Herrera, a part of the Tepeacans had
formed a plot to surprise them when divided; but some women informed Marina in
time to prevent trouble. Cortés inflicted on them severe chastisement. dec. ii. lib. x.
cap. xvi. xviii.
[984] The reports and other papers by Cortés, written during a period of nearly
three decades in connection with New Spain, are both numerous and lengthy, but
only the five letters relating to the actual conquest of Mexico and Central America
have achieved bibliographic celebrity, under the title of Cortés’ Letters or
Relations. Although the first letter has been lost, and the companion letter long
missing, yet an allusion to the expedition against Mexico appeared as early as
1520 in Ein auszug ettlicher sendbrieff dem aller durchleüchtigisten
grossmechtigistẽ Fürsten ... von wegen einer new gefundẽ Inseln. Nürmberg
durch Fryderichen Peypus am. 17. tag Marcij MDXX., wherein the voyages of
Córdoba and Grijalva are also described. Harrisse, Bib. Am. Vet., 179, assumes
that the information is taken from Peter Martyr’s Decades. A later brief reference
to the city of Mexico itself is given in Translationuss hispanischer sprach zü
Frantzösisch gemacht so durch dẽ Vice Rey in Neapole fraw Margareten
Hertzogiñ iñ Burgundi zü geschrieben, published in 1522. On folio A. iii. is written:
Not far from the same island they have conquered a city called Tenustitan,
wherein 60,000 hearths have been counted, within a good wall. The letter of the
ayuntamiento was first published in Col. Doc. Inéd., i., 1842.
By the time of the receipt in Spain of Cortés’ second letter, of October 30,
1520, the general and his conquest had become so famous that his
communications were not likely to be lost sight of. The incidents treated of were
besides highly enticing, particularly the victories in Tlascala, the entry into
Montezuma’s wonderful island city, the disastrous expulsion, and the renewal of
the campaign, and Cromberger had it printed in 1522 under the title of Carta de
relaciõ ẽbiada a su. S. majestad del ẽpador nt̃o señor por el capitã general dela
nueua spaña: llamado fernãdo cortes, etc. Seuilla: por Jacobo crõberger aleman.
A viii. dias de Nouiẽbre. Año de M. d. y xxij. ‘Fué las Primicias de el Arte de la
Imprenta en Sevilla, y acaso de toda España,’ observes Lorenzana, in Cortes,
Hist. N. España, 171, but this is a great mistake, for printing had been done
already for several decades in Spain. An Italian abstract of the letter appeared
immediately after, as Noue de le Isole & Terra ferma Nouamente trouate In India
per el Capitaneo de larmata de la Cesarea Maiestate. Mediolani decimosexto
calẽ. Decembris M.D.XXII. A reprint of the Seville text was issued at Saragossa in
January, 1523. A later abridged account of the conquest is given in Ein schöne
Newe zeytung so Kayserlich Mayestet auss India yetz newlich zükommen seind,
ascribed to Sigmund Grimm of Augsburg, about 1522. Bibliotheca Grenvilliana
and Harrisse. Ternaux-Compans wrongly supposes the narrative to extend only to
1519, instead of 1522, and assumes the imprint to be Augsburg, 1520. Bibl.
Amér., 5. Perhaps 1523 is the more correct date, which may also be ascribed to
Tres sacree Imperiale et catholique mageste ... eust nouuelles des marches ysles
et terre ferme occeanes. Colophon, fol. 16. Depuis sont venues a sa mageste
nouuelles de certaīes ysles trouuez par les espagnolz plaines despecerie et
beaucoup de mines dor, lesquelles nouuelles il receupt en ceste ville de vailladolid
le primier doctobre xv. cent. xxij. This is a book noticed by no bibliographer except
Sabin, who believes that it contains only the second letter, although the holder
supposes the third letter to be also used. In 1524 appeared the first Latin version
of the second letter, by Savorgnanus, Praeclara Ferdinãdi Cortesii de Noua maris
Oceani Hyspania Narratio, Norimberga. M.D.XXIIII., which contains a copy of the
now lost map of the Gulf of Mexico, and also a plan of Mexico City. In the same
year two Italian translations of this version, by Liburnius, La Preclara Narratione,
were printed at Venice, one by Lexona, the other by Sabio, yet both at the
instance of Pederzani. The plan and map are often missing. Antonio, Bib. Hisp.
Nova, iii. 375, mentions only Lexona’s issue. A translation from Flavigny appeared
in the Portfolio, Philadelphia, 1817. The originals of the second and other letters
were, in the early part of the eighteenth century, ‘en la Libreria de Don Miguel
Nuñez de Rojas, del Consejo Real de las Ordenes,’ says Pinelo, Epitome, ii. 597.
Much of the vagueness which involves the narrative of events previous to the flight
from Mexico may be due to the loss of diary and documents during that episode.
The loss was convenient to Cortés, since it afforded an excuse for glossing over
many irregularities and misfortunes.
The third letter, dated Coyuhuacan, May 15, 1522, and relating the siege and
fall of Mexico, was first published at Seville, on Cromberger’s press, March 30,
1523, as Carta tercera de relaciõ: embiada por Fernãdo cortes capitan y justicia
mayor del yucatan llamado la nueua espana del mar oceano. It received a
reproduction in Latin by the same hand and at the same time as the second letter.
Both were reprinted, together with some missionary letters and Peter Martyr’s De
Insulis, in De Insvlis nuper Inventis Ferdinandi Cortesii. Coloniæ, M.D.XXXII. The
title-page displays a portrait of Charles V., and is bordered with his arms. Martyr’s
part, which tells rather briefly of Cortés, found frequent reprint, while the second
and third letters were republished, with other matter, in the Spanish Thesoro de
virtudes, 1543; in the German Ferdinandi Cortesii. Von dem Newen Hispanien.
Augspurg, 1550, wherein they are called first and second narratives, and divided
into chapters, with considerable liberty; in the Latin Novus Orbis of 1555 and 1616;
and in the Flemish Nieuwe Weerelt of 1563; while a French abridgment appeared
at Paris in 1532. The secret epistle accompanying the third letter was first printed
in Col. Doc. Inéd., i., and afterward by Kingsborough and Gayangos.
The fourth letter, on the progress of conquest after the fall of Mexico, dated at
Temixtitan (Mexico), October 15, 1524, was issued at Toledo, 1525, as La quarta
relacion, together with Alvarado’s and Godoy’s reports to Cortés. A second edition
followed at Valencia the year after. The secret letter accompanying it was not
published till 1865, when Icazbalceta, the well known Mexican collector,
reproduced it in separate black-letter form, and in his Col. Doc., i. 470-83.
The substance of the above three relations has been given in a vast number
of collections and histories, while in only a limited number have they been
reproduced in a full or abridged form, the first reproduction being in the third
volume of Ramusio Viaggi, of 1556, 1565, and 1606, which contains several other
pieces on the conquest, all supplied with appropriate headings and marginals.
Barcia next published them direct from the manuscript, in the Historiadores
Primitivos, i. This collection bears the imprint Madrid, 1749, but the letters had
already been printed in 1731, as Pinelo affirms, Epitome, ii. 597. Barcia died a few
years before his set was issued. From this source Archbishop Lorenzana took the
version published by him under the title of Historia de Nueva-España, Mexico,
1770, which is not free from omissions and faults, though provided with valuable
notes on localities and customs, and supplemented with illustrated pieces on
routes and native institutions, a map of New Spain by Alzate, an article on the
Gobierno Politico by Vetancurt, a copy of a native tribute-roll from picture records,
not very accurately explained, and the first map of Lower California and adjoining
coast, by Castillo, in 1541. This version of the letters was reproduced in New York,
1828, with a not wholly successful attempt by Del Mar to introduce modern
spelling. The work is also marked by a number of omissions and blunders, and the
introductory biographic sketch by Robert Sands adds little to its value. An
abridgment from Lorenzana appeared as Correspondance de Fernand Cortés, par
le Vicomte de Flavigny, Paris, 1778, which obtained three reprints during the
following year at different places. A great many liberties are taken with facts, as
may be imagined; and the letters are, beside, misnamed first, second, and third.
From the same source, or perhaps from Flavigny, of whom they savor, are Briefe
des Ferdinand Cortes, Heidelberg, 1779, with several reproductions, and with
notes; and the corrected Brieven van Ferdinand Cortes, Amsterdam, 1780-1. The
first edition in English, from Lorenzana, was issued by Folsom, as Despatches of
Hernando Cortes, New York, 1843, also with notes.
The fifth letter of the conqueror, on the famous expedition to Honduras, dated
at Temixtitan, September 3, 1526, lay hidden in the Vienna Imperial Library till
Robertson’s search for the first letter brought it to light. Hist. Am., i. xi. He made
use of it, but the first complete copy was not published till of late, in Col. Doc.
Inéd., iv. 8-167, reprinted at New York, 1848, and, in translation, in the Hakluyt
Society collection, London, 1868. It bore no date, but the copy found at Madrid has
that of September 3, 1526, and the companion letter printed in Col. Doc. Inéd., i.
14-23, that of September 11th. This, as well as the preceding letters, was issued
by Vedia, in Ribadeneyra’s Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, xxii.; the first three
letters being taken from Barcia, and the fifth from its MS. The letter of the
ayuntamiento is given and a bibliographic notice of little value. A very similar
collection is to be found in the Biblioteca Historica de la Iberia, i. But the most
complete reproduction of the principal writings by Cortés, and connected with him,
is in the Cartas y Relaciones de Hernan Cortés, Paris, 1866, by Gayangos, which
contains 26 pieces, beside the relations, chiefly letters and memorials to the
sovereign, a third of which are here printed for the first time. Although a few of
Lorenzana’s blunders find correction, others are committed, and the notes of the
archbishop are adopted without credit, and without the necessary amendment of
date, etc., which often makes them absurd. The earliest combined production of
Cortés’ relations, and many of his other writings, may be credited to Peter Martyr,
who in his Decades gave the substance of all that they relate, although he also
mingled other versions. Oviedo, in the third volume of his Hist. Gen., gives two
versions of the conquest, the first, p. 258 et seq., almost a reproduction of Cortés’
letters, and the other, p. 506 et seq., from different sources.
Beside the relations, there are a number of miscellaneous letters, petitions,
orders, instructions, and regulations, by Cortés, largely published in Navarrete,
Col. de Viages; Col. Doc. Inéd.; Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc.; Icazbalceta,
Col. Doc.; Kingsborough’s Mex. Antiq.; Alaman, Disert., and as appendices to
histories of Mexico. A special collection is the Escritos Sueltos de Hernan Cortés,
Mex., 1871, forming vol. xii. of the Bib. Hist. de la Iberia, which presents 43
miscellaneous documents from various printed sources, instructions, memorials,
and brief letters, nearly all of which are filled with complaints against ruling men in
Mexico.
Cortés’ letters have not inaptly been compared by Prescott to the
Commentaries of Cæsar, for both men were military commanders of the highest
order, who spoke and wrote like soldiers; but their relative positions with regard to
the superior authorities of their states were different, and so were their race
feelings, and their times, and these features are stamped upon their writings.
Cortés was not the powerful consul, the commander of legions, but the leader of a
horde of adventurers, and an aspirant for favor, who made his narrative an
advocate. The simplicity and energy of the style lend an air of truth to the
statements, and Helps, among others, is so impressed thereby as to declare that
Cortés ‘would as soon have thought of committing a small theft as of uttering a
falsehood in a despatch addressed to his sovereign.’ Cortés, ii. 211. But it requires
little study of the reports to discover that they are full of calculated misstatements,
both direct and negative, made whenever he considered it best for his interest to
conceal disagreeable and discreditable facts, or to magnify the danger and the
deed. They are also stamped with the religious zeal and superstition of the age,
the naïve expressions of reliance on God being even more frequent than the
measured declarations of devotedness to the king; while in between are calmly
related the most cold-blooded outrages on behalf of both. There is no apparent
effort to attract attention to himself; there is even at times displayed a modesty
most refreshing in the narrative of his own achievements, by which writers have as
a rule been quite entranced; but this savors of calculation, for the general tone is
in support of the ego, and this often to the exclusion of deserving officers. Indeed,
generous allusions to the character or deeds of others are not frequent, or they
are merged in the non-committing term of ‘one of my captains.’ Pedro de Alvarado
complains of this in one of his Relaciones, in Barcia, Hist. Prim., i. 165-6. In truth,
the calculating egotism of the diplomate mingles freely with the frankness of the
soldier. Cortés, however, is ever mindful of his character as an hidalgo, for he
never stoops to meanness, and even in speaking of his enemies he does not
resort to the invectives or sharp insinuations which they so freely scatter. His style
bears evidence of training in rhetoric and Latin, yet the parade of the latter is not
so frequent as might be expected from the half-bred student and zealot. Equally

PDF Computational Science and Its Applications Iccsa 2016 16Th International Conference Beijing China July 4 7 2016 Proceedings Part Iv 1St Edition Osvaldo Gervasi Ebook Full Chapter

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PDF Computational Science and Its Applications Iccsa 2016 16Th International Conference Beijing China July 4 7 2016 Proceedings Part Iv 1St Edition Osvaldo Gervasi Ebook Full Chapter

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Computational Science and Its

Applications ICCSA 2016 16th

Computational Science and Its Applications ICCSA 2020

Computational Science and Its Applications ICCSA 2020

Computational Science and Its Applications ICCSA 2018

Computational Science and Its Applications ICCSA 2018

Blended Learning Aligning Theory with Practices 9th

Advances in Image and Graphics Technologies 11th

Information Security and Cryptology: 12th International

Computational Logistics 7th International Conference

and Its Applications –

Sanjay Misra Ana Maria A.C. Rocha

Carmelo M. Torre David Taniar

Bernady O. Apduhan Elena Stankova

Shangguang Wang (Eds.)

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016944355

LNCS Sublibrary: SL1 – Theoretical Computer Science and General Issues

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016

Printed on acid-free paper

This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature

July 2016 Shangguang Wang

ICCSA 2016 was organized by Beijing University of Post and Telecommunication

Honorary General Chairs

Program Committee Chairs

International Advisory Committee

International Liaison Chairs

Robert C.H. Hsu Chung Hua University, Taiwan

Workshop and Session Organizing Chairs

Publicity Committee Chair

Advances in Information Systems and Technologies for Emergency Preparedness

Advances in Web-Based Learning (AWBL 2016)

Bio- and Neuro-Inspired Computing and Applications (BIOCA 2016)

Computer-Aided Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis (CAMSA 2016)

Computational and Applied Statistics (CAS 2016)

Computational Geometry and Security Applications (CGSA 2016)

Computational Algorithms and Sustainable Assessment (CLASS 2016)

Chemistry and Materials Sciences and Technologies (CMST 2016)

Computational Optimization and Applications (COA 2016)

Cities, Technologies, and Planning (CTP 2016)

Databases and Computerized Information Retrieval Systems (DCIRS 2016)

Data Science for Intelligent Decision Support (DS4IDS 2016)

Econometrics and Multidimensional Evaluation in the Urban Environment

Future Computing Systems, Technologies, and Applications (FISTA 2016)

Geographical Analysis, Urban Modeling, Spatial Statistics

GPU Technologies (GPUTech 2016)

7th International Symposium on Software Quality (ISSQ 2016)

International Workshop on Biomathematics, Bioinformatics, and Biostatisticss

Land Use Monitoring for Soil Consumption Reduction (LUMS 2016)

Mobile Communications (MC 2016)

Mobile Computing, Sensing, and Actuation for Cyber Physical Systems

Quantum Mechanics: Computational Strategies and Applications

Remote Sensing for Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Management,

Scientiﬁc Computing Infrastructure (SCI 2016)

Software Engineering Processes and Applications (SEPA 2016)

Social Networks Research and Applications (SNRA 2016)

Sustainability Performance Assessment: Models, Approaches, and Applications

Tools and Techniques in Software Development Processes (TTSDP 2016)

Volunteered Geographic Information: From Open Street Map

Virtual Reality and Its Applications (VRA 2016)

Web-Based Collective Evolutionary Systems: Models, Measures,

José A. Cardoso e Cunha Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal

Qun Jin Waseda University, Japan