LUKHDHIRJI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MORBI
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, AHMEDABAD
Project Report
On

“HYBRID HUB”
Submitted By :-
Sr.No. Name Of Student Enrollment No.
1 Chavda Sudhir M. 230313119003
2 Joshi Shrey K. 230313119006
3 Modi Harsh G. 230313119010
4 Tank Dhaval K. 230313119014

Under The Guidance

Of
Prof. H. N. Jani
For The Subject
D.E.1B (3140005)

Semester – IV
Of
Mechanical Engineering
In
Bachelor Of Engineering (B.E.)

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 CERTIFICATE

This Is To Certify That The Project Is "Hybrid Hub", This Project Is Submitted By
Chavda Sudhir, Joshi Shrey, Modi Harsh, Tank Dhaval Are Students Of Mechanical
Engineering In B.E. Has Been Carried Out Under The Guidance Of Prof. H. N. Jani
At Lukhdhirji Engineering College Morbi. The Project Report Is Approved For
Submission Requirement For D.E.-1b (3130008) In 4rd Semester In Mechanical
Engineering In B.E. At L.E. College Morbi.

Signature Of Guide :- Signature Of H.O.D. :-

Prof. H. N. Jani Dr. N. M. Bhatt

Date :-

Place : Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi

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DE-IB PROJECT REPORT APPROVAL CERTIFICATE

This Is To Certify That The Design Engineering-1A Entitled "HYBRID HUB"

Submitted By Chavda Sudhir, Joshi Shrey, Modi Harsh And Tank Dhaval Of
Mechanical Engineering During The Academic Year 2023-24 (Semester 4), Of The
Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi.

Examiners :-

1.

2.

Date :-
Place : Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We Would Here By The Opportunity To Thank Our Institute For Making Us Capable
To Take This Project. Project Is The Part Of Our Mechanical Engineering Curriculum
For That We Should Have Good Guide Who Can Help Us Whenever We Need Any
Help. So We Are Very Thankful To Our Prof. H. N. Jani For His Valuable Guidance.
He Is The Person Who Helped In Preparing The Project With His Best Knowledge.
We Are Also Thankful To The College Library Staff For Providing Us The Required
Reference Book Which Helped In Preparing Project.

We Would Like To Thank The H.O.D Of Mechanical Department Prof. N. M. Bhatt

For Giving Us The Opportunity To Take This Project. We Would Like To Thank Our
Principal Dr. Bhavikkumar Suthar For Providing Us Facilities Like Internet Lab.

We Express Our Heartiest And Gentle Thank To All Staff Member Of Mechanical
Department For Their Time By Help.

Thanks To All....

-Chavda Sudhir M.
-Joshi Shrey H.
-Modi Harsh G.
-Tank Dhaval K.

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ABSTRACT

This Project Focuses On The Development And Implementation Of A Hybrid Hub

Wheel System Designed To Enhance The Performance Of Conventional Vehicles. The
System Integrates Both Electric And Traditional Propulsion Technologies Within The
Wheel Hub, Offering Improved Efficiency, Reduced Emissions, And Increased
Overall Performance. Through A Combination Of Electric Motors And Internal
Combustion Engines, The Hybrid Hub Wheel Aims To Optimize Energy Utilization,
Providing A Sustainable And Versatile Solution For Modern Transportation. The
Project Encompasses Design, Prototyping, And Testing Phases To Validate The
System's Viability And Potential Impact On The Automotive Industry.

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 Table Of Contents

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION 01

1.1 General 01
1.2 Definition of Hybrid Hub .01
1.3 Principle 02
1.4 Working 02

CHAPTER – 2 CANVASES 04

2.1 AEIOU Summary 04

2.1.1 Environment 04
2.1.2 Interction 05
2.1.3 Object 05
2.1.4 Activities 06
2.1.5 Users 07
2.2 Mind Mapping Canvas 08
2.3 EMPATHY Canvas 09
2.3.1 User 10
2.3.2 Stakeholders 10
2.3.3 Activities 10
2.4 Production Development Canvas 12
2.4.1 Purpose 12
2.4.2 Product Experience 13
2.4.3 Production Function 13
2.4.4 Product Feature 13

2.4.5 Component 14

2.4.6 People 14

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 2.4.7 Customer Revalidation 15

2.4.8 Reject, Redesign, Retain 16

2.5 Ideation Canvas 14

2.5.1 People 17

2.5.2 Activities 18

2.5.3 Situation/Context/Location 18

2.5.4 Props/Tools/Objects/Equipment 19

2.6 learning Need Matrix 20

CHAPTER – 3 PROTOTYPE 22

CHAPTER – 4 CONCLUSION 24

CHAPTER –5 REFERANCES 25

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CHAPTER :- 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 General
The Hybrid-Hub Project Represents A Pivotal Step Towards Revolutionizing The
Automotive Industry By Seamlessly Integrating Petroleum Fuel And Electric Propulsion Systems.
With An Ever-Growing Emphasis On Sustainability And Energy Efficiency, The Hybrid-Hub
Project Aims To Redefine The Way We Think About Transportation.

Objectives:
 Develop An Innovative Hybrid Solution That Maximizes Fuel Efficiency While
Minimizing Emissions.
 - Address Environmental Concerns By Promoting Cleaner Energy Sources And
Reducing The Carbon Footprint Of Transportation.
 Enhance Overall Vehicle Performance, Reliability, And Versatility To Meet The
Evolving Needs Of Consumers.
 - Foster Technological Innovation And Collaboration Across Industries To Drive
Positive Change In The Automotive Sector.

The Hybrid-Hub Utilizes Advanced Engineering Principles To Combine The Strengths Of

Petroleum Fuel Engines And Electric Propulsion Systems. By Seamlessly Integrating These
Technologies, The Hybrid-Hub Optimizes Power Distribution, Energy Storage, And Vehicle
Performance. Intelligent Control Algorithms Ensure Smooth Transitions Between Power Sources,
Maximizing Efficiency And Minimizing Environmental Impact.

1.2 Definition of Hybrid Hub

A Hybrid-Hub Is A Sophisticated Engineering Solution That Combines The Conventional
Petroleum Fuel-Based Engine System With An Electric Propulsion System. This Innovative
Integration Aims To Optimize Fuel Efficiency, Reduce Emissions, And Enhance Overall
Performance By Leveraging The Strengths Of Both Power Sources.

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1.3 Principle
The Principle Behind The Hybrid-Hub Lies In Harnessing The Complementary Attributes Of
Petroleum Fuel And Electric Power. Petroleum Fuel Engines Provide High Energy Density And
Long-Range Capabilities, While Electric Systems Offer Instant Torque, Quiet Operation, And Zero-
Emission Potential. By Intelligently Managing The Power Flow Between These Systems, The
Hybrid-Hub Maximizes Efficiency And Minimizes Environmental Impact.

1.4 Working
I. Start-Up Phase:
Upon Ignition, The Hybrid-Hub Primarily Relies On The Petroleum Fuel Engine For
Propulsion.

During This Phase, The Electric System Remains Dormant, Conserving Energy For
Later Use.

II. Cruising Phase:

As The Vehicle Reaches A Steady Cruising Speed, The Hybrid-Hub Transitions To A
Balanced Power Mode.

The Petroleum Fuel Engine Continues To Provide Primary Propulsion, While The
Electric System Supplements Power Demands During Acceleration Or Hill Climbing.

Excess Energy Generated By The Petroleum Engine Is Stored In The Onboard Battery
Pack For Future Use.

III. Regenerative Braking

When The Vehicle Decelerates Or Brakes, The Electric System Engages Regenerative
Braking.

Kinetic Energy Is Converted Into Electrical Energy And Stored In The Battery,
Improving Overall Efficiency And Extending Range.

IV. Low-Speed Maneuvering

In Urban Or Low-Speed Driving Scenarios, The Hybrid-Hub Switches To Electric-
Only Mode.

This Mode Reduces Noise Pollution And Eliminates Tailpipe Emissions, Enhancing
Environmental Sustainability.

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V. Battery Charging
When The Petroleum Engine Is Running, Excess Power Is Diverted To Charge The
Onboard Battery Pack.

This Ensures The Electric System Remains Adequately Charged For Hybrid
Operation, Even During Extended Driving Sessions.

Hybrid Power Management

The Hybrid-Hub Employs Sophisticated Control Algorithms To Seamlessly Manage
Power Distribution Between The Petroleum Engine And Electric System.

Factors Such As Driving Conditions, Battery State Of Charge, And Power Demand
Are Continuously Monitored And Optimized For Maximum Efficiency.

VI. User Interface and Feedback

A User-Friendly Interface Provides Real-Time Feedback On Hybrid System
Operation, Battery Status, And Energy Consumption.

This Empowers Drivers To Make Informed Decisions To Further Enhance Efficiency

And Performance.

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CHAPTER :- 2 CANVASES

2.1 AEIOU Summary

AEIOU Frame Work Started Just After The Domain And Topic Was Selected. Lots Of
Brainstorming Session And Internet Researches Was Conducted And Then We Finally Started
The AEIOU Canvas Work.

AEIOU Is The Abbreviated Form Of Five Components That It Represents, And They Are

1. ACTIVITY
2. ENVIRONMENT
3. INTERACTIONS
4 OBJECTS
5. USER

Each Section Is Important And All The Five Sections Together Complete The AEIOU
Framework Activity,

Fig.2.1 AEIOU Summary Canva

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2.1.1 Environment
Environment Include The Following Place Where Strategies Are Going To Be Applied.

 Low Maintenance
 Eco-Friendly
 Comfortable With Renewable Energy
 Low Emission
 Lower-Manufacturing Complexity

2.1.2 Interction
The Following Interction Are Taken Place Through Which Strategies Become Effective

 Industries
 Government
 Automobile
 Merchant

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2.1.3 Objects
Objects Framework Include The Subject/Area On Which It Is Applied: Following Ex.
Clears. It About Such Objects Such As :-

 Automobile
 Conventional Two Wheelers
 Automotive
 Hybrid Power System.

2.1.4 Activities
Activity Farmwork Includes The Collection And Explanation Of Each And Every
Activity That Are Included In The Process.

Activies Or We Can Say Processes That Are Included In This Section Are As Following

 Research
 Planning
 Documentation
 Prepare The Base
 Design And Production
 Marketing

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2.1.5 Users
Users Are Key Person Through Which The Area/Subject Are Effected And Give
Positive Approach Of Using It. Users Are Listed Below:-

 Industrial
 Government
 Automobile
 Citizens
 Transportation

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2.2 Mind Mapping Canvas

Fig. 2.2 Mind mapping Canvas

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2.3 EMPATHY Canvas
This Canvas Includes Stories Which Produce Both The Sense Positive And Negative
Which Is Useful For Understanding Our Project. This Canvas Includes First Section Namely
USER,STAKE HOLDER, AND ACTIVITIES.

Fig. 2.3 Empathy Canvas

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2.3.1 User
It Is As Same As Started In Aeiou Canvas. Which Involve Worldwide Users These Users
Are Mentioned In Aeiou Canvas.
 Government
 Industrial
 Automobile
 Transportation

2.3.2 Stakeholders
They Are Indirect/Direct Benefitted From Product/Being Afflicted Stakeholders Of
Our Project Include.
 Government
 Customers
 Environmental Groups
 Automobile Industry

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2.3.3 Activies
The Activities Started Previously In Section Of AEIOU Canvas Is Same In Empathy
Canvas.
 Marketing
 Transportation
 Government Verification
 User Research
 Empathy Intervieus
 Personal Development

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2.4 Production Development Canvas

This Particular Canvas Can Give The Review About The Area/Product Or Some
Factors Such As: Purpose, People, Product Experience, Product Function, Product Feature
And The Components Are Included In Canvas.

Fig. 2.4 Product Development Canvas

2.4.1 Purpose

It Asks About Purpose For Which The Project is Made.Purpose Includes

 Eco Friendly
 Reduce Pollution
 Fuel Efficiency
 Energy Recovery

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2.4.2 Product experience
Its States About Experience Or Feeling Of Product After Introducing In The Market.
 Quiet Operation
 Smooth Acceleration
 Efficient Regenerative

2.4.3 Product function

It Enables The Following Function After Implementation They Are As Follows.

 Electric Propulsion
 Efficiency Improvement
 Energy Regeneration

2.4.4 Product feature

It Is The Part Of The Canvas The Which Highlights The Importance Of the product
Making Him To Perform Batter.for Our project Here Are The Features.
 Regerative braking system

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  Electric power assist
 Hybrid function

2.4.5 Components
They Are The Raw Material Through Which After Applying It Makes The
Product/Area Efficient And Error Face. They Are As Follow
 Spocket
 Bearing
 Coil
 Magnet
 Chain
 Hub
 Main shaft
 Stator
 Rachet spring

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2.4.6 People
Here People Includes The Person/Group Who Is Indirectly Or Directly getting
Benefitted.
 House Hold
 Auto Mobile Consumers
 Vehicles Users

2.4.7 Customer Revalidation

This Portion The Reuired Feedback/Satisfaction After Using Product/Applied Are As
An Application. It Includes
 Customer Review
 Eco Friendly

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2.4.8 Reject, Redesign, Retain
It Gives The Idea About Product Whether It Should Be Rejected ( For Not Working ).
Or Redesign ( As It Is Missing Something ) And Retain ( I.E., Obtaining In It’s Original
Form). For Our Project It Is Redesign As It Can Be Changed According To Be Condition.
 Retain

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2.5 Ideation Canvas
It Is Divided In to Four Sections namely :-

 People
 Activities
 Situation/Content/Location.
 Props/Tools/Objects/Equipment.

Fig. 2.5 Ideation Canvas

2.5.1 People
Here People Include The Person/Group That Is Indirectly/Directly Getting Benefitted.
People Can Use It In Automobile
 People Can Use It In Automobile
 Citizen
 Merchant
 Transportation

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  Government
 Automobile Users

2.5.2 Actives
Here In This Canvas Also The Activity. Portion Remain Same As Of All The Above
Started Canvas, I.E. For Aeiou And Empathy Sections Having Activity In Their List Does
Not Change.
 Analysis
 Production
 Collecting Basic Material
 Transportation
 Marketing

2.5.3 Situation/Context/Location
 Automobile
 Transportation
 Industry
 Automotive

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2.5.4 Situation/Context/Location
 Power Supply
 Engine & Electric Battery
 Hub System
 Work

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2.6 Learning Need Matrix
In The Initial Phase Of The Hybridhub Automobile Project, The Stage I Encompasses
A Comprehensive Exploration Of Design Engineering, Delving Into The Realms Of Material
Science And Manufacturing Processes. Here, The Theoretical Underpinnings Are Rigorously
Examined Alongside Practical Applications To Establish A Solid Foundation. Object-
Oriented Concepts And Design Principles Are Meticulously Integrated, Ensuring Alignment
With Applicable Standards And Design Specifications. Experimentation Plays A Crucial
Role, Validating Theoretical Constructs And Refining Design Approaches.

Fig. 2.6 Learning Need Matrix

Moreover, This Stage Emphasizes The Judicious Selection Of Materials, Taking Into
Account Both Their Economic Viability And Adherence To Stringent Strength Criteria. The
Synthesis Of Design And Manufacturing Knowledge Is Facilitated Through The Utilization
Of Sophisticated Software, Tools, And Simulation Methods. These Technological Resources
Not Only Aid In Conceptualization But Also Provide Avenues For Optimization And
Efficiency Enhancement.

Transitioning Into The Stage II, The Focus Shifts Towards The Utilization Of
Specific Software Applications Such As MS Word, Autocad, And Assembly Tools. Here,
Theoretical Understanding, Methodological Application, And Mathematical Precision Are
Paramount. Assembly Processes Are Streamlined To Minimize Complexity, Ensuring
Smooth Integration And Functionality Of Components.

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 Throughout This Stage, Adherence To Design Standards And Principles Remains
Central, Bolstered By Considerations Of Material Compatibility And Strength Criteria.
Design Criteria Are Meticulously Evaluated, With A Keen Eye Towards Cost-Effective
Solutions And Efficient Utilization Of Resources. Proficiency In Design Software And
Simulation Methods Is Honed, Enriching The Skill Set Of Designers And Engineers Alike.

Ultimately, This Iterative Process Of Design Engineering Within The Hybridhub

Project Embodies A Holistic Approach, Where Theoretical Insights, Practical Applications,
And Technological Advancements Converge To Drive Innovation And Excellence In
Automotive Design And Manufacturing.

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CHAPTER :-3 PROTOTYPE
Innovative Engineering Lies At The Heart Of The Hybrid-Hub Project, Where The
Incorporation Of The Sprocket And Chain Mechanical Mechanism Represents A Pioneering
Solution To Optimize Power Distribution And Minimize Energy Losses. This Mechanism Operates
By Selectively Engaging Power Transfer Between The Engine Shaft And The Hub, Depending On
The Mode Of Propulsion.

During Petroleum Engine Operation, The Sprocket And Chain Mechanical Mechanism
Efficiently Transmits Power Generated By The Engine To The Hub, Enabling Smooth Motion And
Propulsion. However, In Electric Mode, This Mechanism Disengages The Connection Between The
Engine Shaft And The Hub, Ensuring That No Additional Motion Is Imparted To The Engine.

By Selectively Controlling Power Transfer, The Sprocket And Chain Mechanical Mechanism
Significantly Reduces Energy Losses Associated With Hybrid Propulsion, Enhancing Overall
Efficiency And Performance. This Innovative Technology Underscores Our Commitment To
Advancing Sustainable Transportation Solutions While Optimizing The Driving Experience For
Consumers.

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 Through Meticulous Design And Engineering, The Hybrid-Hub Project Integrates The
Sprocket And Chain Mechanical Mechanism Seamlessly, Ensuring Reliable Operation And
Maximizing The Benefits Of Hybrid Propulsion. This Mechanism Represents A Key Component Of
Our Holistic Approach To Revolutionizing The Automotive Industry And Shaping A Greener, More
Sustainable Future For Transportation.

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CHAPTER :-4 CONCLUSION
The Hybrid-Hub Project Exemplifies A Paradigm Shift In Automotive Engineering,
Seamlessly Integrating Petroleum Fuel And Electric Systems To Optimize Efficiency And Reduce
Environmental Impact. Through Innovative Solutions Like The Hybrid-Hub Mechanism, We're
Driving Towards A Future Of Sustainable Transportation, Where Performance And Eco-
Consciousness Harmoniously Coexist.

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CHAPTER –5 REFERANCES
1. Ratchet And Pawl Mechanism ( Freewheel)
https://youtu.be/wZh5fBFdnVU?si=u6jJqGxtGCOl9wn8

2. Bldc Hub Motor

https://youtu.be/AakKwoA82-o?si=YN7cX7iVfeL3TFG7

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