Class 2

“let there be light”.

N
Lamps

• A lighting designer needs to control light in order to

achieve his or her design goals.
• One of the first steps in achieving control is identifying
the qualities of light that are desired, and then
selecting the proper lamp to provide them.
• There are many lamp shapes and technologies available,
and the designer’s understanding of this fundamental
component of a lighting system is essential.
• Incandescent Lamps
• Halogen lamp
• Fluorescent lamps
• high intensity discharge
• light emitting diode (LED)
 A (arbitrary) lamps are typically
incandescent or halogen, although
manufacturers are packaging compact
fluorescent and LED lamps in this
familiar shape.
 B The BT lamp is a variation on the 
A lamp, and can usually be
substituted for one.
 C&D (blunt-tip, or bullet) and (candle
flame) lamps are usually low to
medium wattage (10–60W),
decorative lamps used in
chandeliers, and wall sconces.
 E (cone-shaped) lamps are usually
incandescent. They are commonly
used in night-lights and in older
style Christmas tree lights.
 F (flame) lamps are decorative
incandescent lamps that are
available in low to medium wattage
(25-60W) with clear, frosted, or
amber envelopes.
G (globe) lamps are medium
wattage lamps (25–60W)
frequently used as decorative
lamps in marquees, decorative
fixtures, and around makeup
mirrors.
 H (P and PS pear-shaped) lamps
are usually incandescent, high
wattage (250W and up) lamps.
 I & j (T tube lamps) halogen
 Mounting Conditions
Another way of describing luminaires is by the way they are mounted
and how much of the luminaire’s housing or body is visible in the
room.
• Recessed luminaires are those whose entire housing is behind the
face of the ceiling, wall, or floor. Semi-recessed luminaires are
those with a portion of the fixture projecting beyond the face of
the ceiling or wall
• Surface Mount luminaires are those attached to the surface of the
ceiling, wall or perhaps to a piece of furniture. Unlike recessed
and semi-recessed luminaires, they can easily be replaced without
cutting into or damaging the mounting surface.
• Pendant: refers to any luminaire that is hung from the ceiling. It
may be purely decorative, like a chandelier, or it may be functional,
like a direct/indirect luminaire in an open office. Pendant luminaires
may be suspended by one or more metal rods, wire rope, chain,
or by the power cord.
Surface Mount

Pendant
 Types of light : Artificial Light
• The initial step in planning light for a space is to establish an
appropriate emotional environment for the activity that will take
place there.
• Lighting can affect impressions of spaciousness, relaxation,
privacy, intimacy, and pleasantness; it can produce a festive,
carnival-like atmosphere or a quiet place for contemplation; it
can create cold, impersonal public spaces and warm, intimate,
private ones.
• Light can have a strengthening or reinforcing effect in creating
a suitable psychological setting, similar to that provided by
background music.”
 Types of light : Artificial Light
• The second step in the lighting design process is to estimate
the amount of light required for the activity that will take place
in a given space.
• The light needed for visibility and perception increases as the
size of details decreases, as contrast between details and
their backgrounds is reduced, and as task reflectance is
reduced. Our visual perception of space depends upon both
incident light and surface finish.
 Color in Light
 There are two aspects of color and light that lighting
designers need to understand: tints of white light and
spectral colors/individual color of the visible spectrum/ the
use of color was limited to warm, neutral, and cool tones of
white light.
 Colors of White Light :Everyone is familiar with the terms
“warm” and “cool” white light.
 Warm light sources include candles, incandescent lamps,
and some fluorescent lamps
 Cool light sources include some fluorescent lamps and
daylight.
• Color perception is yet another factor important to the
appraisal and performance of a visual task. Color
characteristics of light can significantly alter a person’s
perception of an object.
• The color temperature of the lamp will affect the visual
appearance not only of the lamp itself, but more
importantly, objects in the room.
• Lamps with a warm color temperature, for example, produce
light that is saturated with red and orange wavelengths,
producing a richer appearance of red and orange objects
and lending a reddish tint to whites, while darkening blues
and greens.
• The sun is still the primary source of light and
natural lighting is preferred because of its soft
and changing qualities, as well as a point of
reference to tell the weather and time of day.
Some of the factors in the emotional impact of
light are:
• Darkness brings fear to many.
• Everyone can feel blue at times.
• Bright colors and images can lift our spirits.
• Dark colors can be depressing or soothing.
 Summary
• Light plays a functional role in
interior design. It is used to
illuminate work and creating a mood.
• The element of light can refer to
natural or man made(Artificial light)
sources.
• Light goes hand in hand with texture
and closely associated with color.
Without a light source, color does
not exist.
• Light sets the mood in a room.
 A good lighting design should:
• Look good!
• Provide the proper amount of light
in every room.
• Be built and constructed within
budget, code and other
constraints.
• Be environmentally responsible.
• Produce good color.
• Achieve the desired moods of each
spaces.
• Be able to control the lights.
• Light can completely change the
mood of room.
• It employed to emphasize certain
objects in a room such as pieces
of art.
• Passive lighting imparts a cozy,
romantic feel.
• Rooms bathed in natural light feel
airy and cheerful.
THANK YOU