GOVT. COLLEGE OF NURSING JAGDALPUR (C.

G)

SUBJECT – NURSING EDUCATION

PRACTICE TEACHING ON

“DEVELOPING A SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING CONFIDENTIALITY”

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

MRS. CHANDRAKIRAN OGER MISS. SANJEETA BHAGAT

MSC. DEMONSTRATOR MSC.NURSING 1ST YEAR

DEPT.COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING DEPT. CHILD HEALTH NURSING

GOVT.COLLEGE OF NURSING GOVT.COLLEGE OF NURSING

JAGDALPUR (C.G) JAGDALPUR (C.G)
 PRACTICE TEACHING
NAME OF THE GUIDE - MRS. CHANDRAKIRAN OGER

NAME OF THE STUDENT - MISS. SANJEETA BHAGAT

SUBJECT - NURSING EDUCATION

UNIT -

TOPIC - “ DEVELOPING A SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING CONFIDENCIALITY.”

DURATION -

GROUP -

NUMBER OF STUDENT -

DATE AND TIME -

PLACE -

METHOD OF TEACHING - LECTURE CUM DISCUSSION, EXPLANATION, QUESTIONING AND ANSWERING.

AV AIDS - BLACK BOARD, CHARTS PAPER, FLASH CARD,

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE - BEFORE THE PRESENTATION PARTICIPANTS HAVE SOME KNOWLEDGE REGARDING
TOPIC OF THE “DEVELOPING A SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING CONFIDENCIALITY”.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:- At the end of my presentation all students will be able to understand about “Developing a system for

Maintaining confidentiality.”

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:- At the end of my presentation , students will be able to:

 Introduce the developing a system for maintaining confidentiality.

 Define the maintaining confidentiality.
 Explain the objectives.
 Describe the techniques for maintaining confidentiality.
 Brief describe about list of malpractices and corresponding punishments.
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1) 2min To introduce DEVELOPING A SYSTEM FOR Lecture Listening Black What do you
the MAINTAINING CONFIDENTIALITY board mean by
developing a developing a
system for system for
INTRODUCTION:-
maintaining maintaining
confidentialit The system for maintaining the confidentiality is very confidentiality?
y. important, because in this system helps to bring out
the original skills of the candidates. if the system has
to fail to maintain the confidentiality that will affect
the examination system and lot of malpractices will
take place. To control these all malpractice there
should be a recommended authorities needed.

DEFINITION
2) 2min To define the Lecture Listening Black Define
maintaining MAINTAINING CONFIDENTIALITY:- board maintaining
confidentialit confidentiality?
y. “Maintaining Confidentiality requires safeguarding
the information that an individual has disclosed in a
relationship of trust and with the expectations that it
will not be disclosed to others without permission,
except in ways that are consistent with the original
disclosure.”
-Shebeer p basher.
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3) 5min Explain the OBJECTIVES :- Lecture Listening PPT What is the
objectives objectives
 To prevent mal practices explain it?
 To formulate the qualities of examination
 To improve the discipline of both candidates
and examinations
 To bring out a better educational program
 To cultivate a qualified and talented
generation.

4) 35min Describing TECHNIQUES FOR MAINTAINING

the CONFIDENTIALITY:- Lecture Discussion PPT Describe the
techniques techniques
for The techniques of confidentiality include mainly three maintaining
maintaining phases they are following:- confidentiality?
confidentialit 1. Pre-Examination phase
y. 2. Examination phase
3. Post Examination phase

PRE – EXAMINATION PHASE:-

This phase begins with preparation of question paper

and ends with the delivery of material to the
examination hall.
Procedure for preparation of question papers: -
Question paper mainly prepared by the lecturers and
professors those who are recognized or affiliated with
university. They will prepare minimum of 10 sets of
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questions which is based on the syllabus. Out of that
two sets of papers will be selected for the
examination.
One is main paper and other one is as a
supplementary purpose. These all question papers
selected by the university superintendent. After the
preparation and selection the question papers will
keep in double locker of the confidential department
of the university. After preparing the papers that was
sealed and hand over to the examination hall just one
hour before the exam with presence of university
authorities. This is taking over to the examination hall
from the university through the university vehicle
with proper security.
But now a day the papers are handed over through e-
mail with bar code. just one hour before they will get
the bar code and open the mail with that code taking
he print out in the presence of principal or the head of
the examiner.

MALPRACTICES OF THIS PHASE

I.Easy availability of answer papers.

Problem-

Easy availability of answer books and sheets leads to

scope for insertion of pre-written answer papers,
replacement of original answer papers etc
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Reasons:-

i. Colleges do not send the final list of candidates

admitted by them to the various affiliated courses.

ii. Proper account of answer books is not maintained.

iii. Examination stationery items are not kept in safe

custody both in colleges and universities.

Solutions / Precautionary measures

i.Colleges should be required to send the exact

number of candidates admitted within a week from
the last date of admission to the first year.

ii. Procedure for proper accounting of the answer

books may be devised and implemented. Institutions
should be instructed to strictly follow the procedure
and submit the accounts to the university as soon as
the examinations are over. If considered necessary the
answer books may also be serially numbered.

A format can be given to colleges and information can

be collected about the usage of main answer books.
The format should include the numbers of answer
books used.

iii. Principals alone should be required to act as Chief

Superintendents. In exceptional cases on the
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recommendation of the principal a reliable person.
maybe appointed as Chief Superintendent. Double
locker system must be introduced for the safe custody
of question papers and main answer books.

II. Leakage of Question Papers Problem

Leakage of question papers defeats the main purpose

of examination, i. e, assessing the depth of knowledge
and extent of skill acquired by the students.

Sources-

Main sources of leakage are

1. Paper setters.
2. Proof Readers.
3. Staff-in-charge of question paper setting.
4. Staff-in-charge of dispatching the question papers.
5. Printing press.
6. Staff delivering the question papers.
7. Chief Superintendents and staff of colleges.

Solutions / Precautionary measures

1. The Chairman and question paper setters may be

chosen from the list of experts recommended by
respective Board of Studies based on known
reliability of the individuals.
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2. The university staff handling confidential papers
may be carefully chosen i.e., only reliable / honest/
dependable persons may be engaged for doing
confidential work.

3. Question paper manuscripts, proof and printed

question papers should be in the personal custody of
the Controller of Examinations. He must also monitor
the format of question papers and covers to ensure
that there is no scope for leakage.

4. Principals alone should be required to act as Chief

Superintendents. In exceptional cases on the
recommendation of the principal a reliable person
may be appointed as Chief Superintendent. Double
locker system must be introduced for the safe custody
of examination related stationery.

5. Only regular staff should be appointed in

confidential section of the Controller's wing to
prevent malpractice.

Examination Phase:-
This phase mainly include taking out the examination
papers from the confidential area and distributing the
papers to the candidates. Here the examination in
charge has to give the instruction to the candidates
regarding the examination paper and how to behave in
the examination hall. He has to explain what all
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consequences will occur if any malpractices occur.

Mal practices of the examination phase

There is scope for a variety of malpractices during the

conduct of university examinations.
Problem.

Types of Malpractices

1.possesion of incriminating materials for the perpose

of copying.
2. Actual copying.
3. Appeal to Examiners.
4 Offering cash
5 Exchange of answer sheets by examinees
6. Insertion of previously written answer sheets by
examinees
7 Impersonation by the examinees
8 Question paper setters may leak the question papers
in the disguise of model question papers
9. The candidates may copy in the examination hall
with or without the knowledge of invigilators
10. Invigilators may dictate or write answers on the
blackboard.
11. The examinees may use symbols / marking for
identification of answer paper
12 Answer books may be substituted
13. Answer books may be dispatched to the valuation
centers with forged letters.
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Solutions / Precautionary measures

1 Question papers should include analytical questions

so that the candidates' understanding of the subject is
tested and not the capacity of the candidates for
reproducing what is in the book

2. Distance between seals may be so arranged that it is

difficult to exchange answer sheets

3. Answer books containing any unwanted writing

like appeal may not be valued and as per rules the
concerned students may be punished for committing
malpractices (Instructions to the students sent by the
university may include a note on do's and don'ts)

4. Invigilators should be required to thoroughly check

the identification of the candidate comparing ID card.
photo, signature, etc with actual. The instructions to
the invigilator should indicate these as well as other
duties

5. Chief Examiners may be appointed on the basis of

their reputation.

6. The question paper setters may be given guidelines

for setting questions which may not provide scope for
insertion of previously written answer sheets

7. All teachers should be given training in the conduct

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of examinations and also imparted a sense of
professionalism. Only such trained teachers should be
appointed as invigilators.

8. Invigilation should be made compulsory for all

teachers as a part of their duty

9 As already pointed out colleges should be required

to send the exact number of candidates admitted
within a week from the last date of admission (for the
first years). Safe custody of examination related
stationery may be insisted upon.

10. Principals alone should be required to act as Chief

Superintendents. In exceptional cases on they
recommendation of the principal a reliable person
may be appointed as Chief Superintendent. Double
locker system must be introduced for the safe custody
of examination related stationery.

11. Only honest / reliable / dependable persons should

be appointed in confidential section.

Post Examination Phase:-

In this phase mainly packing of the answer sheet

according to the roll number along with question
paper and send it to the respective university.
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In the post examination phase, paper chasing is
considered to be a major source of malpractice. Some
other malpractices are the result of the teachers giving
incorrect information about their teaching experience
and as a result they may be required to value answer
books in subjects that they are not currently teaching.
Yet other malpractice may be some non-teaching staff
who may indulge in tampering with the records.

Types of Malpractices:-

1. Paper chasing: Some students may try to influence

the examiners at the valuation centers to give more
marks to them and a few examiners may oblige them.

2. Staff in the examination wing and / or computer

wing may attempt to tamper with the marks in order
to favor some students or they may commit mistakes
due to their inexperience.

3. Some teachers may accept to value answer paper in

subjects which they do not teach and thereby commit
mistakes in valuation.

Solutions / Precautionary measures

1. Careful appointment of administrative staff and the

camp officer for central valuation. Controller of
Examinations should not allow any change of name of
staff and change of camps on any account.
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2. As far as possible, office bearers of Staff
Association should not be posted to the examination
section. (A they by virtue of their role as office
bearers of the association try to protect the erring staff
at every stage.

3. Introduction of Optical Mark Reader and Bar Code

is also suggested as an alternative method to speed up
processing results, maintain confidentiality and
control malpractice.

4. Manual writing should not be permitted in the

preparation of final Tabulated Mark Register (TMR)
and Permanent Pass Register (PPR).

5. Staff well trained in computer programming alone

should be posted in the examination computer wing.

6. Heads of the Departments / Principals should be

required to verify the details of staff from service
books and forward the staff returns.

7. As far as possible format of certificates should not

be changed.

8. There should be a separate Grievance Cell /

Complaint Cell headed by an officer of proven
honesty The postings and transfers recommended by
the Controller of Examinations should be given due
consideration. The examination wing should be
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accommodated in a separate building wing. Visitors
may be permitted to meet only the officers and the
staff.

The chamber of the Controller of Examinations

should be at the entrance of the building / wing
Wearing of identity cards by the staff should be
insisted.

5) 12min Briefly List of Malpractices and Corresponding Punishments- Lecture Discussion PPT What is the list
describe of malpractices
about list of 1 Appeal for Give warning. If and
malpractices consideration repeated cancel the corresponding
and with/without any exam taken punishments
correspond- promise of briefly describe
ding consideration. it?
punishments.
2 Indicating identity warning cancellation of
Using color thread/ exam of that particular
marking in color paper.
pencil/Candidates name/
Reg. No another page
College Name any other
special marking.

3. Attempt to bribe the cancel the examination

examiner by post or in that particular
otherwise Letter of subject/cancel the whole
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appeal with promise for examination taken in
consideration of any that semester and debar
form/Offering cash or from the next 2
other kind / Remittance subsequent exams.
of cash.
4. Threatening the Hall cancel the whole exam
Superintendent/Evaluato & debar for the next 2/3
r Other Examination years.
Personnel /
Insubordinate behavior
Misbehavior in the
Examination Hall
reported by the
Chief/Hall
Superintendent.

5. Possession of cancel the all written

materials relating to the exam of that session.
examination/ Writing on
the desk / Any part of
the body! Writings on
scale, calculator
handkerchief, Hall ticket
organizer etc. Copying
from the above.

6. (a) Helping others for cancel all the written

copying or getting help examination of that
examination Hall in any session and debar for
form and accept the one or more session.
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(b) Helping others for cancel all the written
from others in the examination of that
examination Hall in any session and debar for one
form but do not accept or more session.
malpractice.

7. Wilfully changing cancel the written

register Number. examination of and
debar for the next two
sessions.

8. Insertion of answer cancel the examination

sheets brought from & taken in the semester
outside. cancer the whole
examination taken
&debar for the next 2/3
years.

9. Violent behavior in (a) cancel the all the exam

the Examination Hall. taken for that semester.
(a) Taking away the
answer script.

(b) (b) cancel the exam

Manhandling/Injuring taken and debar for the
personnel connected next 3 years.
with the examinations.
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10.(a) Impersonation - (a) cancel the whole
present students. exam taken and debar
for 3 years & not to
undergo any course in
any college during the
rustication period.

(b) Impersonation in (b) case to be reported to

case of past students or police employer to be
outsiders. informed & degree if
any to be withdrawn for
a period of 3 years.

(c) Tampering with Hall (c) candidates be not

Tickets / Certificates permitted to for any
etc. exams of this university
for a period of
production of
documents and not to
undergo any course
college under this
university in any college
under this university.

11. Other Forms of (a) Cancel the

Malpractice by Students examination taken in the
(a) Writing filthy words particular subject only.
in answer script/Wrong
entry of Reg. No.
Possession of material.
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not related with that
particular examination.
(b) Not returning the (b) Cancel all the written
answer brooks / examinations of that
Malpractice in practical session & debar for
examination subsequent session of
Dissertation. exams.

(c) Committing the (b) Cancel all the written

malpractice for a second examinations of that
time! Forged official session & debar for
communication with subsequent session of
regard to exams.
correction/rebottling of
marks.

12. Malpractice by (a) debar from exam for

Examiners(a) 2 to 5yrs inform the
Malpractice in management &director
examination work. collegiate education
about the action.
SUMMARY:-

Maintaining confidentiality requires safeguarding the information that an individual has disclosed in a relationship of trust and with
the expectation that it will not be disclosed to others without permission, expect in ways that are consistent with the original
disclosure.

CONCLUSION:-

This chapter will focus on two issues that particularly apply to online research surveys: anonymity and confidentiality. Anonymity in a
research study refers to ensuring that data collected cannot be tracked back to a particular individual or other unit of analysis.
Confidentiality refers to the process of protection a research subjects identity during and after a study. Internet research may appear to
provide anonymity, but that may be a false perception.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. NIMA BHASKAR. "Textbook of Nursing Education", EMMESS Medical Publishers, 2nd Edition, Page Number 255.

2. R SUDHA .. "Nursing Education Principles and Concepts". JAYPEE Brothers Medical Publisher, 1st Edition,
Page Number 256-257.

3.BT BASVANTAPPA . "Nursing Education", JAYPEE Brothers Medical Publisher, 2nd Edition Page Number-307.

4. MARLYN OEMANN . "Evaluation and Testing in Nursing Education". 4th Edition Page Number- 441.

5. BASHEER P. SHEBEER." A Textbook of Nursing Education EMMESS Medical Publisher, Page Number-117-120.

6. JASPREET KAUR SODHI ." A Comprehensive Textbook of Nursing Education, Page Number- 200.

NET REFERENCES

1.https://www.wikipedia.com

2. https://www.scribd.com

3. https://www.ncbi.gov

4. https://www.study.com

5. https://www. formpl.us