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DAMODARAM SANJIVAYYA
NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY

SABBAVARAM, VISAKHAPATNAM, A.P., INDIA

PROJECT TITLE
IMPACT OF FAMILY SYSTEM IN INDIAN RURAL SOCIETY

SUBJECT
SOCIOLOGY - 2

NAME OF THE FACULTY

Prof. (Dr). GANTA SATYANARAYANA

NAME: Eedara Likhitha

ROLL NO:22LLB030
SEMESTER:2nd Semester
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“I heartily and gratefully acknowledge my indebtedness to my project supervisor
Prof. Dr. Ganta Satyanarayana who guided this study from its inception and whose
learning and insights helped me immensely in the writing of the project on the topic
Impact of Family System India Rural Society.Working under his has indeed been a
rewarding experience for me.
I would like to extend my gratitude to the DAMODARAM SANJIVAYYA
NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY library and the academic department for their
continuous support and availability of resources and books without which it would
have been impossible to complete this project within the stipulated time frame.
I would also like to express my gratitude to my parents and classmates for their
unconditional support, as well as their ideas and viewpoints, which helped me move
forward with my project.”
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ABSTRACT

Family is considered to be the basic units of the society. Family can be basically
defined as a socially sanctioned and the permanent group of children and parent. It is
the fundamental and universal social system of mankind. It may differ from society to
society, but its existence is necessary for the smooth functioning of society. Almost
all the humans are born into a family. According to Mac Iver “The family is a group
defined by a set relationship sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the
procreation and upbringing of children.”
As we consider the rural family system, mainly the stress is laid down on the
procreation of children and their upbringing. Rural society is seen as the fundamental
basis of civilization and culture of the human beings. The art of living is the
characteristic of the rural societies in India. Rural families in India are seen to be
characterized as the joint families and the patriarchal societies. There is a greater level
of Discipline and interdependence in the families of rural areas. The families in rural
areas are more homogeneous, integrated, stable and organically functioning than the
urban families.
We can see that the parental behaviour plays an important role in the development of
the children. As we can see a more stable and integrated families in rural areas, we
can see that the children are capable of achieving comprehensive development. Now a
days we can observe that the rural societies in India and many other countries is seen
to have their own distinct characteristics. The technological developments had
brought about many changes in the lifestyle of the people and the family structure in
rural areas.
This project focuses on the characteristics of Families in the rural regions, their
significance and the gradual changes occurring in them due to several contemporary
factors. This project gives a detailed view of the rural societies of India as the basic
source of the Indian culture.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. No Topic Pg. No

1. SYNOPSIS 5

2. INTRODUCTION 6

3. Background of Indian Rural Society 7

4. Definition of Family System 8

5. Significance in Indian Rural Society 8

6. The role of family system in shaping social and 9

cultural norms in rural areas.

7. The impact of family system on individual and 10

community well-being in rural society

8. Comparison of joint family system with nuclear 11

family system in rural India

9. Characteristics of Rural Family System in India 13

10. CONCLUSION 14

11. BIBLIOGRAPHY 15
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SYNOPSIS

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
 To know the importance and role of a family in an individual’s life.
 To know how does family system affect the society.
 To know the what is the impact of family on people in present society.
 To get an idea about how rural society family is different from urban family
society.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research or study is confined to the study of Impact of Family System in Indian
Rural Society.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research gives a clear picture of what all an individual can learn from rural
family system. And the role this kind of family system plays in present generation.

LITERATURE REVIEW:
The researcher has gone through many online sources and data to collect relevant
information for the project.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
The researcher has used primary and secondary sources of the data. This is an
explanatory study and also gathering the information available on this topic and
analyzing the data.

STYLE OF CITATION:
Oscola style of citation has been used in this project.
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RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. How does the traditional family system in Indian rural society impact the
mental health and wellbeing of individuals, particularly women and children?
2. What are the effects of changing family dynamics on the social and economic
status of women in Indian rural households, and how do these changes affect
the overall structure of the family system in the long run?

INTRODUCTION
The family system is an integral part of Indian rural society, and it plays a vital role in
shaping the social and cultural fabric of rural communities. Family values such as
respect for elders, communal living, and interdependence among family members are
deeply ingrained in Indian culture and are reflected in the family system prevalent in
rural India.

In rural India, the joint family system is prevalent, where several generations of
family members live together in one household. This system fosters a sense of unity,
cohesiveness, and support within the family, as all members contribute to the family's
well-being. Joint families also provide a safety net for individuals during times of
crisis, as there is always someone to turn to for help. The joint family system in rural
India also plays a crucial role in the education and socialization of children, as family
members take on the responsibility of nurturing and guiding children.

The impact of the family system on individual and community well-being is

significant. Family members in rural India share responsibilities and resources, which
leads to a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities within the family.
The joint family system provides a support system for individuals, particularly
women, who may not have access to formal support systems in rural areas. The family
system also plays a crucial role in maintaining social and cultural norms in rural
communities, and in promoting a sense of belonging and identity among individuals.

However, the family system in rural India is not without its challenges. With changing
times, the joint family system is slowly giving way to nuclear families, as younger
generations seek more independence and opportunities outside of the family. This
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shift can have significant implications for the social and economic well-being of
families and communities in rural India.

Overall, the family system in Indian rural society has a profound impact on individual
and community well-being, and it continues to be a significant aspect of
rural life in India.

BACKGROUND OF INDIAN RURAL SOCIETY

Indian rural society is a complex and diverse social system that is characterized by its
traditional and cultural values, customs, and beliefs. India is predominantly a rural
country, with around 70% of its population residing in rural areas. Rural society in
India is composed of various communities, each with their own distinct culture,
language, and way of life.1

The rural economy in India is primarily based on agriculture, with farming being the
primary occupation of the majority of the rural population. Other economic activities
in rural India include animal husbandry, forestry, fishing, and handicrafts. Despite the
significant contribution of the rural sector to the Indian economy, rural areas in India
continue to face several challenges such as poverty, illiteracy, lack of access to basic
amenities, and inadequate infrastructure.

In Indian rural society, the family system plays a crucial role in shaping social and
cultural norms, and in providing support and security to its members. The joint family
system is prevalent in many rural communities, where multiple generations of family
members live together in one household.2 The family system in rural India is
characterized by a strong sense of familial responsibility and mutual interdependence
among family members. Family values are deeply ingrained in Indian culture, and
they play a significant role in shaping the way individuals interact with one another
and the broader society.

FAMILY SYSTEM
1
Kumar, S. (2018). Rural Society in India: A Historical Perspective. Indian Journal of History of Science,
53(2), 187-205.
2
Singh, P., & Kumar, A. (2020). Changing family patterns and rural development: A study of rural
Haryana, India. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 15(4), 15-25.
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Definition
A family system is a group of individuals who are related by blood, marriage, or
adoption, and who share a common living space and emotional bond. 3 Family systems
can take many different forms, ranging from nuclear families consisting of a married
couple and their children, to extended families where multiple generations live
together in one household.4

The family system plays a crucial role in shaping the social and emotional
development of individuals, particularly during childhood and adolescence. Family
systems provide a support system for individuals, and they play a crucial role in the
transmission of cultural and societal values and norms from one generation to the
next.

The dynamics of family systems can vary widely, and they can be affected by a range
of factors, including cultural norms, economic conditions, and social and political
changes. Family systems can be supportive and nurturing, providing a sense of
belonging and security for their members. However, they can also be sources of
conflict and stress, particularly when there are disagreements or tensions
among family members.5

Significance in Indian Rural Society

The family system plays a significant role in Indian rural society and is considered the
backbone of rural communities. In rural India, family values such as respect for
elders, communal living, and interdependence among family members are deeply
ingrained in the culture and are reflected in the family system. The family system in
Indian rural society is characterized by joint families, where multiple generations of
family members live together in one household.6

3
Boss, P. G., Doherty, W. J., LaRossa, R., Schumm, W. R., & Steinmetz, S. K. (2015). Sourcebook of
family theories and methods: A contextual approach. Springer Publishing Company.
4
Ram, M. (2004). The changing family system in India: A sociological view. Demography India, 33(1),
1-18.
5
Jadhav, A. (2012). Family system and modernity: A qualitative study of India's changing family
structure. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 43(6), 835-851.
6
Jadhav, A. (2012). Family system and modernity: A qualitative study of India's changing family
structure. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 43(6), 835-851.
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The family system in Indian rural society provides a support system for individuals,
particularly women and children, who may not have access to formal support systems
in rural areas. Family members share responsibilities and resources, which leads to a
more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities within the family. The joint
family system also provides a safety net for individuals during times of crisis, as there
is always someone to turn to for help.

The family system in Indian rural society also plays a crucial role in maintaining
social and cultural norms. Family members take on the responsibility of nurturing and
guiding children, passing on traditional values and customs to the younger generation.
The family system also promotes a sense of belonging and identity among
individuals, as families are often connected to larger kinship networks within the
community.

The family system in Indian rural society is also significant from an economic
standpoint. With the majority of the rural economy being based on agriculture,
families often work together on farms, sharing labor and resources. The family system
also provides a safety net for individuals during times of economic hardship, as family
members can pool resources to support each other.

The role of family system in shaping social and cultural norms in

rural areas7
The family system plays a crucial role in shaping social and cultural norms in rural
areas. In rural India, families are often connected to larger kinship networks within
the community, and family members take on the responsibility of nurturing and
guiding children, passing on traditional values and customs to the younger generation.

Family members in rural areas are expected to adhere to cultural norms and traditions,
which are often deeply ingrained in the family system. For example, the joint family
system in rural India places a great emphasis on respect for elders, communal living,
and interdependence among family members. Family members are expected to
support each other during times of crisis and to share responsibilities and resources.
7
Bhatnagar, D., & Williams, S. (2018). Family structure and gender relations in India: Evidence from
rural north India. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 38(3/4), 297-316
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The family system also plays a crucial role in maintaining social and cultural practices
such as religion, language, and customs. Family members often participate in
religious ceremonies and festivals together, passing on traditional beliefs and
practices from one generation to the next. The family system also promotes cultural
practices such as folk art, music, and dance, which are often passed down through the
generations.

Moreover, the family system in rural areas also plays a crucial role in regulating
social behavior and enforcing social norms. Family members often act as moral
guardians, ensuring that individuals adhere to social norms and values. For example,
the family system in rural India places great emphasis on modesty, particularly for
women, and family members often act as protectors, safeguarding the honor and
reputation of their family.

The impact of family system on individual and community well-being

in rural society8
The impact of the family system on individual and community well-being in rural
society is significant. The family system in rural areas provides a support system for
individuals, particularly women and children, who may not have access to formal
support systems in rural areas. Family members share responsibilities and resources,
which leads to a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities within the
family. This support system contributes to the physical and mental well-being of
individuals.

Moreover, the family system promotes interdependence among family members,

fostering a sense of community and belonging. In rural areas, families often work
together on farms, sharing labor and resources. This interdependence leads to the
development of social capital, which is critical for community well-being. The family
system also provides a safety net for individuals during times of crisis, as there is
always someone to turn to for help.

8
Chaudhary, N., & Kishore, A. (2019). Impact of family size and family structure on education and
health of children in rural areas of India. Journal of Public Affairs, 19(3), e1923.
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The family system also plays a crucial role in education and skill development.
Family members in rural areas often take on the responsibility of educating and
training their children, passing on traditional knowledge and skills that are necessary
for rural livelihoods. This knowledge transfer contributes to the development of
human capital, which is critical for economic development in rural communities.

Moreover, the family system in rural areas promotes social and cultural values, which
are essential for community well-being. Family members often participate in religious
ceremonies and festivals together, fostering a sense of community and promoting
social harmony. The family system also promotes cultural practices such as folk art,
music, and dance, which are critical for preserving cultural heritage and promoting
social cohesion.

Comparison of joint family system with nuclear family system in

rural India9
The joint family system and nuclear family system are two types of family systems
prevalent in rural India. The joint family system is characterized by several
generations living under one roof, while the nuclear family system consists of a single
couple and their children living separately. Here's a comparison of the two-family
systems:

Family Structure:
The joint family system comprises multiple generations, including grandparents,
parents, and children, living together. In contrast, the nuclear family system comprises
a single couple and their children living separately.

Social Support:

9
Desai, S., & Vanneman, R. (2015). India's family planning program: Successes and challenges.
Population and Development Review, 41(2), 271-295.
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The joint family system provides a broader social support network for its members as
there are more family members to share responsibilities, resources, and provide
emotional support. On the other hand, the nuclear family system may not have the
same level of social support, and members may have to rely on friends and neighbors
for support.

Decision-making:
In a joint family system, decisions are made collectively by family members. The
eldest male member often holds the authority to make final decisions. In contrast, the
nuclear family system decisions are made by the couple.

Privacy:
In a joint family system, there may be a lack of privacy due to several family
members living together. In contrast, the nuclear family system provides more privacy
as only the immediate family members live together.

Gender roles:
In a joint family system, gender roles are often traditional, with men taking on the role
of the provider and women taking care of the household and children. In contrast, the
nuclear family system may have more gender role flexibility.

Economic considerations:
In a joint family system, the pooling of resources often leads to better economic
stability for the family. In contrast, the nuclear family system may have to rely solely
on their income for economic stability.

Characteristics of Rural Family System in India

The rural family in India is a vital part of the country's social fabric. It is characterized
by several unique characteristics that distinguish it from urban families. Here are
some of the characteristics of rural families in India:10

10

https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/family/17-main-characteristics-of-rural-family-system-in-india/
4860
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1. Joint family system: The joint family system is prevalent in rural India,
where several generations, including grandparents, parents, and children, live
together. This system provides a broader support network for family members
and promotes interdependence among family members. Joint families often
have a patriarchal structure, with the eldest male member holding the authority
to make decisions.

2. Traditional gender roles: Gender roles in rural families are often traditional,
with men taking on the role of the provider and women taking care of the
household and children. However, there has been a gradual shift towards more
gender role flexibility, with women increasingly taking on roles outside the
home.

3. Strong family ties: Family ties are significant in rural families, and family
members often work together on farms, sharing labor and resources. Family
members also support each other emotionally, and it is common for extended
family members to live in close proximity to each other.

4. Importance of religion and culture: Religion and culture play an essential

role in rural families, and family members often participate in religious
ceremonies and festivals together. Religious beliefs often shape family values
and attitudes towards social issues such as marriage and gender roles.

5. Limited access to formal education: Rural families often have limited access
to formal education, and family members take on the responsibility of
educating and training their children. This often leads to a lack of diversity in
career choices, as children often follow in their parents' footsteps.

6. Economic challenges: Rural families often face economic challenges,

including limited job opportunities, low wages, and lack of access to
resources. Many families rely on agriculture as their primary source of
income, and fluctuations in the agricultural sector can have a significant
impact on family income and livelihoods.
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7. Strong community ties: Rural families often have strong ties to their
communities and work together to address community issues. Community-
based organizations and self-help groups often play an important role in
supporting rural families.

8. Importance of land ownership: Land ownership is critical in rural families as

it often determines economic stability and social status. Land is often passed
down through generations, and ownership of land can have significant
implications for access to resources, marriage prospects, and social status.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the family system has a significant impact on Indian rural society. The
joint family system, which is prevalent in rural areas, provides a broader support
network for family members, promotes interdependence, and helps to maintain strong
family ties. It also plays an essential role in shaping social and cultural norms,
influencing individual and community well-being, and shaping economic and political
systems.

However, the joint family system is not without its challenges. Traditional gender
roles and a patriarchal structure can limit opportunities for women and perpetuate
inequality. The economic challenges faced by rural families, such as limited job
opportunities and lack of access to resources, can also have a significant impact on
family well-being.

Additionally, changes in the social and economic landscape of rural India, such as
urbanization and increased access to education, have led to a shift towards the nuclear
family system. While the nuclear family system offers greater independence and
flexibility, it can also lead to isolation and the breakdown of traditional family ties.

Overall, it is essential to recognize the significance of the family system in Indian

rural society and to promote policies and initiatives that support families, regardless
of their structure. Efforts to promote gender equality, improve access to education and
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resources, and support community-based organizations can help to strengthen families

and promote their well-being.

In conclusion, the family system is a fundamental aspect of Indian rural society, and
its impact extends beyond the family unit. It is essential to recognize the complexities
and challenges of the family system and to work towards creating a supportive
environment for families in rural India. By doing so, we can promote individual and
community well-being and ensure that families continue to play a vital role in shaping
the future of rural India.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Kumar, S. (2018). Rural Society in India: A Historical Perspective. Indian
Journal of History of Science
2. Singh, P., & Kumar, A. (2020). Changing family patterns and rural
development: A study of rural Haryana, India.
3. Boss, P. G., Doherty, W. J., LaRossa, R., Schumm, W. R., & Steinmetz, S. K.
(2015). Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual approach
4. Ram, M. (2004). The changing family system in India: A sociological view.
Demography India
5. Jadhav, A. (2012). Family system and modernity: A qualitative study of
India's changing family structure.