VCS PD Draft 5078 24apr2024

CTR METROPOLITANA LANDFILL GAS
Document Prepared by BENG ENGENHARIA
Contact Information: info@beng.eng.br
Project title CTR Metropolitana Landfill Gas
Project ID 5078
Crediting period 10-Aug-2022 to 09-Aug-2029
Original date of issue 24/04/2024
Most recent date of

11-April-2024
issue
Version 1
VCS Standard Version 4.6
BENG ENGENHARIA LTDA.

Prepared by info@beng.eng.br
www.beng.eng.br
CONTENTS
1 PROJECT DETAILS................................................................................................. 4
1.1 Summary Description of the Project ................................................................................ 4
1.2 Audit History......................................................................................................................... 6
1.3 Sectoral Scope and Project Type .................................................................................... 6
1.4 Project Eligibility .................................................................................................................. 6
1.5 Project Design ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.6 Project Proponent .............................................................................................................. 7
1.7 Other Entities Involved in the Project ............................................................................... 7
1.8 Ownership............................................................................................................................ 8
1.9 Project Start Date ............................................................................................................... 8
1.10 Project Crediting Period .................................................................................................... 8
1.11 Project Scale and Estimated GHG Emission Reductions or Removals ........................ 9
1.12 Description of the Project Activity .................................................................................... 9
1.13 Project Location ............................................................................................................... 18
1.14 Conditions Prior to Project Initiation ............................................................................... 19
1.15 Compliance with Laws, Statutes and Other Regulatory Frameworks ....................... 20
1.16 Double Counting and Participation under Other GHG Programs ............................ 21
1.17 Double Claiming, Other Forms of Credit, and Scope 3 Emissions .............................. 21
1.18 Sustainable Development Contributions ...................................................................... 22
1.19 Additional Information Relevant to the Project ........................................................... 23
2 SAFEGUARDS AND STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT .......................................... 24

2.1 Stakeholder Engagement and Consultation................................................................ 24
2.2 Risks to Stakeholders and the Environment ................................................................... 26
2.3 Respect for Human Rights and Equity ........................................................................... 27
2.4 Ecosystem Health ............................................................................................................. 28
3 APPLICATION OF METHODOLOGY................................................................... 30
3.1 Title and Reference of Methodology ............................................................................ 30
3.2 Applicability of Methodology ......................................................................................... 31
3.3 Project Boundary .............................................................................................................. 40
3.4 Baseline Scenario ............................................................................................................. 42
3.5 Additionality ...................................................................................................................... 43
3.6 Methodology Deviations ................................................................................................. 44
4 QUANTIFICATION OF ESTIMATED GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS AND

REMOVALS ......................................................................................................... 44
4.1 Baseline Emissions ............................................................................................................. 45
4.2 Project Emissions ............................................................................................................... 59
4.3 Leakage Emissions ............................................................................................................ 60
4.4 Estimated GHG Emission Reductions and Carbon Dioxide Removals ...................... 60
5 MONITORING .................................................................................................... 66
5.1 Data and Parameters Available at Validation ............................................................ 66
5.2 Data and Parameters Monitored ................................................................................... 76
5.3 Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................................. 95
APPENDIX 1: COMMERCIALLY SENSITIVE INFORMATION.... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT

DEFINED.
APPENDIX X: <TITLE OF APPENDIX> ..................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

1 PROJECT DETAILS
1.1 Summary Description of the Project
The proposed project activity has the objective to capture, flare and generate electricity through the use
of landfill gas (LFG)1 produced in anaerobic conditions into the landfill called “CTR Metropolitana Landfill”
(hereinafter referred to as “CTR Metropolitana Landfill”) located in the city of Pilar in the state of Alagoas,
Brazil. The landfill started the operation on May 2015, receiving solid waste (type Class II-A Inert and
Class II-B Non-inert)2.
The project activity results in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction from the CTR Metropolitana landfill
through two ways:
i. Burning CH4 in flares and/or group generators;
The amount of electricity generated in the project activity is dispatched to the Brazilian
Interconnected Electrical System (SIN), avoiding the dispatch of an equal amount of energy
produced by fossil-fuelled thermal plants to that grid. The initiative avoids CO 2 emissions and
contributes to the regional and national sustainable development.
Prior to the implementation of the project activity, the scenario for (i) LFG destruction is the partial
released to atmosphere through the exiting LFG passive capture system and partial and intermittent LFG
combustion in gas wells. Regarding the (ii) electricity generation, the baseline scenario is the generation
in existing and/or new grid-connected power plants.
The baseline scenario is the scenario existing prior to the implementation of the project activity.
The project activity aims to capture and to flare the LFG and to generate electricity through the
implementation of a power generation plant using LFG. The generation installed capacity during the first
crediting period will be equal to 3.71 MW.
The estimate of:

• Annual average is 95,401 tCO2e.
• Total GHG emission reduction is 667,809 tCO2e.
1 The gas is generated by the decomposition of waste in a

solid waste disposal sites (SWDS). LFG is mainly composed of methane,
carbon dioxide and small fractions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.
2 According to definition of the Brazilian Association of Technical Norms (ABNT NBR 10004)
https://analiticaqmcresiduos.paginas.ufsc.br/files/2014/07/Nbr-10004-2004-Classificacao-De-Residuos-Solidos.pdf
VCS Project Description Template, v4.3
The project constructed an efficient capture, collection and flaring system to burn CH 4 (a greenhouse
gas), and this reduced odours and adverse environmental impacts. Moreover, it installs generators that
combusts the LFG to produce electricity, using part of the electricity for self-consumption and the other
part is exported to the grid. The flares are kept in operation due to LFG excess, periods when electricity
is not be produced or other operational considerations. The LFG power plant has 3.71 MW installed
capacity.
The LFG capture and collection systems and flaring station consists of a LFG pipeline grid and a flaring
station, equipped with one open flare, centrifugal blowers, and all other supporting mechanical and
electrical subsystems and appurtenances necessary to run the system. The power generation facility
comprises of LFG engine generator sets of high-performance standards. The engine-generator sets are
the primary equipment to combust the collected LFG once they are installed. A fraction of the collected
LFG is diverted to flares, which is used to combust any gas in excess of the fuel demand for the engines,
as well as a contingency backup.
The lifetime of the project is expected to be 25 years since the starting operation, according to technical
study3. The equipment that is installed in the project site is all new.
ALAGOAS AMBIENTAL S/A is the company responsible for the implementation and operation of the CTR
Metropolitana landfill and, also, it is responsible, since May 2015, for disposal of solid waste in region of
Pilar city. Also, the company (Propoject Poponent) is responsible for the implementation of the project
activity, including:
• Registry account management

• Project activity monitoring
• Collection, transportation, flaring systems
• Electricity generation
• Carbon credit ownership
Environmental Licenses:
• The landfill received Operating License n° 2021.07061152551 issued by the Environment

Institute of the Alagoas State (IMA/AL), dated of 08/03/2023 and valid until 07/06/2027.
3 Based on Article from ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY “Landfill-Gas-to-Energy Projects: Analysis of Net Private and
Social Benefits”, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Carnegie Mellon University.
5
The power project plant received Operating License n° 2022.11031236878 issued by the Environment
1.2 Audit History
Audit type Period Program Validation/verification Number of

body name years
Validation/ xxx VCS xxx One year

verification
1.3 Sectoral Scope and Project Type
Sectoral scope4 13: Waste handling and disposal

Project activity type Waste handling and disposal – VCS proposed Project
1.4 Project Eligibility
General eligibility
• The Project is being quantified using the approved CDM methodology: ACM0001 Flaring or Use
of Landfill Gas (version 19.0)5 (the “Methodology”).
• The Project is eligible under the VCS Program as it meets all requirements set out in Section 3.1
of the VCS Standard6 (version 4.6, 21-March-2024).
• The project start date is 10/08/2022 7 and according to VCS Standard, version 4.6 – item 3.8.1,
the project shall complete validation within two years of the project start date. It is foreseen that
the complete validation will finish up to 31/07/2024, which is within the requirement deadline.
AFOLU project eligibility

Not applicable, since the project is a landfill (ACM0001).
4 Projects, activities, or methodologies may be developed under any of the 16 VCS sectoral scopes:
https://verra.org/programs/verified-carbon-standard/vcs-program-details/#sectoral-scopes
5 https://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/HEJ2MD41GB0PUZISL9FNTAYQV3875O
6 https://verra.org/documents/vcs-standard-v4-6/
7 According to VCS Standard, version 4.6 – item 3.8 (Concept), the project start date of a non-AFOLU project is the date on
which the project began generating GHG emission reductions or carbon dioxide removals. In this project activity case, it is when
the 1st group generator started its commercial operation on 10/08/2022.
6
Transfer project eligibility

Not applicable, since it is neither a transfer project nor CPAs seeking registration.
1.5 Project Design

☒ Single location or installation
☐ Multiple locations or project activity instances (but not a grouped project)
☐ Grouped project
Grouped project design
Not applicable since the proposed project does not consist in a grouped project.
1.6 Project Proponent
Organization name ALAGOAS AMBIENTAL S/A
Contact person Luciano Barros
Title Mr.
Address Fazenda Cachoeira do Imburi S/N, Zona Rural, Pilar (city), Alagoas
(State), Brazil (country).
Zip Code: 57150- 000
Telephone + 55 (82) 9 9382-4602
Email luciano.barros@ambientispar.com.br
1.7 Other Entities Involved in the Project

Provide contact information and roles/responsibilities for any other entities involved in the
development of the project. Copy and paste the table as needed.
Organization name BENG ENGENHARIA LTDA.
Role in the project Consultancy
Contact person João Sprovieri
Title Mr.
Address Rua Fradique Coutinho, 532|Zip Code: 05416-010|São Paulo-SP/Brazil
7
Telephone +55 (11) 2614 9383
Email joao.sprovieri@beng.eng.br
1.8 Ownership
ALAGOAS AMBIENTAL S/A is the company responsible for the implementation and operation of the CTR
Metropolitana landfill and, also, it is responsible, since May 2015, for disposal of solid waste in region of
Pilar (city), Alagoas (state), Brazil (country). The company (Propoject Poponent) is also responsible for the
implementation of the project activity, including:
• Registry account management

• Project activity monitoring
• Collection, transportation, flaring systems
• Electricity generation
• Carbon credit ownership
Considering the landfill design, it has the capacity to receive 12,281,744 tons of waste up to December
2057.
1.9 Project Start Date
Project start date 10-August-2022
Justification Initial commercial operation of 1 st Group Generator
Table 1 – Milestones of the project
Date Milestones
10/08/2022 Initial commercial operation of 1 st Group Generator
18/07/2023 Initial commercial operation of 2 nd Group Generator
14/05/2024* Stakeholder consultation meeting
31/07/2024* Complete validation process8
01/06/2025* Initial commercial operation of 3 rd Group Generator
* Estimated date
8 According to Paragraph 3.8.1 from VCS Standard, projects shall complete validation within two years of the project start date
(10/08/2022). Thus, the landfill project must complete validation stage until 10/08/2024 (deadline).
8
1.10 Project Crediting Period
Crediting period ☒ Seven years, twice renewable
☐ Ten years, fixed
☐ Other (state the selected crediting period and justify how it

conforms with the VCS Program requirements)
Start and end date of 10-August-2022 to 09-August-2029

first or fixed crediting
period
1.11 Project Scale and Estimated GHG Emission Reductions or Removals

Indicate the estimated annual GHG emission reductions/removals (ERRs) of the project:
☒ < 300,000 tCO2e/year (project)

☐ ≥ 300,000 tCO2e/year (large project)
Estimated GHG emission reductions or removals

Calendar year of crediting period
(tCO 2e)
2022* 32,095
2023 86,030
2024 90,333
2025 94,777
2026 98,497
2027 100,562
2028 102,437
2029* 63,078
Total estimated ERRs during the 667,809

first or fixed crediting period
Total number of years 7
Average annual ERRs 95,401

*10/08/2022 to 31/12/2022
**01/01/2029 to 09/08/2029
9
1.12 Description of the Project Activity
The proposed project activity has the objective to capture, flare and generate electricity through the use
of landfill gas (LFG)9 produced in anaerobic conditions into the landfill called “CTR Metropolitana Landfill”
(hereinafter referred to as “CTR Metropolitana Landfill”) located in the city of Pilar in the state of Alagoas,
Brazil. The landfill started the operation on May 2015, receiving solid waste.
The project activity results in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction from the CTR Metropolitana landfill
through two ways:
i. Burning CH4 in flares and/or group generators;
The amount of electricity generated in the project activity is dispatched to the Brazilian
Interconnected Electrical System (SIN), avoiding the dispatch of an equal amount of energy
produced by fossil-fuelled thermal plants to that grid. The initiative avoids CO 2 emissions and
contributes to the regional and national sustainable development.
Prior to the implementation of the project activity, the scenario for (i) LFG destruction is the partial
released to atmosphere through the exiting LFG passive capture system and partial and intermittent LFG
combustion in gas wells. Regarding the (ii) electricity generation, the baseline scenario is the generation
in existing and/or new grid-connected power plants.
The baseline scenario is the scenario existing prior to the implementation of the project activity.
According to the design project, the landfill is operated under anaerobic conditions adopting the following
conditions:
• Landfill surface every day covered.
• Mechanical compacting.
• Leveling of the waste.
In the project activity, the used technology is the improvement of LFG collection and burning produced in
the landfill, through the installation of an active recovery system composed for:
• Collection system
• LFG transport pipeline system
• Blowering System
• Flare system
9 The gas is generated by the decomposition of waste in a

solid waste disposal sites (SWDS). LFG is mainly composed of methane,
carbon dioxide and small fractions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.
10
• A power generation plant.
Collection system
The LFG collection infrastructure of landfill is based in vertical drains. Those elements are connected to
a collection pipe that accomplishes the transport of gas to control stations (manifolds), used to control
the drains loss of load.
Figure 1 – Control Stations (manifolds)
CTR Metropolitana landfill installed and improved drains directly in the landfill. A covering layer was
installed around the drains to avoid the exhaust gases.
The drains are constructed with galvanized screens with an internal diameter of 1.0 m, filled with large-
size crushed stone with a diameter of 30 cm and a 160 mm perforated HDPE tube centered in the drain.
The top of the existing and new vertical drains are equipped with headstocks. This element is important
because it makes the connection between the drain and pipe collection. The headstocks are made of
High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or similar. In the body of the head, a derivation of HDPE or similar is
installed and attached to a butterfly valve which is connected to a hose of HDPE or similar, which is finally
connected to the tubing of collection.
The collection pipe is built using HDPE or similar. The sizing of the piping is done considering the
maximum production of landfill gas that can reach taking account the stability of the landfill. Activities
are intense welding tubing to connect each station of the adjustment. The pipe is covered with materials
that do not pose any possibility of damage to the material.
11
Removers of condensate are provided to drain humidity from the LFG. These removers are constructed
at points of lower elevation of the tubing and collection stations, located before the adjustment. The
condensate removed is returned to the landfill, through pumps installed at the base of the removers.
Figure 2 – Removers of condensate
All drains are connected to the adjustment of station located around the landfill, through the collection
pipes. The basic functions of the stations is promote the systematic control and monitoring of the
characteristics of LFG extracted. Each station has an adjustment of additional condensate remover,
valves and regulating valves-drawer.
LFG transport pipe system
The transport pipe is the last step of the collecting system. It is transport the collected LFG to the
electricity generation plant and open flare. The transport pipeline is connected to all gas regulation
stations around the landfill.
12
Figure 3 – LFG transport pipe system
Blowering System
The blowering system is responsible to give negative pressure to the landfill, blowing the gas to the
pipeline. The dimensioning of the blowers depends on flow of the landfill gas.
Figure 4 – Blower system
13
In order to preserve the operation of the blowers, a dewatering system is installed to remove the
condensate. This equipment is a single knock-out dewatering component.
Flare System
The destruction of the methane content in the LFG collected is made via open flare.
Figure 5 – Open flare
The collection of gas within the landfill is made by applying a pressure differential in each drain. The
depressurization system is composed of a group of centrifugal multi-stage blowers, connected in parallel
with the central collector. The depressurization of the system depends on the pressure of operation of
flares.
The LFG station has, even a system of destruction of methane through flares. This system is composed
initially by 1 open flare and can get other units, according to the generation of gas. The flare is constructed
in a vertical cylindrical combustion chamber, where the LFG is burned at a constant temperature,
controlled by the admission of air, and with a minimum residence time.
Power generation plant
The power generation system is comprised of 3.71 MW. The electricity generated by the project is
dispatched to the grid (Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System - SIN). The electricity generated by the
Project is used for self-consumption at the landfill and the surplus, exported to the electricity grid. The
configuration of the equipment was chosen in accordance with the availability of the generation
14
equipment on the market at the time of actual implementation which could have a slightly difference in
the installed nameplate capacity of the group generators. However, the final installed capacity will remain
below 10.00 MW during the entire lifetime of the project activity.
The lifetime of the power generation plant is expected to be 25 years since the starting operation,
according to technical study10.
This kind of technology is still not widely applied in Brazil. The publication named “Reducing the
uncertainty of methane recovered (R) in greenhouse gas inventories from waste sector and of adjustment
factor (AF) in landfill gas projects under the Clean Development Mechanism 11” states that:
“…all of Brazilian landfills with collection and destruction system (active system) are
implemented projects under the CDM…”.
Additionally, the PP carried out a survey in order to verify the existence of any landfill in Brazil with LFG
collection and destruction active system not registered as a CDM Project and/or Voluntary Carbon
Project. The result of this survey concludes that there are no similar project activities developed without
carbon credits benefits.
Very few landfills have already installed equipment for flaring and combustion LFG. Therefore, the
company needs engineers and other specialists with experience in this area to advice the company while
operating the project. These professionals are also train local operators and engineers on operations and
maintenance of the facilities.
Figure 6 – Power generation diagram
10Based on Article from ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY “Landfill-Gas-to-Energy Projects: Analysis of Net Private
and Social Benefits”, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Carnegie Mellon University
11 Source: MAGALHÃES, G.HC.; ALVES, J.W.S.; SANTO FILHO, F.; COSTA, R.M.; KELSON. M. Reducing the uncertainty of methane
recovered (R) in greenhouse gas inventories from waste sector and of adjustment factor (AF) in landfill gas projects under
the clean development mechanism. Page 174. (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-15901-0_12),
accessed on 15/02/2024.
15
It is important to clarify that, since the electricity generation for this project activity is under Distributed
Generation category (Law 14.300 dated of 06/01/2022 12), there is no need for an authorization to
generate electricity by Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL).
Figure 7 – LFG Plant and Power Generation Plant
The estimated number of group generators and the expected output is shown on the table below:
Table 2 - Electricity generation schedule
Net electricity
Number of engines Installed capacity
Year generated in the
installed (unit) (MW)[1]
plant (MWh)[2]
2022 1 1.4313 11,892
2023 2 2.5714 21,388
2024 2 2.5713 21,388
12 https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2022/lei/l14300.htm , access on 15/02/2024.
13 1 Grupo Generator (GG) of 1.429 MW

14 1 GG of 1.429 MW + 1 GG of 1.141 MW, totaling 2,570 MW
16
2025 3 3.7115 30,883
2026 3 3.7114 30,883
2027 3 3.7114 30,883
2028 3 3.71 30,883
2029 3 3.71 30,883
[1] Definition of net capacity is the maximum capacity at the plant minus the
amount of electricity that is consumed by the plant.
[2] The estimated plant load factor is 95%.
The only equipment in operation under the existing scenario prior to the implementation of the project
activity are the vertical drains which venting the LFG through passive LFG capture system. For active
capture system, these existing vertical drains are improved to increase the LFG capture efficiency,
according to described above.
The baseline scenario is the same scenario of the scenario existing prior to the implementation of the
project activity.
The electricity meter works in a bi-directional metering, providing the net electricity dispatched to the grid.
The location of the transmission line is inside the landfill plant area.
The load factor is 95% based on manufacturer’s specification.
Technology has to come from the Europe and USA. Hence, technology transfer occurs from countries with
strict environmental legislative requirements and environmentally sound technologies.
The technology for LFG collection, flaring and power generation can be considered state of art in the
Brazilian Sanitation context, because all equipment involved has the highest level of development, and
the technology used to combust LFG to produce electricity is not a usual business practice in Brazil.
Monitoring system:
The process is controlled by an electrical control system equipped with a Programmable Logical Controller
(PLC). All details related to monitoring of the project activity are provided in section 5.3 of this document.
15 1 GG of 1.429 MW + 2 GG of 1.141 MW, totaling 3.711 MW
17
1.13 Project Location
CTR Metropolitana landfill is located at Fazenda Cachoeira do Imburi S/N, Zona Rural - Zip Code: 57150-
000, Pilar (city), Alagoas (State), Brazil (country).
Physical/Geographical location:
• Geo-coordinates: Latitude: 09°33'51.3” S and Longitude: 35°56'08.9” W

• Decimal coordinates: Latitude: -9.564250°; Longitude: -35.935806°
Figure 8 – Geographical position of Pilar (city), Alagoas (state), Brazil (country)
Source: IBGE (https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/al/pilar/panorama)
18
Figure 9 – Aerial view of CTR Metropolitana landfill
Source: Google Earth
1.14 Conditions Prior to Project Initiation
Prior to the implementation of the project activity, the scenario for:
i. LFG destruction is the partial released to atmosphere through the exiting LFG passive
capture system and partial and intermittent LFG combustion in gas wells.
ii. Electricity is generated in the grid by a mix of sources (including fossil fuels plants which
compose of Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System - SIN).
In landfill, the only equipment in operation under the existing scenario prior to the implementation of the
project activity are the vertical drains which venting the LFG through passive LFG capture system.
19
Figure 10 – Vertical drain releasing LFG to atmosphere.
The baseline scenario is the same scenario of the scenario existing prior to the implementation of the
project activity.
1.15 Compliance with Laws, Statutes and Other Regulatory Frameworks
In Brazil, there are no policies regarding mandatory LFG capture or destruction requirements neither local
environmental regulations nor policies which promote the productive use of LFG such as those for the
production of renewable energy and processing of organic waste.
Brazil's New National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP) 16, ratified by the President on 02/08/2010 after 19
years under discussion was approved. The NSWP does not foresee either the obligation of landfill gas
destruction or the promotion of the landfill gas use such as those for the production of renewable energy
and/or processing of organic waste. And there is not forecast to approve any regulation or policy in the
next years with this requirement.
16 https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2010/lei/l12305.htm, accessed on 09/04/2024
20
The Law and regulation applicable for the electricity generation component under Distributed Generation
category is Law 14.300 dated of 06/01/2022 17, there is no need for an authorization to generate
electricity by Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL).
Environmental Licenses:
• The landfill received Operating License n° 2021.07061152551 issued by the Environment

• The power project plant received Operating License n° 2022.11031236878 issued by the
Environment Institute of the Alagoas State (IMA/AL), dated of 08/03/2023 and valid until
11/03/2028.
1.16 Double Counting and Participation under Other GHG Programs
No Double Issuance
Is the project receiving or seeking credit for reductions and removals from a project activity
under another GHG program?
☐ Yes ☒ No
Registration in Other GHG Programs
Is the project registered or seeking registration under any other GHG programs?
☐ Yes ☒ No
Projects Rejected by Other GHG Programs
Has the project been rejected by any other GHG programs?

☐ Yes ☒ No
1.17 Double Claiming, Other Forms of Credit, and Scope 3 Emissions
No Double Claiming with Emissions Trading Programs or Binding Emission Limits
Are project reductions and removals or project activities also included in an emissions trading
program or binding emission limit? See the VCS Program Definitions for definitions of
emissions trading program and binding emission limit.
17 https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2022/lei/l14300.htm , access on 15/02/2024.
21
☐ Yes ☒ No
No Double Claiming with Other Forms of Environmental Credit
Has the project activity sought, received, or is planning to receive credit from another GHG-
related environmental credit system? See the VCS Program Definitions for definition of GHG-
related environmental credit system.
☐ Yes ☒ No
Supply Chain (Scope 3) Emissions
Do the project activities specified in Section 0 affect the emissions footprint of any product(s)
(goods or services) that are part of a supply chain?
☐ Yes ☒ No
1.18 Sustainable Development Contributions
Brazil has adhered to the Sustainable Development goals, which has 17 objectives and 169 targets which
seek to achieve a balanced and integrated development across economic, social and environmental
dimensions18.
The project contributes to the Brazilian targets by those means:
SDG ESTIMATED ANNUAL UNITS OR

SDG IMPACT
TARGETED AVERAGE PRODUCTS
13 Climate
Yearly emission reductions 95,401 tCO2e/year
Action
Number of people from local community
4 Quality attending company's socioenvironmental
Education activities events. Based on monthly attendance 100 people/year
list and/or monthly activities reports
18 https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/brazil , accessed on 09/04/2024.
22
Active Policies to empower women to develop

3
their unique leadership abilities through diverse Women in
5 Gender (The team of the
monthly events and activities, especially since in leadership
Equality project is composed by
Brazil the Waste Management Sector is male positions
majority of women)
dominated.
Leachate treatment plant composed by reverse
6 Clean osmosis processes, avoiding the use of potable
Water and water for non-noble usages, such as wetting the At least 100,000 m³/year
Sanitation roads inside the landfill due to the amount of
dust.
7
Affordable Amount of electricity generated using LFG by the
30,883 MWh/year
and clean project activity in year y
energy
8 Decent
Work and
Increased employment opportunities At least 5 Employees
Economic
Growth
1.19 Additional Information Relevant to the Project
Leakage Management
The project activity is not known to create any leakage emissions. Therefore, no leakage effects are
accounted for under this methodology and no leakage management plan is required.
Commercially Sensitive Information

No commercially sensitive information has been excluded from this PD.
Further Information
No further information to add.
23
2 SAFEGUARDS AND STAKEHOLDER

ENGAGEMENT
2.1 Stakeholder Engagement and Consultation
Stakeholder Identification
Use the table below to describe the stakeholder identification process. Where the rows do not
apply, provide justification in the cell in the table below.
Stakeholder Describe the process(es) used to identify stakeholders likely

Identification impacted by the project. List the stakeholders identified.
Legal or customary Describe any legal or customary tenure/access rights to territories

tenure/access rights and resources, including collective and conflicting rights, held by
stakeholders, indigenous people (IPs), local communities (LCs),
and customary rights holders.
Stakeholder diversity Describe the social, economic, and cultural diversity within
and changes over time stakeholder groups, the differences and interactions between the
stakeholder groups, and any changes in the make-up of each
group over time.
Expected changes in Describe the expected changes in well-being and other stakeholder
well-being characteristics relative to the baseline scenario, including changes
to ecosystem services identified as important to stakeholders;
Location of Describe the location of stakeholders, IPs, LCs, and customary

stakeholders rights holders, and areas outside the project area that are
predicted to be impacted by the project.
Location of resources Describe the location of territories and resources which

stakeholders own or to which they have customary access.
Stakeholder Consultation and Ongoing Communication
Use the table below to describe the process for and the outcomes from the stakeholder
consultation conducted prior to project initiation.
24
Date of stakeholder DD-Month-YYYY

consultation
Stakeholder Describe the process to engage stakeholders in a culturally

engagement process appropriate manner (e.g., dates of announcements or meetings,
language and gender sensitivity). Describe the process or methods
used to document the outcomes.
Consultation outcome Summarize the discussion around consent to project design and
implementation, risks, costs and benefits of the project, all
relevant laws and regulations covering workers’ rights in the host
country, the discussion of FPIC and the VCS validation and
verification process.
Ongoing Describe the mechanisms for ongoing communication with

communication stakeholders.
Stakeholder input Describe how due account was taken of all input received during
the consultation. Include details on any updates to the project
design or justify why updates were not necessary or appropriate.
Free Prior and Informed Consent

Use the table below to describe the outcome of the FPIC process as part of the stakeholder
consultation process.
Obtaining consent Describe and demonstrate how consent to implement the project
activities was obtained from those concerned, including IPs, LCs,
and customary rights holders, and a transparent agreement was
reached. Describe any ongoing or unresolved conflicts and
demonstrate that the project does not exacerbate nor influence
the outcomes of unresolved conflicts.
Outcome of FPIC Describe the outcome of the FPIC process, the transparent
agreement, and the information disclosed prior to establishing a
transparent agreement with those concerned, IPs, LCs, and
customary rights holders. Provide assurance that the project has
not encroached on land, relocated people without consent, and
forced physical or economic displacement.
Grievance Redress Procedure

Use the table below to describe the grievance redress procedures developed to resolve any
conflicts which may arise between the project proponent and stakeholders.
25
Development process Describe the process used to develop the grievance redress
procedure including processes for receiving, hearing, responding
and attempting to resolve grievances within a reasonable time
period, taking into account culturally appropriate conflict
resolution methods.
Grievance redress Describe the grievance redress procedures developed with

procedure stakeholders.
Public Comments
Summarize any public comments submitted during the public comment period and any
comments received after the public comment period. Demonstrate how due account was taken
of all comments received. Include details on when the comments were received, and any
updates to the project design or demonstrate the insignificance or irrelevance of comments.
Comments received Actions taken
Summary of comment received Provide a summary of actions taken and any

project design updates or justify why updates
were not necessary or appropriate.
… ….
2.2 Risks to Stakeholders and the Environment

Use the table below describe the risk assessment and outcome of the potential risks to
stakeholders and the environment. Describe the mitigation or preventative measure in place to
prevent or mitigate the risk. Where no risk is identified, write “No risk identified” in the first
column, and provide justification in the second column.
Risks identified Mitigation or preventative

measure taken
Risks to stakeholder
participation
Working conditions
Safety of women and
girls
Safety of minority
and marginalized
26
groups, including
children
Pollutants (air, noise,
discharges to water,
generation of waste,
release of hazardous
materials)
2.3 Respect for Human Rights and Equity
Labor and Work

Use the table below to demonstrate the project’s respect for rights related to work and labor.
Discrimination and
Demonstrate that no discrimination or sexual harassment has
sexual harassment
occurred or will occur.
Management
Demonstrate that management teams have expertise or experience in
experience
implementing similar project activities and engaging communities.
Where relevant experience is lacking, demonstrate how the project
proponent has partnered with other organizations to support the
project or have a recruitment strategy to fill the identified gaps.
Gender equity in Demonstrate that equal opportunities have been or will be provided in
labor and work the context of gender equity and pay for labor and work.
Human trafficking, Demonstrate that the project does not and will not use victims of
forced labor, and human trafficking, forced labor, and child labor.
child labor
Human Rights
Demonstrate how the project recognizes, respects, and promotes the protection of the rights of
IPs, LCs, and customary rights holders in line with applicable international human rights law,
and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and ILO Convention
169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples.
Indigenous Peoples and Cultural Heritage

Demonstrate that the project preserves and protects cultural heritage as part of project
activities.
Property Rights
Using the table below, describe the property rights of IPs, LCs, and customary rights holders
and demonstrate respect of such rights.
27
Rights to territories Describe any legal or customary tenure/access rights to territories,

and resources property, and resources, including collective and/or conflicting rights,
held by stakeholders.
Respect for Describe the measures implemented to protect and preserve the
property rights property rights of IPs, LCs, and customary rights holders.
Benefit Sharing
Where the project impacts property rights as described in Section 2.4.4 above, use the table
below to describe the project’s benefit sharing agreement.
Process used to Describe the process used to develop the benefit-sharing agreement
design the benefit with the affected stakeholder groups.
sharing plan
Summary of the Describe the benefit-sharing agreement. Where affected stakeholder

benefit sharing groups wish to keep elements of the plan private, provide the full
plan arrangement as a commercially sensitive document. The project
proponent shall demonstrate that the community wishes to keep this
information private.
Approval and Demonstrate that the benefit- sharing agreement was agreed up on by
dissemination of the affected stakeholder groups, and that the agreement was shared
benefit sharing in a culturally appropriate manner. Demonstrate that the agreement is
plan readily accessible should stakeholders wish to review the agreement.
2.4 Ecosystem Health

Identify and summarize any risks to the environment and the steps taken to mitigate
them. Where no risk is identified, write "No risk identified” in the first column, and provide
justification in the second column.
Risks identified Mitigation or preventative

measure taken
Impacts on biodiversity
and ecosystems
Soil degradation and soil
erosion
28
Water consumption and

stress
Usage of fertilizers
Rare, Threatened, and Endangered species

Is the project located in or adjacent to habitats for rare, threatened, or endangered species?
☐ Yes ☐ No
If yes, list such species and habitats in the table below and provide evidence that the project
will not adversely impact these areas.
Species and habitat Demonstrate that the project will not adversely impact
habitats for rare, threatened, or endangered species.
… …
Introduction of species
Demonstrate, using the table below, that no invasive species will be used as part of project
activities. Categorize each species as native, non-native, and indicate if the species is a mono-
culture. Where the species is non-native include an explanation of possible adverse effects of
its usage, and a description of how the project will mitigate such risks. This table is not
required for projects with no planting or species introduction; this section may be indicated as
N/A.
Species introduced Classification Justification for use Adverse effects and

mitigation
Where invasive species exist in the project area, list such species in the table below and
demonstrate that the project activity will not allow the species to thrive.
Existing invasive species Mitigation measures to prevent spread or continued

existence of invasive species
Ecosystem conversion
29
ARR, ALM, WRC or ACoGS projects shall provide evidence that the project area was not cleared
or drained of existing natural ecosystems, unless such clearing took place at least 10 years
prior, or the dominant land cover was invasive.
3 APPLICATION OF METHODOLOGY
3.1 Title and Reference of Methodology
Type
Reference ID,
(methodology, Title Version
if applicable
tool or module).
Methodology ACM000119 Flaring or use of landfill gas 19.0
Combined tool to identify the baseline scenario

Tool TOOL0220 07.0
and demonstrate additionality
Tool TOOL0421 Emissions from solid waste disposal sites 08.0
Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions

Tool TOOL0522 from electricity consumption and monitoring of 03.0
electricity generation
Tool TOOL0623 Project emissions from flaring 03.0
Tool to calculate the emission factor for an

Tool TOOL0724 07.0
electricity system
Tool to determine the mass flow of a

Tool TOOL0825 03.0
greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream
19 https://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/DB/JPYB4DYQUXQPZLBDVPHA87479EMY9M
20 https://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/PAmethodologies/tools/am-tool-02-v7.0.pdf
30
Determining the baseline efficiency of thermal

Tool TOOL0926 02.0
or electric energy generation systems
Tool to determine the remaining lifetime of

Tool TOOL1027 01
equipment
Project and leakage emissions from

Tool TOOL1228 01.1.0
transportation of freight
Tool TOOL3229 Positive lists of technologies 02.0
3.2 Applicability of Methodology
Methodology ID Applicability condition Justification of compliance
ACM0001 This methodology applies to project This methodology is applied to

activities that include the destruction of the project activity since the CH4
methane emissions and displacement is destructed in flare and groups
of a more-GHG-intensive service by generators and there is a
capturing landfill gas from the landfill displacement of CO2 by capturing
site and/or flaring and/or using to landfill gas from the landfill site
produce energy (i.e. electricity, thermal used to generate electricity to the
energy); and/or using to supply grid. Also, this methodology is
consumers through natural gas applicable because it is installed
distribution network, dedicated pipeline a new LFG capture system in an
or trucks. existing SWDS where no LFG
capture system is installed prior
to the implementation of the
project activity (there is only in
the SWDS a passive system
where the LFG is released to
atmosphere through drained
wells).
TOOL02 This tool is applicable to all types of This tool is applicable to present
proposed project activities. However, in all alternative scenarios
27 https://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/PAmethodologies/tools/am-tool-10-v1.pdf
28 https://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/PAmethodologies/tools/am-tool-12-v1.1.0.pdf
31
some cases, methodologies referring to identified as realistic and credible

this tool may require adjustments or to the project activity.
additional explanations as per the
guidance in the respective
methodologies. This could include, inter
alia, a listing of relevant alternative
scenarios that should be considered in
Step 1, any relevant types of barriers
other than those presented in this tool
and guidance on how common practice
should be established.
TOOL03 This tool provides procedures to This tool is applicable due to the
calculate project and/or leakage CO2 consumption of fossil fuel by the
emissions from the combustion of fossil project activity. The applicability
fuels. It can be used in cases where CO2 condition of the methodological
emissions from fossil fuel combustion tool is thus met.
are calculated based on the quantity of
fuel combusted and its properties.
Methodologies using this tool should
specify to which combustion process j
this tool is being applied.
TOOL04 This tool can be used to determine This methodology is applicable to

emissions for the following types of the project activity because the
applications: project activity mitigates
methane emissions from a
(a) Application A: The CDM project
specific existing SWDS. In the
activity mitigates methane emissions
project activity, methane
from a specific existing SWDS. Methane
emissions are mitigated by
emissions are mitigated by capturing
capturing and flaring or
and flaring or combusting the methane
combusting the methane
(e.g. “ACM0001: Flaring or use of landfill
(ACM0001: Flaring or use of
gas”). The methane is generated from
landfill gas). The methane is
waste disposed in the past, including
generated from MSW that was
prior to the start of the CDM project
disposed in the past in the SWDS,
activity. In these cases, the tool is only
including prior to the start of the
applied for an ex-ante estimation of
project activity. Thus, the
emissions in the project design
alternative Application A) is used
document (CDM-PDD). The emissions
to calculate ex-ante estimation of
will then be monitored during the
emissions.
crediting period using the applicable
approaches in the relevant
32
methodologies (e.g. measuring the

amount of methane captured from the
SWDS);
(b) Application B: The CDM project

activity avoids or involves the disposal of
waste at a SWDS. An example of this
application of the tool is ACM0022, in
which municipal solid waste (MSW) is
treated with an alternative option, such
as composting or anaerobic digestion,
and is then prevented from being
disposed of in a SWDS. The methane is
generated from waste disposed or
avoided from disposal during the
crediting period. In these cases, the tool
can be applied for both ex ante and ex
post estimation of emissions. These
project activities may apply the
simplified approach detailed in 0 when
calculating baseline emissions.
In the case that: (a) different types of

residual waste are disposed or
prevented from disposal; or that (b) both
MSW and residual waste(s) are
prevented from disposal, then the tool
should be applied separately to each
residual waste and to the MSW.
TOOL05 If emissions are calculated for electricity This tool is applicable according
consumption, the tool is only applicable to Scenarios A and B, since the
if one out of the following three project activity includes electricity
scenarios applies to the sources of consumption from the grid when
electricity consumption: LFG power plant is not
operational and electricity
(a) Scenario A: Electricity consumption
consumption from the diesel
from the grid. The electricity is
generator (fossil fuel fired captive
purchased from the grid only, and either
power plant is not connected to
no captive power plant(s) is/are
the electricity grid) when
installed at the site of electricity
electricity from the grid is not
consumption or, if any captive power
available.
plant exists on site, it is either not
33
operating or it is not physically able to

provide electricity to the electricity
consumer; Also, Scenario I is applicable
since the project activity includes
(b) Scenario B: Electricity consumption
electricity generation to the grid.
from (an) off-grid fossil fuel fired captive
power plant(s). One or more fossil fuel
fired captive power plants are installed
at the site of the electricity consumer
and supply the consumer with electricity.
The captive power plant(s) is/are not
connected to the electricity grid; or;
(c) Scenario C: Electricity consumption

from the grid and (a) fossil fuel fired
captive power plant(s). One or more
fossil fuel fired captive power plants
operate at the site of the electricity
consumer. The captive power plant(s)
can provide electricity to the electricity
consumer. The captive power plant(s)
is/are also connected to the electricity
grid. Hence, the electricity consumer
can be provided with electricity from the
captive power plant(s) and the grid.
This tool can be referred to in

methodologies to provide procedures to
monitor amount of electricity generated
in the project scenario, only if one out of
the following three project scenarios
applies to the recipient of the electricity
generated:
(a) Scenario I: Electricity is supplied to

the grid;
(b) Scenario II: Electricity is supplied to

consumers/electricity consuming
facilities; or
(c) Scenario III: Electricity is supplied to

the grid and consumers/electricity
consuming facilities.
34
TOOL06 This tool provides procedures to In the project activity there is an

calculate project emissions from flaring open flare installed.
of a residual gas. The tool is applicable to
enclosed or open flares and project
participants should document in the
CDM-PDD the type of flare used in the
project activity.
TOOL07 This tool may be applied to estimate the In the project activity there is
OM, BM and/or CM when calculating electricity generation through
baseline emissions for a project activity LFG.
that substitutes grid electricity that is
where a project activity supplies
electricity to a grid or a project activity
that results in savings of electricity that
would have been provided by the grid
(e.g. demand-side energy efficiency
projects).
TOOL08 Typical applications of this tool are The project activity is capturing
methodologies where the flow and and flaring and combusting the
composition of residual or flared gases methane. Thus, this tool is
or exhaust gases are measured for the applicable to the project activity
determination of baseline or project because the applicable
emissions. methodology (ACM0001)
demands measuring flow,
Methodologies where CO 2 is the
volumetric fraction and gas
particular and only gas of interest
composition of residual for the
should continue to adopt material
determination of baseline and
balances as the means of flow
project emissions.
determination and may not adopt this
tool as material balances are the cost- a) Methodological tool” Tool to
effective way of monitoring flow of CO 2. determine the mass flow of a
greenhouse gas in a gaseous
The underlying methodology should
stream” is applied in the PDD.
specify:
b) The mass flow is determined in
(a) The gaseous stream the tool should
the monitoring plan of the PDD.
be applied to;
c) The flow of the gaseous stream
(b) For which greenhouse gases the
is measured continuously.
mass flow should be determined.
d) The gaseous stream is dry,
equation (5) and (6) of this tool
35
are used to calculate the mass

(c) In which time intervals the flow of the
flow of greenhouse gas.
gaseous stream should be measured;
and The option chosen from this “Tool
to determine the mass flow of a
(d) Situations where the simplification
greenhouse gas in a gaseous
offered for calculating the molecular
stream” is option A). However,
mass of the gaseous stream (equations
during the project operational
(3) or (17)) is not valid (such as the
monitoring, if not demonstrated
gaseous stream is predominantly
that the temperature of the
composed of a gas other than N 2).
gaseous stream (Tt) is less than
60° C (dry basis), then the flow
measurement should be
assumed to be on a wet basis and
the option B is applied instead.
TOOL09 The tool describes various procedures to This tool is used only for the
determine the baseline efficiency of an purpose of estimating baseline
energy generation system, for the emissions. This tool is applicable
purpose of estimating baseline because the energy generation
emissions. The tool may be used in case system generates only electricity
of project activities that improve the (Applicability a).
energy efficiency of an existing system
For estimating the efficiency of
through retrofits or replacement of the
the energy generation system in
existing system by a new system.
the baseline scenario it is used
The tool provides different procedures to Option D (Use the manufacturer’s
determine the baseline efficiency of the efficiency values), since the
energy generation system: either a) a manufacturer does not provide
load-efficiency function is determined full load-efficiency functions or
which establishes the efficiency as a performance curves and no
function of the operating load of the retrofitting was done prior to
system or b) the efficiency is determined implementation of the project
conservatively as a constant value. that could have increased the
efficiency of the energy system.
In the project activity only new

This tool is applicable to energy
equipment is installed.
generation systems that:
(a) Generate only electricity (and no

thermal energy); or
(b) Produce only thermal energy (and no

electricity); or
36
(c) Produce both electricity and thermal

energy (cogeneration).
Also, the following conditions apply:
(a) The tool is applicable to waste heat

recovery systems to calculate efficiency
values using options (A) to (E) as
provided under paragraph below;
(b) The tool can be applied only if load is

the main operating parameter that
influences the efficiency of the energy
generation system. For cogeneration
systems, the heat to power ratio may
also be considered a main operating
parameter.
Methodologies referring to this tool

should specify for which energy
generation systems the tool is used and
whether a load-efficiency function
and/or a constant efficiency should be
determined.
TOOL10 This tool provides guidance to determine According to the applied

the remaining lifetime of baseline or methodology, section 5.2, item
project equipment. The tool may, for 17, the procedure for
example, be used for project activities determining the remaining
which involve the replacement of lifetime of existing equipment is
existing equipment with new equipment only applied if equipment used at
or which retrofit existing equipment as the project activity was installed
part of energy efficiency improvement prior to its implementation. In the
activities. case of this project activity, the
baseline scenario is that LFG
Methodologies referring to this tool
would be released to atmosphere
should clearly specify for which
or destructed in drained wells by
equipment the remaining lifetime should
passive venting to address safety
be determined. The remaining lifetime of
and odour concerns. The current
relevant equipment shall be determined
equipment has not installed prior
prior to the implementation of the
the implementation of project
project activity. Project participants
activity. Therefore, this tool is not
using this tool shall document
transparently in the CDM-PDD how the
37
remaining lifetime of applicable applicable in accordance with

equipment has been determined, applied methodology.
including (references to) all
documentation used.
Under this tool, impacts on the lifetime

of the equipment due to policies and
regulations (e.g. environmental
regulations) or changes in the services
needed (e.g. increased energy demand)
are not considered. Methodologies
referring to this tool shall, where
applicable, provide specific guidance on
how regulations that warrant the
replacement of the equipment before it
has reached the end of its technical
lifetime should be addressed.
This procedure applies if LFG is used in

equipment that was in operation prior to
the implementation of the project
activity.
TOOL12 This tool provides procedures to This tool is not applicable to this
estimate project or leakage CO 2 project activity since there is no
emissions from freight transportation. transportation of freight.
Two options are given to determine
these emissions:
(a) Option A: monitoring fuel

consumption; or
(b) Option B: using conservative default

values.
This tool is applicable to project

activities which involve freight
transportation by road and where
transportation is not the main project
activity30. This tool is not applicable to
project activities where transportation is
30 This applicability condition ensures that transport-related emissions are small relative to the expected total emission
reductions and, for this reason, enables to use a simplified approach to estimate project or leakage emissions from
transportation of freight.
38
the main source of greenhouse gases

emissions. This tool does not provide
procedures to estimate baseline
emissions from road transportation of
freight. The tool only provides to
determine CO2 emissions. CH4 and N2O
emissions are excluded for
simplification as they are small
compared to CO2 emissions.
In addition, the tool is applicable for the

determination of project or leakage
emissions from freight transportation by
rail in project activities where
transportation is not the main project
activity.
TOOL32 This methodological tool contains lists of This tool is applicable to the
technologies and associated conditions project activity since the LFG is
that confer automatic additionality to used to (a) generate electricity
CDM project activities and CDM PoAs and (c) flared in the open flare.
that apply such technologies and meet Thus, the additionality of the
specified conditions (hereinafter project activity is automatic.
referred to as positive lists).
The use of this methodological tool is not

mandatory for the project participants of
a CDM project activity or CDM PoA for
demonstrating their additionality.
This methodological tool shall be

applied in conjunction with a small-scale
or large-scale methodology which refers
to this tool.
The positive lists as contained in section

5 of this tool are valid up to 10 March
2025.
Section 5
When applying baseline and monitoring

methodologies that refer to this tool,
project activities and PoAs are deemed
automatically additional if they
39
exclusively apply the technologies listed

under this section and demonstrate that
they fulfil the related conditions
specified in the same section.
Section 5.1. Waste handling and

disposal
5.1.1. Landfill gas recovery and its

gainful use
The project activities and PoAs at new or

existing landfills (greenfield or
brownfield) are deemed automatically
additional, if it is demonstrated that
prior to the implementation of the
project activities and PoAs the landfill
gas (LFG) was only vented and/or flared
(in the case of brownfield projects) or
would have been only vented and/or
flared (in the case of greenfield projects)
but not utilized for energy generation,
and that under the project activities and
PoAs any of the following conditions are
met:
(a) The LFG is used to generate

electricity in one or several power plants
with a total nameplate capacity that
equals or is below 10 MW;
(b) The LFG is used to generate heat for

internal or external consumption;
(c) The LFG is flared.
3.3 Project Boundary
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
Emissions from CO2 emissions from decomposition of

Baseline
decomposition of organic waste are not accounted since the

CO2 No
waste at the CO2 is also released under the project
landfill site. activity
40
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
The major source of emissions in the

CH4 Yes
baseline
N2O emissions are small compared to CH 4

N 2O No
emissions from SWDS. This is conservative
Electricity may be consumed from the grid

CO2 Yes or generated onsite/offsite in the baseline
scenario
Emissions from
electricity Excluded for simplification. This is
CH4 No
consumption conservative.
Excluded for simplification. This is

N 2O No
conservative.
Emissions from There is fossil fuel consumption for

fossil fuel CO2 Yes purposes other than electricity
consumption for generation31.
purposes other
than electricity Excluded for simplification. This emission
CH4 No
generation or source is assumed to be very small.
transportation
due to the project Excluded for simplification. This emission
N 2O No source is assumed to be very small.
activity
Project
CO2 Yes May be an important emission source

Emissions from
electricity Excluded for simplification. This emission
CH4 No
consumption due source is assumed to be very small.
to the project
activity Excluded for simplification. This emission
N 2O No
source is assumed to be very small.
CO2 No Emissions are considered negligible

Emissions from
CH4 Yes May be an important emission source
flaring
N 2O No Emissions are considered negligible
The project boundary of the project activity is the site where the LFG is captured and used to generate
electricity which is dispatched to the grid (Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System - SIN).
31In the project activity, LFG is used to ignite the installed flare(s) (after events of planned or unplanned interruptions of
operation of the flare(s)).
41
Figure 11 – Flow diagram project boundary
3.4 Baseline Scenario
The Project consists of capturing the landfill gas extracted from CTR Metropolitana landfill and using it to
generate electricity and/or flaring the captured gas to avoid methane emissions to the atmosphere.
Prior to the implementation of the project activity, the landfill gas was released to the atmosphere and
electricity was generated in existing and/or new grid-connected power plants, other than the project
activity power plant. This is the baseline scenario identified for the project activity.
ACM0001 methodology provides two options to select the most plausible baseline scenario and
demonstrate additionality. The option consisting in applying the “Simplified procedures to identify the
baseline scenario and demonstrate additionality” is chosen. Under this option, the Positive Lists of
Technologies (TOOL32), paragraph 11 (a) is applicable.
The Project Activity aims at reducing GHG emissions in a landfill by implementing the following activities:
• Combustion of CH4 in flares;
42
• LFG use for electricity generation below or equal 10 MW installed capacity to be delivered to
Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System (SIN) and avoiding the dispatch of an equal amount of
energy produced by fossil-fuelled thermal plants to that grid.
The Project Activity meets the conditions of the Positive Lists of Technologies (paragraph 11 (a)) and is
automatically deemed additional. Therefore, in accordance with the methodology the identified baseline
scenario is:
• Regarding the destruction of LFG

The baseline scenario for LFG is assumed to be the atmospheric release of the LFG or capture
of LFG and destruction through flaring to comply with regulations or contractual requirements, to
address safety and odour concerns, or for other reasons.
• Regarding the gainful use of LFG (electricity exported to the grid)

The baseline scenario for all or the part of the electricity exported to the grid is assumed to be
electricity generation in existing and/or new grid-connected power plants.
3.5 Additionality
According to the section 5.3.1 of the methodology ACM0001, the project chooses simplified procedures
to demonstrate additionality. “TOOL32: Positive lists of technologies” is used to demonstrate
additionality.
5.1 Waste handling and disposal

5.1.1 Landfill gas recovery and its gainful use
The project activities and PoAs at new or existing landfills (greenfield

or brownfield) are deemed automatically additional if it is
demonstrated that prior to the implementation of the project
activities and PoAs the landfill gas(LFG) was only vented and or
Requirements of TOOL32
flared (in the case of brownfield projects) or would have been only
Methodological tool: “Positive
vented and/or flared(in the case of greenfield projects)but not
lists of technologies” (Version
utilized for energy generation, and that under the project activities
02.0)
and PoAs any of the following conditions are met:
(a) The LFG is used to generate electricity in one or several
power plants with a total nameplate capacity that equals
or is below 10 MW;
(b) The LFG is used to generate heat for internal or external
consumption;
(c) The LFG is flared
43
The LFG from landfill site is vented to the atmosphere prior the
The project implementation of the project for safety concerns. Total designed
capacity of the project is 3.71 MW, which is below 10MW.
Therefore, the project participants consider the Project Activity to meet the “Tool 32: Positive lists of
technology” applicability criteria and consider the project activity automatically additional.
Regulatory Surplus
Is the project located in an UNFCCC Annex 1 or Non-Annex 1 country?
☐ Annex 1 country ☒ Non-Annex 1 country
Are the project activities mandated by any law, statute, or other regulatory framework?
☐ Yes ☒ No
Additionality Methods
As demonstrated in Section 3.5 above, the project activity is automatically additional.
3.6 Methodology Deviations

No methodology deviation required.
44
4 QUANTIFICATION OF ESTIMATED GHG

EMISSION REDUCTIONS AND
REMOVALS
4.1 Baseline Emissions
The baseline emission was calculated according to the following formula:
Where:
BEy = Baseline emissions in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
BECH4,y = Baseline emissions of methane from the SWDS in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
BEEC,y = Baseline emissions associated with electricity generation in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
BEHG,y = Baseline emissions associated with heat generation in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
BENG,y = Baseline emissions associated with natural gas use in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
Step (A): Baseline emissions of methane from the SWDS (BE CH4,y)
Where:
BECH4,y = Baseline emissions of LFG from the SWDS in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
45
OXtop_layer = Fraction of methane in the LFG that would be oxidized in the top layer of the SWDS in
the baseline (dimensionless)
FCH4,PJ,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is flared and/or used in the project activity in
year y (tCH4/yr)
FCH4,BL,y = Amount of methane in the LFG that would be flared in the baseline in year y (tCH 4/yr)
GWPCH4 = Global warming potential of CH 4 (tCO2e/tCH4)
Step A.1: Ex-post determination of F CH4,PJ,y
During the crediting period, the F CH4,PJ,y is determined as follows:
Where:
FCH4,PJ,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is flared and/or used in the project
activity in year y (tCH 4/yr)
FCH4,flared,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is destroyed by flaring in year y (tCH 4/yr)
FCH4,EL,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is used for electricity generation in year y
(tCH4/yr)
FCH4,HG,y Amount of methane in the LFG which is used for heat generation in year y
(tCH4/yr)
FCH4,NG,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is sent to the natural gas distribution
network and/or dedicated pipeline and/or to the trucks in year y (tCH4/yr)
FCH4,EL,y, FCH4,HG,y and FCH4,NG,y are determined using the “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse
gas in a gaseous stream” and monitoring the working hours of the power plant(s), boiler(s), air heater(s),
glass melting furnace(s) and kiln(s), so that no emission reduction are claimed for methane destruction
during non-working hours. This is taken into account by monitoring the hours that the equipment utilizing
the LFG is operating in year y (Op j,h,y).
The following requirements apply:
46
a) As per the gaseous stream tool, if the LFG is used for multiple purposes (e.g. flaring or energy
generation), and all methane destruction devices are verified to be operational (e.g. by means of
flame detectors records, energy generated), a single flow meter may be used to record the flow
into multiple destruction devices. The destruction efficiency of the least efficient among the
destruction devices shall be used as the destruction efficiency for all destruction devices
monitored by this flow meter. If there are any periods for which one or more destruction devices
are not operational, paragraph 5 (a) and (b) of the Appendix of the "Tool to determine the mass
flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream" tool shall be followed;
b) CH4 is the greenhouse gas for which the mass flow should be determined;
c) The simplification offered for calculating the molecular mass of the gaseous stream is valid
(equations (3) or (17) in the tool);
d) The mass flow should be calculated on an hourly basis for each hour h in year y;
e) The mass flow calculated for hour h is 0 if the equipment is not working in hour h (Op j,h=not
working), the hourly values are then summed to a yearly unit basis.
The amount of methane destroyed by flaring (F CH4,flared,y) is determined as follows:
Where:
FCH4,flared,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is destroyed by flaring in year y (tCH 4/yr)
FCH4,sent_flare,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is sent to the flare in year y (tCH 4/yr)
PEflare,y = Project emissions from flaring of the residual gas stream in year y (tCH 4/yr)
GWPCH4 = Global warming potential of CH4 (tCO 2e/tCH4)
FCH4,sent_flare,y is determined directly using the “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a
gaseous stream”, applying the requirements described below. The tool shall be applied to the gaseous
stream flowing in the LFG delivery pipeline to each flare.
According to “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream” the following
options are considered for the present project activity:
47
• Option A (Volume flow in dry basis and volumetric fraction in dry basis) when the temperature of
the gaseous stream is less than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow measurement point;
And
• Option B (Volume flow in wet basis and volumetric fraction in dry basis) when the temperature of
the gaseous stream is higher than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow measurement point.
Option A
Flow measurement on a dry basis is not doable for a wet gaseous stream. Therefore, it is necessary to
demonstrate that the gaseous stream is dry to use this option. The demonstration is made as following:
• Demonstrate that the temperature of the gaseous stream (T t) is less than 60ºC (333.15 K) at the
flow measurement point.
The mass flow of greenhouse gas i (Fi,t) is determined as follows:
With
Where:
Fi,t = Mass flow of greenhouse gas i in the gaseous stream in time interval t (kg gas/h)
Vt,db = Volumetric flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (m³dry_gas/h)
vi,t,db = Volumetric fraction of greenhouse gas i in the gaseous stream in a time interval t on a dry basis
(m³_gas i/m³dry_gas)
ρi,t = Density of greenhouse gas i in the gaseous stream in time interval t (kg gas i/m³ gas i)
Pt = Absolute pressure of the gaseous stream in time interval t (Pa)
MMi = Molecular mass of greenhouse gas i (kg/kmol)
Ru = Universal ideal gases constant (8,314 Pa.m 3/kmol.K )
Tt = Temperature of the gaseous stream in time interval t (K)
48
If it cannot be demonstrated that the gaseous stream is dry, then the flow measurement should be
assumed to be on a wet basis and the option B should be applied instead.
Option B
The mass flow of greenhouse gas i (Fi,t) is determined using equations used to Option A. The volumetric
flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (Vt,db) is determined by converting the
measured volumetric flow from wet basis to dry basis as follows:
Where:
Vt,db = Volumetric flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (m³dry gas/h)
Vt,wb = Volumetric flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a wet basis (m³ wet gas/h)
vH2O,t,db = Volumetric fraction of H 2O in the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (m³H 2O/m³dry
gas)
The volumetric fraction of H2O in time interval t on a dry basis (v H2O,t,db) is estimated according to following
equation.
Where:
vH2O,t,db = Volumetric fraction of H2O in the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (m³ H 2O/m³
dry gas)
mH2O,t,db = Absolute humidity in the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis
(kgH2O/kgdry_gas)
MMt,db= Molecular mass of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis
(kgdry_gas/kmoldry_gas)
MMH2O = Molecular mass of H 2O (kgH2O/kmolH2O)
The absolute humidity of the gaseous stream (m H2O,t,db) is determined using Option 2 (simplified
calculation without measurement of the moisture content):
49
Option 2: Simplified calculation without measurement of the moisture content
This option provides a simple and conservative approach to determine the absolute humidity by assuming
the gaseous stream is dry or saturated depending on which is the conservative situation 32.
Concerning the project activity, the conservative situation is to assume that the gaseous stream is
saturated, then mH2O,t,db is assumed to equal the saturation absolute humidity (m H2O,t,db,sat) and calculated
using the following equation.
Where:
mH2O,t,db,sat= Saturation absolute humidity in time interval t on a dry basis (kg H2O/kgdry_gas)
pH20,t,Sat = Saturation pressure of H 2O at temperature Tt in time interval t (Pa)
Tt = Temperature of the gaseous stream in time interval t (K)
Pt = Absolute pressure of the gaseous stream in time interval t (Pa)
MMH2O = Molecular mass of H 2O (kgH2O/kmolH2O)
MMt,db = Molecular mass of the gaseous stream in a time interval t on a dry basis (kg dry_gas/kmoldry_gas)
Parameter MMt,db is estimated using the following equation.
Where:
MMt,db = Molecular mass of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis (kg dry_gas/kmoldry_gas)
vk,t,db = Volumetric fraction of gas k in the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry basis
(m³gas_k/m³dry_gas)
MMk = Molecular mass of gas k (kg/kmol)
32 An assumption that the gaseous stream is saturated is conservative for the situation that the mass flow of greenhouse gas i
is underestimated (applicable for calculating baseline emissions). Conversely, an assumption that the gas stream is dry is
conservative for the situation that the greenhouse gas i is overestimated (applicable for calculating project emissions).
50
k = All gases, except H 2O, contained in the gaseous stream (e.g. N 2 and CH4). See available
simplification below.
The determination of the molecular mass of the gaseous stream (MM t,db) requires measuring the
volumetric fraction of all gases (k) in the gaseous stream. However, as a simplification, in the case of the
project activity, the volumetric fraction of the methane that is a greenhouse gas and considered in the
emission reduction calculation in the underlying methodology must be monitored and the difference to
100% may be considered as pure nitrogen. The simplification is not acceptable if it is differently specified
in the underlying methodology.
PEflare,y shall be determined using the methodological tool “Project emissions from flaring”. If LFG is flared
through more than one flare, then PE flare,y is the sum of the emissions for each flare determined
separately.
Open flare(s) were installed in the project activity.
To determine the project emissions from flaring gases was used the tool “Project emissions from flaring”.
The project emissions calculation procedure is given in the following steps:
STEP 1: Determination of the methane mass flow of the residual gas;
STEP 2: Determination of the flare efficiency;
STEP 3: Calculation of project emissions from flaring.
Step 1: Determination of the methane mass flow in the residual gas
The “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream” shall be used to
determine the following parameter:
Parameter SI Unit Description
FCH4,m kg Mass flow of methane in the residual gaseous stream in the minute m
The following requirements apply:
• The gaseous stream tool shall be applied to the residual gas;

• The flow of the gaseous stream shall be measured continuously;
• CH4 is the greenhouse gas i for which the mass flow should be determined;
• The simplification offered for calculating the molecular mass of the gaseous stream is valid
(equations 3 and 17 in the tool); and
51
• The time interval t for which mass flow should be calculated is every minute m
FCH4,m, which is measured as the mass flow during minute m, shall then be used to determine the mass
of methane in kilograms fed to the flare in minute m (F CH4,RG,m). FCH4,m shall be determined on a dry basis.
The option chosen for the “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream” by
the project participant is option A. However, during the project operational monitoring, If not
demonstrated that the temperature of the gaseous stream (Tt) is less than 60°C (dry basis), then the
flow measurement should be assumed to be on a wet basis and the option B should be applied instead.
Step 2: Determination of flare efficiency
Open flare
In the case of open flare(s), the flare efficiency in the minute m (η flare,m) is 50% when the flame is detected
in the minute m (Flamem), otherwise ηflare,m is 0%.
Step 3: Calculation of project emissions from flaring
Project emissions from flaring are calculated as the sum of emissions for each minute m in year y,
based on the methane mass flow in the residual gas (F CH4,RG,m) and the flare efficiency (η flare,m), as
follows:
Where:
PEflare,y = Project emissions from flaring of the residual gas in year y (tCO 2e)
GWPCH4 = Global warming potential of methane valid for the commitment period
(tCO2e/tCH4)
FCH4,RG,m = Mass flow of methane in the residual gas in the minute m (kg)
ηflare,m = Flare efficiency in minute m
Table 3 - Parameters used in the Tool “Project emissions from flaring”
Parameter Description Value Unit
Pref Atmospheric pressure at reference conditions 101,325 Pa
Ru Universal ideal gas constant 8,314 Pa.m3/kmol.K
52
Tref Temperature at reference conditions 273.15 K
Global warming potential of methane valid until

GWPCH4 2533 tCO2/tCH4
31/12/2020
Global warming potential of methane valid for

GWPCH4 2834 tCO2/tCH4
01/01/2021 on
ρCH4,n Density of methane at reference conditions 0.716 kg/m3
Where:
𝜌𝑅𝐺,𝑟𝑒𝑓,𝑚 = Density of the residual gas at reference conditions in minute m (kg/m 3)

𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓 = Atmospheric pressure at reference conditions (Pa)
𝑅𝑢 = Universal ideal gas constant (Pa.m 3/kmol.K)
𝑀𝑀𝑅𝐺,𝑚 = Molecular mass of the residual gas in minute m (kg/kmol)
𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 = Temperature at reference conditions (K)
Open flare(s) is installed in the project activity.
Step A.1.1: Ex-ante estimation of F CH4,PJ,y
An ex ante estimate of F CH4,PJ,y is required to estimate baseline emission of methane from the SWDS in
order to estimate the emission reductions, according to ACM0001. It is determined as follows:
Where:
FCH4,PJ,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is flared and/or used in the project activity
in year y (tCH4/yr)
33 Default value of 25 from IPCC - Fourth Assessment Report (AR4).

34Default value of 28 from IPCC - Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Updated as per Applicability of Global Warming Potential for
Gold Standard for the Global Goals
53
BECH4,SWDS,y = Amount of methane in the LFG that is generated from the SWDS in the baseline
scenario in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
ηPJ = Efficiency of the LFG capture system that is installed in the project activity
GWPCH4 = Global warming potential of CH4 (tCO 2e/tCH4)
BECH4,SWDS,y is determined using the methodological tool “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”. The
calculation of BECH4,SWDS,y according the tool is:
Where:
BECH4,SWDS,y = Baseline, project or leakage methane emissions occurring in year y generated from
waste disposal at a SWDS during a time period ending in year y (tCO 2e/yr)
X = Years in the time period in which waste is disposed at the SWDS, extending from the
first year in the time period (x=1) to year y (x=y).
Y = Year of the crediting period for which methane emissions are calculated (y is a
consecutive period of 12 months)
DOCf,y = Fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) that decomposes under the specific
conditions occurring in the SWDS for year y (weight fraction)
Wj,x = Amount of solid waste type j disposed or prevented from disposal in the SWDS in the
year x (t)
φy = Model correction factor to account for model uncertainties for year y
fy = Fraction of methane captured at the SWDS and flared, combusted or used in another
manner that prevents the emissions of methane to the atmosphere in year y
GWPCH4 = Global Warming Potential of methane
OX = Oxidation factor (reflecting the amount of methane from SWDS that is oxidised in the
soil or other material covering the waste)
F = Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction)
MCFy Methane correction factor for year y
DOCj = Fraction of degradable organic carbon in the waste type j (weight fraction)
kj = Decay rate for the waste type j (1/yr)
54
J = Type of residual waste or types of waste in the MSW
According to ACM0001 methodology, the parameter fy in the methodological tool “Emissions from solid
waste disposal sites” shall be assigned a value of 0 (zero) because the amount of LFG that would have
been captured and destroyed is already accounted for in equation 2 of this methodology. Also, according
to ACM0001 methodology, the parameter X begins with the year that the SWDS started receiving wastes.
For this reason, the parameter fy and X are not monitored.
Step A.2: Determination of F CH4,BL,y
In the baseline there are no regulatory or contractual requirements, or to address safety and odour
concerns to capture and destroy LFG. Thus, the case of the project activity for determining methane
captured and destroyed in the baseline is Case 3 because there is existing LFG capture system (passive
system), however there is no requirement to destroy methane. In this case:
FCH4,BL,y = FCH4,BL,sys,y = FCH4,sent_flare,y
Where:
FCH4,BL,sys,y = Amount of methane in the LFG that would be flared in the baseline in year y for
the case of an existing LFG capture system (tCH 4/yr)
FCH4,sent_flare,y = Amount of methane in the LFG which is sent to the flare in year y (tCH 4/yr)
The amount of methane captured with the existing system is monitored along with the amount captured
under the project activity and there is no historic data on the amount of methane that was captured in
the year prior to the implementation of the project activity. Thus, the situation to determine F CH4,BL,y is:
If there is no monitored or historic data on the amount of methane that was captured in the year prior to
the implementation of the project situation, then:
FCH4,BL,sys,y = 20% × FCH4,PJ,y; or
FCH4,BL,y = 20% × FCH4,PJ,y
Step (B): Baseline emissions associated with electricity generation (BEEC,y)
Where:
55
BEEC,y = Baseline emissions from electricity generation in year y (tCO2/yr)
ECBL,k,y = EGPJ,y = Net amount of electricity generated using LFG in year y (MWh/yr)
EFEL,k,y35 = Emission factor for electricity generation for source k in year y (tCO 2/MWh)
TDLk,y = Average technical transmission and distribution losses for providing electricity
to source k in year y.
The baseline emissions associated with electricity generation in year y (BE EC,y) shall be calculated using
the "Methodological tool: Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from electricity consumption and
monitoring of electricity generation".
Emission Factor calculation
The emission reductions derived from the displacement of fossil fuels used for electricity generation from
other sources are estimated for the Brazilian Interconnected System and strictly guided by ACM0001
which includes the “Tool to Calculate the Emission Factor for an Electricity System”, as follows.
Step 1. Identify the relevant electric power system
For the purpose of determining the electricity emission factors, a project electricity system is defined by
the spatial extent of the power plants that are physically connected through transmission and distribution
lines to the project activity (e.g. the renewable power plant location or the consumers where electricity is
being saved) and that can be dispatched without signification transmission constraints.
The Brazilian DNA published an official delineation of the project electricity system in Brazil, considering
a national interconnected system.36
Step 2. Choose whether to include off-grid power plants in the project electricity system (optional)
The Brazilian DNA is responsible for calculating the emission factors and it is not included in calculation
the off-grid power plants.
Step 3. Select a method to determined the operating margin (OM)
The calculation of the operating margin emission factor (EF grid,OM,y) is based on one of the following
methods:
35 According to the “Tool to calculate project or leakage CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion”, EF EL,k,y = EFgrid,CM,y
36 DNA Resolution n° 8 was published on 26/05/2008.
56
a) Simple OM, or
b) Simple adjusted OM, or
c) Dispatch data analysis OM, or
d) Average OM.
The Brazilian DNA is responsible for calculating the OM emission factor in Brazil. It uses the method c)
Dispatch data analysis OM.
For the dispatch data analysis OM, it is necessary to use the year in which the project activity displaces
grid electricity and to update the emission factor annually during monitoring.
Step 4. Calculate the operating margin emission factor according to the selected method
The dispatch data analysis OM emission factor (EF grid,OM-DD,y) is determined based on the power units that
are actually dispatched at the margin during each hour h where the project is displacing electricity. This
approach is not applicable to historical data and, thus, requires annual monitoring of EF grid,OM-DD,y.
The emission factor is calculated as follows:
 EG PJ ,h  EFEL ,DD ,h
EFgrid,OM − DD , y = m
EGPJ , y
Where:
EFgrid,OM-DD,y = Dispatch data analysis operating margin CO 2 emission factor in year y

(tCO2/MWh)
EGPJ,h = Electricity displaced by the project activity in hour h m of year y (MWh)
EFEL,DD,h = CO2 emission factor for power units in the top of the dispatch order in hour h
in year y (tCO2/MWh)
EGPJ,y = Total electricity displaced by the project activity in year y (MWh)
h = hours in year y in which the project activity is displacing grid electricity
y = Year in which the project activity is displacing grid electricity
The EFgrid,OM,2022 is displayed on the Brazilian DNA website, for the year 2022.
EFgrid,OM,2022 = 0.4068 tCO2/MWh.
Step 5. Calculate the build margin (BM) emission factor
The Brazilian DNA is responsible for calculating the BM emission factor in Brazil.
57
In terms of vintage of data, project participants can choose between one of the following two options:
Option 1: For the first crediting period, calculate the build margin emission factor ex-ante based on the
most recent information available on units already built for sample group m at the time of CDM-PDD
submission to the DOE for validation. For the second crediting period, the build margin emission factor
should be updated based on the most recent information available on units already built at the time of
submission of the request for renewal of the crediting period to the DOE. For the third crediting period,
the build margin emission factor calculated for the second crediting period should be used. This option
does not require monitoring the emission factor during the crediting period.
Option 2: For the first crediting period, the build margin emission factor should be updated annually, ex-
post, including those units built up to the year of registration of the project activity or, if information up
to the year of registration is not yet available, including those units built up to the latest year for which
information is available. For the second crediting period, the build margin factor shall be calculated ex -
ante, as described in option 1 above. For the third crediting period, the build margin emission factor
calculated for the second crediting period should be used.
The Option 2 was chosen for the proposed project.
The build margin emissions factor is the generation-weighted average emission factor (tCO 2/MWh) of all
power units m during the most recent year y for which power generation data is available, calculated as
follows:
 EG  EF
m, y EL , m , y
EFgrid , BM , y =m
 EG
m
m, y
The EFgrid,BM,2022 is displayed on the Brazilian DNA website, for the year 2022.
EFgrid,BM,2022= 0.0270 tCO2/MWh.
Step 6. Calculate the combined margin emissions factor
The option a) weighted average CM was used to calculate the combined margin (CM).
EFgrid,CM,y = (wOM x EFgrid,OM,y)+ (wBM x EFgrid,BM,y)
The default weights are as follows: wOM = 0.5 and wBM = 0.5, fixed for the first crediting period. That gives:
EF2022 = 0.2169 tCO2/MWh37
The operating and build margin CO 2 emission factors will be ex-post.
37The source of the data is from Brazilian DNA. The link is https://www.gov.br/mcti/pt-br/acompanhe-o-
mcti/sirene/dados-e-ferramentas/fatores-de-emissao, accessed on 11/04/2024. It is important to notice that until this
date (11/04/2024), the emission factor data for the year 2023 is not available.
58
Therefore, the combined margin CO 2 emission factor will be ex-post.
4.2 Project Emissions
𝑃𝐸𝑦 = 𝑃𝐸𝐸𝐶,𝑦 + 𝑃𝐸𝐹𝐶,𝑦 + 𝑃𝐸𝐷𝑇,𝑦 + 𝑃𝐸𝑆𝑃,𝑦
Where:
𝑃𝐸𝑦 = Project emissions in year y (tCO 2/yr)
𝑃𝐸𝐸𝐶,𝑦 = Emissions from consumption of electricity due to the project activity in year y
(tCO2/yr)
𝑃𝐸𝐹𝐶,𝑦 = Emissions from consumption of fossil fuels due to the project activity, for purpose
other than electricity generation, in year y
(tCO2/yr)
𝑃𝐸𝐷𝑇,𝑦 = Emissions from the distribution of compressed/liquefied LFG using trucks, in year
y (tCO2/yr)
𝑃𝐸𝑆𝑃,𝑦 = Emissions from the supply of LFG to consumers through a dedicated pipeline, in
year y (tCO2/yr)
Calculation of PEEC,y – project emission from consumption of electricity
According to “Methodological tool: Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from electricity
consumption and monitoring of electricity generation”, the project emission from consumption of
electricity is from two sources:
• PEEC1,y - Grid (Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System);

• PEEC2,y - Diesel generator(s) (off-grid captive power plant)
Thus,
PEEC,y = PEEC1,y + PEEC2,y
PEEC1,y - Project emission from electricity consumption from the grid
As electricity is consumed from the grid, the option A1 of the scenario A was chosen, as follows:
Option A1: Calculate the combined margin emission factor of the applicable electricity system, using the
procedures of the “Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system” (EFEL,j/k/l,y = EFgrid,CM,y).
59
Thus, the project emission is calculated as following:
PE EC1, y = EC PJ 1, y  EFgrid ,CM , y  (1 + TDL y )

Where:
ECPJ1,y = quantity of electricity consumed from the grid by the project activity during the
year y (MWh);
EFgrid,CM,y = the emission factor for the grid in year y (tCO 2/MWh);
TDLy = average technical transmission and distribution losses in the grid in year y for
the voltage level at which electricity is obtained from the grid at the project site.
PEEC2,y - Project emission from electricity consumption from an off-grid captive power plant (diesel
generator(s))
As electricity is consumed from diesel generators (off-grid captive power plant), a conservative approach
was adopted and the option B2 of the scenario B was chosen because: “The electricity consumption
source is a project or leakage electricity consumption source”. Therefore, the value used is 1.3 38
tCO2/MWh for project emission from diesel generator(s).
PE EC 2, y = EC PJ 2, y  EFdiesel _ generator, y  (1 + TDL y )
Where:
ECPJ2,y = quantity of electricity consumed from diesel generator by the project activity
during the year y (MWh);
EFdiesel_generator,y = the emission factor for the diesel generator in year y (tCO 2/MWh);
TDLy = average technical transmission and distribution losses in the grid in year y for
the voltage level at which electricity is obtained from the grid at the project site.
4.3 Leakage Emissions

In accordance with the ACM0001, no leakage effects need to be accounted.
4.4 Estimated GHG Emission Reductions and Carbon Dioxide Removals
38
According to the default value of the tool “Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from electricity consumption and
monitoring of electricity generation”.
60
Emission reductions are calculated as follows:
ERy = BEy – PEy,
Where:
ERy = Emission reductions in year y (tCO2e/yr);
BEy = Baseline emissions in year y (tCO2e/yr);
PEy = Project emissions in year y (tCO2e/yr);
a) Baseline emissions of methane from the SWDS
FCH4,PJ,y FCH4,BL,y BECH4,y ECBL,k,y BEEC,y

Year
(tCH4/yr) (tCH4/yr) (tCO2/year) (MWh/yr) (tCO2/yr)
2022 1,571 314 30,786 4,692 1,309
2023 4,269 854 83,677 21,388 5,966
2024 4,489 898 87,980 21,388 5,966
2025 4,662 932 91,379 30,883 8,615
2026 4,852 970 95,099 30,883 8,615
2027 4,957 991 97,164 30,883 8,615
2028 5,053 1,011 99,039 30,883 8,615
2029 3,113 623 61,021 18,699 5,216
The following data was used to calculate the ex-ante methane estimative (as per the Tool “Emissions
from solid waste disposal sites”:
Variable Value
Φ 0.75
f 0%
GWP_CH4 (until 2020) 2539
GWP_CH4 (2021 on) 2840
OX 0.1
39 Default value of 25 from IPCC - Fourth Assessment Report (AR4).

40Default value of 28 from IPCC - Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Updated as per Applicability of Global Warming Potential for
Gold Standard for the Global Goals
61
F 50%
DOCf 0.5
MCF 1.0
Quantity of waste disposed at landfill site:
Year Waste disposal (t/yr) Year Waste disposal (t/yr)
2015 3,276 2033 284,868

2016 53,970 2034 287,716
2017 113,616 2035 290,594
2018 204,362 2036 293,499
2019 239,556 2037 296,434
2020 248,075 2038 299,399
2021 257,866 2039 302,393
2022 260,227 2040 305,417
2023 257,887 2041 308,471
2024 260,466 2042 311,556
2025 263,071 2043 314,671
2026 265,701 2044 317,818
2027 268,358 2045 320,996
2028 271,042 2046 324,206
2029 273,752 2047 327,448
2030 276,490 2048 330,723
2031 279,255 2049 334,030
2032 282,047 2050 337,370
The characterization of the waste received is presented below:
Waste type j Composition of waste (%)
Wood and wood products 0.00%

Pulp, paper and cardboard (other than sludge) 5.18%
Food, food waste, beverages and tobacco (other than sludge) 68.34%
Textiles 0.00%
Garden, yard and park waste 0.00%
Glass, plastic, metal, other inert waste 26.48%
b) Baseline emissions from electricity generation
As defined in Section 4, the emissions factors are:
62
• Operating margin (OM) emission factor: 0.4068 tCO2/MWh.
• Build margin (BM) emission factor: 0.0270 tCO2/MWh.
• Combined Margin (CM) emission factor: 0.2169 tCO2/MWh
Where, the average technical transmission and distribution losses in the grid in year y for the voltage
level at which electricity is obtained from the grid at the project site (TDLy) is 28.6%41.
ECBL,k,y BEEC,y
Year
(MWh/yr) (tCO 2/yr)
2022 4,692 1,309
2023 21,388 5,966
2024 21,388 5,966
2025 30,883 8,615
2026 30,883 8,615
2027 30,883 8,615
2028 30,883 8,615
2029 18,699 5,216
Thus, Total baseline emissions of the project activity is:
BECH4,y BEEC,y BEy

Year
(tCO2/year) (tCO 2/yr) (tCO 2/yr)
2022 30,786 1,309 32,095
41Brazilian Energy Balance 2023, https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-

abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-748/topico-681/BEN_S%C3%ADntese_2023_PT.pdf, accessed on
10/04/2024.
63
2023 83,677 2,354 86,030
2024 87,980 2,354 90,333
2025 91,379 3,399 94,777
2026 95,099 3,399 98,497
2027 97,164 3,399 100,562
2028 99,039 3,399 102,437
2029 61,021 2,058 63,078
c) Project emissions from consumption of electricity from grid
There is no estimation from consumption of electricity from the grid, therefore, PE ECy=0.
There is no consumption of fossil fuels due to the project activity for purpose other than electricity
generation, in year y (tCO 2/yr), therefore PEFC,y = 0
For ex-ante calculation, this value was considered zero because there is no estimation from consumption
of fossil fuels due to the project activity, for purpose other than electricity generation.
As, the project emission calculation is:
Where:
PEy = Project emissions in year y (tCO 2/yr)
PEEC,y = Emissions from consumption of electricity due to the project activity in year y
(tCO2/yr)
PEFC,y = Emissions from consumption of fossil fuels due to the project activity, for purpose
other than electricity generation, in year y (tCO 2/yr)
Therefore, PEy is 0 as shown in table below:
PEEC,y PEFC,y PEy

Year
(tCO 2/yr) (tCO 2/yr) (tCO 2/yr)
2022 0 0 0
2023 0 0 0
64
2024 0 0 0
2025 0 0 0
2026 0 0 0
2027 0 0 0
2028 0 0 0
2029 0 0 0
d) Project emissions from consumption of electricity from grid
BEy PEy ERy

Year
(tCO2/year) (tCO 2/yr) (tCO 2/yr)
2022 30,786 1,309 32,095
2023 83,677 2,354 86,030
2024 87,980 2,354 90,333
2025 91,379 3,399 94,777
2026 95,099 3,399 98,497
2027 97,164 3,399 100,562
2028 99,039 3,399 102,437
2029 61,021 2,058 63,078
e) Estimated reduction VCUs and Estimated removal VCUs
Estimated Estimated
reduction removal
Vintage period
VCUs VCUs
(tCO 2e) (tCO 2e)
10-Aug-2022 to 31-Dec-2022 32,095 0
01-Jan-2023 to 31-Dec-2023 86,030 0
01-Jan-2024 to 31-Dec-2024 90,333 0
01-Jan-2025 to 31-Dec-2025 94,777 0
65
01-Jan-2026 to 31-Dec-2026 98,497 0
01-Jan-2027 to 31-Dec-2027 100,562 0
01-Jan-2028 to 31-Dec-2028 102,437 0
01-Jan-2029 to 09-Aug-2029 63,078 0
Total 667,809 0
f) Estimated total VCUs (tCO2e)
Vintage period Estimated Estimated project Estimated leakage Estimated total

baseline emissions (tCO 2e) emissions (tCO 2e) VCUs (tCO 2e)
emissions (tCO 2e)
10-Aug-2022 to
31-Dec-2022
32,095 0 0 32,095
01-Jan-2023 to
31-Dec-2023
86,030 0 0 86,030
01-Jan-2024 to 0
31-Dec-2024
90,333 0 90,333
01-Jan-2025 to
31-Dec-2025
94,777 0 0 94,777
01-Jan-2026 to
31-Dec-2026
98,497 0 0 98,497
01-Jan-2027 to
31-Dec-2027
100,562 0 0 100,562
01-Jan-2028 to
31-Dec-2028
102,437 0 0 102,437
01-Jan-2029 to
09-Aug-2029
63,078 0 0 63,078
Total 667,809 0 0 667,809
5 MONITORING
5.1 Data and Parameters Available at Validation
66
Data / Parameter OXtop_layer
Data unit Dimensionless
Description Fraction of methane that would be oxidized in the top layer of the
SWDS in the baseline
Source of data Consistent with how oxidation is accounted for in the

methodological tool “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”
Value applied 0.1
Justification of choice of Default value used, according to ACM0001

data or description of
measurement methods
and procedures applied
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emission
Comments Applicable to Step A
Data / Parameter GWPCH4
Data unit tCO2e/tCH4
Description Global warming potential of CH4
Source of data IPCC

25 (until 31/12/2020) IPCC - Fourth Assessment Report (AR4)
Value applied
28 (01/01/2021 on) IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5).

Updated as per Applicability of Global Warming Potential for Gold
Standard for the Global Goals Projects available at
https://globalgoals.goldstandard.org/standards/RU-2020-PR-
V1.2-GWP-values.pdf.
Default value used, according to IPCC Fourth Assessment
Justification of choice of
data or description of Report: ClimateChange 2007, item 2.10.2: Direct Global Warming
measurement methods Potentials, Table 2.14
Default value used, according to IPCC Fifth Assessment
Report: ClimateChange 2014 - Synthesis Report, Box 3.2, Table
1 | Examples of emission metric values from WGI
Comments -
67
Data / Parameter NCVCH4
Data unit TJ/tCH4
Description Net calorific value of methane at reference conditions
Source of data Technical literature
Value applied 0.0504
Justification of choice of -
measurement methods
Purpose of data Calculation of project emission
Comments -
Data / Parameter Ru
Data unit Pa.m3/kmol.K
Description Universal ideal gas constant
Source of data Methodological tool “Project emissions from flaring”
Justification of choice of Default value used, according to Methodological tool “Project

data or description of emissions from flaring”, table 1: Constants used in equations
measurement methods
Purpose of data Calculation of project emission
Comments -
Data / Parameter Waste composition
Data unit %
Description Waste composition
Source of data Landfill internal studies
68
Value applied
Composition of waste
A) Wood and wood products 0.00%
B) Pulp, paper and cardboard (other than sludge) 5.18%
C) Food, food waste, beverages and tobacco 68.34%

(other than sludge)
D) Textiles 0.00%
E) Garden, yard and park waste 0.00%
F) Glass, plastic, metal, other inert waste 26.48%
TOTAL 100.00%
Justification of choice of Internal Report

measurement methods
Comments Used for projection of methane avoidance
Data / Parameter Pref
Data unit Pa
Description Atmospheric pressure at reference conditions
Source of data Tool “Project emissions from flaring”
Value applied 101,325
Justification of choice of Default value extracted from Tool “Project emissions from
data or description of flaring”
measurement methods
Purpose of data Calculation of project emissions
Comments -
Data / Parameter Tref
69
Data unit K
Description Temperature at reference conditions
Source of data Tool “Project emissions from flaring”
Justification of choice of Default value extracted from Tool “Project emissions from
data or description of flaring”
measurement methods
Purpose of data Calculation of project emissions
Comments -
Data / Parameter ηPJ
Data unit Dimensionless
Description Efficiency of the LFG capture system that is be installed in the

project activity
Source of data Internal report
Value applied 75%
Justification of choice of Based on company report which has been responsible for
data or description of assembly and testing of the equipment at the landfill site
measurement methods
Comments -
Data / Parameter φdefault
Data unit -
Description Default value for the model correction factor to account for
model uncertainties
Source of data Tool “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”
Value applied 0.75
70
Justification of choice of According to “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”, the
data or description of Application A was used because the landfill is an existing solid
measurement methods waste disposal site and in the project activity the methane
and procedures applied emissions are being mitigated by capturing and flaring the
methane (ACM0001).
Comments -
Data / Parameter OX
Data unit -
Description Oxidation factor (reflecting the amount of methane from SWDS

that is oxidized in the soil or other material covering the waste)
Source of data Based on an extensive review of published literature on this

subject, including the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value applied 0.1
Justification of choice of Default value used according to “Emissions from solid waste
data or description of disposal sites”
measurement methods
Comments When methane passes through the top-layer, part of it is oxidized

by methanotrophic bacteria to produce CO2. The oxidation factor
represents the proportion of methane that is oxidized to CO 2.This
should be distinguished from the methane correction factor (MCF)
which is to account for the situation that ambient air might intrude
into the SWDS and prevent methane from being formed in the
upper layer of SWDS.
Data / Parameter F
Data unit -
Description Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction)
Source of data IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value applied 0.5
71
Justification of choice of Default value used according to “Emissions from solid waste
data or description of disposal sites”
measurement methods
Comments Upon biodegradation, organic material is converted to a mixture

of methane and carbon dioxide
Data / Parameter DOCf,default
Data unit Weight fraction
Description Default value for the fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC)
in MSW that decomposes in the SWDS
Value applied 0.5
Justification of choice of The default value was used for type Application A). according to
data or description of “Emissions from solid waste disposal sites”
measurement methods
Comments This factor reflects the fact that some degradable organic carbon
does not degrade, or degrades very slowly, in the SWDS. This
default value can be used for Application A.
Data / Parameter MCFdefault
Data unit -
Description Methane correction factor
Value applied 1.0
Justification of choice of The project activity is an anaerobic managed solid waste disposal
data or description of site with controlled placement of waste (i.e. waste directed to
measurement methods specific deposition areas, a degree of control of scavenging and a
and procedures applied degree of control of fires) and is include: (i) cover material; (ii)
mechanical compacting and (iii) leveling of the waste;
72
Comments -
Data / Parameter DOCj
Data unit -
Description Fraction of degradable organic carbon in the waste type j (weight

fraction)
(adapted from Volume 5, Tables 2.4 and 2.5)
Value applied DOCj

Waste type j
(% wet waste)
Wood and wood products 43%
Pulp, paper and cardboard (other than

40%
sludge)
Food, food waste, beverages and

15%
tobacco (other than sludge)
Textiles 24%
Garden, yard and park waste 20%
Glass, plastic, metal, other inert waste 0%
Justification of choice of IPCC default value for municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal site
data or description of is applied.
measurement methods
Comments -
Data / Parameter kj
Data unit -
Description Decay rate for waste type j
73
Source of data 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Value applied
Tropical
(MAT > 20 °C)

Waste type j
Wet
(MAP > 1,000mm)
Pulp, paper, cardboard
Slowly degrading
0.07
(other than sludge), textiles
Wood, wood products and

0.035
straw
Other (non-food) organic

Rapidly Moderately
degrading degrading
putrescible garden and 0.17

park waste
Food, food waste, sewage

sludge, beverages and 0.4
tobacco
Justification of choice of IPCC default value for anaerobic managed solid waste disposal
data or description of site is applied.
measurement methods
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emissions
Comments Used for projection of methane avoidance. The climate data was
provided to rainfall index and the average daily temperature from
Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) on
https://portal.inmet.gov.br/
Data / Parameter MMi
Data unit kg/kmol
Description Molecular mass of greenhouse gas i
Source of data Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a

gaseous stream
Value applied Molecular mass

Compound Structure
(kg/kmol)
Methane CH4 16.04
74
Justification of choice of According to “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse

data or description of gas in a gaseous stream”
measurement methods
Comments -
Data / Parameter MMk
Data unit kg/kmol
Description Molecular mass of gas k

gaseous stream
Value applied Molecular mass

Compound Structure
(kg/kmol)
Nitrogen N2 28.01
measurement methods
Comments -
Data / Parameter MMH2O
Data unit kg/kmol
Description Molecular mass of water

gaseous stream

measurement methods
75
Comments -
5.2 Data and Parameters Monitored
Baseline, project and/or leakage emission from electricity consumption and monitoring of electricity
generation.
Data / Parameter EFgrid,CM,2022
Data unit tCO2/MWh
Description CO2 emission factor of the Brazilian grid electricity during the year
y
Source of data Brazilian DNA
Description of The emission factor is calculated ex-post, as the weighted average

measurement methods of the dispatch data analysis OM (Operating Margin) and the BM
and procedures to be (Build margin).
applied
Frequency of Annual
monitoring/recording
Value applied 0.2169 (year 2022)
Monitoring equipment -
QA/QC procedures to be Apply procedures in the “Tool to calculate the emission factor
applied for an electricity system”
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline and project emissions.
Calculation method Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system
Comments This parameter is ex-post for the entire crediting period.
Data / Parameter EFgrid,BM,2022
Data unit tCO2/MWh
76
Description Build margin emission factor of the Brazilian grid

applied
Frequency of Annual
Data / Parameter EFgrid,OM,2022
Data unit tCO2/MWh
Description Operating margin emission factor of the Brazilian grid

applied
Frequency of Annual
77
Data / Parameter TDLy
Data unit -
Description Average technical transmission and distribution losses in the grid

in year y for the voltage level at which electricity is obtained from
the grid at the project site.
Source of data Brazilian Energy Balance 2023

For (a): TDLj/k/l,y should be estimated for the distribution and
Description of
measurement methods transmission networks of the electricity grid of the same voltage
and procedures to be as the connection where the proposed project activity is
applied connected to. The technical distribution losses should not contain
other types of grid losses (e.g. commercial losses/theft). The
distribution losses can either be calculated by the project
participants or be based on references from utilities, network
operators or other official documentation.
Frequency of Annually. In the absence of data from the relevant year, most
monitoring/recording recent figuresshould be used, but not older than 5 years.
Value applied 28.6%
QA/QC procedures to be -
applied
Calculation method -
78
The data is available at Brazilian Energy Balance 2023, page 13,

Comments
value 28.6%42.
Data / Parameter ECPJ1,y = EGEC1,y
Data unit MWh/y
Description Quantity of electricity consumed from the grid by the project

activity during the year y
Source of data Electricity meter
Description of Continuously measured by electricity meters for the grid electricity

measurement methods consumption as per the “Methodological tool: Baseline, project
and procedures to be and/or leakage emissions from electricity consumption and
applied monitoring of electricity generation” and methodology ACM0001.
Frequency of Continuously
Year ECPJ1,y
Value applied
2022 0
2023 0
2024 0
2025 0
2026 0
2027 0
2028 0
2029 0
Monitoring equipment Electricity meter

The electricity meter will be subject to regular maintenance and
QA/QC procedures to be
applied testing in accordance with the stipulation of the meter supplier
and/or as per the requirements set by the grid operators or
national requirements. The calibration of meters, including the
frequency of calibration, should be done in accordance with
national standards or requirements set by the meter supplier or
requirements set by the grid operators. The accuracy class of the
meters should be in accordance with the stipulation of the meter
42https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-
748/topico-681/BEN_S%C3%ADntese_2023_PT.pdf , accessed on 20/03/2024.
79
supplier and/or as per the requirements set by the grid operators

or national requirements.
The data will be archived throughout the crediting period and two
Comments
years thereafter.
Data / Parameter ECPJ2,y = EGEC2,y
Data unit MWh/y
Description Quantity of electricity consumed from diesel generator by the

project activity during the year y
Description of Continuously measured by electricity meters for the grid

measurement methods electricity consumption as per the “Methodological tool:
and procedures to be Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from electricity
applied consumption and monitoring of electricity generation” and
methodology ACM0001.
Year ECPJ2,y
Value applied
2022 0
2023 0
2024 0
2025 0
2026 0
2027 0
2028 0
2029 0
Monitoring equipment Electricity meter
80
QA/QC procedures to be The electricity meter will be subject to regular maintenance and
applied testing in accordance with the stipulation of the meter supplier
and/or as per the requirements set by the grid operators or
national requirements. The calibration of meters, including the
frequency of calibration, should be done in accordance with
national standards or requirements set by the meter supplier or
or national requirements.
Comments The data will be archived throughout the crediting period and two
years thereafter.
ACM0001: Flaring or use of landfill gas
Data / Parameter Management of SWDS
Data unit -
Description Management of SWDS

Use different sources of data:
Source of data
• Original design of the landfill.
• Technical specifications for the management of the SWDS.
• - Local or national regulations.
Project participants should refer to the original design of the
Description of
measurement methods landfill to ensure that any practice to increase methane
and procedures to be generation have been occurring prior to the implementation of the
applied project activity.
Any change in the management of the SWDS after the

implementation of the project activity should be justified by
referring to technical or regulatory specifications.
Frequency of Annually
Value applied -
81
Monitoring equipment Not applicable.
applied
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emissions.
Comments -
Data / Parameter EGPJ,y = ECBL,k,y
Data unit MWh
Description Amount of electricity generated using LFG by the project activity

in year y
Description of Monitor net electricity generation by the project activity using

measurement methods LFG
and procedures to be
applied
Frequency of Continuous
Year EGPJ,y
Value applied
2022 4,692
2023 21,388
2024 21,388
2025 30,883
2026 30,883
2027 30,883
2028 30,883
2029 18,699
82
Monitoring equipment Electricity meter.
QA/QC procedures to be As the project will supply electricity to the grid: The electricity
applied meter will be subject to regular maintenance and testing in
accordance with the stipulation of the meter supplier and/or as
per the requirements set by the grid operators or national
requirements. The calibration of meters, including the frequency
of calibration, should be done in accordance with national
standards or requirements set by the meter supplier or
or national requirements. The readings will be double checked by
the electricity distribution company.
Comments This parameter is required for calculating baseline emissions

associated with electricity generation (BE EC,y) using the
“Methodological tool: Baseline, project and/or leakage emissions
from electricity consumption and monitoring of electricity
generation”.
Data / Parameter Opj,h
Data unit -
Description Operation of the equipment that consumes the LFG
Source of data Measurements by Project participant using a device integrated

with the operational software at the landfill gas plant.
For each equipment unit j using the LFG monitor that the plant is
Description of
measurement methods operating in hour h by the monitoring any one or more of the
and procedures to be following three parameters:
applied
(a) Temperature. Determine the location for temperature
measurements and minimum operational temperature based on
manufacturer’s specifications of the burning equipment.
Document and justify the location and minimum threshold in the
PDD;
83
(b) Flame. Flame detection system is used to ensure that the

equipment is in operation;
(c) Products generated. Monitor the generation of steam for the

case of boilers and air-heaters and glass for the case of glass
melting furnances. This option is not applicable to brick kilns.
Opj,h = 0 when:
(a) One of more temperature measurements are missing or below

the minimum threshold in hour h (instantaneous measurements
are made at least every minute);
(b) Flame is not detected continuously in hour h (instantaneous

measurements are made at least every minute);
(c) No products are generated in the hour h.
Otherwise, Opj,h = 1
Frequency of Once per minute

Value applied 1 or 0
Monitoring equipment Monitoring software
QA/QC procedures to be The calibration of this equipment is not applicable since it is a

applied device integrated with the operational software at the landfill gas
plant.
Comments -
Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous stream.
Data / Parameter Vt,db
84
Data unit m3/h
Description Volumetric flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a dry

basis
Source of data Measurements by Project participants using a flow meter(s)

The volumetric flow rate of the residual gas which is sent to each
Description of
measurement methods individual flare, LFG engines in the hour h will be measured by the
and procedures to be installed flow meters with digital recordable electronic signal,
applied according to the “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse
gas in a gaseous stream”, the measurement option in the project
activity will be:
• Option (A) dry basis: when the temperature of gaseous

stream is lower than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow
measurement point;
• Option (B) wet basis: when the temperature of gaseous
stream is higher than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow
measurement point.
Volumetric flow measurement should always refer to the actual

pressure and temperature. Calculated based on the wet basis flow
measurement plus water concentration measurement.
Frequency of Continuous recorded and hourly aggregated

Value applied Not used for ex-ante calculations
Monitoring equipment Flow meter.
QA/QC procedures to be Periodic calibration against a primary device provided by an

applied independent accredited laboratory is mandatory. The calibration
frequency of this monitoring equipment should be in accordance
with manufacturer’s specifications.
This parameter will be monitored only in case Option A of the “Tool
Comments
to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous
stream” is applied for the determination of FCH4,flared,y, FCH4,EL,y and
FCH4,NG,y.
85
Data / Parameter Vt,wb
Data unit m3/h
Description Volumetric flow of the gaseous stream in time interval t on a wet

basis
Source of data Measurements by Project participants using a flow meter

The volumetric flow rate of the residual gas which is sent to each
Description of
measurement methods individual flare, LFG engines in the hour h will be measured by the
and procedures to be installed flow meters with digital recordable electronic signal,
applied according to the “Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse
gas in a gaseous stream”, the measurement option in the project
activity will be:
• Option (A) dry basis: when the temperature of gaseous stream

is lower than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow measurement point;
• Option (B) wet basis: when the temperature of gaseous stream

is higher than 60°C (333.15 K) at the flow measurement point.
Volumetric flow measurement should always refer to the actual

pressure and temperature. Instruments with recordable electronic
signal (analogical or digital) are required.

Value applied n/a
Monitoring equipment Flow meter.

frequency of this monitoring equipment should be in accordance
with manufacturer’s specifications.
This parameter will be monitored only in case Options B or C of the
Comments
“Tool to determine the mass flow of a greenhouse gas in a gaseous
86

FCH4,NG,y.
Data / Parameter vi,t,db
Data unit m³ gas i/m3 dry gas
Description Volumetric fraction of greenhouse gas i in a time interval t on a

dry basis
Source of data Measurements by Project Participants using gas analyzer (onsite

measurements)
Description of Continuous gas analyzer operating in dry basis. Volumetric flow

measurement methods measurement should always refer to the actual pressure and
and procedures to be temperature.
applied

Value applied 50%
Monitoring equipment Gas analyzer.
QA/QC procedures to be Calibration should include zero verification with an inert gas (e.g.
applied N2) and at least one reading verification with a standard gas
(single calibration gas or mixture calibration gas). All calibration
gases must have a certificate provided by the manufacturer and
must be under their validity period.
This parameter will be monitored only in case Option A of the tool
Comments
FCH4,NG,y.
Data / Parameter vi,t,wb
Data unit m³ gas i/m3 wet gas
87
Description Volumetric fraction of greenhouse gas i in a time interval t on a

wet basis
Source of data Measurements by Project Participants using gas analyzer (onsite

measurements)
Description of Calculated based on the dry basis analysis plus water

measurement methods concentration measurement or continuous in-situ analyzers if not
and procedures to be specified in the underlying methodology
applied
Frequency of Continuous recorded and hourly aggregated.

Value applied Not used for ex-ante calculations.
Monitoring equipment Gas analyzer.
QA/QC procedures to be Calibration should include zero verification with an inert gas (e.g.
applied N2) and at least one reading verification with a standard gas
(single calibration gas or mixture calibration gas). All calibration
gases must have a certificate provided by the manufacturer and
must be under their validity period.
This parameter will be monitored only in case Option A of the tool
Comments
FCH4,NG,y.
Data / Parameter Tt
Data unit K
Description Temperature of the gaseous stream in time interval t
Source of data Measurements by Project participant using a temperature meter
Description of Thermoresistance with digital or analogical recordable electronic

measurement methods signal will be used. The accuracy and uncertainty of the
and procedures to be monitoring instrument will be in accordance with manufacturer
applied specifications.
88
Value applied -
Monitoring equipment Temperature transmitter.

frequency of this monitoring equipment should be according to the
manufacturer’s specifications
Provided all parameters are converted to normal conditions during
Comments
the monitoring process, this parameter may not be needed except
for moisture content determination and therefore it should be
metered only when performing such measurements (with same
frequency). However, if the applicability condition related to the
gaseous stream flow temperature being below 60ºC is adopted,
this parameter must be monitored continuously to assure the
applicability condition is met.
Data / Parameter Pt
Data unit Pa
Description Pressure of the gaseous stream in time interval t
Source of data Measurements by Project participant using a pressure meter
Description of Instruments with recordable electronic signal (analogical or

measurement methods digital) will be used. Examples include pressure transducers, etc.
and procedures to be The accuracy and uncertainty of the monitoring instrument will be
applied in accordance with manufacturer specifications.
Value applied -
Monitoring equipment Pressure meter.
89
QA/QC procedures to be Periodic calibration against a primary device must be performed

applied periodically and records of calibration procedures must be kept
available as well as the primary device and its calibration
certificate. Pressure transducers (either capacitive or resistive)
must be calibrated monthly. In case the pressure meter is not a
capacitive or resistive pressure transducer, the calibration
frequency of this monitoring equipment should be according to the
manufacturer’s specifications.
Comments Provided all parameters are converted to normal conditions during

the monitoring process, this parameter may not be needed except
for moisture content determination and therefore it should be
metered only when performing such measurements (with same
frequency)
Data / Parameter Status of biogas destruction device
Data unit -
Description Operational status of biogas destruction devices
Source of data Provided internal system report
Description of Monitoring and documenting may be undertaken by recording the

measurement methods energy production from methane captured or the operation of the
and procedures to be flare by means of a flame detector to demonstrate the actual
applied destruction of methane, unless a different method is specified in
the underlying methodology/tool. Emission reductions will not
accrue for periods in which the destruction device is not
operational.
Value applied -
Monitoring equipment Flame detector.
applied
90
For flame detector devices refer to the methodological tool
Comments
“Project emissions from flaring”.
Data / Parameter PH2O,t,Sat
Data unit Pa
Description Saturation pressure of H 2O at temperature Tt in time interval t
Source of data Provided by project participants
Description of This parameter is solely a function of the gaseous stream

measurement methods temperature Tt and can be found at reference [1] for a total
and procedures to be pressure equal to 101,325 Pa
applied
Frequency of -
Value applied -
applied
Comments [1] Fundamentals of Classical Thermodynamics; Gordon J. Van

Wylen, Richard E. Sonntag and Borgnakke; 4º Edition 1994, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Methodological tool “Project emissions from flaring”
91
Data / Parameter Flamem
Data unit Flame on or Flame off
Description Flame detection of flare in the minute m
Source of data Project Participant
Description of Measurements by project participants using a continuous

measurement methods Ultraviolet flame detector
applied
Frequency of Once per minute. Detection of flame recorded as a minute that the
monitoring/recording flame was on, otherwise recorded as a minute that the flame was
off.
Value applied -
Monitoring equipment Flame detector.
QA/QC procedures to be Equipment shall be maintained and calibrated in accordance with

applied manufacturer’s recommendations.
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline and project emissions when the flame is
on43.
Comments -
Tool to calculate project or leakage CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion.
Data / Parameter FCi,j,y
Data unit kg/yr
Description Quantity of fuel type i combusted in process j during the year y
Source of data Sales receipt

Use either mass or volume meters. In cases where fuel is supplied
Description of
measurement methods from small daily tanks, rulers can be used to determine mass or
volume of the fuel consumed, with the following conditions: The
43 When the flame is off, neither baseline nor project emissions occurs since the LFG is not combusted and instead released to
the atmosphere.
92
and procedures to be ruler gauge must be part of the daily tank and calibrated at least
applied once a year and have a book of control for recording the
measurements (on a daily basis or per shift);
• Accessories such as transducers, sonar and

piezoelectronic devices are accepted if they are properly
calibrated with the ruler gauge and receiving a reasonable
maintenance.
• In case of daily tanks with pre-heaters for heavy oil, the
calibration will be made with the system at typical
operational conditions.
Value applied 0

The consistency of metered fuel consumption quantities should
QA/QC procedures to be
applied be cross-checked by an annual energy balance that is based on
purchased quantities and stock changes.
Where the purchased fuel invoices can be identified specifically

for the project, the metered fuel consumption quantities should
also be cross-checked with available purchase invoices from the
financial records.
Purpose of data Calculation of project emissions.
Comments -
Data / Parameter NCVi,y
Data unit GJ/kg
Description Weighted average net calorific value of fuel type i in year y (i = LPG)
Source of data c) Regional or national default values
Description of -
measurement methods
93
applied
Frequency of Review appropriateness of values annually

QA/QC procedures to be Verify if the value is within the uncertainty range of the IPCC
applied default values as provided in Table 1.2, Vol. 2 of the 2006 IPCC
Guidelines. If the values fall below this range collect additional
information from the testing laboratory to justify the outcome or
conduct additional measurements. The laboratories in a), b) or c)
should have ISO17025 accreditation or justify that they can
comply with similar quality standards.
Comments -
Data / Parameter EFCO2,I,y
Data unit tCO2/GJ
Description Weighted average CO2 emission factor of fuel type i in year y (i =

LPG)
Source of data d) IPCC default values at the upper limit of the uncertainty at 95%
confidence interval as provided in Table 1.2 of Chapter 1 of Vol.2
(Energy) of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines on National GHG Inventories
Description of Not applicable since IPCC default value is used.

measurement methods
applied
Frequency of Any future revisions of the IPCC Guidelines should be taken into
monitoring/recording account.
94
QA/QC procedures to be Not applicable since IPCC default value is used.

applied
Comments -
5.3 Monitoring Plan
The monitoring plan will be done according to the methodology ACM0001, the applicable tools, as well
as per the Section 3.16 of the VCS standard. Details are available in section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and
parameter 5.2 above. The monitoring equipment locations are presented in the picture below:
Figure 12 - Monitoring equipment locations
95
All continuously measured parameters (LFG flow, CH 4 concentration, flare temperature, flare operating
hours, engine operating hours, and engine electrical output) are recorded electronically via a datalogger,
located within the Site boundary which has the capability to aggregate and print the collected data at the
frequencies as specified above. It is the responsibility of the Site Operator to provide all requested data
logs which will be stored over the duration of the reporting period at the Site office. The data logs will be
summarized into emission reduction calculations prior to each verification.
1. Introduction and Objectives
The two primary purposes of the monitoring plan are:
• To collect the necessary system data required for the determination of emissions reductions; and
• To demonstrate successful compliance with established operating and performance criteria to verify
the emission reductions and generate the respective carbon credits.
The operational data that is collected are used to support the periodic verification report that is required
for auditing company. The monitoring plan discussed herein is designed to meet or exceed the
requirements approved in the monitoring methodology ACM0001.
The routine system monitoring program required for the determination of the emission reductions is
discussed in section 2 below, while the additional system data that is collected to ensure the safe,
correct, and efficient operation of the LFG management system is discussed in section 3.
2. Training of monitoring personnel
Before commencement of the O&M phase, project activity will conduct a training and quality control
program to ensure that good management practices are carried out and implemented by all project
operating personnel in terms of record-keeping, equipment calibration, overall maintenance, and
procedures for corrective action. An operation manual will be developed for the operating personnel. The
procedures for filing data and calculations to be performed by the LFG utilization operator will be included
in a daily log to be placed in the main control room.
3. Monitoring Work Program
The LFG monitoring program is a relatively simple, straight forward program designed to collect system
operating data required to safely operate the system and for the verification of the carbon credits. This
data will be collected in real time and will provide a continuous record that is easy to monitor, review, and
validate.
96
The following sections outline and discuss the following key elements of the monitoring program:
• Flow measurement;
• Gas quality measurements;
• Uncombusted methane;
• Electrical Consumption;
• Project electricity output;
• Regulatory requirements;
• Data records; and
• Data assessment and reporting.
3.1. Flow Measurement
According to ACM0001, depending on necessity, flow meters will be installed on the piping, straight
before the flares.
In order to follow ACM0001, depending on necessity, flow meters will also be installed:
• In the main piping straight after the blowers to measure the total LFG flow extracted from the
landfill;
• In the piping before the energy use to measure the LFG flow utilized for energy use.
In case of LFG is sent to consumer through dedicated pipeline, in order to follow ACM0001, flow meter
will also be installed in the piping leading to a consumer through dedicated pipeline.
The flow of LFG collected by the system and subsequently utilized, flared or sent to consumer through
dedicated pipeline are measured via individual flow measuring devices suitable for measuring the
velocity and volumetric flow of a gas. One common example is an annubar. The flow measurements are
taken within the piping itself, and the flow sensors are connected to transmitters that are capable of
collecting and sending continuous data to a recording device such as a datalogger.
The flow sensors will be calibrated according to a specified temperature and composition of the gas, thus
the flow actually measured must be corrected to according to actual temperature, pressure, and
composition, thus density, of the gas measured. The equipment selected will allow dynamic
compensation for these parameters, normalized to a standard temperature, pressure, and gas
composition. For reporting purposes, the flows are generally required to be normalized to 0C and
1.01325 bar at standard gas composition of 50% methane and carbon dioxide each by volume.
The accuracy of a flow meter is dependent on the design of the equipment, and the specific type of sensor
used, however equipment is available that will provide a minimum accuracy of +/- 2% by volume. The
97
equipment selected for the site utilizes a continuous monitoring system as defined in ACM0001, which
measures and aggregates flow data approximately once every minute.
3.2. Gas Quality
The two parameters that are most pertinent to the validation of the carbon credits, as well as the safe
and efficient operation of the system are the concentration of methane and oxygen in the gas stream
delivered for utilization or diverted to flaring. These two parameters are measured via a common sample
line that is ran to the main collection system piping, and measured in real time by two separate sensors,
one for methane and the other for oxygen, installed as per ACM0001.
Regular calibration of the equipment is especially important, as the accuracy of the methane and oxygen
sensors is greatest within the expected range of the gas stream to be measured. Equipment is readily
available that will provide an accuracy of at least +/- 1% by volume. The equipment selected for the site
aggregates gas compositions approximately once every 1 minute as per the definition of a continuous
monitoring system in ACM0001.
3.3. Uncombusted Methane
The efficiency of the open flares will be measured per the methodological “Project emissions from
flaring”.
3.4. Electrical Consumption
The consumed electricity from the grid by the project activity will be continuously measured by electricity
meters for the grid and diesel generators. The respective data will be electronically recorded.
Monthly electrical bills charged to the project will be monitored and considered as the actual energy
consumption for the project.
3.5. Project Electricity Output
The generated electricity used for the landfill internal consumption (i.e. administration offices, truck
garage, recycling plant, leachate pumps), excluding the LFG facility electricity consumption by the project
98
activity44 will be continuously measured by an electricity meter and respective data will be electronically
recorded.
The electricity output crosscheck will be made using monthly electricity invoices. The substation is located
into the project activity area. The distance between point of electricity generation and electricity
distribution is negligible.
3.6. Regulatory Requirements
Regulatory requirements relating to LFG projects will be evaluated annually by investigating municipal,
state and national regulations pertaining to LFG. This will be done through consultation with the
appropriate regulatory bodies, ongoing discussion with regulators, and monitoring of publications
delineating upcoming legislative changes governing landfills and LFG.
4. Data records and storage
Data collected from each of the parameter sensors is transmitted directly to an electronic database from
which the GS VER volume calculations may be carried out, as described in section 2.1 above. A hard copy
backup or reports of the data may be printed as required or recorded in Portable Document Format (PDF).
Backup of the electronic data is conducted every minute, as described above.
4.1. Data Assessment and Reporting
Assessment of the flow and composition data described above coupled with the operating hours of the
engines/flare and engines/flare destruction efficiencies are used to determine the quantity of the carbon
credits to be generated. For electricity generation offsets, the appropriate emission factors will be
applied.
The destruction efficiency of the flare is a function of the internal combustion temperature and resident
holding time, which are generally measured by the flare system controller and recorded for auditing
purposes. Extensive technical documentation is available that documents the destructive efficiency of
the open flares that will be used, subject to the flow rate and combustion temperature verification.
Destruction efficiency will also be assessed periodically through measurement of uncombusted methane
emissions.
As discussed in Section 2.1, flow data is normalized to standard temperature, pressure, and composition
for reporting purposes. The data will be compiled and assessed to produce the required quantification
and validation. The periodic monitoring report will contain the data required for the verification of the
44 There will not be claimed carbon credits for LFG Facility electricity consumption because the electricity consumption is a
consequence of the Project Activity.
99
carbon credits, and additionally may contain operational data from the collection system and flaring
system described below to illustrate that the system is well maintained and operating at peak efficiency.
Records of regular maintenance performed will also be a component of the annual report.
5. Related monitoring and project performance review
Project activity will conduct an additional operational monitoring of the LFG collection system to check
the project performance and ensure that the system is being operated both correctly and efficiently.
Periodic adjustments to the horizontal trenches and to the extraction wells/drains will be required to
optimize the capture and collection systems effectiveness. LFG collection field adjustments will be made
based upon a review of the trench and well performance history considered within the context of the
overall LFG collection field operation in order to maximize the collection of methane balanced against
minimization of any oxygen in the system that could introduce unsafe operating conditions. Monitoring
at each trench and extraction well will consist of the following parameters: valve position, individual
well/trench flow, individual well/trench vacuum, and composition of the gas collected, i.e., methane,
carbon dioxide, and oxygen, using a portable measuring device.
6. Emergency procedures
As a precautionary measure, system is plugged to a battery-based uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to

avoid data loss due to power failures. As a backup is produced and stored off-site from the main recording
system, no more than 2 to 3 minutes of data at a time would ever be lost due to a system malfunction.
All data are collected and registered in data log in supervisory system. In addition, there will be developed
an Emergency Plan including other types of emergencies such as fire and work accidents.
7. Calibration
All the measurement instruments will be subject to regular calibration as per manufacturer’s
specifications. The regular check and calibration will be made to the operators. The plant Manager will
be responsible for checking the equipment’s proper working order, as well as checking and storing up
the calibration certificates and records. Calibration certificates will be kept for all the equipment during
the crediting period and two years after.
The person/entity determining the baseline is as follows:
Beng Engenharia Ltda, São Paulo, Brazil
Contact person: Mr. João Sprovieri
Mr. Francisco Santo
Email: joao.sprovieri@beng.eng.br
100
francisco.santo@beng.eng.br
101

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CTR METROPOLITANA LANDFILL GAS

Document Prepared by BENG ENGENHARIA

Contact Information: info@beng.eng.br

Project title CTR Metropolitana Landfill Gas

Crediting period 10-Aug-2022 to 09-Aug-2029

Original date of issue 24/04/2024

Most recent date of

VCS Standard Version 4.6

BENG ENGENHARIA LTDA.

2 SAFEGUARDS AND STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT .......................................... 24

4 QUANTIFICATION OF ESTIMATED GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS AND

APPENDIX 1: COMMERCIALLY SENSITIVE INFORMATION.... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT

APPENDIX X: <TITLE OF APPENDIX> ..................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

i. Burning CH4 in flares and/or group generators;

The estimate of:

1 The gas is generated by the decomposition of waste in a

• Registry account management

• The landfill received Operating License n° 2021.07061152551 issued by the Environment

1.2 Audit History

Audit type Period Program Validation/verification Number of

Validation/ xxx VCS xxx One year

1.3 Sectoral Scope and Project Type

Sectoral scope4 13: Waste handling and disposal

1.4 Project Eligibility

AFOLU project eligibility

Transfer project eligibility

1.5 Project Design

☐ Multiple locations or project activity instances (but not a grouped project)

Grouped project design

1.6 Project Proponent

Organization name ALAGOAS AMBIENTAL S/A

Contact person Luciano Barros

Telephone + 55 (82) 9 9382-4602

1.7 Other Entities Involved in the Project

Organization name BENG ENGENHARIA LTDA.

Role in the project Consultancy

Contact person João Sprovieri

Address Rua Fradique Coutinho, 532|Zip Code: 05416-010|São Paulo-SP/Brazil

Telephone +55 (11) 2614 9383

• Registry account management

1.9 Project Start Date

Project start date 10-August-2022

Justification Initial commercial operation of 1 st Group Generator

Table 1 – Milestones of the project

1.10 Project Crediting Period

Crediting period ☒ Seven years, twice renewable

☐ Ten years, fixed

☐ Other (state the selected crediting period and justify how it

Start and end date of 10-August-2022 to 09-August-2029

1.11 Project Scale and Estimated GHG Emission Reductions or Removals

☒ < 300,000 tCO2e/year (project)

Estimated GHG emission reductions or removals

Total estimated ERRs during the 667,809

Total number of years 7

Average annual ERRs 95,401

1.12 Description of the Project Activity

i. Burning CH4 in flares and/or group generators;

9 The gas is generated by the decomposition of waste in a