HEAT ENERGY

CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER :

Question 1.
A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning because the
marble tile
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile
(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished
(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile
(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile
Answer:
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile

Question 2.
A beggar wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on a cold winter night. This helped
him to keep himself warm because [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat
(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surroundings
Answer:
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat

Question 3.
Heat always flows
(a) from a colder object to a hotter object
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object
(c) in both the directions
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object

Question 4.
Paheli and Boojho measured their body temperature. Paheli found her to be 98.6°F and Boojho
recorded 37°C. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Paheli has a higher body temperature than Boojho.
(b) Paheli has a lower body temperature than Boojho.
(c) Both have normal body temperature.
(d) Both are suffering from fever.
Answer:
(c) These two temperatures are different scales but their actual values are equal.
Question 5.
Boojho has three thermometers as shown in figure. He wants to measure the temperature of his
body and that of boiling water. Which thermometer(s) should he choose? [NCERT Exemplar]

(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) for measuring body temperature and (ii) for measuring the
temperature of boiling water
(b) Thermometer (i) for measuring temperature of both
(c) Thermometer (ii) for measuring temperature of both
(d) Thermometer (iii) for measuring temperature of both
Answer:
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) are clinical thermometer and (ii) is laboratory thermometer.

Question 6.
Four arrangements to measure temperature of ice in beaker with laboratory thermometer are
shown in figure (a, b, c, d). Which one of them shows the correct arrangement for accurate
measurement of temperature?

Answer:
(a) Thermometer (a) has been put in correct way to measure the temperature.

Question 7.

Figure (a, b, c, d) shows the reading of four different thermometers. Indicate which of the
reading shows the normal human body temperature?
Answer:
(c) As we know that normal body temperature is 37°C. So, correct option is (c). .

Question 8.
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows a student reading of a doctor’s thermometer. Which of the figure
indicates the correct method of reading temperature? [NCERT Exemplar]

Answer:
(a) In first case, eyes of student are in level of the thermometer, so it is correct way to measure
temperature using clinical thermometer.

Question 9.

A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning, because the
marble tile

(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.

(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished.

(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile.

(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile.

Solution:
(a)

Question 10.

A beggar wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on a cold winter night. This helped
him to keep himself warm because

(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat.

(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat.

(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat.

(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surrounding.

Solution:

(b) So, heat from his body would not escape to the surroundings.

Question 11.

Paheli and Boojho measured their body temperature. Paheli found her’s to be 98.6 °F and Boojho
recorded 37°C. Which of the following statement is true?

(a) Paheli has a higher body temperature than Boojho.

(b) Paheli has a lower body temperature than Boojho.

(c) Both have normal body temperature.

(d) Both are suffering from fever.

Solution:

(c) Celcius (°C) and Fahrenheit (°F) are two different scales used for the measurement of
temperature.
Question 12.

Boojho has three thermometers as shown in figure. He wants to measure the temperature of his
body and that of boiling water. Which thermometer(s) should he choose?

(a) Thermometer (i) or (iii) for measuring body temperature and (ii) for measuring the
temperature of boiling water.

(b) Thermometer (i) for measuring temperature of both.

(c) Thermometer (ii) for measuring temperature of both.

(d) Thermometer (iii)for measuring temperature of both.

Solution:

(a)

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

Question 1.
Temperature is the measure of …….. of an object.
Answer:hotness

Question 2.
The thermometer used to measure human body temperature is called …….. thermometer.
Answer:clinical
Question 3.
The normal temperature of human body is …….. °C.
Answer:37

Question 4.
A …… near the bulb of a clinical thermometer prevents mercury level from falling of its own.
Answer:kink

Question 5.
In ……. generally, the heat is transferred by the process of conduction.
Answer:solids

Question 6.
The water and air are …… conductors of heat.
Answer:poor

Question 7.
In coastal areas, cold air flows in the day from sea to land. It is called …….
Answer:sea breeze

Question 8.
When we come out in the sun, we feel ……..
Answer:warm

Question 9.
All hot bodies radiate ……..
Answer:heat

Question 10.
Wool is a ……. conductor of heat.
Answer:poor

TRUE/FALSE:

Question 1.
Our sense of touch about hotness or coldness is not always reliable.
Answer:True
Question 2.
Normal temperature of human body is 98.6°C.
Answer:False, it is because the normal temperature of human body is 37°C.

Question 3.
In all cases, heat flows from a hotter object to a colder object.
Answer:True

Question 4.
Water at higher temperature feels more hot.
Answer:True

Question 5.
Marking on clinical thermometer is from 0°C to 100°C.
Answer:False, it is because the markings on the clinical thermometer is from 35°C to 100°C.

Question 6.
Shining thread in thermometer is the column of mercury.
Answer:True

Question 7.
The materials which allow heat to pass through them easily are called conductors.
Answer:True

Question 8.
Water and air are good conductors of heat.
Answer:False, it is because water and air are the poor conductors of heat.

SHORT ANSWER:

Question 1.
A circular metal loop is heated at point O as shown in figure.

(i) In which direction would heat flow in the loop?

(ii) In which order the pins at points P, Q and R fixed with the help of wax fall if points O, P, Q
and 8 are equidistant from each other?
Solution:
(i) The heat will flow in both the directions i.e. from O to P and O to R.
(ii) At first the pins at R and P will fall simultaneously followed by the pin at Q.

Question 2.
In the arrangements A and 8 shown in figure, pins P and Q are fixed to a metal loop and an iron
rod with the help of wax. In which case are both the pins likely to fall at different times? Explain.

Solution:
In case B, the pin P will fall before the pin Q because the heat will reach pin P first. In case A,
the heat travels in both the directions and pins P and Q will fall simultaneously.

Question 3
For setting curd, a small amount of curd is added to warm milk. The microbes present in the curd
help in setting if the temperature of the mixture remains approximately between 35°C to 40°C.
At places, where room temperature remains much below the range, setting of curd becomes
difficult. Suggest a way to set curd in such a situation.
Solution:
(i) In order to maintain the desired temperature of the mixture, the container can be wrapped
either by woollen material or any other poor conductor of heat. Alternatively, the mixture can be
kept in a heat resistant container.
(ii) The container can be kept in the sun or near the gas stove while cooking.

Question 4.
You may have noticed that a few sharp jerks are given to clinical thermometer before using it.
Why is it done so?
Solution:
A clinical thermometer has a kink which prevents immediate backflow of the mercury from the
tube to the bulb, thus allowing us to read the temperature conveniently. This is the reason why
we give a jerk to the thermometer before taking a new reading. The jerk positions the mercury
below the kink into the bulb.

Question 5.
Why is it advised not to hold the thermometer by its bulb while reading it?
Solution:
It is advised not to hold the thermometer by its bulb while reading it because on holding a
thermometer by its bulb, the mercury in the bulb expands due to our body temperature and gives
false reading.

Question 6.
At a camp site there are tents of two shades – one made with black fabric and the other with
white fabric. Which one will you prefer for resting on a hot summer afternoon? Give reason for
your choice. Would you like to prefer the same tent during winter?
Solution:
(i) On a hot summer afternoon, the tent made up of white fabric will be preferred as white colour
is a bad absorber and good reflector of heat.
(ii) No, the black fabric tent will be preferred during winter.

Question 7.
While constructing a house in a coastal area, in which direction should the windows preferably
face and why?
Solution:
The windows of houses in coastal areas should preferably face towards the sea as sea breeze will
keep it cool during day time.

Question 8.
Observe the picture given in figure. Water is being boiled in a pan of wide base.

(i) Which position P or T will feel warmer?

(ii) Fill up the boxes P and T to indicate the mode of flow of heat to the hand.
Solution:
(i) Position P will feel warmer than T because when the air gets heated, it rises upwards.
(ii) P → Convection
T → Radiation

Question 9.
Look at figure.
The length of wire PQ in case of A is equal to the diameter of the semicircle formed by the wire
CDE, in case B. One pin is attached to each wire with the help of wax as shown in figure. Which
pin will fall first? Explain.
Solution:
The pin on the wire in case A will fall first as heat will reach to it before it reaches the pin in case
B (as CDE > PQ). In both the cases, heat is transferred to the pins mainly through conduction.

Question 10.
Shopkeepers selling ice blocks usually cover them with jute sacks. Explain why.
Solution:
Shopkeepers selling ice blocks usually cover them with jute sacks because jute sack is an
insulating material so it prevents ice from melting at a faster rate.

Question 11.
A laboratory thermometer A is kept 7 cm away on the side of the flame while a similar
thermometer 8 is kept 7 cm above the flame of a candle as shown in figure.

Which of the thermometers, A or 8, will show a greater rise in temperature? Give reason for your
answer.
Solution:
Thermometer B will show a greater rise in temperature because hot air rises up or air on the top
of the candle flame is getting heated by convection.

Question 12.
To keep her soup warm Paheli wrapped the container in which it was kept with a woollen cloth.
Can she apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool? Give reason for your answer.
Solution:
Yes, she can apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool because wool is a poor
conductor of heat.

Question 13.
In a mercury thermometer, the level of mercury rises when its bulb comes in contact with a hot
object. What is the reason for this rise in the level of mercury?
Solution:
It is a property of mercury to expand when heated. Hence, after expansion it rises in the capillary
tube