St Paul's Academy

STD- 7 CHEMISTRY
Chapter - 1
Matter and Its Compostion
EXERCISE (ANSWER KEY)
SECTION-I

A. 1. Matterr 2. Atomr 3. Gasr 4. rrowntan moionr 5. Soltd.

r. 1. a)Woodr 2.d) does not varyr 3.b) Cohestve forcer 4.d) Oxygenr 5. C) Soltd

C. 1→dr 2→er 3→br 4→cr 5→a

D. 1 (T)r 2 (T)r 3 (F) Most gasses can't be seen wtth our naked eyes. 4 (F) An Atom ts the smallest untt of matter.
5 (T)

E. 1. Massr 2. Mass, wetght. 3. Atom. 4. Pure. 5. Element.

SECTION II
F.
1. Least tntermolecular force of attracion among the gas paricles.

2. In gas tnterparicle force of attracion ts less than ltqutd.

3. Gases can fow tn any dtrecion and ltqutds can fow from htgh level to low level t.e both have the
Abtltty to fow.

4. Here water ts a compound and hydrogen, oxygen are the consituent elements. We know that the
properies of a compound dtfer from those of tts consituent elements.

5. Heltum ts a noble element whtch ts chemtcally tnert tn nature.

G.
1. Matter- Matter ts anythtng that occuptes space and has mass.
2. Mass - The amount of matter contatns tn a substance.
3. Element - A pure substance that ts made up of one ktnd of atom.
4. Compound - A pure substance where two or more elements chemtcally combtned tn a fxed raio. 5.
Cohesive force - The tnterparicle force between the same type of paricles.

H.
1. Element- a) A pure substance that ts made up of one ktnd of atom.
b) Cannot be broken down tnto stmpler substances by phystcal or chemtcal means.
Compound - a) A pure substance where two or more elements chemtcally combtned tn a fxed raio. b)
Can be broken down tnto consituent elements by chemtcal method.

2. Pure substance - a) Has well defned phystcal and chemtcal properies. b) It cannot be broken down by stmple
phystcal and chemtcal means. (Compound may be broken by chemtcal means)
 Mixture- a) It ts formed when two or more pure substances combtne phystcally. b) Mtxtures can be broken by
stmple phystcal methods.

3. Atom - a) It ts the bastc untt of matter, whtch may or may not have tndependent extstence.
b) cannot be broken further.

Molecule- a) Smallest paricle of a compound or formed when two or more atoms combtne and ts capable of
tndependent extstence.
b) Can be broken tnto consituent atoms.

4. Solid- a) Have defntte shape.

b) recause of htgh tnterparicle force cannot fow.

Fluid- a) Don’t have any defntte shape.

b) recause of low tnterparicle force have the abtltty to fow.

5. Liquid- a) Have defntte volume but don’t have any defntte shape.
b) Can be compressed a ltttle.

Gas- a) Don’t have defntte shape or volume.

b) Can be eastly compressed t.e. have htgh compresstbtltty.

1. Three statesr Soltd, Ltqutd and Gas.

2. The amount of matter contatns tn a substance.

Mass rematns same everywhere but the wetght vartes wtth Gravtty.

3. The erraic movement of mtcroscoptc paricles tn a futd, as a result of coninuous

bombardment from other paricles and from paricles of the surroundtng medtum ts
rrowntan moion.
rrowntan moion ts htgh tn gas, tn ltqutd tt ts a btt less than gas and tn soltd tt ts absent.

4. Substance whtch has fxed chemtcal and phystcal properies.

Pure substance ts made up wtth one ktnd of paricles.

5. Accordtng to the theory of the pariculate nature of matter, matter ts made up of

very small paricles(atoms or molecules).

6. The tnterparicle force between the same type of paricles.

7. The force of attracion that extsts between the paricles of matter ts called tnter-paricle force of attracion.
The space that extsts between the paricles of matter ts called tnter-pariclespace.

8. Heltum (He) and Neon (Ne).

J.
1. Water (H2O) ts a compound and taktng tt as an example we can dtscuss the properies
of compound tn the followtng way-
t) In compound consituent elements combtne chemtcally tn a fxed raio.
In water also two consituent elements H and O combtne chemtcally tn 2:1 raio.
tt) The properies of a compound dtfer from those of tts consituent elements.
Properies of water ts dtferent from tts consituents' H and O, as water ts ltqutd but H and O
ts gas. Agatn water does not support burntng but oxygen support burntng and Hydrogen ts a
combusible gas.
ttt) The elements present tn a compound cannot be separated by stmple phystcal
methods. They can only be separated by chemtcal method. In water the consituents cannot
be separated by easy phystcal method, by electrolysts we can separate H and O. So from the
above dtscusston we can conclude that water ts a compound.

2. Page No- 17 [Table 1.1, Dtferencesbetween thethree states of matterr

3. Carbon dt oxtde (CO2) ts a compound. Taktng thts as an example we wtll tllustrate the properies of a compound
In the followtng way:
t) In compound consituent elements combtne chemtcally tn a fxed raio.
In water also two consituent elements C and O combtne chemtcally tn 1:2 raio.
tt) The properies of a compound dtfer from those of tts consituent elements.
Properies of CO2 ts dtferent from tts consituents C and O, as Carbon(C) ts soltd but
O ts gas. Agatn CO2 used to exingutsh fre but oxygen support burntng and
Carbon ts a combusible substance.
ttt) The elements present tn a compound cannot be separated by stmple phystcal
methods. They can only be separated by chemtcal method. In CO 2, the consituents
cannot be separated by easy phystcal method.
So from the above dtscusston we can conclude that CO 2 ts a compound.

4. page - 17r Ftg 1.6 [Pariculate nature of matter and states of matterr
5. page-15 Acivtty. (Not tmportant for exam.)