MATH 111 Algebra and Precalc Review

I. Algebra Review

Exponent Review
1 √
n √
• x−n = xk/n = xk = [ n x]k
xn
xk
n
• xk · xn = xk+n = xk−n xk = xkn
xn
 n
x xn
• (xy)n = xn · y n = n
y y

Logarithm Review: y = logb (x) ←→ by = x

• Common Log: log(x) = log10 (x) Natural Log: ln(x) = loge (x)
 
x
• logb (xy) = logb (x) + logb (y) logb = logb (x) − logb (y) logb (xn ) = n · logb (x)
y

• logb (bx ) = x blogb (x) = x

loga (x)
• Change of Base: logb (x) =
loga (b)

Algebra I and II Skills/Topics to Review and Know

• Equations of lines

• Solving systems of linear equations

• Factoring: ax2 + bx + c, Difference of squares, By grouping

• Solving quadratic equations: By factoring, Quadratic formula

• Adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing rational expressions

• Solving rational equations

• Solving inequalities

• Interval notation

II. Function Review

Parent Functions: Know the graphs and domain of each of the following functions

• y = c, x = k Domain: all real #s • |x| Domain: all real #s

• y = mx + b Domain: all real #s • bx , b−x , ex Domain: all real #s
• x2 , x3 , x4 , ... Domain: all real #s
√ • logb (x), ln(x) Domain: x > 0
• x Domain: x ≥ 0
√ 1 1
• 3x Domain: all real #s • , Domain: x 6= 0
x x2

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Graphs of Parent Functions

Even function: f (−x) = f (x) symmetric about y-axis

Odd function: f (−x) = −f (x) symmetric about origin

Composition of Functions: (f ◦ g)(x) = f g(x)

Inverse function, f −1 (x): If f is one-to-one, f −1 (b) = a if f (a) = b

• (f ◦ f −1 )(x) = x and (f −1 ◦ f )(x) = x

• Domain of f = range of f −1 and range of f = domain of f −1

• To find the inverse of f , switch x and f (x) and solve for f (x)

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III. Trig Review
SOH CAH TOA

Special Right Triangles

Reciprocal Functions

Notation for powers of trig functions: sin2 (x) = [sin(x)]2

Pythagorean Identities

sin2 (x) + cos2 (x) = 1 1 + tan2 (x) = sec2 (x) 1 + cot2 (x) = csc2 (x)

Inverse Trig

• Notation: arcsin(x) = sin−1 (x) arccos(x) = cos−1 (x)

• For inverse trig functions, the −1 notation does NOT mean to the −1 power. It represents the inverse of
the trig function