Computer

Components
 index
Content in this presentation

01 What is hardware?
04 What is Softwar?

02 Use of Hardware
05 Use of software

03 Hardware components
06 Software components
 What is
hardware?
Computer hardware is a collective term used to describe any
of the physical components of an analog or digital computer.
The term hardware distinguishes the tangible aspects of a
computing device from software, which consists of written,
machine-readable instructions or programs that tell physical
components what to do and when to execute the instructions.
It can be categorized as being either internal or external
components. Generally, internal hardware components are
those necessary for the proper functioning of the computer,
while external hardware components are attached to the
computer to add or enhance functionality.

Use 1
Processing: Hardware
components like the
processor and memory are
responsible for processing
information and performing
calculations. They take the
data provided by the
software and turn it into
instructions that the
computer can understand
and act on.
Uses of hardware
Use 2
Storage: Hardware
components like storage
devices such as hard disks
and SSDs (Solid State Drives)
are used to store data,
including the operating
system, programs, and user
data
Use 3 Use 4
1. Input and Output: You can 1. Connectivity: Hardware
use input devices like components like network
keyboards and mice to cards and WiFi adapters
provide data to a allow computers to
computer, and output connect to the Internet
devices like monitors and and communicate with
speakers to see and hear other devices.
the information that the
computer provides.
 Components
Hardware
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU is the "brain" of the computer, it executes instructions and performs calculations.
2. Random Access Memory (RAM): RAM is a type of temporary storage space used by the CPU to temporarily store data and
instructions that the CPU is currently using.
3. Motherboard: The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all the other components of the computer system. It
provides power to the other components and facilitates communication between them.
4. Storage Device: The storage device is where all the data and programs are stored on a computer. It can be a hard disk drive
(HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), or a flash drive.
5. Power Supply Unit (PSU): The PSU is responsible for delivering the necessary power to the computer components. It converts
the AC power from the electrical outlet into the DC power required by the computer components.
6. Graphics Card: The graphics card is responsible for rendering high-quality images and animations on the computer's display
screen.
7. Monitor: The monitor is the display screen where the user sees the output from the computer.
8. Keyboard: its an input devices used by the user to provide data, to the computer.
9. Mouse: also an input devise who provides data
10. Speakers: The speakers are used to output sound from the computer
 Hardware components
1 2 3 4
 Hardware components
9 10
 What is
software?
Software is a set of computer programs and associated
documentation and data.[1] This is in contrast to hardware,
from which the system is built and which actually performs the
work.
At the lowest programming level, executable code consists of
machine language instructions supported by an individual
processor—typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a
graphics processing unit (GPU). Machine language consists of
groups of binary values signifying processor instructionsthat
change the state of the computer from its preceding state
 Uses of software
Use 1 Use 2 Use 3 Use 4
Processing information: Increasing efficiency: Making complex tasks easy: Anlysing data: Software can
Software can process Software can automate and Software can make complex analyze and interpret large
information and perform streamline processes, tasks easily accessible to a quantities of data, providing
tasks that would otherwise reducing errors and wider audience. valuable insights for
require a large number of increasing efficiency. decision-making.
people or a great deal of
time.
 Components
software
1. Operating system: This is the basic software layer that allows applications to run on your computer or device.
2. Application programs: These are the specific programs you use to achieve a task, such as a word processor or a video game.
3. Databases: These are programs that store large amounts of data in a structured format.
4. Middleware: This is a layer of software between the operating system and the application programs that allows applications
to communicate with each other and with other systems.
5. Programming languages: These are the languages used to write computer programs, such as Python, Java, and C++.
6. User interfaces: These are the graphical and physical components of software that allow users to interact with the software,
such as windows and buttons.
7. Development environments: These are programs that allow developers to create and test software, such as Eclipse and Visual
Studio.
8. Configuration management: This is a system of managing changes to software and ensuring that everyone working on the
software has the same version.
9. Performance testing: This is a process of measuring the performance of software to ensure that it is fast and efficient.
10. Documentation: This is a written explanation of how the software works, including user guides, technical manuals, and
developer documentation