ME-3100 Basic Thermal Engineering

Tutorial – 8

1. A circuit board of 15 cm x 15 cm, dissipating 15 W uniformly, is cooled by air flowing over it at 5 m/s
and 20oC. There is no heat transfer from the back side of the board. Due to projected electronic
components on the board, the flow is turbulent. Values of k,  and Pr at 35oC are 0.02625 W/m-K, 1.655
x 10-5 m2/s and 0.7268, respectively. What is the surface temperature of the components (a) at the leading
edge and (b) at the end of the board? Local Nusselt number correlation for laminar and turbulent flows
1/2 4/5
are respectively 𝑁𝑢𝑥 = 0.332 𝑅𝑒𝑥 𝑃𝑟 1/3 and 𝑁𝑢𝑥 = 0.0296 𝑅𝑒𝑥 𝑃𝑟 1/3

2. A transformer 10 cm long, 6.2 cm wide and 5 cm high is cooled by an aluminum heat sink of 10 cm x 6.2
cm, which has seven fins of 5 mm high, 2 mm thick and 10 cm long. A fan blows air at 25 oC parallel to
the passages between the fins. Heat sink has to dissipate 20 W and its base temperature not to exceed
60oC. Assume the base and fins are isothermal. Determine the minimum free stream velocity of the air to
maintain the base temperature. Values of k,  and Pr are 0.02681 W/m-K, 1.726 x 10-5 m2/s and 0.7248,
1/2
respectively. Nu correlation for laminar flow over flat plate is 𝑁𝑢𝐿 = 0.664 𝑅𝑒𝐿 𝑃𝑟 1/3.

3. A system for heating of water from an inlet temperature of 20°C to an outlet temperature of 60°C involves
passing the water through a thick-walled tube of inner and outer diameters of 20 mm and 40 mm. The
outer surface of the tube is well insulated, and electrical heating within the wall provides a uniform heat
generation at the rate of 106 W/m3. What is the length of the tube to achieve the desired outlet temperature,
if water mass flow rate is 0.1 kg/s? What is the local heat transfer coefficient at the outlet, if the inner
surface temperature of the tube at the outlet is 70°C?

4. A double-pipe parallel-flow heat exchanger is to heat water of specific heat 4180 𝐽/𝑘𝑔.℃ from 25 ℃ to
60 ℃ at a rate of 0.2 𝑘𝑔/𝑠. The heating
is to be accomplished by geothermal
water of specific heat 4310 𝐽/𝑘𝑔.℃
available at 140 ℃ at a mass flow rate
of 0.3 𝑘𝑔/𝑠. The inner tube is thin-
walled and has a diameter of 8 𝑚𝑚. If
the overall heat transfer coefficient of
the heat exchanger is 550 𝑊/𝑚2.℃,
determine the length of the heat
exchanger required to achieve the desired heating.

5. A double-pipe counter-flow heat exchanger is to cool ethylene glycol of specific heat 2560 𝐽/𝑘𝑔.℃
flowing at a rate of 3.5 𝑘𝑔/𝑠 from 80 ℃ to 40 ℃ by
water that enters at 20 ℃ and leaves at 55 ℃. The
specific heat of water is 4180 𝐽/𝑘𝑔.℃. The overall
heat transfer coefficient based on the inner surface
area of the tube is 250 𝑊/𝑚2.℃. Determine (a) the rate
of heat transfer, (b) the mass flow rate of water, and
(c) the heat transfer surface area on the inner side of
the tube.