RESEARCH INSTRUMENT IN ENGLISH VERSION

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS
Research Title: knowledge and practice regarding body mechanics among the nurses of selected
hospital of Pokhara
Direction: Read out the questions one by one and tick (√) for the correct option. You can
choose more than one options in multiple response questions (#). Write answer in blank
space.

PART I

A. (SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION)
1. Age (in completed years) …………

2. Marital status
a. Married c. unmarried
b. Divorced d. widow
3. How many children’s do you have?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4

4. Educational Level
a. Auxiliary Nurses midwife (ANM)
b. Proficiency Certificate Level (PCL)
c. Bachelor in Nursing Science (BNS/BN)
d. Bachelor of science in Nursing (B.Sc.)

5. Current working area ……………

6. Years of Work Experience……………

7. Working hours/ day ………………

8. Position Junior nurses

a. staff nurses
 b. ANM
c. In-charge
d. Trainee staff nurse

9. Do you have any musculoskeletal problems before the exposure to clinical area?
a. Yes
b. No

Part II: 3W:

1. Which of the following is the correct definition of body mechanics?
a. The utilization of all the muscles that are used every day
b. The utilization of all our tired and aching muscles
c. The utilization of correct muscles to complete a task safe and efficiently,
d. The utilization of all the muscles correctly to finish a task

2. What is the primary purpose of using proper body mechanics in nursing practice?
a. To impress patients and colleagues with professionalism
b. To avoid physical strain and reduce the risk of injury
c. To increase efficiency in completing tasks quickly
d. To demonstrate strength and capability

3. Principles of body mechanics are

a. A set of rules that enable a person to lift heavy objects when they would not otherwise be
able.
b. A set of rules that help maintain correct body posture during any movement.
c. A set of rules that help maintain a person's weight.
d. A set of rules designed to optimize overall health and wellbeing.

4. An example of poor body mechanics is:

a. Keeping objects close to the body when lifting them
b. Keeping knees straight when working at the bedside
c. Keeping feet apart to provide a wide base of support
d. Pushing heavy objects rather than lifting them

5. What is the primary cause of musculoskeletal injuries among nurses? (select multiple)
a. Heavy lifting without proper technique
b. Prolonged standing
c. Repetitive movements
d. Manual handling of patients with inadequate assistance
 e. Lack of awareness about proper body mechanics

6. The most stable base of support when lifting heavy objects is:
a. Standing with feet close together
b. Standing with feet spread apart
c. Standing on one foot
d. Sitting on a stool

7. How does maintaining a wide base of support contribute to proper body mechanics during
patient transfers?
a) It increases the risk of imbalance and falls
b) It reduces the risk of injury by providing stability
c) It decreases the need for communication with patients
d) It promotes rapid patient transfers

8. When turning you should:

a. Move your upper body only.
b. Move your whole body.
c. Move your lower body
d. Neither

9. Once an object has been lifted, the Nurses should keep the object:
a. Under your arm
b. Held to the side of the body
c. As close to the body as possible
d. In front of the body at shoulder height

10. Which of the following actions can help prevent back injuries when sitting for long periods?
a) Slouching in the chair
b) Using a footstool to elevate the legs
c) Leaning forward with the back rounded
d) All of the above

11. During a busy shift, a nurse notices they have been standing in one position for an extended
period. What action should the nurse take to maintain proper body mechanics?
a. Ignore the discomfort and continue working to finish tasks on time
b. Shift weight from one foot to the other periodically and take short breaks to stretch
c. Request assistance from a colleague to complete tasks that require standing
d. Holding onto nearby objects for support

12. What is the proper technique for repositioning a patient in bed?

 a) Pull the patient across the bed using their arms
b) Use a turning sheet to slide the patient
c) Roll the patient onto their side and then onto their back
d) All of the above

13. which of the following statements are true regarding the role of abdominal muscles in
supporting your spine when you lift patient or object ? Select all that apply.

a. Abdominal muscles provide stability to the spine during lifting movements.

b. Strong abdominal muscles can help reduce the risk of back injuries while lifting.
c. Activation of abdominal muscles helps maintain proper posture during lifting.
d. Weak abdominal muscles exert excessive strain on the spine during lifting.
e. Engaging abdominal muscles primarily aids in upper body strength during lifting.

14. What action should nurses take if an object is too heavy or out of reach?
a) Attempt to lift it regardless
b) Ask for assistance from a colleague or use assistive devices
c) Use excessive force to reach it
d) Ignore the object

15. What is the recommended technique for nurses to use when pushing, a heavy object, such as
a stretcher?
a. Use only upper body strength to push
b. Push with the feet close together
c. Keep the back straight and use the legs to push
d. Lean forward and push with the arm

16. When providing care to the patient, the bed should be

a. The bed should be at the highest level
b. The bed should be at the lowest level
c. The bed should be at waist level
d. The bed height does not matter

17. What is the recommended approach for a nurse to lift a heavy object/ patient from the floor
while maintaining proper body mechanics?
a) Bend at the waist and reach down to lift the object
b) Squat by bending the knees, keeping the back straight, and lift with leg muscles
c) Twist the body while lifting to get a better grip on the object
 d) Use quick, jerking motions to lift the object rapidly

18. When lifting patient why are we asked to use our arms and legs and not our back?
a. Arms and legs are more flexible than our back
b. Leg muscles are stronger, larger muscles capable of great work without injury
c. The leg and arms more leverage to pull a weight
d. All of the above

19. While logrolling patients, nurses should:

a) Lift the patient's entire body weight without assistance
b) Perform the maneuver quickly to save time
c) Maintain proper alignment of the patient's spine throughout the movement
d) Bend their back while rolling the patient.

20. When transferring weak persons from a bed to a wheelchair you should:
a. Set the bed height lower than the wheel chair.
b. Keep the weight of the person away and then shift
c. Use knees to brace against their knees to prevent their knees from buckling.
d. None

21. What is the most appropriate technique for lifting a patient from a wheelchair to a bed?
a. Grasping the patient under the armpits and lifting
b. Using a gait belt and providing support from the waist and knees
c. Pulling the patient/resident with sudden jerky movements so that you are able to move
the patient/resident alone
d. Encouraging the patient to stand independently

22. Before assisting a patient into a wheelchair, check to see if the

a. patient is adequately covered
b. floor is clean
c. door to the room is closed
d. wheels of the chair are locked
Part III: PRACTICE SCALE OF BODY MECHANISM
S.N. Applying body Strongly agree Neutral disagree Strongly
mechanics agree disagree
A. When sitting B. C.
1. I keep my back
straight and
place support
behind back
while sitting.
D. When standing E. F.
2 While standing,
I Stand up
straight with
ears, shoulders,
hips and ankles
in alignment
with each other,
I keep feet’s
apart and keep
one foot a little
bit in front of
the other for
wide base
support
3. I frequently
shift my weight
from one leg to
the other to
alleviate
discomfort
while standing
4. I adjust the
height of the
bed to a
comfortable
working level to
minimize
bending and
stooping during
patient care
tasks.
G. When Pulling or Pushing H. I.
5. Whenever
possible, roll,
push, and pull
objects instead
 of lifting
6. I use bed-
sheet/draw
sheet to move
the patient
J. Lifting K. L.
7. I bend hips and
knees and keep
back straight
when lifting.
8. I ask help from
a friend if I
have to lift big
object or patient
or object
9. While holding
or lifting an
object, I stay as
close and
tighten the
abdominal
muscles as
possible to
object
10. while
transferring
patient from
bed to
wheelchair, I
pivot towards
wheelchair,
keeping my
back straight
11 I use assistive
devices (gait
belt, slider
boards,
mechanical
lifts) as required
to position
patients and
transfer them
from one
surface to
another.
M. Reaching N. O.
 12. I practice
Hyperextension
to reach on
other side of the
bed
13. Always use a
stool or a ladder
to reach objects
that are too
high.
14. Remove the
side rails and
get the patient
closer to the
care provider
towards the
edge of the bed
while
performing any
procedure at
bedside.
15. Take regular
breaks to stretch
when you have to
maintain a given
position for long
periods