NAME: CO, CHYNNA R.

YEAR AND SECTION: BPA 2-B

TITLE OF REPORT: PA 221 PUBLIC POLICY AND PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

Objectives:
1. Define Public Policy.
2. Explain the Public features of a public policy, and how policy is influenced by
some factors.
3. Identify the Nature and Concepts of public policy and the two broad categories of
regulatory policies.

Learning Contents:

Introduction:

Public Policy- It refers to a set of actions the government takes to address issues within
society. Public policy addresses issues that affect a wider swath of society, rather than those
pertaining to smaller groups. It is commitment to a course or plan of action agreed to by a group
of people with the power to carry it out. A purposive course of action or inaction undertaken by
an actor or set of actors in dealing with a problem or matter of concern.
VALID FEATURES OF A PUBLIC POLICY:
a. Intentions- The purposes or reasons of government action.
b. Goals- It’s officially stated ends to be achieved.
c. Decisions- Have a specific action that is taken to set goals, develop
plans, implement, and evaluate programs.
d. Plans- It means for achieving the desired goals.
e. Programs- Having an authorized means for pursuing goals.
f. Effects- The effects that programs have on society, whether intended or
unintended.

PUBLIC POLICY IS INFLUENCED BY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS:

i. Dominant ideology – economic, political, spiritual.

ii. Social and economic conditions.
iii. Prevailing political values.
iv. Public mood at any given time.
v. Structure and type of government.
vi. Influenced of the National and Local cultural norms.

REASONS TO STUDY PUBLIC POLICY

- Scientific Reason. To help us better understand the nature of political behavior

and its relationship with policy making.

- Professional Reason. To learn the skills involved in policy analysis.

- Political Reason. To provide us with the tools to have an influence on the system.

- Practical Reason. To improve existing programs and activities of the

organization.

Nature and Concepts of Public Policy

A policy is a standing decision characterized by behavioral consistency and
repetitiveness on the part of both those who make it and those who abide by it.
Whether in the public or private sector, policies also can be thought of as the
instruments through which societies regulate themselves and attempt to channel
human behavior in acceptable directions.

Policy Types:

1. Distributive Policy- A type of policy that takes a resource

from a broad group of people and gives the resource to a
narrower group.

2. Regulatory Policy- A policy that is intended to govern the

conduct of business.

Two broad categories of Regulatory Policies:

a. Competitive Regulatory Policy- It involves policies

designed to limit the provision of goods and
services to one or a few designated deliverers,
who are chosen from a larger number of competing
potential deliverers.

b. Protective Regulatory Policy- A type of policy that

seeks to protect the public and consumers from
market problems, such as deceptive advertising,
faulty products, or negative externalities.

Video reference:
https://youtu.be/egDpUe89ev0

Vocabulary Words:
Public Policy- A purposive course of action or inaction undertaken by an actor or set of
actors in dealing with a problem or matter of concern.

Policy- is a standing decision characterized by behavioral consistency and

repetitiveness on the part of both those who make it and those who abide by it.

Political Values- It is what makes a particular person support a specific ideology. This
concept has been modified throughout recent history by the emergence of new ideas.

Dominant Ideology- An ideology is defined as a system of beliefs and values that not
only seek to describe the world but also to transform it.

Distributive Policy- A type of policy that takes a resource from a broad group of people
and gives the resource to a narrower group.

Competitive Regulatory Policy- It involves policies designed to limit the

provision of goods and services to one or a few designated deliverers, who
are chosen from a larger number of competing potential deliverers.

Protective Regulatory Policy- A type of policy that seeks to protect the public and
consumers from market problems, such as deceptive advertising, faulty products, or
negative externalities.

Regulatory Policy- A policy that is intended to govern the conduct of business.

QUIZ (Multiple Choice)

1. It refers to a set of actions the government takes to address issues within

society. Public policy addresses issues that affect a wider swath of society,
rather than those pertaining to smaller groups.

A. Private Policy
B. Public Policy
C. Government Policy
Answer: B) Public Policy
 2. It means for achieving the desired goals.

A. Plans
B. Goals
C. Intentions
Answer: B) Goals

3. The purposes or reasons of government action.

A. Effects
B. Intensions
C. Decisions

Answer: A) Intentions

4. Having an authorized means for pursuing goals.

A. Goals
B. Plans
C. Programs

Answer: C) Programs

5. How many factors can be influenced our Public Policy?

A. 6
B. 4
C. 8
Answer: A) 6

6-7. Different reasons to study Public Policy?

Scientific
Political
Experimental
Professional
 Practical
Personal
Answer: The 4 Except Experimental and Personal

8. A type of policy that takes a resource from a broad group of people and
gives the resource to a narrower group.

A. Regulatory Policy
B. Distributive Policy
C. Public Policy

Answer: B) Distributive Policy

9. A policy that are intended to govern the conduct of business.

A. Regulatory Policy
B. Distributive Policy
C. Private Policy

Answer: A) Regulatory Policy

10. The Two broad categories of Regulatory Policies are?

Competitive Regulatory Policy

Research Regulatory Policy
Protective Regulatory Policy

Answer: Competitive Regulatory Policy and Protective Regulatory

Policy

Summary:
In representative democracies, the relationship between public opinion and public policy
is particularly significant because we expect elected officials to be interested in the
opinions of the people. Unsurprisingly, a substantial amount of research examines the
possibility that public preferences influence policy. A literature review considers the
processes via which preferences are translated into policies. Additional research
investigates whether and to what extent the degree of opinion representation changes
between political institutions and issues in a systematic manner. Public opinion is both a
dependent variable in this study, one that results from the policy itself, and an
independent variable that plays a significant role in influencing changes in public policy.
In fact, the continuation of public response and policy representation is essential to the
operation of representative democracy.

Conclusion:
This course emphasizes the on how Public Policy works that can influence in our
community. Policy sciences emerged as a very inter-disciplinary field, drawing on
several concepts across disciplines. There remains a question of whether these terms
and concepts can be used to understand public policy processes. Within the public
policy scholarship, there is a burning question of whether tools, theories and concepts
that explain policy change developed in the north can be used to understand policy
processes.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

The Philippine Journal of Public Policy: Interdisciplinary Development

Perspectives (PJPP) (ISSN 2672-3352 (print) / 2704-2847 (online)) (DOI:
doi.org/10.54096/MJEF7942) is the annual peer-reviewed journal of the
University of the Philippines Center for Integrative and Development Studies (UP
CIDS) released in print and online.

The PJPP takes off from the Public Policy Journal (PPJ), which was launched in 1997
by then UP President Emil Javier to serve as one of the university’s contributions to
public policy discourse from a multidisciplinary perspective. The journal has published
key research projects conducted by university faculty members across the UP System
and has evolved to be a platform for examining contemporary social, cultural, economic,
and political issues in the Philippines, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.

References:
https://oxfordre.com/politics/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/
acrefore-9780190228637-e-74

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/public-policy/what-is-public-policy-
concepts-trends-and-issues/68AB012A3E4879D9B57F6D765E4CD811