LV&MV CABLES

and
Cymcap Software
 Industrial Plants

Material

Product
 Industrial Plants
Material

Process # 1

Process # 2

Product Common
Process # 3 Facilities
 Industrial Plants

Electricity Material

Fuel Gas

Product
 Industrial Plants
Electricity Material

Substation
Common Process # 1
Facilities

Process # 2

Product
Process # 3
 P
G M
 132kV 132kV
Power Power
Grid Grid

33kV 33kV

6kV 6kV

0.4kV 0.4kV
 P
G M

1- Bare Conductor
Overhead lines

2- Insulated Conductor
Cables
 Overhead Line vs. Power Cable
(electrical)
Overhead Power
line cable
Capacitance 1 15 -50

Charging current 1 15 -50

Overload capacity high low

Electrical field existing not existing

Magnetic field low high

Transmission losses 5 1
 Overhead Line vs. Power Cable
(non-electrical)

Overhead Power
line cable
Failure rate high low

Average repair time low high

Total costs per year low high

Insulation thickness high low

Size of the route large small

 Overhead Lines
V
Air is not a very good
insulating material since
it has a lower voltage
breakdown strength than
many other insulating
materials.

- More Space
Space

Ground
Overhead Lines

Ground
Cable
Types

Bare
Conductor

Insulated
Conductor
 Overhead Line Conductor

• Bare AAC.............................................The stranded Bare

All Aluminium Conductor

• Bare AAAC..................................................All Aluminium

Alloy Conductor

• Bare ACSR.....................................Aluminium Conductor

Steel Reinforced

• Bare Copper Conductor......................The stranded Bare

Copper conductors
 Overhead Line Conductor

Steel

AAC AAAC ACSR

Cable
Types

Bare
Conductor

Insulated
Conductor
Cable
Types

Bare
Conductor

Insulated
Conductor
Paper
insulation

Polymer
insulation
Gas
insulated

Superconducting
cables
 History of Power Cables

•1961 Supercond.

•1930 Gas Ins.

•1928 Polymer Ins.

•1913 Paper Ins.

•1892 First three-core cable

•1875 First insulated wires for power transmission

 Insulated Cable Types

• Paper:
HPFF (High Pressure Fluid Filled)
LOPF (Low Oil Pressure Filled)

• Gas:
HPGF (High Pressure Gas Filled)

• Extruded
 Pipe Type Cable

Example
 Pipe Type Cable

Example
 Low Oil Pressure Filled

Example
 Extruded

Example
Superconducting
cables
Cable
Types

Bare
Conductor

Insulated
Conductor Paper
insulation

Polymer
insulation
Gas
insulated
Superconducting
cables
 Cable
Specification

Voltage

Construction

Impedance

Installation

Sizing

Termination

Other Issues
 Cable
Specification

Voltage

Construction

Impedance

Installation

Sizing

Termination

Other Issues
 Voltage - IEC 60038

• Nominal System Voltage

• Supply Voltage

• Utilization Voltage

• Rated Voltage
 Voltage - IEC 60038

• Nominal System Voltage:

Voltage by which a system is designed.

• Rated Voltage:
The voltage assigned generally by manufacture, for a
specified operating of a component, device or equipment
(the highest voltage).
 Example

Incoming A

Vn= 6kV , 3, 50Hz, Bus-A, In=2500A, Isc=25kA

Vn= 6.6kV , 3, 50Hz, Bus-A, In=2500A, Isc=25kA

Vrated= 7.2kV
 Voltage - IEC 60038

Nominal Rated
System Voltage (kV) Voltage (kV)

0.23/0.4 -----
3 3.3 3.6
6 6.6 7.2
10 12 12
20 22 24
33 36
35 40.5
 Cable
Specification

Voltage
U0
Construction

Impedance U

Installation
Um
Current

Termination

Other Issues
 Voltage Uo / U (Um)

• U0: The rated power frequency

voltage between conductor and
earth or metallic screen
U0
U
• U: The rated power frequency
voltage between conductors.

• Um: The maximum voltage of the

“highest system voltage” for
which the equipment may be
used.
 Example

0.6 / 1 (1.2)kV 3.6 / 6 (7.2)kV

 Rated Voltages Um
IEC-60502

• 1,2
• 3,6
• 7,2
• 12,0
• 17,5
• 24,0
• 36,0
• ….