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Chapter 12.1 Transporting Materials
Chapter 12.1 Transporting Materials
Chapter 12.1 Transporting Materials
Content Vocabulary
Transporting Materials
Directions: Each of the sentences below is false. Make the sentence true by replacing the underlined word(s) with
a term from the list below. Write your changes on the lines provided. NOTE: You may need to change a term to its
plural form.
Lesson Outline
Transporting Materials
A. The Body’s Organization
6. After digestion, substances that are not used are removed by the
, which includes the lungs, skin, liver, kidneys, bladder,
and rectum.
d. Scientists classify the proteins found on the surface of red blood cells into groups
called , which include, type A, type B, type AB, and
type O.
4. The tonsils, the spleen, the thymus, bone marrow, and lymph nodes are part of
the . The lymphatic system has three main functions—
removing excess , producing
, and absorbing and
transporting .
Content Practice A
Transporting Materials
Directions: Place a check mark in the column that describes each disease.
1. Types of Diseases
heart disease
colds
AIDS
cancer
diabetes
strep throat
chicken pox
allergy
2. Draw what happens first, next, and last when a lymphocyte recognizes a pathogen by
drawing a pathogen and lymphocyte in each frame. Label your drawings.
Content Practice B
Transporting Materials
Directions: Answer each question on the lines provided. Use complete sentences.
1. What is the function of the digestive system? What organs does this body system include?
2. What is the function of the excretory system? What organs does this body system include?
6. What is immunity?
Name Date Class
Math Skills
Use Proportions
Two equal ratios may be written as a proportion: 1 = 2 . If one of the numbers in a
2 4
proportion is unknown, you can cross multiply to solve for the unknown number. For
example, if 2 = 4 then
3 x'
2(x) = 4 × 3
2(x) = 12
x=6
If 100 g of chocolate candy provides 520 Calories (C) of energy, how many Calories would
you get from 50 g of the candy?
Step 1 Use the information in the problem to write a proportion. The same unit will be in
the numerator of each fraction, and the other unit will be in the denominator.
100 g 50 g
=
520 C x
Step 2 Find the cross products.
100 g (x) = 520 C × 50 g
100 g (x) = 26,000 C g
2. How many Calories (C) of energy are 4. 140 g of apple contains about
in 165 g of banana if there are 100 C 80 Calories (C) of energy. How many
in 110 g of banana? grams of apples would you need to eat
to consume 360 Calories?
Name Date Class
School to Home
Transporting Materials
Directions: Use your textbook to answer each question or respond to each statement.
3. Oxygen reaches the body’s organs through the respiratory and circulatory
systems.
Describe the interaction between the respiratory and circulatory systems that delivers
oxygen to the body’s organs.
4. The lymphatic system helps defend the body against viruses, bacteria, and
toxins.
Explain how immune cells from the lymphatic system help protect the body.
Name Date Class
1. What is digestion?
2. Several organs make up the excretory system, including the lungs, skin,
kidneys , ,
and .
10. Urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder through the .
11. Feces are stored in the until they are removed from the body.
12. One type of fiber that is not digested as it travels through the digestive system
is .
Name Date Class
Respiration Circulation
1. What is respiration? 8. What is circulation?
2. Which six body parts make up the 9. What makes up the circulatory system?
respiratory system?
3. What does respiration supply to the body? 10. What does circulation transport throughout
What does respiration remove from the body? the body?
4. What role does the diaphragm play in 11. What is the function of the heart?
respiration?
5. What two body systems is the pharynx part of? 12. How does blood travel through the body?
6. What path does air take as it enters the body? 13. What are the main types of blood vessels?
7. What is the function of the alveoli? 14. What is the difference in function between
arteries and veins?
Name Date Class
1. Tonsils are found in your throat and are part of the lymphatic system.
2. The lymphatic system includes the spleen, bone marrow, thymus, and
capillaries.
4. White blood cells are stored by the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow.
6. Removing excess fluid around organs also is the job of the lymphatic system.
9. White blood cells are important because they transport carbon dioxide.
10. By providing immunity for the body, the lymphatic system helps maintain
homeostasis.
11. Lymphocytes are attacked by bacteria that have infected the body.
12. Special immune cells make special proteins, called bacterium, that help fight
infection.
13. Vaccines help the body develop antibodies against certain diseases.
Name Date Class
Enrichment
Artificial Blood
of all the blood types that are needed.
Blood is essential for life. It carries Moreover, precious time can be lost while
oxygen to and carries carbon dioxide away typing a victim’s blood. Giving the wrong
from all body cells. Blood also brings type of blood can be fatal.
nutrients from the digestive system to cells
and transports hormones from glands to How Does Artificial Blood Work?
target cells. It carries wastes and toxic
Artificial blood works like real blood to
materials to the liver and kidneys, which
exchange gases by passive diffusion. Unlike
filter these materials out of blood. Blood
real blood, it can be sterilized to kill
carries immune system cells throughout
pathogens, such as HIV, and it doesn’t have
the body. In addition, blood helps regulate
different types. Artificial blood has a very
the body’s temperature and blood pressure.
long shelf life, and it doesn’t require
Catastrophic Blood Loss refrigeration. People who object to blood
transfusions on religious grounds can
Due to accidents, major surgeries, and accept a kind of artificial blood that is not
other serious conditions, people sometimes hemoglobin-based. In spite of the benefits,
lose blood. A sudden significant loss of blood the development of artificial blood has had
can be fatal within seconds. Emergency its problems. Some artificial blood products
medical technicians (EMTs) can sometimes that were released for use in the 1980s and
stop the bleeding and give blood volume 1990s had side effects such as stroke, heart
expanders or plasma, which can maintain attack, and soaring blood pressure. None of
blood pressure long enough for the body to those artificial blood products are in use
produce more red blood cells. Sometimes, today.
however, plasma doesn’t work because there
aren’t enough red blood cells left to carry New Artificial Blood on the Horizon
the required amount of oxygen to cells.
Two kinds of artificial blood that are
Why Not Transfusions? still in human trials should be released for
use in the United States soon. In the future,
Transfusions of whole blood are the best new forms of artificial blood might be able
therapy, but blood transfusions are not to carry nutrients, enzymes, hormones, and
always available. Whole blood must be kept antioxidants in addition to oxygen and
cool and must be discarded after 42 days. carbon dioxide.
Blood can’t be carried by EMTs in quantities
Challenge
Lesson Quiz A
Transporting Materials
Multiple Choice
Directions: On the line before each question or statement, write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Where do nutrients enter the body?
A. the mouth
B. the stomach
C. the esophagus
2. Which sequence describes the order in which food is processed in the digestive
system?
A. digestion absorption excretion
B. absorption digestion excretion
C. excretion absorption digestion
3. Nutrients pass from the digestive system into the blood in the
A. liver.
B. small intestine.
C. white blood cells.
Completion
Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence. Each term is
used only once.
Lesson Quiz B
Transporting Materials
Multiple Choice
Directions: On the line before each question, write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which sequence describes the correct order in which nutrients travel through
the body?
A. stomach esophagus small intestine large intestine
B. stomach large intestine esophagus small intestine
C. esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine
D. esophagus large intestine stomach small intestine
2. Which substance contains enzymes that break down food after foods enters the
mouth?
A. bile
B. urea
C. saliva
D. plasma
3. What is the main function of the small intestine?
A. It traps harmful substances.
B. It produces white blood cells.
C. It stores and releases antibodies.
D. It passes digested food into the blood.
Completion
Directions: On each line, write the term that correctly completes each sentence.