1. Compare between the following terms?

(i) environmental management (ii)

environmental assessment?
Answer :
i) Environmental management is a set of processes and practices to
efficiently and systematically consume environmental resources that are
concerned with saving, highest utilizing, sustainable, long-lasting, and
providing the most benefits to humans and nature.
ii) Environmental assessment is one field of environmental management. It is
the process of evaluating the potential impacts of projects or proposed
activities on the environment and suggesting alternatives or mitigations that
may reduce or eliminate these impacts.

2. Define (i) environmental risk (ii) environmental impact (iii) environmental audit and
(iv) environmental permit?
Answer :
i) Environmental risk is an actual or potential threat of adverse effects on
living organisms and the environment by effluents, emissions, wastes,
resource depletion, etc., arising out of human activities.
ii) Environmental impact is defined as any change to the environment, whether
adverse or beneficial, resulting from a facility’s activities, products, or
services.
iii) Environmental audit is a type of evaluation intended to identify
environmental compliance and management system implementation gaps,
along with related corrective actions.
iv) Enivronmental permit is any approval or licenses that are required for
certain businesses that impact the environment to operate.

3. What is life cycle assement (LCA)? and why it is important in environmental

management?
Answer :
- Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is standardized method to evaluate environmental
consequences of a product or a activity across its entire life.
- LCA is important in environmental management because it allows decision
makers to compare between several products and to select the product that has
the lowest impact on the environment

4. Explain how environmental management can support sustainable development?

Answer :
Sustainable development is affected by three major factors, namely, economic,
environmental, and socio-political factors. Those three factors must be met to
achieve sustainable development. Good environmental management is needed to
organize and prudent handling of natural resources, so people or organizations could
use resources carefully, avoid wastage, control the exploitation of natural resources
not only for present needs but also for future generations, distribute resources benefit
equitably, maintain safe disposal of wastes, and avoid environmental degradation to
attain sustainable development.
5. What process does environmental manager follow in implementing environmental
strategies?
Answer :
Environmental manager should follow environmental management system (EMS) in
a five-step process :
1. Environmental policy
2. Planning
3. Implementation and operation
4. Corrective action and check
5. Management review
These five steps must be carried out with continuous improvement.