Part 1: Short Answers

1. Mechanical Advantage (MA): The ratio of the output force to the input force in a
machine.

2. Mechanical Efficiency (ME): The ratio of the useful work output to the total work input in
a machine, expressed as a percentage.

3. Output Work: The work done by a machine on the load.

4. Input Work: The work done on a machine, usually by an applied force.

5. Input Force: The force applied to a machine.

6. Output Force: The force exerted by a machine.

Part 2: Calculating Mechanical Advantage

a) Lever: M.A=Effort ArmLoad Arm=95=1.8MA=Load ArmEffort Arm=59=1.8

b) Wheel and Axle: M.A=Radius of EffortRadius of Load=1036MA=Radius of LoadRadius of Effort

=3610 (you might want to simplify this fraction)

c) Pulley System with 3 Ropes: M.A=3MA=3 (assuming ideal conditions without friction)

d) Pulley System with Output Force and Input Force:

M.A=Input ForceOutput Force=7545MA=Output ForceInput Force=4575 (simplify if needed)

Part 3: Applying Mechanical Advantage

Problem 1: Lever M.A=LengthEffort Arm + Load Arm=88=1MA=Effort Arm + Load ArmLength=88=1

Problem 2: Wheel and Axle

M.A=Length of HandleRadius of Bolt Turning Part=154MA=Radius of Bolt Turning PartLength of Ha
ndle=415

Problem 3: Pulleys Effort Force=LoadM.A=7893Effort Force=MALoad=3789

Problem 4: Inclined Plane

M.A=Length of RampHeight of Ramp=73MA=Height of RampLength of Ramp=37

Problem 5: Gears
M.A=Diameter of Front GearDiameter of Rear GearMA=Diameter of Rear GearDiameter of Front G
ear (remember to use the radius if necessary)

Part 4: Applying Mechanical Efficiency

Lever Efficiency:
M.E=Useful Work OutputTotal Work Input=45075ME=Total Work InputUseful Work Output
=75450 (simplify if needed)
Inclined Plane Efficiency:
M.E=Useful Work OutputTotal Work Input=60150ME=Total Work InputUseful Work Output
=15060 (convert to a percentage)

Pulley Efficiency:
M.E=Useful Work OutputTotal Work Input=12056ME=Total Work InputUseful Work Output
=56120 (simplify if needed)