APPLIED MATHEMATICS

MCD1230

Sample Test 2

Solutions

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 Section A: Short Answer Questions
Answer all questions in the space provided. Show all working

Question 1

Solve the following equations for x :

a) 2 log e ( x − 2 ) − log e ( x + 4 ) = 0
(3 marks)

2 log e ( x − 2 ) − log e ( x + 4 ) = 0
 ( x − 2) 2 
 log e  =0 [0.5 mark]
 ( x + 4) 
( x − 2) 2
 =1 [0.5 mark]
( x + 4)
 x2 − 5x = 0 [0.5mark]
 x = 0 or x = 5 [0.5mark]
When x = 0 , log e ( x − 2 ) is undefined [0.5 mark]
x = 5 [0.5 mark]
b) 32 x + 3x = 12
(2 marks)
3 + 3 − 12 = 0
2x x

 (3x − 3)(3x + 4) = 0
 3x = 3 or 3x = −4 (not possible) [0.5mark] [0.5 mark] [0.5 mark]
 x =1 [0.5 mark]

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Question 2

Consider the functions f ( x) = 2log 3 ( 2 x + 3) + 1

a) Find the domain and range of f ( x) .

(1 mark)
Domain =  x  : 2 x + 3  0
 3 
= − , [0.5 mark]
 2 

Range = [0.5 mark]

a) Clearly showing all the necessary steps find the inverse function f −1 of f .
(2 marks)

y = 2 log 3 ( 2 x + 3) + 1
 2 log 3 ( 2 y + 3) + 1 = x [0.5 mark]
 x −1 
 
 2y + 3 = 3  2 
[1mark]
1 
 x −1 
 
 y = 3 −3 
 2 
[0.5 mark]
2  

c) Clearly showing all the important points, sketch the graphs of f and f −1 .
(2 marks)

y = f ( x) = 2 log 3 ( 2 x + 3) + 1
When x = 0  y = 2 log 3 ( 3) + 1 = 3
1− 3 3
1
−
When y = 0  2 x + 3 = 3 2
 x=
2 3
3
x=−
2

y = f ( x)

−1
y= f ( x)

3
y=−
2

[0.5mark for each correct graphs, 0.5mark for both asymptotes and 0.5mark for showing intercepts]

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Question 3 [5 marks]

30 pandas were introduced into a plantation on 1st January 2000. The number of pandas P, t years
after their introduction can be modelled by P ( t ) = 30 e kt . Unfortunately, due to illness and lack
of food supply, the number of pandas on 1st January 2005 was 18.
a) Find the value of k, giving your answer correct to three decimal places.
[2 marks]
P ( t ) = 30e kt

when t = 5 P ( 5 ) = 18
18 = 30e5k [0.5 mark]
18 3
e5 k =  5k = log e   [0.5 mark]
30 5
1 3
k = log e   [0.5 mark]
5 5
k = −0.102 [0.5 mark]

a) According to the model, how many pandas will be present on 1st January 2010?
[1 mark]
P ( t ) = 30e −0.102t
P (10 ) = 30e−1.02 = 10.8
accept 10.8 or 10 or 11 panda bears. [1mark]

c) Sketch the graph of P versus t, on the grid below, clearly labelling the axes and the scales.
2 marks]
Correct graph, must be for t  0, only, correct shape [1mark]
must pass through the point ( 0,30 ) and exponential decay [1mark]
P

30

25

20

15

10

t
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

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Question 4 [5 marks]

Solve the following trigonometric equations:

a) 2sin 3x − 1 = 0, −  x   .
(2.5 marks)

2sin 3 x − 1 = 0, −  x  
1  
 sin 3 x = = sin   [0.5 mark]
2 6

 3 x = n + ( −1) ,n
n
[0.5 mark]
6
n n 
x= + ( −1) ,n [0.5 mark]
3 18
−11 −7  5 13 17
x= , , , , , [1mark]
18 18 18 18 18 18

   
b) sin  2 x −  + cos  2 x −  = 0, 0 x .
 3  3
(2.5 marks)
   
sin  2 x −  + cos  2 x −  = 0, 0 x 
 3  3
 
 tan  2 x −  = −1 [0.5 mark]
 3
   
 tan  2 x −  = tan  −  [0.5 mark]
 3  4
  
 2x − = n +  −  , n [0.5 mark]
3  4
n   n 
x= − + = + , n [0.5 mark]
2 8 6 2 24
 13
x= , [0.5 mark]
24 24

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 Section B: Extended Question
Answer all questions in the space provided. Show all working
Question 1

The temperature (in degrees of Celsius) in a particular area over 12 months period is modelled by
 t 
T ( t ) = 7 sin   + 20 , where t is time in months from 1st of January.
 6 

a) State the maximum and minimum temperature in the city.

(2 marks)

The maximum temperature is 270 C [1 mark]

The minimum temperature is 130 C [1 mark]

b) State the amplitude, phase shift , mean and period of the function T ( t )
(2 marks)
Amplitude=7 Period=12 Mean=20 Phase Shift=0

 t 
b) Sketch the graph of the function T ( t ) = 7 sin   + 20; 0  t  12 on the axes
 6 
below.
(3 marks)

[1 mark for the correct graph, 2 marks for the correct boundaries]

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d) Calculate exactly when the temperature is equal to 16.50 C .
(3 marks)
 t 
7 sin   + 20 = 16.5 [0.5 mark]
 6 
 t  3.5 1
sin   = − =− [0.5 mark]
 6  7 2
 t  3.5  
sin   = − = sin  −  [0.5 mark]
 6  7  6
t n 
 = n − ( −1) , n [0.5 mark]
6 6
 t = 6n − ( −1) , n 
n
[0.5 mark]
 t = 7,11 [0.5 mark]

End of Solutions

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