Madiya Dih, Prayagraj Report of 5 Boreholes.

Report No.
- 04 Date: 07/05/2024 Revision:0
Final report
on
Sub-soil investigation to Design and Construction of

Components of STP
at
Madiya Dih, District– Prayagraj,
Uttar Pradesh, India.
Submitted By
RSVS Consulting & Research Private Limited
(ISO 9001:2015 Certified Company)
NABL Accredited AS Per ISO/IEC 17025:2017
Prayagraj-211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
: https://www.rsvsconsulting.com
: rsvsconsulting@gmail.com
: +91-9450565385
REPORT AT A GLANCE
Topic Summery/Results
Agency Ganga pollution control unit, Jal Nigam(R), Prayagraj, U.P.
Project Name Sub-soil investigation for the design and construction of Components of STP
Location Madiya Dih, District– Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Date of field work The field-works have been started on April 13, 2024 and completed on April 18, 2024.
Advancing four exploratory bores up to 15 m depth from NGL. SPT at the interval of
Scope of work 1.5m or change of strata whichever occurs earlier. UDS sampling at the interval of
3.00m or change of strata whichever occurs earlier. Laboratory tests & recommendation
for bearing capacity for the proposed foundation (if provided), Report Preparation.
The soil deposit from natural ground level (NGL) to 3.45m depth is Light Yellowish
Color Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 3.45m to 6.45 m depth is Light Yellowish
BH-01 Colour Low Compressible Clay with Gravel size kankar (CL), from 6.45m to 10.45 m
depth is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP) and 10.5 to the maximum
depth of exploration (15.00m) m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Silty Fine Sand (SM).
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.45 m to 4.95 m depth is Light Yellowish
Colour Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 4.95 m to 7.45 m depth is Light Yellowish
BH-02
Colour Low Compressible Clay with Gravel size kankar (CL) and from 7.45 m to the
maximum depth of exploration (15.00m) is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded
Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM).
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.45 m to 3.45 m depth is Light Yellowish
Sub-Surface Colour Silty Sand with Clay (SC), from 3.45 m to 4.5 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
BH-03
Stratification Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 4.5 m to 10.45 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Poorly Graded Sand (SP) and from 10.5 m depth to the maximum depth of exploration
(15.00m) is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM).
Colour Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 1.95m to 7.95 m depth is Light Yellowish
Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP), from 7.95m to 9.50 m depth is Light Yellowish
BH-04
Colour Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 9.50 m to 10.45m depth Light Yellowish
Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP) and from 10.45 m to the maximum depth of
exploration (15.00m) is Refusal (No Recover Sample obtained).
The soil deposit from natural ground level (NGL) to 1.95 m depth is Light Yellowish
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.95m to 7.5m is Light Yellowish Colour
BH-05 Poorly Graded Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM), from 7.5 m to 9.5 m depth is Light
Yellowish Colour Low Compressible Silt (ML), and from 9.50 m the maximum depth
of exploration (15.00m) is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP).
Groundwater table
All exploratory boreholes were observed to have no groundwater table up to
the depth of exploration.
Deleterious Chemicals
No deleterious chemicals were found above permissible limit
at soil support
i
Table of Contents
REPORT AT A GLANCE .............................................................................................................................. i
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... ii
1 SITE TOPOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Climate: ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rainfall: ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Geology: .................................................................................................................................. 2
1.4 Ground Water Level: ............................................................................................................... 2
2 SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION: ............................................................................................................. 2
3 FIELD WORK AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS: ........................................................................ 2
3.1 Field Work: .............................................................................................................................. 2
3.1.1 Depth of Ground Water Level in Borehole: .................................................................... 3
3.2 Laboratory Work: .................................................................................................................... 3
3.2.1 Soil Classification Tests: .................................................................................................. 3
3.2.2 Bulk Density, Moisture Content and Specific Gravity of Soils:........................................ 3
3.2.3 Shear Strength Tests: ...................................................................................................... 4
4 TEST RESULTS: ................................................................................................................................. 4
5 DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS: ....................................................................................................... 4
5.1 Strata and their Properties: .................................................................................................... 4
5.1.1 Stratum CL: ...................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.2 Stratum SC:...................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.3 Stratum ML: .................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.4 Stratum SM: .................................................................................................................... 6
5.1.5 Stratum SP-SM: ............................................................................................................... 6
5.1.6 Stratum SP:...................................................................................................................... 6
5.2 Compression index (Cc): .......................................................................................................... 6
5.3 Chemical Analysis of soil support: .......................................................................................... 6
5.4 SPT - Value: ............................................................................................................................. 6
6 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS: ........................................................................................................ 7
7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:.................................................................................... 10
8 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 16
ii
1 SITE TOPOGRAPHY
The location of investigated site is Madiya Dih, District– Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (Lat.
25.463327o, Long. 81.746777o), India.
Fig. Site photographs
1.1 Climate:
The climate of the district is sub-humid. May is the hottest month with the mean daily
maximum temperature is 41.5 o C and mean daily minimum temperature 26 o C. After the onset
of the monsoon there is appreciable drop in temperature, February is the coldest month with
mean daily maximum temperature is 26.2 o C and mean daily minimum temperature is 9.3 o C.
o
The mean monthly maximum temperature is 19.54 C and mean monthly minimum
temperature is 6.23 o C. The relative humidity is high during the southwest monsoon season,
with mean monthly morning relative humidity at 63.92% and mean monthly evening relative
humidity at 48%.
(http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/UP/Allahabad.pdf )
1.2 Rainfall:
The average annual rainfall is 934 mm. Climate is sub humid and is characterized by hot
Page | 1
summer and pleasant monsoon and cold season. About 90% of rainfall takes place from June
to September. During monsoon surplus water is available for deep percolation to ground water.
(http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/UP/Allahabad.pdf ).
1.3 Geology:
The Prayagraj district is mainly characterized with Ganga, Yamuna alluvial plain and Vindhyan
Plateau. The master slope of Trans Ganga is towards east or south east, with the altitude ranging
from 89.30 mamsl-93.57-mamsl. Rivers of the district namely Yamuna, 7 Tons, Sai and Varuna
belongs to main drainage system of the Ganga. Dendritic drainage pattern is the most common
features in the district which is the structurally controlled. Streams up to the fifth order are
encountered in the district.
1.4 Ground Water Level:

Ground water is mainly controlled by drainage, topography and lithological behavior, it occurs
underground water condition at shallow depths and under confined condition at deeper depths.
Depth to water in pre monsoon ranges between 3.0 to 15.0 mbgl and average water level is 6.0
to 7.0 mbgl in Trans Ganga area. Post monsoon water level varies between 1.45 to 13.00 mbgl
in Trans Ganga area. Water level varies 5.00 to 6.00 mbgl in Trans Yamuna area.
(http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/UP/Allahabad.pdf ).
2 SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION:
This work deals mainly with sub-surface investigation to determine, sequence and extent of
each soil stratum in the region likely to be affected by the proposed structure, nature of each
stratum and its index, engineering and chemical properties and location of ground water table.
This work also includes analysis of bearing capacity of proposed foundation system and to
suggest appropriate foundation system if required.
3 FIELD WORK AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:

Details of field and laboratory works carried out are given below:
3.1 Field Work:

The number, type, location, size, and depth of exploration are depending upon the nature and
size of project, degree of complexity and nature of the sub-surface conditions. In this project,
the number of exploratory boreholes, its depth and locations were decided by the client. The
position of exploratory boreholes at site was marked in the presence of representatives of
client. The field work included advancing five exploratory boreholes of diameter 150 mm
Page | 2
below natural ground surface up to 15 m depth through overburden soil stratum at marked
position using power augur. The standard penetration test (SPT) was performed at a regular
interval of 1.5m depth using automatic hydraulic hammer (weight 63.5kg and height free fall-
750mm). Undisturbed soil samples were collected at a regular interval of 3m or change of
strata whicheverwas occurred earlier. The representative disturbed samples (SPT liner and
loose) were also collected for various index property test in the laboratory.
3.1.1 Depth of Ground Water Level in Borehole:

The depth of water table in borehole was observed according to IS:6935–1973 by using
portable electric deep well water level meter with alarm. The depth of water level for borehole
is given in Table 1.
Table 1. Depth of ground water level in borehole
S. No. Borehole No. Water level from natural ground surface (m)
1 BH-01
2 BH-02
3 BH-03 up to the depth of exploration.
4 BH-04
5 BH-05
3.2 Laboratory Work:

Laboratory tests were carried out on undisturbed/remolded soil specimen of soil samples
collected during the field work for determination of moisture content, specific gravity, bulk
and dry densities, grain size distribution (GSD), consistency limits, shear strength and
compressibility parameters. Brief remarks on these tests are given as follows:
3.2.1 Soil Classification Tests:

The soil classification was carried out as per IS:1498 Amd.2 1987. For it the required index
properties GSD analysis and consistency limits were carried out as per IS:2720 (Part 4)-1985,
and IS:2720 (Part 5)-1985 using representative disturbed soil samples collected during boring.
The results are reported in the form of bore log and summary of test results.
3.2.2 Bulk Density, Moisture Content and Specific Gravity of Soils:

The moisture content of the collected sealed undisturbed soil samples was determined by oven-
drying method as per IS:2720 (Part 2)-1973 (Reaffirmed Year: 2020). The in-place bulk density
was determined from undisturbed samples recovered from the thin wall sampler/liners. The dry
Page | 3
density was computed from the bulk density and moisture content of corresponding sample.
Specific gravity of the soil of these samples was also determined in the laboratory as per
IS:2720 (Part 3/Sec.-1 & 2)-1980 (Reaffirmed Year: 2021). The results are given in bore log
and summary of test results.
3.2.3 Shear Strength Tests:

In this project, the shear strength parameters were evaluated by two methods, first by
unconfined compressive strength test as per IS:2720 (Part 10)-1991 (Reaffirmed Year :2020),
second by SPT value using empirical correlation between N value and undrained cohesion as
per IS:6403 Amd.2:2018, Terzaghi and Peck 1967.
4 TEST RESULTS:
The results of various tests conducted at site and in the laboratory are furnished in the bore log
and summary of test results.
5 DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS:

The results for the borehole are discussed as follows.
5.1 Strata and their Properties:

Based on the Indian standard soil classification system and the standard laboratory tests results,
the encountered sub-soil profile is as follow:
BH-01- The soil deposit from natural ground level (NGL) to 3.45m depth is Light Yellowish
Color Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 3.45m to 6.45 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Low Compressible Clay with Gravel size kankar (CL), from 6.45m to 10.45 m depth is Light
Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP) and 10.5 to the maximum depth of exploration
(15.00m) m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Silty Fine Sand (SM).
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.45 m to 4.95 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 4.95 m to 7.45 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Low
Compressible Clay with Gravel size kankar (CL) and from 7.45 m to the maximum depth of
exploration (15.00m) is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM).
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.45 m to 3.45 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Silty Sand with Clay (SC), from 3.45 m to 4.5 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Low
Compressible Silt (ML), from 4.5 m to 10.45 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded
Page | 4
Sand (SP) and from 10.5 m depth to the maximum depth of exploration (15.00m) is Light
Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM).
Colour Low Compressible Silt (ML), from 1.95m to 7.95 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Poorly Graded Sand (SP), from 7.95m to 9.50 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour Low
Compressible Silt (ML), from 9.50 m to 10.45m depth Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded
Sand (SP) and from 10.45 m to the maximum depth of exploration (15.00m) is Refusal (No
Recover Sample obtained).
BH-05- The soil deposit from natural ground level (NGL) to 1.95 m depth is Light Yellowish
Colour Low Compressible Clay (CL), from 1.95m to 7.5m is Light Yellowish Colour Poorly
Graded Sand Silty Fine Sand (SP-SM), from 7.5 m to 9.5 m depth is Light Yellowish Colour
Low Compressible Silt (ML), and from 9.50 m the maximum depth of exploration (15.00m) is
Light Yellowish Colour Poorly Graded Sand (SP).
The general characteristics of observed sub-strata are given below:
5.1.1 Stratum CL:

Stratum CL has low clay contents and value of plasticity. These strata possess low
compressibility and volume change with increase in stress and changes in moisture contents.
This soil type has very low permeability often characterized as impervious foundation material
and possess good to poor bearing capacity. This soil has good to fair workability as a
construction material and fair shearing strength when compacted and saturated.
5.1.2 Stratum SC:

Clayey sand soil is a type of soil commonly encountered in construction projects. It is
characterized by a combination of sand and clay particles, with the sand particles making up
the majority of the soil composition. The advantage of clayey sand soil is its improved load-
bearing capacity compared to pure clay soils. The presence of sand particles adds strength to
the soil, making it more capable of supporting heavy loads.
5.1.3 Stratum ML:

Stratum ML possess very poor bearing capacity, susceptible to liquefaction and high potential
to frost action, their compaction characteristics are good to poor, have poor stability against
shear and not appropriate for embankment. Stratum ML possesses very low to negligible
compressibility and fair to poor drainage characteristics.
Page | 5
5.1.4 Stratum SM:
Such types of soil deposits possess good bearing capacity value depending on density and
structure types. Its compaction characteristics are good and possess fair drainage characteristic.
Their potential to frost action is slight to high and show negligible compression and expansion
characteristics. The SM type soil deposits have good shear strength when compacted and
saturated.
5.1.5 Stratum SP-SM:

Deposit of poorly graded silty fine sand have low number of plastic fines. Such types of soil
deposit have good to poor bearing capacity depending on density, susceptible to liquefaction
and high potential to frost action, its compaction characteristics is fair to good, has good
stability against shear and not appropriate for embankment. The compressibility of such soil is
low and possess poor drainage characteristics.
5.1.6 Stratum SP:

Such types of soil deposits possess good to poor bearing capacity value depending on density
and susceptible to liquefaction and high potential to frost action, its compaction characteristics
is good, has good stability against shear and not appropriate for embankment. The
compressibility of such soil is very low and possesses fair drainage characteristics.
5.2 Compression index (Cc):

The range of evaluated compression index of CL sub-soils is (0.07-0.12).
5.3 Chemical Analysis of soil support:

The chemical analysis of soil strata is presented in Table 2.
Table 2. Chemical analysis results of soil support
Sulphates (%) pH Organic Matter (%)

Test for
[IS:2720 (Part-27)- [IS:2720 (Part-26)- [IS:2720 (Part 22)-
parameters
1977] 1987] 1972]
Sample depth
NIL 7.6 0.72
2.0m from NGL
5.4 SPT - Value:

The standard penetration tests (SPT) were carried out and N-values were determined at 1.5m
depth of regular interval. The maximum range of corrected SPT values of encountered sub-soil
strata up to maximum explored depth is 6 to 50. For Low Compressible Clays with Gravel Size
Page | 6
Kankar (CL), the range of reported SPT value is 8 to 39, this is the range of stiff to hard
consistency of fine-grained sub-soil deposit. For Low Compressible Silts with Gravel Size
Kankar (ML), the range of reported SPT value is 6 to 50, this is the range of medium to hard
consistency of fine-grained sub-soil deposit. For Silty Fine Sand Gravel Size Kankar (SM), the
corrected SPT value is 11 to 13, this is the range of medium dense coarse-grained sub-soil
deposit. For Poorly Graded Silty Fine Sands (SP-SM), the corrected SPT value is 14 to 26, this
is the range of medium dense coarse-grained sub-soil deposit. For Poorly Graded Sands (SP),
the corrected SPT value is 20 to 32, this is the range of medium dense coarse-grained sub-soil
deposit.
6 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS:

Foundation design is based on providing a means of transmitting the loads from a structure to
the underlying soil support without a soil shear failure and/or causing excessive settlements of
soil support under the imposed load. If either of these requirements for a structure’s foundation
and soil support system is not satisfied, the structure, in general, will not perform satisfactorily.
Thus, two important criterion bears out in the design of foundation i.e., (I) Bearing capacity or
shear failure criterion, and (II) settlement under imposed load. In most cases both criteria are
considered for design of foundation.
As per IS:6403 Amd.2 :2018, allowable bearing capacity shall be taken as lesser from
(a) Net ultimate bearing capacity divided by suitable factor of safety, and (b) Net soil pressure
that can be imposed on the base without the settlement exceeding the permissible values as
given in IS:1904-2021 to be determined for each structure and type of soil, that is the safe
bearing pressure.
Here, the net allowable bearing capacity analysis has been carried out for an assumed
rectangular foundation and square foundation. The analysis of bearing capacity for a square
foundation of structure are based on laboratory tests and in-situ test results. The calculated
values are shown in below Table 3:
Page | 7
Bearing Capacities of a Square foundation
Table-03
Type of foundation-square foundation
Bore hole no BH-01 BH-02 BH-03 BH-04 BH-05
Size of footing 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m
Depth of foundation 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m

Net Safe Bearing
10.25 t/m2 13.22 t/m2 10.30 t/m2 10.14 t/m2 10.45 t/m2
Capacity
Safe Bearing
12.78 t/m2 15.89 t/m2 13.00 t/m2 12.71 t/m2 13.08 t/m2
Capacity
Permissible
50 mm 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm
Maximum Settlement
Safe Bearing Pressure 21.29 t/m2 23.23 t/m2 14.86 t/m2 46.01 t/m2 18.78 t/m2
Allowable Bearing
(Net) 10.25 t/m2 13.22 t/m2 10.30 t/m2 10.14 t/m2 10.45 t/m2
Capacity/Pressure
Bore hole no BH-01 BH-02 BH-03 BH-04 BH-05
Size of footing 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m
Depth of foundation 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

Net Safe Bearing
11.44 t/m2 13.79 t/m2 11.23 t/m2 10.58 t/m2 10.91 t/m2
Capacity
Safe Bearing
14.82 t/m2 17.35 t/m2 14.83 t/m2 14.00 t/m2 14.41 t/m2
Capacity
Permissible
50 mm 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm
Maximum Settlement
Safe Bearing Pressure 19.18 t/m2 23.51 t/m2 16.94 t/m2 48.50 t/m2 21.48 t/m2
Allowable Bearing
(Net) 11.44 t/m2 13.79 t/m2 11.23 t/m2 10.58 t/m2 10.91 t/m2
Capacity/Pressure
Page | 8
Table 4: - Bearing Capacity of selected foundation
at Madiha Dih, Prayagraj, U.P.
Type of foundation Annular/Ring Foundation
Depth of foundation from EGL/NGL 10 m
At the level of foundation
Location of critical ground water Table
base
Outer dia. 7.5 m
Dimension of foundation
Inner dia. 6 m
Design parameter From In-situ Test
Drainage condition Drained
F.O.S. 3
Average drained angle of Internal Friction (Φd) 30.00 Degree
Average drained cohesion (Cd) 0.000 kgf/cm2
Correction for water table position 0.5
Mode of shear failure L.S.F.
Nc 10.981
Bearing Capacity Factors Nq 3.941
Nγ 2.651
Sc 1.300
Shape Factors Sq 1.200
Sγ 0.600
dc 2.737
Depth Factors dq 1.869
dγ 1.869
ic 1.000
Inclination Factors iq 1.000
iγ 1.000
Net Safe Bearing Capacity 37.89 t/m2
Safe Bearing Capacity 54.19 t/m2
Permissible maximum settlement for water tower & silos
100.00 mm
for foundation supported on sand and hard clay
Safe Bearing Pressure 23.73 t/m2
Allowable Bearing Capacity/Pressure 23.73 t/m2
Page | 9
7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. The recommended net safe bearing capacities of the assumed square foundation (2m×2m)
for exploratory boreholes BH-1, BH-2, BH-3, BH-4 and BH-05 at a proposed depth of 1.5
m are 10.25 t/m2, 13.22 t/m2, 10.30 t/m2, 10.14 t/m2and 10.45 t/m2 respectively and for the
same foundation system the safe bearing pressures corresponding to permissible settlement
of (50 mm) are 21.29 t/m2, 23.23 t/m2, 14.86 t/m2, 46.01 t/m2and 18.78 t/m2 respectively &
hence, Allowable (Net) bearing capacity/pressure is recommended as 10.14 t/m2.
2. The recommended net safe bearing capacities of the assumed square foundation (2m×2m)
for exploratory boreholes BH-1, BH-2, BH-3, BH-4 and BH-05 at a proposed depth 2.0 m
are 11.44 t/m2, 13.79 t/m2, 11.23 t/m2, 10.58 t/m2and 10.91 t/m2 respectively and for the
same foundation system the safe bearing pressures corresponding to permissible settlement
of (50 mm) are 19.18 t/m2, 23.51 t/m2, 16.94 t/m2, 48.50 t/m2and 21.48 t/m2 respectively &
hence, Allowable (Net) bearing capacity/pressure is recommended as 10.58 t/m2.
3. The recommended net safe bearing capacity of ring (wet well) foundation on the basis of
bore log 01 results is 37.89 T/m2 and safe bearing pressure of the annular/ring foundation
is 23.73 T/m2 & hence, Allowable (Net) bearing capacity/pressure is recommended as
23.73 t/m2.
4. No deleterious chemicals were found above permissible limit in the soil.
5. All the findings are for the soil mass observed in exploratory boreholes, not for the whole
site. If the actual sub-soil conditions during excavation for construction differ from those
that have been reported, then it should be inform to us for suggestions.

(ISO 9001:2015 certified company
Page | 10
BORE LOG & SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
Bore Hole No.:01
Name of Project Design and Construction of Components of STP Site No. 4 Bore Hole No. 01 Datum -
Geotechnical Sub-Surface Investigation at Madiya Dih,
Name of Work Date Start on 13/04/24 End on 13/04/24
Prayagraj, UP
From natural
Type of Structure Components of STP Water Table Not Met From Datum (m) -
Ground (m)
Field
Testing/ Laboratory Test & Analysis Results
sampling
(From ground level)
Particle Size Distribution

In-situ Densities & Atterberg’s Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation
Analysis
Depth (m)
Classification of
Specific Gravity
Moisture Content Parameters Parameters
(Corrected)
SPT Value
SPT Value
(Observed)
Compressio
soil
n Index (CC)
Void Ratio
Soil Description
Silt /fine
Bulk Unit
Moisture
Plasticity
Content
(kg/cm2)
Dry Unit
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
(Degree)
Type of
Natural
Natural
Plastic
Gravel
Weight
Weight
Liquid
(t/m3)
(t/m3)
Limit
Limit
Sand
Index
Clay
Test
(%)
(eo)
Cu

0.00 - 1.00 DS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
UCS 0.31 - -
1.00 - 1.45 UDS Light Yellowish Colour 0 24 71 5 12.55 1.69 1.52 2.66 34 Non - Plastic 0.75
ML DST - - -
Low Compressible Silt
1.50 - 1.95 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
3.00 - 3.45 6 6 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
UCS 0.45 - 0.12
4.00 - 4.45 UDS Light Yellowish Colour 0 85 15 0 7.56 1.61 1.57 2.68 32 21 11 0.71
DST - -
CL
4.50 - 4.95 10 10 Low Compressible Clay - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
6.00 - 6.45 16 16 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
UCS - - -
7.00 - 7.45 UDS Light Yellowish Colour 18 78 4 0 5.68 1.63 1.54 2.63 Non - Plastic 0.71
DST - 31 -
Poorly Graded Sand with SP
7.50 - 7.95 27 20 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 33 - -
Gravel Size Kankar
9.00 - 9.45 30 21 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
UCS - - -
10.00 - 10.45 UDS 0 76 24 0 9.79 1.69 1.54 2.65 Non - Plastic 0.72
DST - 30 -
10.50 - 10.95 14 11 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 30 - -
12.00 - 12.45 17 13 Light Yellowish Colour - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 31 - -
SM
Silty Fine Sand
13.00 - 13.45 UDS 0 83 17 0 9.11 1.70 1.56 2.65 Non - Plastic
UCS - - -
0.70
DST - - -
15.00 – 15.45 DS - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - -
Page | 11
Bore Hole No.:02
Prayagraj, UP
From natural
Ground (m)
Field
sampling
(From ground level)

Analysis
Depth (m)
Classification of
Specific Gravity
(Corrected)
SPT Value
SPT Value
(Observed)
Compressio
soil
n Index (CC)
Void Ratio
Soil Description
Silt /fine
Bulk Unit
Moisture
Plasticity
Content
(kg/cm2)
Dry Unit
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
(Degree)
Type of
Natural
Natural
Plastic
Gravel
Weight
Weight
Liquid
(t/m3)
(t/m3)
Limit
Limit
Sand
Index
Clay
Test
(%)
(eo)
Cu

0.00 - 1.00 DS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Light Yellowish Colour
CL UCS 0.31 - 0.12
1.00 - 1.45 UDS Low Compressible Silt 0 22 73 5 15.68 1.78 1.54 2.68 24 Non - Plastic 0.63
DST - - -
1.50 - 1.95 6 6 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
3.00 - 3.45 19 19 Light Yellowish Colour - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
Low Compressible Silt ML UCS 0.43 - -
4.00 - 4.45 UDS 0 26 71 3 11.48 1.74 1.56 2.65 29 Non - Plastic 0.70
with Gravel Size Kankar DST - -
4.50 - 4.95 37 37 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
Low Compressible Silt CL UCS 1.14 - 0.07
7.00 - 7.45 UDS 8 16 61 15 12.41 1.78 1.59 2.68 32 18 14 - 0.68
with Gravel Size Kankar DST - -
ML
9.00 - 9.45 27 27 Low Compressible Silt - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
UCS - -
10.00 - 10.45 UDS 0 92 8 0 10.16 1.71 1.55 2.64 Non - Plastic 0.70
DST - 30 -
12.00 - 12.45 23 16 Poorly Graded Silty Fine SP-SM - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 32 - -
13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Sand
0 91 9 0 8.89 1.70 1.57 2.64 Non - Plastic
UCS - - -
0.68
DST - - -
15.00 – 15.45 DS - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - -
Page | 12
Bore Hole No.:03
Prayagraj, UP
From natural
Ground (m)
Field
sampling
(From ground level)

Analysis
Depth (m)
Classification of
Specific Gravity
(Corrected)
SPT Value
SPT Value
(Observed)
Compressio
soil
n Index (CC)
Void Ratio
Soil Description
Silt /fine
Bulk Unit
Moisture
Plasticity
Content
(kg/cm2)
Dry Unit
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
(Degree)
Type of
Natural
Natural
Plastic
Gravel
Weight
Weight
Liquid
(t/m3)
(t/m3)
Limit
Limit
Sand
Index
Clay
Test
(%)
(eo)
Cu

0.00 - 1.00 DS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Light Yellowish Colour
CL UCS 0.32 - 0.11
1.00 - 1.45 UDS Low Compressible Clay 0 17 65 18 15.04 1.80 1.57 2.67 32 17 14 0.70
DST - - -
SC
3.00 - 3.45 16 19 Sand with Clay - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - -
Light Yellowish Colour UCS 0.41 - -
4.00 - 4.45 UDS ML 0 25 69 06 9.22 1.70 1.56 2.65 29 Non-Plastic 0.69
Low Compressible Silt DST - -
4.50 - 4.95 36 27 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
6.00 - 6.45 36 25 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
UCS - -
7.00 - 7.45 UDS Light Yellowish Colour 18 81 1 0 6.56 1.65 1.55 2.64 Non-Plastic 0.70
DST - - -
7.50 - 7.95 28 20 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 33 - -
Gravel Size Kankar
9.00 - 9.45 30 20 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 33 - -
UCS - - -
10.00 - 10.45 UDS 15 82 3 0 9.22 1.71 1.57 2.64 Non-Plastic 0.68
DST - - -
10.50 - 10.95 28 19 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 33 - -
13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Poorly Graded Silty Fine SP-SM
0 86 14 0 8.95 1.73 1.59 2.65 Non-Plastic
UCS - - -
0.67
Sand DST - - -
15.00 – 15.45 UDS - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - -
Page | 13
Bore Hole No.:04
Prayagraj, UP
From natural
Ground (m)
Field
sampling
(From ground level)

Analysis
Depth (m)
Classification of
Specific Gravity
(Corrected)
SPT Value
SPT Value
(Observed)
Compressio
soil
n Index (CC)
Void Ratio
Soil Description
Silt /fine
Bulk Unit
Moisture
Plasticity
Content
(kg/cm2)
Dry Unit
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
(Degree)
Type of
Natural
Natural
Plastic
Gravel
Weight
Weight
Liquid
(t/m3)
(t/m3)
Limit
Limit
Sand
Index
Clay
Test
(%)
(eo)
Cu

0.00 - 1.00 DS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Light Yellowish Colour UCS 0.33 - -
1.00 - 1.45 UDS ML 0 26 69 5 14.26 1.71 1.50 2.65 Non - Plastic 0.76
Low Compressible Silt DST - - -
1.50 - 1.95 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
3.00 - 3.45 55 67 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 36 - -
UCS - - -
4.00 - 4.45 UDS 25 73 2 0 10.61 1.74 1.57 2.64 Non - Plastic 0.68
Light Yellowish Colour DST - -
4.50 - 4.95 38 41 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 35 - -
6.00 - 6.45 37 37 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
Gravel Size Kankar
UCS - -
7.00 - 7.45 UDS 18 77 5 0 12.39 1.77 1.58 2.64 Non - Plastic 0.67
DST - -
7.50 - 7.95 31 28 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
Light Yellowish Colour -
9.00 - 9.45 50 50 Low Compressible Silt ML - - - - - - - - - SPT - - -
with Gravel Size Kankar
Light Yellowish Colour UCS - - -
10.00 - 10.45 UDS Poorly Graded Sand with SP 32 66 2 0 2.88 1.65 1.60 2.64 Non - Plastic 0.65
DST - - -
Gravel Size Kankar
10.50 - 10.95 Refusal - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
12.00 - 12.45 Refusal - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Hard Strata -
No Sample Retrieved
UCS - - -
-
DST - - -
15.00 – 15.45 DS - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - -
Page | 14
Bore Hole No.:05
Prayagraj, UP
From natural
Ground (m)
Field
sampling
(From ground level)
Particle Size Distribution Atterberg’s Limits

In-situ Densities & Shear Strength Consolidation
Depth (m)
Analysis %
Classification of
Specific Gravity
(Corrected)
SPT Value
SPT Value
(Observed)
soil
Void Ratio
Compressi
Soil Description
Bulk Unit
Plasticity
Silt /fine
Moisture
on Index
(kg/cm2)
Dry Unit
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
Fraction
(Degree)
Content
Type of
Natural
Natural
Weight
Weight
Plastic
Gravel
Liquid
(t/m3)
(t/m3)
Index
Limit
Limit
Sand
Test
Clay
(CC)
(eo)
(%)
Cu

0.00 - 1.00 DS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Light Yellowish Colour UCS 0.34 - 0.10
1.00 - 1.45 UDS CL 1 18 69 12 12.04 1.75 1.56 2.67 31 19 12 0.71
Low Compressible Clay DST - - -
1.50 - 1.95 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
3.00 - 3.45 18 22 - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 33 - -
UCS - - -
4.00 - 4.45 UDS Light Yellowish Colour 8 82 10 0 9.84 1.69 1.54 2.65 Non – Plastic 0.72
DST - -
4.50 - 4.95 23 25 Poorly Graded Sand with SP-SM - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
6.00 - 6.45 28 26 Gravel Size Kankar - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 34 - -
UCS - -
7.00 - 7.45 UDS 11 83 6 0 9.32 1.69 1.55 2.65 Non – Plastic 0.71
DST - - -
ML
9.00 - 9.45 33 33 Low Compressible Silt - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - - - -
UCS - - -
10.00 - 10.45 UDS 0 96 4 0 5.39 1.65 1.57 2.63 Non – Plastic 0.67
DST - - -
12.00 - 12.45 42 32 Poorly Graded Sand with SP - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - 35 - -
Gravel Size Kankar UCS - - -
13.00 - 13.45 UDS 0 98 2 0 4.74 1.66 1.59 2.63 Non – Plastic 0.65
DST - - -
15.00 – 15.45 DS - - - - - - - - - - - SPT - -
Page | 15
8 REFERENCES
1. Compendium of Indian Standards on Soil Engineering (Part-1, Laboratory Testing of Soils for
Civil Engineering Purposes) SP-36 (Part-1): 1987, RA 2006.
2. Compendium of Indian Standards on Soil Engineering (Part-2, Field Testing of Soils for Civil
Engineering Purposes) SP-36 (Part-2): 1988, RA 2006.
3. BIS 2131 (1981) Indian standard method for standard penetration test for soils (first revision)
reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
4. BIS 1893 (Part 1) (2016) Indian Standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures,
Sixth Revision. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
5. BIS 2720 (Part-4) (1985) Indian standard methods of test for soils grain size analysis (Second
Revision) reaffirmed 2020. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
6. BIS 2720 (Part-3/Sec-1&2) (1980) Indian standard methods of test for determination of
specific gravity of fine-grained soils (First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi.
7. BIS 2720 (Part-5) (1985) Indian standard method of test for soils determination of liquid and
plastic limit (Second Revision) reaffirmed 2020. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
8. BIS 2720 (Part-11) (1993) Indian standard method of test for soils determination of the shear
strength parameters of a specimen tested in unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression
without the measurement of pore water pressure (First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of
Indian Standards, New Delhi.
9. BIS 2720 (Part-13) Amd.1:(2009) Indian standard method of test for soils direct shear test
(Second Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
10. BIS 2720 (Part-15) (1965) Indian standard method of test for soils determination of
consolidation properties (First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.
11. BIS 1498 Amd.2 (1987) Indian standard classification and identification of soils for general
engineering purposes (First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.
12. BIS 6403 Amd.2 (2018) Indian standard code of practice for determination of breaking
capacity of shallow foundations (First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi.
13. BIS 8009 (Part-1) Amd.3 (2014) Indian standard code of practice for calculation of settlements
of shallow foundations subjected symmetrical static vertical loads reaffirmed 2018. Bureau of
Page | 16
14. BIS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 4): 2010 Indian standard method of test for design and construction of
pile foundations code of practice (Third Revision) reaffirmed 2020. Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi.
15. BIS 2911 (Part 3): 2021 Indian standard method of test for design and construction of pile
foundations code of practice (Under-Reamed Piles) (Second Revision) reaffirmed 2021.
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
16. BIS 11089 Amd.1 (1989) Indian standard code of practice for design and construction of ring
foundation reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
17. BIS 1080 (1985) Indian Standard code of practice for design and construction of shallow
foundations in soils (other than raft, ring and shell) (Second Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau
of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
18. BIS 1892 (2021) Indian Standard code of practice for surface investigation for foundations
(First Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
19. BIS 1904 (2021) Indian standard code of practice for design and construction of foundations
in soils: general requirements (Third Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi.
20. BIS 2950 (Part-1) (1981) Indian standard code of practice for design and construction of raft
foundations (Second Revision) reaffirmed 2018. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
21. BIS 2720 (Part-22) (1972) Indian standard methods of test for soils determination of organic
matter (First Revision) reaffirmed 2006. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
22. BIS 2720 (Part-23) (1976) Indian standard methods of test for soils determination of calcium
carbonate (First Revision) reaffirmed 2020. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
23. BIS 2720 (Part-26) (1987) Indian standard methods of test for soils determination of pH value
(Second Revision) reaffirmed 2021. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
24. BIS 2720 (Part-27) (1977) Indian standard methods of test for soils determination of total
soluble sulphates (First Revision) reaffirmed 2020. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
25. BIS 3025 (Part-18) (2022) Indian standard methods of sampling and test (physical and
chemical) for water and waste water, volatile and fixed residue (total, filterable and non-
filterable) (First Revision) reaffirmed 2022. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
chemical) for water and waste water, non-filterable residue (total suspended solids) (First
Revision) reaffirmed 2022. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
Page | 17
chemical) for water and waste water, sulphates (First Revision) reaffirmed 2019. Bureau of
chemical) for water and waste water, chloride (First Revision) reaffirmed 2019. Bureau of
Page | 18

Madiya Dih, Prayagraj Report of 5 Boreholes.

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Madiya Dih, Prayagraj Report of 5 Boreholes.

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Report No.

- 04 Date: 07/05/2024 Revision:0

Sub-soil investigation to Design and Construction of

Fig. Site photographs

1.4 Ground Water Level:

3 FIELD WORK AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:

3.1 Field Work:

3.1.1 Depth of Ground Water Level in Borehole:

3.2 Laboratory Work:

3.2.1 Soil Classification Tests:

3.2.2 Bulk Density, Moisture Content and Specific Gravity of Soils:

3.2.3 Shear Strength Tests:

5 DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS:

5.1 Strata and their Properties:

5.1.1 Stratum CL:

5.1.2 Stratum SC:

5.1.3 Stratum ML:

5.1.5 Stratum SP-SM:

5.1.6 Stratum SP:

5.2 Compression index (Cc):

5.3 Chemical Analysis of soil support:

Table 2. Chemical analysis results of soil support

Sulphates (%) pH Organic Matter (%)

5.4 SPT - Value:

6 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS:

Size of footing 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m

Depth of foundation 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m 1.5m

Bore hole no BH-01 BH-02 BH-03 BH-04 BH-05

Size of footing 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m 2m×2m

Depth of foundation 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

Safe Bearing Pressure 23.73 t/m2

Allowable Bearing Capacity/Pressure 23.73 t/m2

RSVS Consulting & Research Private Limited

Particle Size Distribution

Particle Size Distribution

13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Particle Size Distribution

13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Particle Size Distribution

13.00 - 13.45 UDS

Particle Size Distribution Atterberg’s Limits

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