Question

Scheme Notes Marks

Number
1(a)
M1: Obtains
rx
p arcsin qx + or
1 − ( sx )
2

dy 1
= 3arcsin 2 x + 3 x 2 p arcsin qx +
rx
dx 1− ( 2x)
2
1 − tx 2
p, q, r, s, t > 0 M1 A1
 6x 
 = 3arcsin 2 x + 
 1 − 4 x2  A1: Correct derivative.
Allow unsimplified and isw.

Allow sin-1 and condone “arsin” but “arsinh”

or “arcsinh” is M0

(b)  1
+ 3 only but allow  or 0.5 .
2 2
1 dy  Terms as a sum in either order.
x=  = + 3 B1dep
4 dx 2 1
Allow a = ,b= 3
2
Isw following a correct answer.
This is a “Hence” question so this mark can only be awarded following full marks in part (a)
Total 3
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
2(a) 4
x=− or any equivalent equation.
4 3
x=− B1
3 4
Allow x = 
3
(1)
(b)(i) a 4 a 4
= Uses =  oe and a correct eccentricity
e 3 e 3
Way 1 M1
 9a 2  formula and obtains an equation in a.
b = a ( e − 1)  5 = a 
2 2 2
− 1
2
Condone replacing b2 with 25 if equation is
 16  otherwise correct
Solves a 3TQ in a2 (or equation that would
lead to a 3TQ) to find a positive real root
(usual rules – but if no working seen they
must obtain one positive real value of a2 or
9a 4 − 16a 2 − 80 = 0
a correct to 3 sf which is consistent with
 ( 9a 2 + 20 )( a 2 − 4 ) = 0  a 2 = ...
dM1
their equation). Do not award if confusion
with variable e.g.,
" ( 9a 2 + 20 )( a 2 − 4 ) = 0  a = 4"
Requires previous M mark.
a=2 Not a = 2 unless negative rejected A1
(3)
a 4 a 4
Way 2 = Uses =  oe and a correct eccentricity
e 3 e 3
2 formula and obtains an equation in e. M1
 4e 
b = a ( e − 1)  5 =   ( e2 − 1)
2 2 2
Condone replacing b2 with 25 if equation is
 3 otherwise correct
Solves a 3TQ in e2 (or equation that would
lead to a 3TQ) to find a positive real root
(usual rules – but if no working seen they
must obtain one positive real value of e2 or
16e 4 − 16e 2 − 45 = 0 e correct to 3 sf which is consistent with
 ( 4e 2 − 9 )( 4e 2 + 5 ) = 0  e 2 = ... their equation). Do not award if confusion dM1
with variable e.g.,
" ( 4e 2 − 9 )( 4e 2 + 5 ) = 0  e = "
9
4
Requires previous M mark.
Not a = 2 unless negative rejected but
 3 
e =  a = 2 3
condone sight of " e =  " or " e = − "
3 A1
 2 
2 2
(3)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
2(b)(ii) 3 3 3a 2 3 Uses a correct method to obtain a numerical
e=  ae =  2 or ae = = 4 expression for ae oe with their values of a,
2 2 4 4 M1
e, a2, b2 etc. however obtained. Condone
or ae = c = a 2 + b2 = 22 + 5 use of a negative e or a
Foci are (  3, 0 ) Both correct foci as coordinates A1
a 4
Allow " =  a = 4, e = 3" to access the last M mark only in (b) for ( 12, 0 )
e 3 (2)
provided the values of both a and e are clearly seen beforehand
Total 6
Note that it is possible to answer (ii) before (i) – e.g.,
Let foci be ( c, 0 )
a 2 e 2 = c 2 = b 2 + a 2 = 5 + a 2 and
a a2 a2 4 4
= = =  a2 = c
e ae c 3 3
4
 c 2 = 5 + c ( (i) M1: Uses correct formulae to form an equation in c – condone b2
3
replaced with 25 as with main scheme)
 3c 2 − 4c − 15 = 0  ( 3c + 5)( c − 3) = 0  c = 3
( (i) dM1: Solves 3TQ to find positive real root)
 ( 3, 0 ) ((i)A1: Correct foci as coordinates)
4
a=  3 ( (ii) M1: Correct method for a)
3
a = 2 ( (ii) A1: Correct value)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3 Replaces one hyperbolic function with its
4 tanh x − sech x = 1 correct exponential equivalent. Allow for
Way 1 sinh x 1 correct replacement of just e.g., sinh x after
4 − =1
cosh x cosh x sinh x M1
using tanh x = May follow errors
Converts 4sinh x − 1 − cosh x = 0 cosh x
to sinh
e x − e− x e x + e− x but do not allow any further marks if the
and cosh 4 −1 − =0 original equation was reduced to one in a
2 2
single hyperbolic function.
M1: Obtains an equation which if terms are
collected is a 3TQ (or 2TQ with no
3e2 x − 2e x − 5 = 0 constant) in ex
M1 A1
A1: Correct 3TQ
M1: Solves 3TQ (or 2TQ with no constant)
in ex. Apply usual rules. If no working seen
they must achieve one correct root of their
2  4 + 60  2 + 8 5  equation to 3sf which may be complex. If
ex =  =  2TQ must get a correct non-zero root of M1 A1
6  6 3 their equation.
A1: Any correct unsimplified expression
for ex that includes the positive root. Must
be exact
5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
−x
e −ex
2 Replaces one hyperbolic function with its
Way 2 4 −x
− x −x = 1 M1
e +e
x
e +e correct exponential equivalent
Straight M1: Obtains an equation which if terms are
collected is a 3TQ (or 2TQ with no
to ex 3e2 x − 2e x − 5 = 0 constant) in ex
M1 A1
A1: Correct 3TQ
M1: Solves 3TQ (or 2TQ with no constant)
in ex. Apply usual rules. If no working seen
they must achieve one correct root of their
2  4 + 60  2 + 8 5  equation to 3sf which may be complex. If
ex =  =  2TQ must get a correct non-zero root of M1 A1
6  6 3 their equation.
A1: Any correct unsimplified expression
for ex that includes the positive root. Must
be exact
5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
In Ways 1 & 2, if they form an equation which is not a quadratic in ex they must achieve
5
the correct exact root of to access the middle four marks
3
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3 4sinh x − 1 = cosh x Squares (condone poor squaring) and uses a
16sinh 2 x − 8sinh x + 1 = cosh 2 x correct hyperbolic identity to obtain a M1
Way 3a
16sinh 2 x − 8sinh x + 1 = 1 + sinh 2 x quadratic equation in sinh x
Squaring M1: Obtains a 2TQ with no constant or
(sinh) 15sinh x − 8sinh x = 0
2
3TQ in sinh x M1 A1
A1: Correct 2TQ
Solves 2TQ (with no constant) or 3TQ in
sinh x. Apply usual rules. If 2TQ must get a
8 correct non-zero root of their equation. If
sinh x = M1
15 no working seen they must achieve one
correct root of their equation to 3sf which
may be complex.
8 8  8 
2 
x = arsinh = ln  +   + 1 
15  15  15  
  A correct unsimplified expression for x as a
ln (or any correct unsimplified expression
or 15e − 16e − 15 = 0 
2x x
A1
for ex if they revert to exponentials). Must
16  256 + 900 be exact
ex =
30

5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
4 tanh x = 1 + sech x
Way 3b Squares (condone poor squaring) and uses a
16 tanh 2 x = 1 + 2sech x + sech 2 x correct hyperbolic identity to obtain a M1
Squaring 16 (1 − sech 2 x ) = 1 + 2sech x + sech 2 x quadratic equation in sech x
(sech) M1: Obtains a 2TQ (with no constant) or
17sech 2 x + 2sech x − 15 = 0 3TQ in sech x M1 A1
A1: Correct 3TQ
Solves 2TQ with no constant or 3TQ in
(17sech x − 15) (sech x + 1) = 0 sech x. Apply usual rules. If 2TQ must get a
correct non-zero root of their equation. If
15 M1
sech x = no working seen they must achieve one
17 correct root of their equation to 3sf which
may be complex.
17  17  17 
2 
x = arcosh = ln  +   −1 
15  15  15   A correct unsimplified expression for x as a
  ln (or any correct unsimplified expression
A1
or 15e − 34e + 15 = 0 
2x x
for ex if they revert to exponentials). Must
be exact
34  1156 − 900
ex =
30
5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3 4 tanh x − 1 = sech x Squares (condone poor squaring) and uses a
16 tanh 2 x − 8 tanh x + 1 = sech 2 x correct hyperbolic identity to obtain a M1
Way 3c
16 tanh 2 x − 8 tanh x + 1 = 1 − tanh 2 x quadratic equation in tanh x
Squaring M1: Obtains a 2TQ with no constant or
(tanh) 17 tanh x − 8 tanh x = 0
2
3TQ in tanh x M1 A1
A1: Correct 2TQ
Solves 2TQ with no constant or 3TQ in
tanh x. Apply usual rules. If 2TQ must get a
8 correct non-zero root of their equation. If
tanh x = M1
17 no working seen they must achieve one
correct root of their equation to 3sf which
may be complex.
8 1  1 + 178 
x = artanh = ln  
17 2  1 − 178  A correct unsimplified expression for x as a
ln (or any correct unsimplified expression
A1
or 9e − 25 = 0 
2x
for ex if they revert to exponentials). Must
5 be exact
ex =
3
5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
4sinh x = 1 + cosh x Squares (condone poor squaring) and uses a
Way 3d 16sinh 2 x = 1 + 2cosh x + cosh 2 x correct hyperbolic identity to obtain a M1
Squaring 16cosh 2 x − 16 = 1 + 2cosh x + cosh 2 x quadratic equation in cosh x
(cosh) M1: Obtains a 2TQ with no constant or
15cosh 2 x − 2cosh x − 17 = 0 3TQ in cosh x M1 A1
A1: Correct 3TQ
Solves 2TQ (with no constant) or 3TQ in
(15cosh x − 17 ) (cosh x + 1) = 0 cosh x. Apply usual rules. If 2TQ must get a
correct non-zero root of their equation. If
17 M1
cosh x = no working seen they must achieve one
15 correct root of their equation to 3sf which
may be complex.
17  17  17 
2 
x = arcosh = ln  +   −1 
15  15  15   A correct unsimplified expression for x as a
  ln (or any correct unsimplified expression
A1
or 15e − 34e + 15 = 0 
2x x
for ex if they revert to exponentials). Must
be exact
34  1156 − 900
ex =
30
5 2
5 ln , ln1 , ln1.6 only but allow k = ...
x = ln 3 3 A1
3
No unrejected extra solutions
Total 6
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
4(a) 1 1 1 M1: Obtains
 9 x 2 + 16 x +
dx =
16 3 2
dx

p arsinh ( qx ) or r ln x + x 2 + s 
1  3x  1
9
 x (
or t ln ux + vx 2 + w )
= arsinh   or arsinh  4  ( +c ) p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w > 0 M1 A1
3  4  3 3 A1: Any correct expression. Could be
1   4  
2 unsimplified and isw. The “+c” is not
or ln x + x +  
2
( +c ) required. Allow sinh-1 and condone
3   3   “arcsinh”.
 “arcsin” or “arsin” is M0
(2)
(b) 2 1

−2
9 x 2 + 16
dx Substitutes the limits 2 and -2 into an
expression of the form

 
2 2
1  3x   2  3x   p arsinh ( qx ) or r ln x + x 2 + s
=  arsinh    or  arsinh   
3  4   −2 3  4 0
1  3 2  1
= arsinh 
3  4  3
 3  −2 
 − arsinh 
 4 
2 3
 or arsinh  
3 2
(
or t ln ux + vx 2 + w )
p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w > 0
OR
2 and subtracts either way round or obtains an M1
1  16   expression for 2 ...0
2
 ln  x + x +  
2

 3  9  
−2 The expression does not have to be
1  16  1  16  consistent with their answer to (a).
= ln  2 + 22 +  − ln  −2 + ( −2 ) +
2
 No rounded decimals unless exact values
3  9  3  9 
recovered.
2  16   16   Any f(0) = 0 can be implied by omission.
or  ln  2 + 22 +  − ln  0 + 02 +  

3  9  9   Condone poor bracketing.

dM1: Obtains an expression of the form
 d + e 13 
( )
a ln b + c 13 or a ln 
f

 
where a, b, c, d , e, f areexact and  0 .
1  11 3 13  1 11 + 3 13
ln  +  or ln Condone poor bracketing.
3 2 2  3 2 Requires previous M mark.
dM1 A1
A1: Any correct equivalent in an
2 3 13  2 3 + 13 appropriate form (fractions may not be in
or ln  +  or ln
3 2 2  3 2 simplest form) with correct bracketing if
necessary and isw. Must come from
correct work.
2 3 1
Allow e.g., a = ,b= ,c=
3 2 2
For information the decimal answer is 0.7965038115 (3)
Total 5
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
5(a) a a 1
−a 4 0 Uses a correct method for det A (implied by
4 a 5 two correct parts) to obtain an expression in M1
a
= a ( 4  5 − 0 ) − a ( −5a − 0 ) + 1( − a 2 − (4  4) )
 20a + 5a 2 − a 2 − 16 = 0
Correct exact value oe
 a 2 + 5a − 4 = 0
−5  41 A1
−5 + 41 Condone
a= 2
2
(2)
(b)(i) a− a 1
Way 1 A -  I = −a 4− 0 Obtains an expression for A -  I in terms
4 a 5− of a and  or just a if  is replaced by 2.
A - I = ( a −  )( 4 −  )( 5 −  ) − a  −a ( 5 −  ) + ( − a − 4 ( 4 −  ) )
2
If method unclear insist on 2 out of 3
correct parts. M1
a−2 a 1
May multiply along any row/column.
or A - 2I = −a 2 0 Sarrus leads to the same expressions shown
4 a 3 (or the expressions all multiplied by -1 if
“=0”).
= 6 ( a − 2 ) − a  −3a + ( − a 2 − 8 )
Following use of  = 2 , forms and solves a
 = 2  ( a − 2 )  2  3 + 3a 2 − a 2 − 8 = 0 3TQ in a. Apply usual rules. If no working
2a + 6a − 20 = 0  a + 3a − 10 = 0
2 2 they must obtain one correct solution for dM1
their 3TQ which could be complex. Could
 ( a − 2 )( a + 5 ) = 0  a = ... be implied.
Requires previous M mark.
Correct value of a from correct work.
( a  0 ) a = 2 If –5 is offered imply its rejection if 2 alone A1
is used in (ii)
If a = 2 is arrived at fortuitously, all marks are available for the remainder of the question (3)
(b)(i) Ax = 2x 
ax + ay + z = 2 x Uses Ax = 2x or ( A − 2I ) x = 0  to
Way 2 M1
− ax + 4 y = 2 y obtain three simultaneous equations. Allow
if given as two equal vectors.
Ax = 2x 4 x + ay + 5 z = 2 z
Forms and solves a 3TQ in a. Apply usual
rules. If calculator used must obtain one
 a 2 + 3a − 10 = 0 correct solution for their 3TQ which could
dM1
 ( a − 2 )( a + 5 ) = 0  a = ... be complex.
Could be implied.
Requires previous M mark.
Correct value of a from correct work.
( a  0 ) a = 2 If –5 is offered imply its rejection if 2 alone A1
is used in (ii)
If a = 2 is arrived at fortuitously, all marks are available for the remainder of the question (3)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
5(b)(ii) ( 2 −  )( 4 −  )( 5 −  ) + 4 (5 −  ) + ( −4 − 16 + 4 ) = 0 Uses their value of a in a recognisable
attempt at a characteristic equation and
 ( 5 −  ) ( 2 −  )( 4 −  ) + 4 − 4  = 0 achieves a real non-zero eigenvalue  2. M1
 ( 5 −  )( 2 −  )( 4 −  ) = 0   = ... There must be some algebra but it may be
poor.
Both correct (no extra) and from correct
4 and 5 A1
work
(
For information the cubic is   3 − 11 2 + 38 − 40 = 0 ) (2)
(c)  x  x  x 2x + 2 y + z = 4x − 2x + 2 y + z = 0
     
A  y  = "4"  y  or ( A − "4"I )  y  = 0  − 2 x + 4 y = 4 y or − 2x = 0
z z z 4 x + 2 y + 5z = 4 z 4x + 2 y + z = 0
     
OR
 x  x  x 2 x + 2 y + z = 5x − 3x + 2 y + z = 0
      M1
A  y  = "5"  y  or ( A − "5"I )  y  = 0  − 2 x + 4 y = 5 y or − 2x − y = 0
z z z 4 x + 2 y + 5z = 5z 4x + 2 y + z = 0
     
Uses Ax =  x or ( A −  I ) x = 0 with their value of a and a real non-zero value of
  2 to obtain three simultaneous equations (allow if given as two equal vectors)
Alternatively attempts vector product of two rows of A − "4"I
 0 1 One correct eigenvector.
    As shown or multiple or with components
  − 1  or   −2  multiplied by e.g. “k” A1
 2 7 e.g., x = 0, y = −1, z = 2
    Accept
Both correct eigenvectors. As shown or
 0 1 multiple or with components multiplied by
    e.g. k
  − 1  and   −2  Accept x = ..., y = ..., z = ... A1
 2 7
    Both these 2 A marks could be implied by
their normalised eigenvectors
0 1 M1: A correct method to normalise at least
1   1   one of their eigenvectors
 −1 ,  −2 oe M1 A1
5   54   A1: Both correct. Allow any exact
2 7 equivalents. Isw
All marks available regardless of how a = 2, 2 = 4 & 3 = 5 have been obtained (5)
Total 12
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
6(a) a (1 − cos  )
dx  dy
= or or = a sin  At least one correct derivative B1
d  d
 a − a cos 
a 2 (1 − cos  ) + ( a sin  )
2 2
Squares and adds their derivatives and uses
cos2  + sin 2  = 1 to obtain an expression
= a 2 (1 − 2 cos  + cos 2  + sin 2  ) M1
in cos  only (not cos  )
2

= 2a 2 (1 − cos  ) Could be implied


dM1: Replaces cos  with  1  2sin 2 or
2
equivalent trig work (sign errors only on
identities) to obtain an expression in
  
   sin 2 only
= 2a 1 − 1 − 2sin 2     = 4a 2 sin 2
2
2 dM1 A1
   2  2 Requires previous M mark.
Can be implied.

A1: Achieves 4a 2 sin 2 or k = 4 from
2
correct work
(4)
(b)
 dx   dy  

2
 2

Applies y   +  
 d   d  
 

with their ka 2 sin 2 and square roots. The

 dx   dy  
2 2
 2
S.A. = ( 2 )  y   +   d result of the square root may be incorrect
 d   d  
  
but must be of the form p sin M1
( 2 )  
= ( 2 )  a (1 − cos  )  2a sin  d 2
( 0)  2 Allow a slip replacing y but they must not
dx dy
have used x, or for y
d d
Allow the letter k or an invented value.
2 may be absent or wrong. Integral not
required.
Uses trig identity/identities (condoning sign
( 2 )    
= (2 )2a 2   sin − sin cos   d
errors) to obtain an expression with
( 0)  2 2  
arguments of only.

( 2 )   2  2
 (2 )2a 2   sin 2 − sin 2  2 cos 2 − 1  d
dM1
( 0)
   Allow the letter k or an invented value.
( 2 )  2 may be absent or wrong. Integral not
or e.g.,  (2 )2a 2  2sin 3 d required.
( 0) 2
Dependent on previous M mark.
Scheme continues...
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
6(b)
 2 ( )
2   2   A correct expression for the surface area
cont.  = (2 )4a ( 0)  sin 2 − sin 2 cos 2  d  ignoring limits ft their numerical k, i.e.,
    ( 2 )
  2 
2   2 3
( 2 ) S = 2k a  −2 cos + cos3  oe
2

S = 8 a  −2 cos + cos   2 3 2  ( 0) A1ft

 2 3 2  ( 0)
If they integrate in a piecemeal fashion,
( 2 )
  16  award this mark if they have a correct
or e.g.,  a 2  −16cos + cos3  expression for their k when integration is
 2 3 2  ( 0)
completed – any partial evaluations must be
correct for their k
Substitutes correct limits and attempts to
subtract either way round following a
completed attempt at integration with a
numerical k. Requires previous M marks
 2 2 2  
and must have used 2 .
2 3 
= 8 a 2  −2 cos + cos3  −  −2 cos 0 + cos 0   Look for evidence of correct limit ddM1
 2 3 2   3 
substitution and subtraction. There may be
slips but insist on limits being applied on all
integrations if they have been carried out
separately. Algebraic results of integration
must be seen
64 Correct exact answer. Accept equivalent
=  a2 A1
3 fractions.
All marks available regardless of how k = 4 was obtained (5)
Total 9
Other integration methods:
Allow the second M mark to be available before any attempt at integration is made.
Otherwise the second M is only awarded if they complete integration without any loss of
the required forms (i.e., sign and coefficient errors only and just sign errors only with any
trig identities). The first A (ft) mark is for a fully correct expression ignoring limits for
their k. The last two marks are the same as the main scheme.
For information:
 2  
Applying parts to  sin 2 cos  d gives  cos + 2sin 
3 2 2
Using addition formulae:
 1  3  1  2 3 
 sin 2 cos  d = 2   sin 2 − sin 2  d = 2  2 cos 2 − 3 cos 2 
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
7(a) M1: Attempts vector product of two vectors
 0  1 in the plane. Unless there is a full clear
   
 3    1  = 8i − 2 j − 3k
method they must achieve two correct M1 A1
 −2   2  components
    A1:  ( 8i − 2 j − 3k ) or multiple
Allow any vector notation throughout this question (2)
(b) l has direction vector  ( 2 j + 2k ) Correct direction for l B1
( cos  or sin  = )
" ( 8i − 2j − 3k ) "." ( 2 j + 2k ) " 
"(8)(0) + (−2)(2) + ( −3)(2)"
−10 −5 154 
=  = or 
" 82 + 22 + 32 " " 22 + 22 " " 82 + 2 2 + 32 " " 0 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 "  77  8 154 
M1: For the scalar product of their normal and direction vector divided by the product of
the magnitudes of their vectors. The first expression above oe is sufficient. There must
have been a valid attempt at both vectors. Allow copying errors/slips if intention is clear. M1 A1ft
Modulus not required.
A1ft: A correct ft numerical expression with scalar product calculated as shown by second
expression or better. Allow a decimal correct to 2sf. Modulus not required. Ignore
labelling. Actual decimal is 0.40291148...
Implied by awrt 24 or 66 or 114 provided some work and nothing incorrect seen.
Allow awrt 0.41, 1.16 or 1.99 if working in radians.
Acute angle between l and P
= 90 −  = 90 − 66.23968409... awrt 24 from correct work which could be
minimal. Degrees symbol not required. A1
or  = 23.76031591...  24 Mark final answer.
to the nearest degree
(4)
Note that a vector product could be used:
" ( 8i − 2j − 3k ) " " ( 2 j + 2k ) " " 22 + 162 + 162 "  2 129 
M1: A1:  = = 0.9152389511... 
" 8 + 2 + 3 " " 2 + 2 "
2 2 2 2 2
" 8 + 2 + 3 " " 2 + 2 "
2 2 2 2 2
 77 8 
The modulus of the numerator is required for any marks
(c) M1: Finds a value for the scalar product of
a position vector of a point in the plane or
Way 1 ( i + 2 j + 3k ) . ("8i − 2 j − 3k") = −5 the given point and their normal.
or A1: –5 or 72 (or 5 or -72 if normal is in the M1 A1
Parallel
planes ( 6i − 3j − 6k ) . ("8i − 2 j − 3k ") = 72 opposite direction). May be seen as a
−5
distance e.g.,
"77"
dM1: Having attempted both scalar
products, obtains a numerical expression
Shortest distance is for the distance.
−5 − 72 77  "5" "72" dM1 A1
= or 77 Award for
77 77 "8" + "2" + "3"
2 2 2

Dependent on previous M mark.

A1: Correct exact distance. Isw
(4)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
7(c) M1: Finds a value for the scalar product of
a position vector to a point the plane and
Way 2 ( i + 2 j + 3k ) . ("8i − 2 j − 3k") = −5 their normal. M1 A1
A1: -5 (or 5 if normal is in the opposite
Perp. direction)
distance “ 8 x − 2 y − 3z + 5 = 0 ” dM1: Uses distance formula with their
formula Shortest distance is normal and plane equation to reach a
("8")(6) + ("− 2")(−3) + ("− 3")(−6) + "5" numerical expression for the distance.
Condone sign slip on their -5 and their d dM1 A1
"8"2 + "2"2 + "3"2 must not be zero.
77 Dependent on previous M mark.
= or 77
77 A1: Correct exact distance. Isw
(4)
Let Q be the point on the plane (1, 2, 3) M1: Attempts vector from given point to a
Way 3 then PQ = (i + 2 j + 3k ) − (6i − 3j − 6k ) point on the plane M1 A1
= −5i + 5j + 9k A1: Correct vector (  )
Projection
/resolving
Shortest distance is PQ. n =
formula dM1: Uses formula with their vectors to
("− 5i + 5 j + 9k ") . ("8i + −2 j + −3k ") reach a numerical expression for the
= ... distance dM1 A1
"8"2 + "2"2 + "3"2
Dependent on previous M mark.
77
= or 77 A1: Correct exact distance. Isw
77
(4)
Line through given point in direction of
Way 4 normal is M1: Uses line through given point in the
r = (6i − 3j − 6k ) +  (8i − 2 j − 3k ) direction of their normal and substitutes
Example & meets plane “ 8 x − 2 y − 3z + 5 = 0 ” when into their plane to find a value for  . The d M1 A1
of in their plane equation must not be zero
method 8(6 + 8 ) − 2(−3 − 2 ) − 3(−6 − 3 ) + 5 = 0 A1: Correct value
involving   = −1
−1("8i + −2 j + −3k ") = "8"2 + "2"2 + "3"2
the point
where dM1: Attempts  n or finds point on the
the line Or point of intersection is
plane and obtains numerical expression for
meets (6 –“8”, –3 –“–2”, –6 –“–3”)
distance between this point and the given dM1 A1
plane = (–2, –1, –3) and distance is
point
(6 − "− 2") 2 + (−3 − "− 1") 2 + ( −6 − "− 3") 2 Dependent on previous M mark.
A1: Correct exact distance. Isw
 77
(4)
Marks are scored through the ay which is the best overall match for the attempt.
Credit for work done in (b) is only available for part (c) if it is used in part (c).
Total 10
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
8(a) I n =  cos n x dx =  cos x cos n −1 x (dx) Correct split. Could be implied by their work M1
Way 1 Obtains p sin x cos n −1 x +  q cos n − 2 x sin 2 x ( dx )
= sin x cos n −1
x +  ( n − 1) cos n−2 2
x sin x (dx) dM1
oe
Requires previous M mark.
Replaces sin x with 1 − cos x to achieve a
2 2
= sin x cos n −1 x +  ( n − 1) cos n − 2 x (1 − cos 2 x ) (dx) A1
correct expression for I n
Proceeds to the given answer with at least one
= sin x cosn−1 x + ( n − 1) I n−2 − ( n − 1) I n intermediate step and no errors. Condone
1 n −1 missing “dx”s but there must be no missing A1*
 In = cos n −1 x sin x + I n−2 * arguments. Any clear bracketing error must be
n n
recovered before given answer.
(4)
I n =  cos x dx =  cos x cos
n 2 n−2
x (dx)
Way 2 Correct split and replaces cos x with 1 − sin x
2 2
M1
=  (1 − sin 2 x ) cos n − 2 x (dx)

=  ( cos n − 2 x − cos n − 2 x sin 2 x ) (dx)

=  cos n − 2 x (dx) −  ( sin x sin x cos n − 2 x ) (dx) = ...
dM1
M1: Expands, splits and obtains p  cos n − 2 x (dx) + q cos n −1 x sin x +  r cos n x(dx) oe A1
Requires previous M mark.
A1: Correct expression for In :  cos
n−2
(
x (dx) − − n1−1 cos n−1 x sin x +  n1−1 cos n x(dx) oe )
1 1 Proceeds to the given answer with at least one
= I n−2 + cos n −1 x sin x − In intermediate step and no errors. Condone
n −1 n −1
missing “dx”s but there must be no missing A1*
1 n −1
 I n = cos n −1 x sin x + I n−2 * arguments. Any bracketing error must be
n n recovered before given answer.
(4)

(b) 1 n −1 1
In = cos n−1 x sin x  2 + I n −2 or = ( n − 1) I n −2 Uses the RF to obtain an expression for I n in terms
n 0 n n
 of I n − 2 or I 2 in terms of I 0 M1
1 2 − 1 1
I 2 = cos x sin x  2 +
2 −1
I 0 or = I 0
2 0 2 2 Condone if necessary if limits are absent.
Correct expression for I n in terms of I0 oe

In =
( n − 1)( n − 3) ...5  3 1 I following correct work including 2 applications of
n ( n − 2 )( n − 4 ) ...6  4  2
0
the reduction formula (which could be embedded)
A1
with dots & at least 3 terms in each product (first 2 & prior to this answer. I 0 may have been calculated
last, or first & last 2) previously but do not allow just the final printed
answer to imply this mark.

 
  Correct value for I 0 - requires written evidence of
e.g., I 0 =  2 dx = or I 0 =  x 02 = or I 0 = −0 B1
0 2 2 2 integration (minimal)
Proceeds to given answer. Requires all previous

 In =
( n − 1)( n − 3) ...5  3 1   
marks. Withhold this mark if no 1 cos k −1 x sin x  2 is
* k 0
n ( n − 2 )( n − 4 ) ...6  4  2 2 seen or expression just disappears – one such
A1*
Allow extra terms in both products. expression must be replaced by “0” or have
substitution seen
Attempts via proof by induction will be reviewed. (4)

(n − 1)( n − 3)...3 1 1 2 1 
Attempts may be seen via I n = I 2 and I 2 =  + sin 2  = 
n(n − 2)...4 2 2 0 2 2
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
8(c) Replaces sin x with 1 − cos x
  2 2

2
cos x sin x dx =  cos x (1 − cos x ) dx
6 2 2 6 2
M1
0 0 Can be implied by an attempt at I 6 − I 8
 5  3 1 7  5  3 1   Any correct numerical expression for the
= I 6 − I8 =  −  A1
 6 4 2 8 6 4 2  2 integral
Correct exact value. Accept equivalent
 5 35  5
=  −  =  oe  5  A1
 32 256  256 fractions and allow e.g.,  
 128  2
This is a “Hence” and requires clear use of I 6 − I 8
For the A marks there must be no evidence that the answer has been arrived at without
using part (b). There is no credit in (b) for work in (c).
5 5
Just " I =  " is 0/3 but just " I 6 − I8 =  " is 3/3
256 256
(3)
Total 11
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number

b 2 = a 2 (1 − e2 )  1 = 9 (1 − e2 )
9(a)(i) M1: Uses a correct eccentricity formula
with correct values for a and b and obtains
2
8 2 2 8 a value for e or e M1 A1
 e = ...   , e =
2
or A1: Correct value for e (not  )
9 3 3
Could be implied

( 2 ) ( )
B1: Both correct foci as coordinates
Foci are 2, 0 or  8, 0 Condone any use of a negative e B1
Note that this is not an ft mark.
(3)
(a)(ii) 9 2 9 8 9
x= or  or  oe
4 8 8
Both correct equations. Requires single fraction.
3
Allow ft: x =  computed into a single fraction, condoning e < 0
their e
B1ft
Allow “x1 = ..., x2 = ...”
a
"x = 
e a 9 2
Condone, e.g., but just " = " is B0
9 2 9 2 e 4
= or − "
4 4
(2)
(b) PF1 = e PM1 or PF2 = e PM 2 oe States this definition of an ellipse. M1
Way 1 PF1 + PF2 = e ( PM 1 + PM 2 ) or e ( M 1M 2 ) Correct method for a numerical expression
2 2
" 2  "
9 2 (or with cancelling " x " s) for PF1 + PF2
PF = ePM " " oe
3 4 with their e and directrix. dM1
or PF1 + PF2 = One of the underlined expressions must
2 2  9 2  2 2  9 2  be seen for the first approach.
=" "  " "− x  + " "  " "+ x  Requires previous M mark.
3  4  3  4 
Fully correct proof. Modulus signs are not
=6 * A1*
required.
is only acceptable if e ( PM 1 + PM 2 ) or e ( M 1M 2 ) is seen
a
Way 1 If they work in a and e, e  2 
e
a  a 
Guidance (as with using the values) and e  − x  + e  + x  (  2a ) is acceptable but note in both
e  e 
these general cases the second M mark becomes available when a = 3 is substituted.
The second M is not available for any work which relies on PF1 = PF2
Their proof needs to be shown to be valid for any position of P
2 2 9 2 2 2 9 2 a a
So PF1 + PF2 =  +  or using e  + e  cannot score the
3 4 3 4 e e
second M without e ( PM 1 + PM 2 ) or e ( M 1M 2 ) being seen.
If e appears as a value it must be correct for the final mark.
Just PF1 + PF2 = 2a = 2  3 = 6 is 0/3
Having earned the first mark in Way 1, some candidates proceed to work with a specific
point on the ellipse as in Way 2. Further credit is only available if they clearly state e.g, “
PF1 + PF2 is constant for any P” (3)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
9(b) States this oe definition of an ellipse,
PF1 + PF2 = QF1 + QF2 justified by explanation.
Way 2 where P and Q are any points on the ellipse Accept e.g., “ PF1 + PF2 is constant for M1
oe
PF1 + PF2 = k
any P”
e.g. Q is where E crosses positive x-axis
 PF1 + PF2 = 3 − "2 2 "+ 3 + "2 2 "
Q is where E crosses positive y-axis Correct method for a numerical value for
 PF1 + PF2 = 2 1 + "2 2 " 2 2
PF1 + PF2 using another point on the
dM1
Q is on E directly above F1 ellipse and their foci.
 PF1 + PF2 = Requires previous M mark.

("2 2 "2 )+ ("2 2 "2 )

( )
2
1− 2  "2 2 " + 1 −
9 9
Fully correct proof. Modulus signs are not
=6 * required.
A1*
(3)
P(3cos  ,sin  ) Correct general point in parametric form
( )
Way 3 2
PF1 = 3cos  − "2 2 " + sin  and applies Pythagoras for the distance (or
2 2

its square) to either of their foci. Allow in M1

= ( 3cos  + "2 2 ") + sin 
Point
terms of a, b and 
2 2
2
in terms or PF2
of  Correct method for PF1 + PF2 with their

PF1 + PF2 =
foci. Two three term quadratic expressions
required but allow the second to be implied dM1
8cos 2  − 12 2 cos  + 9 + 8cos 2  + 12 2 cos  + 9 if its correct square root is seen. Score when
a and b are substituted.
Requires previous M mark.
PF1 + PF2 = Fully correct proof. Modulus signs are not
required. The intermediate step shown oe is A1*
3 − 2 2 cos  + 3 + 2 2 cos  = 6* required for this Way.
(3)
 x 2   9− x 2 
Way 4 P  x, 1 −  or P  x, 
 9   9 
    Correct general point in terms of x and
Point in applies Pythagoras for the distance (or its
( ) x9
2
2 M1
PF1 = "2 2 "− x + 1 −
2
terms of square) to either of their foci. Allow in
x terms of a, b and x.
= ( x + "2 2 ") + 1 −
2
2 2x
or PF2
9
Correct method for PF1 + PF2 with their
foci. Two three term quadratic expressions
8 2 8 2 required but allow the second to be implied
PF1 + PF2 = x − 4 2x + 9 + x + 4 2x + 9 dM1
9 9 if its correct square root is seen. Score when
a and b are substituted.
Requires previous M mark.
Fully correct proof. Modulus signs are not
2 2 2 2
PF1 + PF2 = 3 − x +3+ x = 6* required. The intermediate step shown oe is A1*
3 3 required for this Way.
Creditworthy alternative approaches will be reviewed (3)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
9(c) x2
x 2 + 9 ( 2 x + c ) = 9 or + ( 2x + c ) = 1
2 2 Substitutes line into the ellipse equation.
M1
9 Condone slips provided intention clear.
37 x + 36cx + 9c 2 − 9 = 0
2
Correct quadratic with x2 terms collected
37 2 A1
or e.g., x + 4cx + c 2 − 1 = 0 (could be implied)
9
−18c
½ (sum of roots)  ( x =)
37
or
1  −36c + (36c) 2 − 4(37)(9c 2 − 9) −36c − (36c) 2 − 4(37)(9c 2 − 9) 
( x =)  + 
2  2(37) 2(37) 
 dM1 A1
b
M1: Correct attempt at ½ (sum of roots), i.e., − for their quadratic.
2a
Ignore how the expression is labelled.
Requires previous M mark.
A1: Any correct equation in x and c
Allow this mark if e.g., x is seen as Mx
Substitutes their c = px into
the line to obtain an equation
in x and y only.
Allow e.g., xM and yM and
condone e.g., suffixes of P &
Q
This may also be achieved by
37  37 
 c = "− " x  y = 2 x +  "− "  x e.g., finding y in terms of c
18  18  and then eliminating c with
ddM1
18 18  c y 1 their equation in x and c
or x = "− " c  y = 2  "− " c + c  ...  y =  =−  Must not be using “Mx ” or
37 37  37 x 18 
“My ” etc. but imply this
mark from a locus equation
in x and y or
x... and y... with appropriate
suffixes
Requires both previous M
marks
Obtains correct equation for locus (accept
1 equivalents) and makes conclusion e.g.,
 y... = − x... oe
18 “passes/goes through origin/O/(0,0)” but A1*
 l passes through the origin oe * allow “shown”/”as required”/”QED” etc.
Requires all previous marks.
(6)
Total 13
PAPER TOTAL: 75