BS en 16798-5-1-2017

BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
BSI Standards Publication
Energy performance of buildings

— Ventilation for buildings
Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation

and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6, M5-8, M6-5, M6-
8, M7-5, M7-8) — Method 1: Distribution and generation
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017 BRITISH STANDARD
National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16798-5-1:2017.
It supersedes BS EN 15241:2007 which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee RHE/2, Ventilation for buildings, heating and hot
water services.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2017
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017
ISBN 978 0 580 86288 5
ICS 91.140.30; 91.120.10
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 16798-5-1

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2017
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.30 Supersedes EN 15241:2007
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings

- Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
ventilation and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6,
M5-8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) - Method 1: Distribution
and generation
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Lüftung von
des bâtiments - Partie 5-1: Méthodes de calcul des Gebäuden - Teil 5-1: Berechnungsmethoden für den
besoins énergétiques des systèmes de ventilation et de Energiebedarf von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen
conditionnement d'air (Modules M5-6, M5-8, M6-5, (Module M5-6, M5-8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) -
M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) - Méthode 1: Distribution et Methode 1: Verteilung und Erzeugung
génération
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 February 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I TÉ E URO P É E N D E N O RM ALI S ATI O N
E U RO P ÄI S C H E S KO M I T E E F Ü R N O RM U N G
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16798-5-1:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Normative references ................................................................................................................................. 11
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................ 12
4 Symbols and subscripts ............................................................................................................................. 13
4.1 Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
4.2 Subscripts ........................................................................................................................................................ 14
5 Brief description of the method .............................................................................................................. 14
5.1 Output of the method .................................................................................................................................. 14
5.2 General description of the method ........................................................................................................ 14
6 Calculation method...................................................................................................................................... 15
6.1 Output data ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
6.2 Calculation time interval ........................................................................................................................... 18
6.3 Input data ........................................................................................................................................................ 18
6.3.1 Source of data, general ............................................................................................................................... 18
6.3.2 Product data ................................................................................................................................................... 18
6.3.3 System design data ...................................................................................................................................... 24
6.3.4 Operating conditions .................................................................................................................................. 29
6.3.5 Constants and physical data ..................................................................................................................... 30
6.3.6 Input data from Annex A (Annex B) ...................................................................................................... 31
6.4 Calculation procedure ................................................................................................................................ 31
6.4.1 Applicable time intervals .......................................................................................................................... 31
6.4.2 Distribution calculation ............................................................................................................................. 31
6.4.3 Generation calculation ............................................................................................................................... 35
7 Quality control .............................................................................................................................................. 54
8 Compliance check......................................................................................................................................... 54
Annex A (normative) Input and method selection data sheet — Template ........................................... 55
A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 55
A.2 References ...................................................................................................................................................... 56
A.3 Product description data ........................................................................................................................... 56
A.4 Product technical data ............................................................................................................................... 56
A.4.1 Duct tightness class ..................................................................................................................................... 56
A.4.2 Air handling unit tightness class ............................................................................................................ 56
A.4.3 Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors ................................................................................. 57
A.4.4 Nominal heat recovery temperature efficiency and constants for the velocity
dependence .................................................................................................................................................... 57
A.4.5 Humidity recovery efficiency and constants for the calculation ................................................ 58
A.4.6 Value for adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency ............................................................................ 58
A.4.7 Values for cooling and heating coil calculation ................................................................................. 58
A.4.8 Air handling unit related values ............................................................................................................. 59
A.4.9 Specific pump energy for humidification ............................................................................................ 59
A.5 System design data ...................................................................................................................................... 60
2
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
A.5.1 Qualitative process design data choices ............................................................................................... 60

A.5.2 Fan motor heat recovery factors ............................................................................................................. 60
A.5.3 Quantitative process design data choices ............................................................................................ 60
A.5.4 Limit values for the defrost control ....................................................................................................... 61
A.5.5 Process control options .............................................................................................................................. 61
A.5.6 Heat recovery control options ................................................................................................................. 61
Annex B (informative) Input and method selection data sheet — Default choices ............................. 62
B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 62
B.2 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 62
B.3 Product description data ........................................................................................................................... 63
B.4 Product technical data ................................................................................................................................ 63
B.4.1 Duct tightness class ...................................................................................................................................... 63
B.4.2 Air handling unit tightness class ............................................................................................................. 64
B.4.3 Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors ................................................................................. 64
B.4.4 Nominal heat recovery temperature efficiency and constants for the velocity
dependence ..................................................................................................................................................... 64
B.4.5 Humidity recovery efficiency and constants for the calculation ................................................. 65
B.4.6 Value for adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency ............................................................................. 65
B.4.7 Values for cooling and heating coil calculation ................................................................................. 65
B.4.8 Air handling unit related default values .............................................................................................. 66
B.4.9 Specific pump energy for humidification ............................................................................................. 66
B.5 System design data ....................................................................................................................................... 67
B.5.1 Qualitative process design data choices ............................................................................................... 67
B.5.2 Fan motor heat recovery factors ............................................................................................................. 67
B.5.3 Quantitative process design data choices ............................................................................................ 67
B.5.4 Limit values for the defrost control ....................................................................................................... 68
B.5.5 Control options .............................................................................................................................................. 68
B.5.6 Heat recovery control options ................................................................................................................. 68
Annex C (normative) Calculation method for ground preheating and -cooling.................................... 70
C.1 Calculation....................................................................................................................................................... 70
C.1.1 Temperature difference ............................................................................................................................. 70
C.1.2 Moisture difference ...................................................................................................................................... 71
C.1.3 Pressure losses of the heat exchanger .................................................................................................. 72
C.2 Data .................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Annex D (informative) Calculation method for rotary heat exchangers ................................................. 73
D.1 Calculation....................................................................................................................................................... 73
D.1.1 Heat recovery ................................................................................................................................................. 73
D.1.2 Moisture recovery ........................................................................................................................................ 73
D.2 Data .................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 76
3
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16798-5-1:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156
“Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 15241:2007.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
Regarding the modifications that were made with regard to EN 15241:2007, these are listed in the last
paragraph in the Introduction.
This standard has been produced to meet the requirements of Directive 2010/31/EU 19 May 2010 on
the energy performance of buildings (recast), referred to as “recast EPDB”.
EN 15241:2007 was produced to meet the requirements of Directive 2002/91/EC 16 December 2002
on energy performance of buildings referred to as “EPBD”.
For the convenience of Standards users CEN/TC 156, together with the responsible Working Group
Convenors, have prepared a simple table below relating, where appropriate, the relationship between
the ‘EPBD’ and ‘recast EPBD’ standard numbers prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156
“Ventilation for buildings”.
EPBD EN Recast EPBD EN

Title
Number Number
Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

— Part 1: Indoor environmental input parameters for design
and assessment of energy performance of buildings
EN 15251 EN 16798-1 addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting
and acoustics (Module M1-6)
(revision of EN 15251)

— Part 2: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-1
— Indoor environmental input parameters for design and
N/A CEN/TR 16798-2
assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing
indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and
acoustics (Module M1-6)
4
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)

Title
Number Number

— Part 3: For non-residential buildings — Performance
EN 13779 EN 16798-3 requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems
(Modules M5-1, M5-4)

— Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798- 3
N/A CEN/TR 16798-4 — For non-residential buildings — Performance
requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning
systems(Modules M5-1, M5-4)

— Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
ventilation and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6, M5-
EN 15241 EN 16798-5-1 8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) — Method 1: Distribution and
generation

— Part 5-2: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
EN 15241 EN 16798-5-2 ventilation systems (Modules M5-6.2, M5-8.2) — Method 2:
Distribution and generation

— Part 6: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-5-
N/A CEN/TR 16798-6 1 and EN 16798-5-2 — Calculation methods for energy
requirements of ventilation and air conditioning systems
(Modules M5-6, M5-8, M 6-5, M6-8 , M7-5, M7-8)

— Part 7: Calculation methods for the determination of air
EN 15242 EN 16798-7 flow rates in buildings including infiltration (Module M5-5)

N/A CEN/TR 16798-8
— Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates
in buildings including infiltration – (Module M5-5)

— Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
EN 15243 EN 16798-9 cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) — General
5
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)

Title
Number Number

N/A CEN/TR 16798-10
— Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling
systems (Module M4-1,M4-4, M4-9) – General

N/A EN 16798-13 — Part 13: Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) —
Generation

— Part 14: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-
N/A CEN/TR 16798-14
13 — Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) —
Generation

N/A EN 16798-15 — Part 15: Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-7) —
Storage

N/A CEN/TR 16798-16
15 — Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-7) —
Storage

EN 15239 and
EN 16798-17 — Part 17: Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-
EN 15240
conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

N/A CEN/TR 16798-18
17 — Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-
conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
6
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard is part of a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the
methodology for the assessment of the energy performance of buildings, called “set of EPB standards”.
All EPB standards follow specific rules to ensure overall consistency, unambiguity and transparency.
All EPB standards provide a certain flexibility with regard to the methods, the required input data and
references to other EPB standards, by the introduction of a normative template in Annex A and Annex B
with informative default choices.
For the correct use of this standard a normative template is given in Annex A to specify these choices.
Informative default choices are provided in Annex B.
The main target groups of this standard are all the users of the set of EPB standards (e.g. engineers,
regulators, programmers).
Use by or for regulators: In case the standard is used in the context of national or regional legal
requirements, mandatory choices may be given at national or regional level for such specific
applications. These choices (either the informative default choices from Annex B or choices adapted to
national / regional needs, but in any case following the template of this Annex A) can be made available
as national annex or as separate (e.g. legal) document (national data sheet).
NOTE 1 So in this case:
— the regulators will specify the choices;
— the individual user will apply the standard to assess the energy performance of a building, and thereby use
the choices made by the regulators.
Topics addressed in this standard can be subject to public regulation. Public regulation on the same
topics can override the default values in Annex B of this standard. Public regulation on the same topics
can even, for certain applications, override the use of this standard. Legal requirements and choices are
in general not published in standards but in legal documents. In order to avoid double publications and
difficult updating of double documents, a national annex may refer to the legal texts where national
choices have been made by public authorities. Different national annexes or national data sheets are
possible, for different applications.
It is expected, if the default values, choices and references to other EPB standards in Annex B are not
followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that:
— national or regional authorities prepare data sheets containing the choices and national or regional
values, according to the model in Annex A. In this case the National Annex (e.g. NA) refers to this
text;
— or, by default, the national standards body will consider the possibility to add or include a National
Annex in agreement with the template of Annex A, in accordance to the legal documents that give
national or regional values and choices.
Default references to EPB standards other than EN ISO 52000-1 are identified by the EPB module code
number and given in Annex A (normative template) and Annex B (informative default choice).
NOTE 2 Example of EPB module code number: M5–5, or M5–5.1 (if module M5–5 is subdivided), or M5–5/1 (if
reference to a specific clause of the standard covering M5–5).
Further target groups are parties wanting to motivate their assumptions by classifying the building
energy performance for a dedicated building stock.
7
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
More information is provided in the Technical Report accompanying this standard (CEN/TR 16798-6
[1] ), including examples aiming to check the quality and usability of the standard.
CEN/TC 156 deals with ventilation and air conditioning systems in buildings. Subjects covered by
CEN/TC 156 are:
a) energy performance calculation for ventilation, air conditioning and cooling systems;
b) inspection of ventilation and air conditioning systems; and
c) installation and commissioning of ventilation and air conditioning systems.
The revision includes changes:

— for a rearrangement of content versus EN 15242:2007, in order to better fit in the modular
structure given in EN ISO 52000-1;
— to cover full air conditioning systems (including heating, cooling humidification, dehumidification;
definition see the module M5-1 standard);
— for an improved fan energy calculation, taking into consideration control strategies according to
CEN/TC 247 and fan product standards/data;
— for an improved calculation of different types of heat recovery devices (air-to-air heat exchangers,
rotary and pumped circuit), delivering the efficiency and auxiliary energy depending on control,
including moisture transfer;
— for the consideration of recirculation, including control;
— for an improved humidification calculation for different humidifier types, including auxiliary
energy;
— for the calculation of adiabatic cooling;
— the formatting according to the new rules set in CEN/TS 16629; and
— the consideration of ISO/TC 205 work performed in the meantime.
8
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard covers the energy performance calculation of mechanical ventilation and air
conditioning systems, including humidification and dehumidification. It takes into account the
generation (air handling unit) and distribution (duct system) parts. It includes a simplified calculation
of adiabatic cooling systems. It does not cover the emission part (calculation of the required volume
flow rates and/or supply air conditions), which is covered in EN 16798-7. It does not include the
calculation of heating/cooling generation. This method is focussed on large customized ventilation and
air conditioning systems, typically used in commercial buildings, although the application is not
restricted on the basis of building or space use type.
A calculation method for ventilation systems with integrated heating/cooling generation, including
domestic hot water generation, using a monthly or seasonal calculation interval or a bin method, is
provided in a separate standard, EN 16798-5-2. This method does not include humidification and
dehumidification or adiabatic cooling.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the
modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1 In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the
relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard might cover more than one module
and one module might be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method
respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
9
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 1 — Position of this standard (in casu M5–6.1, M5–8.1, M6–5, M6–8, M7–5, M7–8) within
the modular structure of the set of EPB standards
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
Building automation &

Domestic Hot water
Dehumidification
Humidification
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Submodule
Ventilation
PV, wind, ..
Lighting
Heating
Cooling
control
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 General General General
Common
terms and
Building
definitions;
2 Energy Needs a
symbols,
Needs
units and
subscripts
(Free)
Indoor Maximum
3 Applications Conditions Load and
without Power
Systems
Ways to
Ways to Ways to
Express
Express Express
4 Energy
Energy Energy
Performan
Performance Performance
ce
EN 16798-5-1
EN 16798-5-1
Building Heat
categories Transfer by Emission &
5
and Building Transmissi control
Boundaries on
Building Heat
EN 16798-5-1
Occupancy Transfer by
Distribution &
6 and Infiltration
control
Operating and
Conditions Ventilation
Aggregation
of Energy
Internal Storage &
7 Services and
Heat Gains control
Energy
Carriers
10
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
Building automation &

Domestic Hot water
Dehumidification
Humidification
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Submodule
Ventilation
PV, wind, ..
Lighting
Heating
Cooling
control
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
EN 16798-5-1
EN 16798-5-1
EN 16798-5-1
Building Solar Heat Generation &
8
zoning Gains control
Building Load
Calculated
Dynamics dispatching
9 Energy
(thermal and operating
Performance
mass) conditions
Measured
Measured Measured
Energy
10 Energy Energy
Performan
Performance Performance
ce
11 Inspection Inspection Inspection
Ways to
Express
12 BMS
Indoor
Comfort
External
13 Environment
Conditions
Economic
14
Calculation
a The shaded modules are not applicable.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1507, Ventilation for buildings — Sheet metal air ducts with rectangular section — Requirements for
strength and leakage
EN 1886, Ventilation for buildings — Air handling units — Mechanical performance
EN 12237, Ventilation for buildings — Ductwork — Strength and leakage of circular sheet metal ducts
EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings — Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols
11
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
EN 13053, Ventilation for buildings — Air handling units — Rating and performance for units,
components and sections
EN 13141-7, Ventilation for buildings — Performance testing of components/products for residential
ventilation — Part 7: Performance testing of a mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation units (including
heat recovery) for mechanical ventilation systems intended for single family dwellings
EN 13141-8, Ventilation for buildings — Performance testing of components/products for residential
ventilation — Part 8: Performance testing of un-ducted mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation units
(including heat recovery) for mechanical ventilation systems intended for a single room
EN 14239 Ventilation for buildings — Ductwork — Measurement of ductwork surface area
prEN 16798-3:2014, Energy performance of buildings — Part 3: Ventilation for non-residential

buildings — Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems
EN ISO 5801, Industrial fans — Performance testing using standardized airways (ISO 5801)
EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987)
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1:

General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, in
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, EN 12792:2003, prEN 16798-3:2014, and the following apply.
NOTE The terms of EN ISO 52000-1 that are indispensable for the understanding of the underlying standard
are repeated here.
3.1
EPB standard
standard that complies with the requirements given in EN ISO 52000-1, CEN/TS 16628 and
CEN/TS 16629
Note1 to entry: CEN/TS 16628 and CEN/TS 16629 contain specific rules to ensure overall consistency,
unambiguity, transparency and flexibility, supported by common templates. EN ISO 52000-1, the overarching EPB
standard, is indispensable for each EPB standard, because of the modular structure, common terms and
definitions, symbols and subscripts and because it provides the general framework for the EPB assessment,
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1]
3.2
duct leakage air volume flow rate extracted from, ventilation zone i
leakage air volume flow rate going to the extract air ducts, extracted from a ventilation zone
3.3
duct leakage air volume flow rate going to, ventilation zone i
leakage air volume flow rate from the supply air ducts going to a ventilation zone
12
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
3.4
heat transferred by ground preheating/cooling
heat transferred to the outdoor air by ground preheating and cooling
3.5
heat transferred by recirculation
heat transferred to the outdoor air by recirculation of extract air
3.6
heat transferred by heat recovery
heat transferred to the outdoor air by heat recovery from extract air
3.7
humidification auxiliary energy
auxiliary energy needed for humidification (for pumps, etc.)
3.8
humidification generation input
energy required by the humidifier (for steam humidifiers)
3.9
required AHU cooling coil output
heat required to be extracted from air handling unit for cooling and dehumidification of the supply air
to the setpoints
3.10
required AHU heating coil input
heat required to be supplied to the air handling unit for heating the supply air to the setpoint
3.11
required cooling coil inlet temperature
cooling coil inlet temperature required for cooling and dehumidification of the supply air to the
setpoints
3.12
required heating coil inlet temperature
heating coil inlet temperature required to heat the supply air to the setpoint
3.13
required supply air moisture content
moisture content of the supply air leaving the air distribution
3.14
ventilation auxiliary energy
auxiliary energy for the service of ventilation (for heat recovery drives, electrical preheating and for
control)
4 Symbols and subscripts

4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this European Standard, the symbols given in Clause 4 and EN ISO 52000-1:2017,
Annex C, EN 12792:2003 and the specific symbols listed in Table 2 apply.
13
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 2 — Symbols and units

Symbol Quantity Unit
e Exponent —
n Rotation number min− 1
r Evaporation heat of the water kWh/kg
v Velocity m/s
x Moisture content kg / kg dry air
ε Heat recovery efficiency —
4.2 Subscripts
For the purposes of this Standard, the subscripts given in Clause 4 and EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Annex C
and the specific subscripts listed in Table 3 apply.
Table 3 —Subscripts
Subscrip Subscript Term Subscript Term
Term
t
EHA Exhaust air Coil Coil nom nominal
ETA Extract air Cnd Conditioned req required
IDA Indoor air Ctrl Control rot Rotation
ODA Outdoor air Des Design st1..stn Stage 1 to stage n
RCA Recirculation Du Duct sur surrounding
air
SUP Supply air hr heat recovery xr humidity recovery
a Air lea Leakage zt Thermal zone
ahu Air handling nc non-conditioned zv Ventilation zone
unit
5 Brief description of the method

5.1 Output of the method
The calculation interval of the output can be:
a) hourly; or
b) bin,
according to the application of the standard and interval of the input.

5.2 General description of the method
The method covers the calculation of:
— the volume flow rates provided to the ventilation zones served by the system, based on the
required values;
14
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— the supply air temperature and moisture content, based on the required values;
— the ventilation generation input (electric energy required by fans);
— the humidification generation input;
— heating (including humidification in case of reheat with adiabatic humidification) and cooling input
to the air handling unit (to be transferred to the connected heating and cooling distribution systems
calculation);
— the recoverable heat or cold losses from ventilation/air conditioning system for heating or cooling;
— the ventilation auxiliary energy (electric energy for drives of e.g. rotary or pumped circuit heat
recovery devices, control devices, actuators, etc.);
— the electric energy required for humidification (only for specific humidifier types); and
— the humidification auxiliary energy.
6 Calculation method
6.1 Output data
The output data of this method are listed in Table 4.
15
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 4 — Output data of this method

Intended
Validity
Description Symbol Software name Unit destination Varyingc
interval a
module b
Ventilation M1–9,
EV;gen;in;el E_V_gen_in_el kWh 0— ∞ Yes
generation input M5–4
Humidification M1–9,
EHU;gen;in;cr E_HU_gen_in_cr kWh 0— ∞ Yes
generation input M5–4
Humidification
generation M1–9,
GEN_CRHU;gen GEN_CR_HU_gen List 0— ∞ No
energy carrier M5–4
indentifier
Ventilation M1–9,
WV;aux W_V_aux kWh 0— ∞ Yes
auxiliary energy M5–4
Humidification M1–9,
WHU;aux W_HU_aux kWh 0— ∞ Yes
auxiliary energy M5–4
Recoverable duct
QV;ls;dis;rbl;zt,i Q_V_ls_dis_rbl_zt(i) kWh -∞ —∞ M2–2 Yes
heat losses
Recoverable AHU
QV;ls;gen;rbl Q_V_ls_gen_rbl kWh -∞ —∞ M2–2 Yes
heat losses
Required AHU
QH;ahu;in;req Q_H_ahu_in_req kWh 0— ∞ M3–1 Yes
heating coil input
Required AHU
cooling coil QC;ahu;out;req Q_C_ahu_out_req kWh 0— ∞ M4–1 Yes
output
Heat transferred
Qhr Q_hr kWh - ∞ —∞ M5–4 Yes
by heat recovery
Heat required for
the supply air
QH;ahu;in;tot;req Q_H_ahu_in_tot_req kWh 0— ∞ M5–4 Yes
without heat
recovery
Electric energy
input for the
EV;gen;in;el;hr E_V_gen_in_el_hr kWh 0— ∞ M5–4 Yes
pressure drop of
the heat recovery
Required heating
coil inlet ϑH;ahu;in;req theta_H_ahu_in_req °C 20—90 M3–1 Yes
temperature
Required cooling
coil inlet ϑC;ahu;in;req theta_C_ahu_in_req °C 0—20 M4–1 Yes
temperature
Required cooling
air supply ϑSUP;C;req theta_SUP_C_req °C 0—30 M4–1 Yes
temperature
Supply volume
flow rate going to qV;SUP;dis;zv,i q_V_SUP_dis_zv(i) m3 /h 0— ∞ M5–5 Yes
ventilation zone i
Extract volume
flow from qV;ETA;dis;zv,i Q_V_ETA_dis_zv(i) m3 /h - ∞ —0 M5–5 Yes
ventilation zone i
16
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Intended
Validity
Description Symbol Software name Unit destination Varyingc
interval a
module b
Duct leakage
volume flow
going to
qV;lea;SUP;dis;zv,i q_V_lea_SUP_dis_zv(i) m 3 /s 0— ∞ M5–5 Yes
ventilation zone i
Duct leakage
volume flow
extracted from
qV;lea;ETA;dis;zv,i q_V_lea_ETA_dis_zv(i) m3 /s - ∞ —0 M5–5 Yes
ventilation zone i
Supply outdoor
air fraction
fODA f_ODA — 0—1 M5–5 Yes
Supply air
ϑSUP;dis;out theta_SUP_dis_out °C − 273— ∞ M5–5 Yes
temperature
Supply air kg/kg dry M6–2,
moisture content
xSUP;dis;out x_SUP_dis_out
air
0— ∞
M7–2
Yes
a Practical range, informative.

b Informative.
c Varying”: value may vary over time: different values per time interval, for instance: hourly values or monthly values (not
constant values over the year).
where:
EV;gen;in;el is the electric energy required by the fan(s);
EHU;gen;in;cr is the energy of carrier cr required by the humidifier;
GEN_CRHU;gen humidification generation energy carrier indentifier
WV;aux is the auxiliary energy for the service of ventilation (for heat recovery drives,
electrical preheating and control);
WHU;aux is the auxiliary energy for humidification (for pumps, etc.);
QV;ls;dis;rbl;zt;i is the heat losses (by leakage and heat transfer) of the ductwork, recoverable
for heating and cooling (negative values);
QV;ls;gen;rbl is the heat losses (by leakage and heat transfer) of the air handling unit,
recoverable for heating and cooling (negative values);
QH;ahu;in;req is the heat required to be supplied to the air handling unit for air heating;
ϑH;ahu;in;req is the required heating coil inlet temperature (water or refrigerant)
QC;ahu;out;req is the heat required to be extracted from air handling unit for air cooling and
dehumidification;
ϑC;ahu;in;req is the required cooling coil inlet temperature (water or refrigerant)
Qhr is the heat transferred to the outdoor air by heat recovery from extract air;
QH;ahu;in;tot;req is the heat required for the supply air without heat recovery;
EV;gen;in;el;hr is the electric energy input to cover the pressure drop of the heat recovery;
qV;SUP;dis;zv;i is the supply air flow rate going to a ventilation zone;
qV;ETA;dis;zv;I is the extract air flow rate extracted from a ventilation zone;
qV;lea;SUP;dis;zv;i is the leakage air from the supply air ducts going to a ventilation zone;
qV;lea;ETA;dis;zv;i is the leakage air to the extract air ducts extracted from a ventilation zone;
17
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
fODA is the fraction of outdoor air in the supply air;

ϑSUP;dis;out is the temperature of the supply air leaving the air distribution system;
xSUP;dis;out is the moisture content of the supply air leaving the air distribution system.
6.2 Calculation time interval
The method described in Clause 6 is suitable for the following calculation time intervals:
— hourly; and
— bin.
NOTE For the definition and explanation of a bin see CEN ISO/TR 52000-2.
For this method, the output time interval is the same as the input time interval.
6.3 Input data
6.3.1 Source of data, general
Input data about products that are required for the calculation described in this standard shall be the
data supplied by the manufacturer if they are declared according to relevant EN product standards.
If no such data from the manufacturer is available or if the required data are not product data, default
values are given in Annex B.
Default informative data given in Annex B may be replaced by other data, for example nationally
determined data. To ensure consistency with this calculation method, input data shall be presented
according to the template given in Annex A.
NOTE Compliance with the template given in Annex A does not guarantee that the new data set is consistent.
6.3.2 Product data

6.3.2.1 Product description data (qualitative)
The product description data of ventilation systems is given by:

— HEAT_REC_TYPE: Heat recovery type, see Table 5.
Table 5 — Identifiers for heat recovery type

Code Meaning
PLATE Plate heat exchanger
ROT_NH Rotary, non-
hygroscopic
ROT_HYG Rotary hygroscopic
ROT_SORP Rotary sorbtive
PUMP_CIRC Pumped circuit
system
OTHER Other type of heat
recovery
— DEFR_TYPE: Frost protection type, see Table 6.
18
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 6 — Identifiers for frost protection type

Code Meaning
PREH The entering temperature to the heat recovery is enhanced by a preheating coil
BYPASS A bypass in the supply air decreases the transferred heat and rises the leaving extract air
temperature
RECIRCRecirculation of extract air to the outdoor air increases the entering temperature to the heat
recovery
— HUM_TYPE: Humidifier type, see Table 7.
Table 7 — Identifiers for humidifier type

Code Meaning
CONTACT Contact and drip
humidifier
Rotary spray
ROT_SPRAY
humidifier
HI_PRES High pressure
humidifier
HYBRID Hybrid humidifier
STEAM Steam humidifier
OTHER Other type of
humidifier
— GEN_CRHU;gen: Humidifier type, see Table 8.
Table 8 — Identifiers for humidification energy carrier in case of HUM_TYPE = STEAM

Code Meaning
HUM_CR_EL electricity
HUM_CR_GAS gas
HUM_CR_SOL solar
HUM_CR_OTHER other type of carrier
6.3.2.2 Product technical data
6.3.2.2.1 General
The product data shall be the value declared by the manufacturer according to certified measurements
performed according to the relevant product standards. If values declared by the manufacturer are not
available, then default values are given in Annex A.
Declared values are given at standard reference test conditions. Declared values shall be adjusted
according to actual operating conditions. This adjustment is part of the calculation procedure. This
applies both to standard test values and to field test measurements.
Required technical data for this calculation procedure are listed in Table 9.
19
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 9 — Product technical input data list

Validity
Characteristics Symbol Unit Reference Varying b
interval a
Duct leakage factor flea;du — 0—1 6.3.2.2.2
Air handling unit leakage factor flea;ahu — 0—1 6.3.2.2.3
Nominal supply air volume flow rate
qV;SUP;ahu;nom m 3 /h 0— ∞ No
of the air handling unit
Supply air volume flow rate of the air
qV;SUP;ahu;st1..stn m 3 /h 0— ∞ No
handling unit at stage 1..n
Nominal extract air volume flow rate
of the air handling unit
qV;ETA;ahu;nom m 3 /h No
Extract air volume flow rate of the air

handling unit at stage 1..n
qV;ETA;ahu;st1..stn m 3 /h No
Number of stages n st — No
Minimum volume flow rate ratio n q;min — 0—1 No
Recovered ratio of the fan power ffan;rd — No
Nominal heat recovery temperature
η hr;nom — No
efficiency at design air velocity
Maximum (design) supply air flow
rate of the system
qV;SUP;hr;nom m 3 /h No
Nominal air velocity for the heat

recovery
vhr;nom m/s No
Constant for the velocity dependence

of the heat recovery efficiency
C1 s/m 6.4.3.2.6 No
Constant for the velocity dependence

of the heat recovery efficiency
C2 — 6.4.3.2.6 No
Factor for the rotation speed

dependence of the heat recovery fhr;n — 6.4.3.2.6 No
efficiency for rotary heat recoveries
Nominal humidity recovery efficiency
η xr;nom — 6.4.3.2.6 No
at design air velocity
Nominal humidity recovery efficiency kg / kg dry
ΔxODA;nom 6.4.3.2.6 No
at design air velocity air
Factor for moisture difference
dependence of the humidity recovery fΔx;x — 6.4.3.2.6 No
Correction factor for the mass flow fq;x
relation dependence of the humidity
— 6.4.3.2.6 No
recovery efficiency for rotary heat
recoveries
Correction factor for the air velocity fv;x — 6.4.3.2.6 No
dependence of the humidity recovery
20
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Validity
interval a
Correction factor for the rotation
speed dependence of the humidity
fn;x — 6.4.3.2.6 No
recovery efficiency for rotary heat
recoveries
Correction factor for other heat
fxr;other — 6.4.3.2.6 No
recovery types
Heat recovery efficiency reduced due
to defrost operation at ϑ e = −15°C, εD;-15 — No
according to EN 13053
Heat recovery efficiency reduced due
to defrost operation at ϑ e = −7°C, εD;-7 — No
Constant for the cooling coil moisture
CC;1 — No
content
CC;2 — No
content
CC;3 — No
content
Cooling coil bypass factor fC;bp — No
Cooling coil temperature efficiency η coil;C — No
Heating coil temperature efficiency η coil;H — No
Nominal efficiency of the supply fan,
taken from manufacturer's data, η fan;SUP;nom — No
provided according to EN ISO 5801
Nominal pressure difference over the
supply fan, taken from manufacturer's Δp fan;SUP;nom Pa No
data according to EN ISO 5801
Supply fan design pressure difference Δp fan;SUP;des Pa No
Nominal efficiency of the extract fan,
taken from manufacturer's data, η fan;ETA;nom — No
Nominal pressure difference over the
supply fan, taken from manufacturer's Δp fan;ETA;nom Pa No
data according to EN ISO 5801
Extract fan design pressure difference Δp fan;ETA;des Pa No
Function for the dependence of the
efficiency of the supply / extract fan
on the volume flow rate, derived from fη (q V) — No
manufacturer's data, provided
according to EN ISO 5801
21
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Validity
interval a
Function for the dependence of the
pressure difference over the supply /
extract fan on the volume flow rate, fΔp (q V) — No
derived from manufacturer's data,
Controlled portion of the total supply
fΔp;SUP;ctrl — No
design pressure difference
Controlled portion of the total return
fΔp;ETA;ctrl — No
design pressure difference
Supply air handling unit surface area A ahu;SUP m2 No
Supply air handling unit heat loss
Uahu;SUP kW/m 2 K No
coefficient
Extract air handling unit surface area A ahu;ETA m2 No
Extract air handling unit heat loss
Uahu;ETA kW/m 2 K No
coefficient
Maximum heat transfer power of the
Φhr;max kW No
heat recovery device
Maximum rotation speed of the rotary
n rot;max min− 1 No
heat recovery device
Rotor drive power at max. rotation
Phr;rot;max kW No
speed
Relative pump power consumption
per transported volume at maximum p el;hr;pu;max kWh/m 3 No
speed
Minimum part load factor of the heat
fpl;hr;min — No
recovery
Supply plus extract design pressure ΔpSUP+ETA;des;hr Pa
difference of the heat recovery device No
at design conditions
Efficiency of the adiabatic cooling η hu;ac
— No
humidifier
Electric power consumption of the
control devices (sensors, actuators, ΣPel;V;ctrl kW No
controllers)
Design air volume flow rate of the
q V;SUP;HU;des m 3 /h No
humidified system
Specific power consumption of the
humidification pump per colume flow p el;HU;des kWh/m 3 No
rate
Design water evaporation mass flow
q m;w;HU,des kg/h 0— ∞ No
rate of the humidifier
22
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Validity
interval a
a Practical range, informative
b “Varying”: value may vary over time: different values per time interval, for instance: hourly values or monthly
values (not constant values over the year)
Data shall be defined in accordance with the template given in Annex A. Default data are given in
Annex B.
6.3.2.2.2 Duct leakage factors
The duct leakage factor is defined as:

q v , lea ,du
flea ,du = 1+ (1)
q v ,dis ,req
The air flow through the duct leakage is calculated
qV , lea ,du = A du ⋅ c lea ,du ⋅ ∆p du e p ⋅ 3600 (2)
where:
qV;lea;du m 3 /h is the air volume flow rate through the duct leakages
A du m2 is the duct area. It shall be calculated according to EN 14239
Δp du Pa is the pressure difference between duct and ambient air. Unless otherwise
specified, this is:
— in supply air ductwork: the average between the pressure difference at the
AHU outlet and the pressure difference right upstream of the air terminal
device;
— in extract air ductwork: the average between the pressure difference right
downstream of the air terminal device and the pressure difference at the
AHU inlet;
clea,du m 3 /(s⋅m 2 ) Air tightness factor of the ductwork. It shall be determined according to
for 1 Pa EN 12237 (circular ducts) and EN 1507 (rectangular ducts).
NOTE These standards do not follow the rule “coefficients have dimensions; factors
are dimensionless”; therefore clea,du is called a factor in these standards and has the
symbol f.
ep — is the pressure difference exponent; default value: 0,65
In the absence of detailed information, duct leakage factors can be used depending on the duct air
tightness class according to Table 10. Default tightness classes shall be defined according to the
template given in Table A.2, default values are given in Table B.2.
23
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 10 — Duct leakage factors

Duct tightness class flea;du
unknown 1,45 a
A 1,18
B 1,06
C 1,02
D 1,0 b
a According to prEN 16798-3,5 x A.
b Special applications (clean rooms).
6.3.2.2.3 Air handling unit leakage factors
The air handling unit leakage factor is calculated:

0,65
q v ; lea ; ahu  ∆p SUP / ETA 
flea ; ahu = 1+ ⋅   (3)
q v ; dis ; in /out  ∆p test 
where
q V;lea;ahu m 3 /h is the air handling unit leakage airflow determined according to EN 1886
q V;dis;in/out m 3 /h is the supply or extract volume flow rate going into or coming from the
distribution system
Δp SUP / m 3 /h is the pressure difference between the supply or extract air side and the
ETA environment of the air handling unit
Δp test m 3 /h is the test pressure according to EN 1886
In the absence of detailed information, duct leakage factors can be used depending on the AHU air
tightness class according to Table 11. Default tightness classes shall be defined according to the
template given in Table A.3, proposed default values are given in Table B.3.
Table 11 — AHU leakage factors
AHU tightness class flea;ahu
L3 1,1
L2 1,04
L1 1,01
6.3.3 System design data
6.3.3.1 Process design
The process design data of ventilation systems is given by:

— SUP_FAN_LOC: Supply fan localization, see Table 12.
24
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 12 — Identifiers for supply fan localization

Code Meaning
UP_HR Supply fan is located upstream of the heat recovery device or the recirculation
DOWN_HR Supply fan is located downstream of the heat recovery device or the recirculation
— ETA_FAN_LOC: Extract fan localization, see Table 13.
Table 13 — Identifiers for extract fan localization

Code Meaning
UP_HR Extract fan is located upstream of the heat recovery device or the recirculation
DOWN_HR Extract fan is located downstream of the heat recovery device or the recirculation
— FAN_MOT_LOC: Fan motor localization, see Table 14.
Table 14 — Identifiers for fan motor localization

Code Meaning
IN_AIR Fan motor is located inside the air stream
OUTS_AIR Fan motor is located outside the air stream
— SYS_TYPE: System type for variable air volume flow rate fan energy calculation, see Table 15.
Table 15 — Identifiers for SYS_TYPE

Code Meaning
SINGLE_ZONE The system is serving one single zone or is controlled according to a pilot zone
MULTI_ZONE The system is serving several zones with individual zone volume flow rate controls
— AHU_LOC: Air handling unit localization, see Table 16.
Table 16 — Identifiers for air handling unit localization

Code Meaning
CND Air handling unit is located in the conditioned zone
NC Air handling unit is located in the non-conditioned zone
The process design data are given in Table 17.
25
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 17 — Process design data

Validity
Characteristics Symbol Unit Origin b Varying c
interval a
Heat transfer coefficient from the supply duct to
Hdu;SUP;nc kW/K 0— ∞ * No
the non-conditioned surrounding
Heat transfer coefficient of the supply air duct to
Hdu;SUP;zt;i kW/K 0— ∞ * No
a specific conditioned thermal zone i.
Heat transfer coefficient from the extract duct to
Hdu;ETA;nc kW/K 0— ∞ * No
the non-conditioned surrounding
Maximum design required supply air volume
flow rate for ventilation zone i
qV;SUP;dis;zv;max;des;i m 3 /h M5–5 No
Design supply outdoor air volume flow rate for

ventilation zone i
qV;ODA;zv;req;des;i m 3 /h M5–5 No
Number of ventilation zones n zv — No

Supply temperature setpoint (for constant
ϑSUP;set °C 0—+50 No
supply temperature control)
Maximum supply air temperature setpoint for
ϑSUP;set;max °C 0—+50 No
ODA_COMP control option
Minimum supply air temperature setpoint for
ϑSUP;set;min °C 0—+50 No
ODA_COMP control option
Slope factor for ODA_COMP control option fe — No
Temperature offset for ODA_COMP control Δϑoff
K No
option
Design air velocity in the heat recovery unit vhr;des m/s No
Outdoor air temperature limit 1 for defrost ϑe;lim1 °C No
operation calculation
Outdoor air temperature limit 2 for defrost ϑe;lim2 °C No
operation calculation
Limit for the exhaust air temperature after the ϑEHA;hr;lim °C No
heat recovery
Supply fan design pressure difference Δp SUP;des Pa No
Extract fan design pressure difference Δp ETA;des Pa No
Pressure drop of the heat recovery device in the Δp SUP+ETA;des;hr Pa No
supply and extract air stream at design
conditions
Controlled portion of the design supply pressure fΔp;SUP;ctrl — No
difference
Controlled portion of the design extract pressure fΔp;ETA;ctrl — No
difference
a Practical range, informative.
b For instance EPB module or (e.g. product) standard or “local” (type, geometry).
c “Varying”: value may vary over time: different values per time interval, for instance: hourly values or monthly values (not
constant values over the year).
26
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Default data, where appropriate, are given in Annex B. Other data shall be defined in accordance with
the template given in Annex A.
6.3.3.2 Control
The control options are defined by:

— AIR_FLOW_CTRL: Control of the volume flow rate, see Table 18.
Table 18 — Identifiers for AIR_FLOW_CTRL

Identifier Meaning
NO_CTRL no flow rate control, continuous operation
ON/OFF_CTRL time dependent flow rate control, continuous operation during occupancy time
MULTI_STAGE multi stage variable flow rate control
VARIABLE continuously variable flow rate control
— SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL: Control of the supply air temperature, see Table 19.
Table 19 — Identifiers for SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL

Identifier Meaning
NO_CTRL no supply temperature control
CONST constant supply air temperature
ODA_COMP Variable set point with outdoor temperature compensation
LOAD_COMP Variable set point with load dependent compensation
NOTE 1 The Identifier SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL is also used in the M5–5 standard EN 16798–7.
— GND_PREH_CTRL: Control of the ground preheating/-cooling, see Table 20.
Table 20 — Identifiers for GND_PREH_CTRL

Code Meaning
NO_CTRL No control of the ground preheating/-cooling (contiuous operation)
BYPASS Bypass to adjust the supply air temperature
NOTE 2 This option applies only if there is a ground preheating/-cooling according to Annex C.
— RCA_CTRL: Control of the air recirculation, see Table 21.
Table 21 — Identifiers for RCA_CTRL

Code Meaning
FIX Fixed proportion of recirculation air
VARIABLE Variable proportion of recirculation air
— HEAT_REC_CTRL: Control of the heat recovery device, depending on the heat recovery type,
see Table 22.
27
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 22 — Heat recovery control options

HEAT_REC_TYPE Identifier Meaning
NO_CTRL no heat recovery control, supply temperature is taken as it comes
PLATE from the heat recovery
BYPASS Heat exchanger is bypassed
ROT_NH
ROT_HYG SPEED Control by changing the rotation speed
ROT_SORP
HYDR Hydraulic control with bypass valve
PUMP_CIRC
SPEED Control by changing the pump speed
— DEFR_CTRL: control of the frost protection, see Table 23.
Table 23 — Identifiers for DEFR_CTRL

Identifier Meaning
DIRECT Defrosting is controlled directly by measurement of the pressure drop.
INDIRECT Frost is prevented by controlling the leaving temperature from the heat recovery device.
— FAN_CTRL: Control of the fan, see Table 24.
Table 24 — Identifiers for FAN_CTRL

SYS_TYPE Identifier Meaning
SINGLE_ZONE
No control; the fan reacts on the variable flow rate according to its
or NO_CTRL
characteristics
MULTI_ZONE
SINGLE_ZONE CONST_PRES v The fan is controlled to achieve a constant pressure difference
or between a specific point in the distribution system and the
MULTI_ZONE surrounding
MULTI_ZONE MIN_PRES The fan is controlled to the minimum pressure difference necessary
in the system
SINGLE_ZONE DIRECT The fan is controlled directly according to the variable flow rate
28
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— HUM_CTRL: control of the humidifier, see Table 25.
Table 25 — Humidifier control strategies

Identifier Meaning
NO_CTRL Uncontrolled or valve
controlled
ON_OFF On/off
SPEED Pump speed control
Default data are given in Annex B.
6.3.4 Operating conditions
Required operating conditions data for this calculation procedure are listed in Table 26.
29
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 26 — Operating conditions data list

Validity
Varying
Name Symbol Unit interval Origin b c
a
Calculation interval tci h 0 — 8760 M1–9 No

External temperature of the calculation interval ϑe °C − 50 — 50 M1–13 Yes
External air moisture content of the calculation kg/kg dry
xe 0 —∞ M1–13 Yes
interval air
Temperature of the thermal zone where the duct or − 50 —
ϑIDA;zt °C M2–2 Yes
ahu losses go to +50
− 50 —
Temperature of the unconditioned duct surrounding ϑsur;nc °C M2–2 Yes
+50
Moisture content of the unconditioned duct kg/kg dry
xsur;nc 0 —∞ M2–2 Yes
surrounding air
AHU heating coil input QH;ahu;in kWh 0 —∞ M3–1 Yes
AHU cooling coil output QC;ahu;out kWh 0 —∞ M4–1 Yes
AHU cooling coil inlet temperature ϑC;ahu;in °C 0 — 25 M4–1 Yes
Operation requirement signal fop;V — 0 —1 M5–5 Yes
Required supply air volume flow rate per ventilation
q V;SUP;dis;zv;req;i m 3 /h 0 —∞ M5–5 Yes
zone i
Required return air volume flow rate per ventilation
q V;ETA;dis;zv;req;i m 3 /h - ∞ —0 M5–5 Yes
zone i
Required supply outdoor air volume flow rate per
q V;ODA;zv;req;i m 3 /h 0 —∞ M5–5 Yes
ventilation zone i
Required ventilation zone supply air temperature ϑSUP;req;zv °C 0 —∞ M5–5 Yes
Required ventilation zone minimum supply air kg/kg dry
xSUP;zt;min;req 0 —∞ M6–2 Yes
moisture content air
Required ventilation zone maximum supply air kg/kg dry
xSUP;zt;max;req 0 —∞ M7–2 Yes
moisture content air
Ventilation zone return air temperature ϑETA;zv °C 0 — +50 M5–5 Yes
kg/kg dry M6–2,
Thermal zone return air moisture content xETA;zv 0 — 100 Yes
air M7–2
Total air volume flow partial load factor (total over all fpl — 0 —1 Local Yes
zones)
Partial load diversity (over all zones) ΔfV — 0 —1 Local Yes
Operation factor of the control devices fop;ctrl — 0 —1 Local Yes
a Practical range, informative
b For instance EPB module or (e.g. product) standard or “local” (type, geometry)
c “Varying”: value may vary over time: different values per time interval, for instance: hourly values or monthly values (not
constant values over the year)
6.3.5 Constants and physical data
Constants and physical data are listed in Table 27.
30
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table 27 — Constants and physical data

Name Symbol Unit Value
Atmosperic pressure patm Pa 101 325
Air density at sea level, dry air and 20°C ρ a;ref kg/m 3 1,204 a
Specific heat of the air at constant pressure ca kWh/(kg K) 0,000 279
Evaporation heat of the water rw kWh/kg 0,680
4.255
a  0, 006 51 ⋅ halt 
The air density shall be adjusted for altitude h alt above sea level as follows: ρ a = ρ a ; ref  1 −  .
 293 
6.3.6 Input data from Annex A (Annex B)
Annex A contains the normative template for choices in references, methods and input data.
Informative default choices in references, methods and input data are given in Annex B, in line with the
template of Annex A.
All these choices and input data are indispensable for the application of this standard.
6.4 Calculation procedure
6.4.1 Applicable time intervals
This procedure has been designed and tested for an hourly calculation interval.
It can be used with bins. In this case, bins for the relevant operational and boundary condition
parameters are formed and the number of hours in each bin calculated. The energy calculation is
performed for each bin with the formulae for the hourly calculation interval, using a calculation interval
tci equal to the number of hours per bin. In the case of a combination with a monthly calculation interval
for the energy needs calculation, the bins shall be defined for each month.
6.4.2 Distribution calculation
6.4.2.1 Operating conditions calculation
6.4.2.1.1 Volume flow rates
6.4.2.1.1.1 Detailed calculation
For this calculation, the supply and extract volume flow rates to and from the specific ventilation zones
are required inputs from the emission calculation (module 5-5). If they are not available, the simplified
calculation according to 6.4.2.1.1.2 is applied.
The required volume flow rates to be provided by the air handling unit to the distribution duct system
are:
qV;SUP;dis;in;req = ∑ (flea;du;SUP ⋅ qV;SUP;dis;zv;req;i ) (4a)
i
qV;ETA;dis ;out;req = - ∑ (flea;du;ETA ⋅ qV;ETA;dis;zv;req;i ) (5a)

i
where
qV;SUP;dis;zv;req;i m 3 /h is the required volume flow rate for the ventilation zone i;
31
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
qV;ETA;dis;zv;req;i m 3 /h is the required volume flow rate for the ventilation zone i;
NOTE 1 The M5–5 standard treats extract air as negative values.
The supply volume flow rate going to a specific ventilation zone i served by the system is:
qV ; SUP ;dis ; zv ;req ;i
qV ; SUP ;dis ; zv ;i = qV ; SUP ;dis ;in ⋅ (6)
qV ; SUP ;dis ;in ;req
The volume flow rate extracted from a specific ventilation zone i served by the system is:
qV ; ETA ;dis ; zv ;req ;i
qV ; ETA ;dis ; zv ;i = −qV ; ETA ;dis ;out ⋅ (7)
qV ; ETA ;dis ;out ;req
The supply leakage volume flow rate going to the specific zone i is:
qV;lea;SUP;dis;z;i = (flea;du;z −1) · qV;SUP;dis;z;i (8)
The extract leakage volume flow rate extracted from the specific zone i is:
qV;lea;ETA;dis;z;i = (flea;du;z −1) · qV;ETA;dis;z;i (9)
NOTE 2 In Formula (8) and Formula (9), the zone z can be a ventilation zone zv or a thermal zone zt;
see CEN/TR 16798-6 (the accompanying technical report) for explanations.
The leakage volume flow rate going to the non-conditioned space is:
q V;lea;dis;nc = (flea;du;nc −1) · qV;SUP;dis;in (10)
The maximum part load factor of the zone air volume flow rates is:
 qV ; SUP ;dis ; zv ;i 
fV ;max = max   (11a)
i  qV ; SUP ; dis ; zv ;max; des ; i 
where
qV;SUP;dis;zv;max;des;i m 3 /h is the maximum design volume flow rate for the ventilation zone i
6.4.2.1.1.2 Simplified calculation
For this calculation, instead of the individual supply and extract volume flow rates to and from the
specific thermal zones, only the part load factor and the diversity of the flow rates for the current
calculation interval are required inputs.
The required volume flow rates to be provided by the air handling unit to the distribution duct system
are:
qV;SUP;dis;in;req = fpl · qV;SUP;ahu;nom (4b)
qV;ETA;dis;out;req = fpl · qV;ETA;ahu;nom (5b)
where
qV;SUP/ETA;ahu;nom m 3 /h is the design supply and extract volume flow rates of the system
32
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The maximum part load factor of the zone air volume flow rates is:
fV;max = fpl + ΔfV (11b)
where
fpl - is the total air volume flow partial load factor (total over all zones, input)
ΔfV - is the volume flow rate diversity at the current calculation interval (input)
6.4.2.1.2 Air temperature and humidity change in the ductwork
The required and the real supply air temperature are modified in the duct as follows:
ϑ SUP ; dis ; in ; req = ϑ SUP ; req ; zv + ∑ ∆ϑ SUP ;du;nc , j + ∑ ∆ϑ SUP ;du ,k; zt ,i (12)
j i ,k
ϑ SUP ; dis ; out = ϑ SUP ; dis ; in − ∑ ∆ϑ SUP ;du;nc , j − ∑ ∆ϑ SUP ;du ,k ; zt ,i (13)
j i ,k
where
ϑSUP;req;zv °C required air temperature at the outlet of the duct
ϑSUP;dis;in °C air temperature at the inlet of the duct
The temperature drop due to the heat losses of section j of supply duct to the non-conditioned space is
calculated as:
 H du ; SUP ; nc , j 
−
 ( ρ c ) a . qV ; SUP ; dis ; in 
∆ ϑ SUP ; du ;nc , j = (ϑ SUP ;du ;in , j − ϑ sur ;nc )  1 − e  (14)
 
 
where
ϑsur;nc °C is the air temperature in the non-conditioned surrounding of the duct.
This may be outdoor air or room air of the spaces transferred by the duct
ϑSUP;du;in,j °C is the air temperature of the duct section j considered for this calculation.
For required temperature calculations (Formula (12)) this is generally
the temperature at the entrance of the following duct section; if the duct
sequence is the last in the system, it is equal to ϑSUP;dis;out;req. For the actual
temperature calculation (Formula (13)), it is generally the temperature
at the exit of the preceding duct sequence; if the duct sequence is the first
in the system, it is equal to ϑSUP;dis;in
Hdu;SUP;nc,j kW/K is the heat transfer coefficient of the supply air duct section j to the non-
conditioned surrounding
qv,SUP,dis,in m 3 /h is the air volume flow rate at the supply air duct inlet
ρa kg/m 3 is the density of the air
ca kWh/(kg K) is the specific heat of the air
The temperature drop due to the heat losses of the supply duct section k to a specific conditioned zone i
is calculated as:
33
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
 H du ; SUP , k ; zt ; i 
−
 ( ρ c ) a . qV ; SUP ; dis ; in 
∆ ϑ SUP ; du , k ; zt ,i = (ϑ SUP ; du ; in , k − ϑ IDA ; zt ; i )  1 − e  (15)
 
 
where
Hdu;SUP;zt;i kW/K is the heat transfer coefficient of the supply air duct section k to a specific
conditioned thermal zone
ϑIDA,zt;i °C is the indoor air temperature of the thermal zone i
The supply air humidity content remains unchanged:
xSUP,dis,out = xSUP,dis,in (16)
xSUP,dis,in;req = xSUP,dis,out;req (17)
where
xSUP,dis,in kg/kg dry air is the air moisture content at the inlet of the duct
xSUP,dis,out;req kg/kg dry air
is the required air moisture content at the outlet of the duct; if the
duct sequence considered in this calculation is the last in the system,
it is equal to xSUP;req;zt
The extract air temperature is modified in the duct as follows:
1 f −1
ϑ ETA ;dis ;out = ⋅ ϑ ETA ; zv + lea ; du ⋅ϑ + ∆ϑ du ; ETA (18)
flea ;du flea ;du sur ;nc
where
ϑETA,zv °C is the extract air temperature at the inlet of the duct
The temperature difference due to the extract duct heat losses to the non-conditioned space is
calculated by:
 H du ; ETA ; nc 
−
 ( ρ c ) a . qV ; ETA ; dis ; out 
∆ ϑ du ; ETA = (ϑ ETA ; zv − ϑ sur ; nc )  1 − e  (19)
 
 
where
Hdu;ETA;nc kW/K is the heat transfer coefficient of the extract air duct to the non-conditioned
surrounding
qV;ETA;dis;out m 3 /h is the air volume flow rate at the extract air duct outlet
34
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The extract air humidity content is modified in the duct as follows:

xETA,dis,out = xETA;zv + ( f ;
lea du
− 1 ) ⋅ xsur;nc (20)
where
xETA,zv kg/kg of dry air is the extract air moisture content at the inlet of the duct
xsur;nc °C is the air moisture content in the non-conditioned surrounding of the
duct. This may be outdoor air or room air of the spaces transferred by
the duct
6.4.2.2 Energy calculation
6.4.2.2.1 Distribution heat losses
The heat losses of the ductwork are:

  
QV ; ls ;dis = ρ a ⋅ c a ⋅  qV ; SUP ;dis ;in ⋅  ∆ϑ SUP ;du ;nc + ∑ ∆ϑ SUP ;du ; zt ;i  + qV ; ETA ;dis ;out ⋅ ∆ϑ ETA ;du
  i 
(21)

∑ ( ) ( )
+ qV ; SUP ; lea ; du ; zv ; j ⋅ ϑ SUP ;dis ;in − ϑ IDA ; zv ; j + qV ; lea ; dis ; nc ⋅ ϑ SUP ; dis ; in − ϑ sur ;nc  ⋅ t ci

j 
6.4.2.2.2 Recoverable distribution heat losses
The recoverable heat losses of the ductwork to a specific thermal zone i are:
QV;ls;dis;rbl;zt;i = [qV;SUP;zt;i ⋅ ρ a ⋅ ca ⋅ ΔϑSUP;du;cnd + qV,SUP,lea,du;zt;i ⋅ ρ a ⋅ ca ⋅ (ϑSUP,dis,in - ϑIDA;zt;i)] ⋅ tci (22)
where
qV,SUP,zt;i m 3 /h is the air volume flow rate crossing the thermal zone i
qV,SUP,lea,du;zt;i m 3 /h is the leakage air volume flow rate going to the thermal zone i
NOTE Recoverable heat losses are recoverable in a thermal zone. Therefore the term is used here. For the
distinction between the ventilation zone and thermal zone see EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Clause 10. See also
CEN/TR 16798–6 (the accompanying Technical Report) for explanation and possible simplifications.
6.4.3 Generation calculation

6.4.3.1 General
Figure 1 shows the air treatment stages and the associated air type subscripts (in accordance with M5-
1, prEN 16798-3) used in 6.4.3.
35
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Key
Treatment stage Air type Subscript
A frost protection / ground 1 outdoor air ODA
preheating/-cooling
B exhaust air fan 2 preheated outdoor air ODA;preh
C heat recovery 3 supply air after heat recovery SUP;hr
D recirculation 4 supply air after recirculation a SUP;RCA
E cooling / dehumidification 5 supply air after cooling/dehumidification SUP;C
F humidification 6 supply air after humidification SUP;hu
G heating 7 supply air after heating SUP;rh
H supply fan 8 supply air entering the distribution system SUP;dis;in
9 extract air leaving the distribution system ETA;dis;out
10 extract air entering the heat recovery / ETA;hr;in
recirculation
11 extract air after heat recovery ETA;hr;out
12 exhaust air EHA
a A preheating coil after the heat recovery / recirculation mixing would be necessary in the case of adiabatic
humidification. This is not represented here. The associated heating energy is taken into account in the
(re)heating coil.
Figure 1 — Air treatment stages and air type subscripts
6.4.3.2 Operating conditions calculation

6.4.3.2.1 Air flow rates in the air handling unit
The volume air flow rate supplied to the distribution system is calculated as follows:
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = NO_CTRL (no flow rate control, continuous operation)
q V;SUP;dis;in = q V;SUP;ahu;nom (23a)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = ON/OFF_CTRL (time dependent flow rate control, continuous operation

during occupancy time)
q V;SUP;dis;in = fop;V ⋅ q V;SUP;ahu;nom (23b)
36
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = MULIT_STAGE (multi stage variable flow rate control)
if qV;SUP;dis;in;req < q V;SUP;ahu;st1 : qV;SUP;dis;in = fop;V · qV;SUP;ahu;st1

else if q V;SUP;dis;in;req < q V;SUP;ahu;st2 : qV;SUP;dis;in = fop;V · qV;SUP;ahu;st2
…
else: qV;SUP;dis;in = fop;V · qV;SUP;ahu;stn (23c)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = VARIABLE (continuously variable flow rate control)
qV;SUP;dis;in = fop;V · max(fq;min · qV;SUP;ahu;nom ; qV;SUP;dis;in;req) (23d)
where
qV;SUP;ahu;nom m 3 /h is the nominal supply volume flow rate of the air handling unit
fop;V - is the ventilation system operation signal
qV;SUP;ahu;st1..stn m 3 /h is the supply volume flow rate of the air handling unit at stage 1.. n st
qV;SUP;ahu;stn is usually qV;SUP;ahu;nom
n st - is the number of stages
fq;min - is the minimum volume flow rate ratio
The volume air flow rate extracted from the distribution system is calculated as follows:
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = NO_CTRL
qV;ETA;dis;out = qV;ETA;ahu;nom (24a)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = ON/OFF_CTRL
qV;ETA;dis;out = fop;V ⋅ qV;ETA;ahu;nom (24b)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = MULIT_STAGE (multi stage variable flow rate control)
if qV;ETA;dis;out;req < q V;ETA;ahu;st1 : qV;ETA;dis;out = fop;V · qV;ETA;ahu;st1

else if qV;ETA;dis;out;req < q V;ETA;ahu;st2 : qV;ETA;dis;out = fop;V · qV;ETA;ahu;st2
…
else: qV;ETA;dis;out = fop;V · q V;ETA;ahu;stn (24c)
— If AIR_FLOW_CTRL = VARIABLE
qV;ETA;dis;out = fop;V · max(fq;min · qV;ETA;ahu;nom ; qV;ETA;dis;out;req) (24d)
where
qV;ETA;ahu;nom m 3 /h is the nominal extract volume flow rate of the air handling unit
qV;ETA;ahu;st1..stn m 3 /h is the extract volume flow rate of the air handling unit at stage 1..n
qV;ETA;ahu;stn is usually qV;ETA;ahu;nom
37
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The air volume flow rates transported by the supply and exhaust fans in the air handling unit are
calculated as:
q v;SUP;ahu = flea;ahu;SUP ⋅ [(1 – fODA;min) + fODA;min ⋅ flea;hr;SUP] ⋅ q v;SUP;dis;in (25)
q v;ETA;ahu = fea;ahu;ETA ⋅ [(1 – fODA;min) + fODA;min ⋅ flea;hr;ETA] ⋅ q v;ETA;dis;out

l (26)
where
flea;hr;SUP - is the correction factor of the heat recovery system leakage for the supply volume
flow rate;
- is the correction factor of the heat recovery system leakage for the extract volume
flea;hr;ETA
flow rate.
The correction factors depend on the arrangement of the components (especially the fans) in the AHU.
Default values are given in Annex B, Table B.4.
The leakage air volume flow rates from and to the air handling unit are calculated as:
q v;lea;ahu;SUP = (flea;ahu;SUP −1) ⋅ q v;SUP;dis;in (27)
q v;lea;ahu;ETA = (fea;ahu;ETA - 1) ⋅ q v;ETA;dis;out

l (28)
6.4.3.2.2 Supply temperature control
The required supply air temperature is determined as follows:

— If SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = CONST (constant supply air temperature)
ϑSUP;ahu;req = ϑSUP;set - Δϑfan;SUP (29a)
— If SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = ODA_COMP (Variable set point with outdoor temperature compensation)
ϑSUP;ahu;req = min[ϑ UP;set;max ; max(ϑSUP;set;min ; fe + ϑe + Δϑoff)] - Δϑ an;SUP

S ; f (29b)
— If SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = LOAD_COMP (Variable set point with load dependent compensation)
ϑSUP;ahu;req = ϑSUP,dis,in;req - Δϑfan;SUP (29c)
where
ϑSUP;hr °C is the supply air temperature after the heat recovery
ϑSUP;set °C is the supply air temperature setpoint (input)
ϑSUP;set;max °C is the maximum supply air temperature setpoint for ODA_COMP control option
(input)
ϑSUP;set;min °C is the minimum supply air temperature setpoint for ODA_COMP control option
(input)
fe - is the slope factor for ODA_COMP control option (input)
Δϑoff °C is the temperature offset for ODA_COMP control option (input)
6.4.3.2.3 Temperature rise in the fan
The air temperature is increased by the fan by:

— For balanced residential ventilation systems tested according to EN 13141-7 or EN 13141-8:
38
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Δϑfan;SUP/ETA = 0 (30a)
— else
∆p fan ; SUP / ETA . f fan ; rd

∆ϑ fan ; SUP / ETA = (30b)
ρ a ⋅ c a ⋅ η fan ; SUP / ETA × 3, 6 × 10 6
where
Δpfan;SUP / ETA Pa is the supply/extract fan pressure difference, calculated according to
Formulae (74) and (75)
η fan;SUP / ETA - is the supply/extract fan efficiency
ffan;rd is the recovered ratio of the fan power. Values shall be defined in dependence
-
of the FAN_MOT_LOC identifier according to the template given in Table A.12;
Default values are given in Table B.12.
The air temperature entering the recirculation and heat recovery is:
— If ETA_FAN_LOC = UP_HR
ϑETA:hr;in = ϑETA;dis;out + Δϑfan;ETA (31a)
— else
ϑETA:hr;in = ϑETA;dis;out (31b)

6.4.3.2.4 Ground air preheating and -cooling
The air temperature after the ground preheating is:

— If SUP_FAN_LOC = UP_HR
If GND_PREH_CTRL = NO_CTRL or SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL
ϑODA;preh = ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du + Δϑfan;SUP (32a)
else if ϑSUP;ahu;req > ϑe
ϑODA;preh = min(ϑSUP;ahu;req ; ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du + Δϑfan;SUP) (32b)
else
ϑODA;preh = max(ϑSUP;ahu;req ; ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du + Δϑfan;SUP) (32c)
— else
If GND_PREH_CTRL = NO_CTRL or SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL
ϑODA;preh = ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du (32d)
else if ϑSUP;ahu;req > ϑe
ϑODA;preh = min(ϑSUP;ahu;req ; ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du) (32e)
else
39
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
ϑODA;preh = max(ϑSUP;ahu;req ; ϑe + Δϑgnd + ΔϑODA;du) (32f)
where
Δϑgnd K is the temperature difference from ground preheating, if present, according to
Annex C
ΔϑODA;du Kis the temperature difference due to heat losses in the ODA air duct, if this is passing
conditioned and/or unconditioned zones. It is calculated in analogy to the
supply/extract air heat losses in 6.4.2.1.2
The air moisture content after the ground preheating is:
xODA;preh = xe + Δxgnd + ΔxODA;du (33)
where
Δxgnd K is the difference of moisture content from ground preheating, in present, according
to Annex C
ΔxODA;du K is the difference of moisture content due to leakage in the ODA air duct, if this is
passing conditioned and/or unconditioned zones. It is calculated in analogy to the
extract air losses in 6.4.2.1.2
6.4.3.2.5 Recirculation
Recirculation is only considered if located inside the heat recovery (downstream in the supply air) or
without heat recovery. If located outside (upstream in the supply air), it is considered to serve for frost
protection and is treated in 6.4.3.2.8.
The required supply temperature after the heat recovery is:
— If RCA_CTRL = FIX
ϑ SUP ;ahu ; req − ( 1 − fODA ;min ) ⋅ ϑ ETA ; hr ;in

ϑ SUP ; hr ;req = (34a)
fODA ;min
— else if SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL
ϑSUP;hr;req = [1 - (1 – η hr) ⋅ fODA;min] ⋅ ϑETA;hr:in + fODA;min ⋅ (1 – η hr) ⋅ ϑODA;preh (34b)
— else if ϑODA;preh < ϑETA;hr:in and ϑODA;preh < ϑSUP;ahu;req
ϑSUP;hr;req = min{ϑSUP;ahu;req ; [1 - (1 – η hr) ⋅ fODA;min] ⋅ ϑETA;hr:in + fODA;min ⋅ (1 – η hr) ⋅ ϑODA;preh} (34c)
— else if ϑODA;preh > ϑETA;hr:in and ϑODA;preh > ϑSUP;ahu;req
ϑSUP;hr;req = max{ϑSUP;ahu;req ; [1 - (1 – η hr) ⋅ fODA;min] ⋅ ϑETA;hr:in + fODA;min ⋅ (1 – η hr) ⋅ ϑODA;preh} (34d)
— else
ϑSUP;hr;req = ϑODA;preh (34e)
The minimum outdoor air fraction is:

— If RCA_CTRL = VARIABLE
40
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
  qV ;ODA ; zv ; req ; i 
fODA ;min = min  fODA ; hr ; max  
 
(35a)
 i  qV ; SUP ; dis ; zv ; i 
— else if RCA_CTRL = FIX

fODA ;min = min  fODA ; hr ;

 ∑ qV ;ODA; zv;req ;des;i   (35b)



 qV ; SUP ;ahu ;nom 

— else
fODA;min = fODA;hr (35c)
where
qV;ODA;zv;req;i m 3 /h is the required outdoor air volume flow rate of zone i at the current
calculation interval (input from M5–5)
qV;ODA;zv;req;des;i m 3 /h is the required outdoor air volume flow rate of zone i at design conditions
fODA;hr -
is the outdoor air fraction after the heat recovery device, caused by
leakage. Values depend on the arrangement of the components in the AHU,
especially the fans. Default values are given in Annex B, Table B.5.
The supply temperature after the recirculation is:
— If HEAT_REC_CTRL = NO_CTRL or SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL:
ϑSUP;RCA = (1 – fODA;min ) ⋅ ϑETA;hr:in + fODA;min ϑSUP;hr

⋅ (36a)
— else
ϑSUP;RCA = ϑSUP;hr;req (36b)
The supply moisture content after the recirculation is:

xSUP;RCA = (1 – fODA xETA;dis;out + fODA xSUP;hr
) ⋅ ⋅ (37)
where the outdoor air factor of the current calculation interval is:
— if ϑSUP;hr = ϑETA;hr:in
fODA = fODA;hr (38a)
— else
  ϑ − ⋅ϑ ETA ; hr ; in 
fODA = max  fODA ;min ; min  fODA ; hr ; SUP ; RCA   (38b)
 ϑ SUP ; hr − ϑ ETA ; hr ; in
   
6.4.3.2.6 Heat recovery
The calculation procedure covers the most frequent types of heat recovery devices. The choice and the
associated control options are given in Tables 5 and 17, default values are given in Table B.15.
The supply air temperature after the heat recovery is:
— If HEAT_REC_CTRL = NO_CTRL (no heat recovery control)
41
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
ϑSUP;hr = ϑODA;preh + η hr (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑODA;preh) (39a)
— else if ϑODA;preh < ϑETA;hr:in and ϑODA;preh < ϑSUP;ahu;req
ϑSUP;hr = min[ϑSUP;hr;lim ; ϑODA;preh + η hr (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑODA;fp )] (39b)
— else if ϑODA;preh > ϑETA;hr:in and ϑODA;preh > ϑSUP;ahu;fp
ϑSUP;hr = max[ϑSUP;hr;req ; ϑODA;preh + η hr (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑODA;fp)] (39c)
— else
ϑSUP;hr = ϑODA;fp (39d)
ϑODA;fp is calculated according to Formula (47). The control may be used for the limitation of the supply
temperature in case of mechanical ventilative cooling.
The temperature ratio (defined according to EN 13053) is calculated as:
η hr = η hr;nom ⋅ fq fv fn
⋅ ⋅ (40)
where
η hr,nom - is the nominal temperature efficiency;
fn - is the correction factor for the rotation number for rotary heat exchangers.
The correction factor for the mass flow ratio other than 1 is:
0.4
q −q 
fq =  V ;ETA ;ahu V ; SUP ;ahu + 1  (41)
 qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ;min 
The correction factor for the air velocity is:

fv = C1 (vhr;eff – vhr;nom) + C2 (42)
where
C1 s/m is a coefficient, depending on the heat recovery type;
C2 - is a constant, depending on heat recovery type;
vhr;nom m/s is the air velocity at nominal conditions (for η hr,nom ).
Values shall be given according to the template in Table A.6; default values are given in Table B.6.
The air velocity at the calculation interval is calculated as:
v hr ;des ⋅ qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ;min
v hr ;eff = (43)
qV;SUP;hr;nom
where
vhr;des m/s is the maximum design air velocity
qV;SUP;hr;nom
m 3 /h is the air volume flow rate at design conditions
The moisture content of the supply air after the heat recovery is:
xSUP;hr = xODA;preh + η xr (xETA;hr;in - xODA;preh) (44)
42
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The calculation of the humidity recovery efficiency for heat exchangers is:
— If HEAT_REC_TYPE = ROT_SORP or ROT_NH or ROT_HYG
η xr = η xr;nom ⋅ fΔx;x ⋅ fq;x ⋅ fv;x ⋅ fn;x (45a)
— else if HEAT_REC_TYPE = OTHER
η xr = η xr;nom ⋅ fxr;other (45b)
— else
η xr = 0 (45c)
where
η xr;nom - is the nominal moisture recovery efficiency at 2 m/s
fΔx;x - is the correction factor for the condensation potential, defined by a function given in
a national annex according to the template given in Table A.7; a default function is
given in Table B.7
fq;x - is the correction factor for the mass flow relation other than 1; defined by a function
given in a national annex according to the template given in Table A.7; a default
function is given in Table B.7
fv;x - is the correction factor for the air velocity, defined by a function given in a national
annex according to the template given in Table A.7; a default function is given in
Table B.7
fn;x - is the correction factor for the rotation number, defined by a function given in a
national annex according to the template given in Table A.7; a default function is
given in Table B.7
fxr;other - is the correction factor for other type of heat recovery, defined by a function given in
a national annex according to the template given in Table A.7
6.4.3.2.7 Frost protection
The effect of frost protection is calculated as follows:

— If DEFR_CTRL = DIRECT
if ϑe < ϑe;lim1 : η hr = εD;-15
else if ϑe < ϑe;lim2 : η hr = εD;-7
else: η hr = η hr (46)
ϑODA;fp = ϑODA;preh (47a)
ϑSUP;hr;lim = ϑSUP;hr;req (48a)
The resulting effect is considered by corrected efficiency values. These shall be provided according to
EN 13053.
— If DEFR_CTRL = INDIRECT:
if DEFR_TYPE = PREH:
43
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
∆ϑ ETA ; hr ⋅ qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ;min

ϑ ODA ; fp = ϑ SUP ; hr ; req − (47b)
(
qV ; ETA ;ahu − qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ 1 − fODA ;min )
ϑSUP;hr;lim = ϑSUP;hr;req (48b)
else:
ϑODA;fp = ϑODA;preh (47c)
∆ϑ ETA ; hr ⋅ qV ; SUP ; ahu ⋅ fODA ;min

ϑ SUP ; hr ;lim = ϑ ODA ; preh + (48c)
(
qV ; ETA ;ahu − qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ 1 − fODA ;min )
ΔϑETA;hr = max(0; ϑETA;hr;in - ϑEHA;hr;lim) (49)
where
ϑe;lim1 °C is the outdoor air temperature limit 1
ϑe;lim2 °C is the outdoor air temperature limit 2
εD;-15 - is the heat recovery efficiency reduced due to defrost operation at ϑe = −15°C,
εD;-7 - is the heat recovery efficiency reduced due to defrost operation at ϑe = −7°C,
ϑEHA;hr;lim°C is the l for the exhaust air temperature after the heat recovery
Values shall be defined according to the template in Table A.14; default values are given in Table B.14.
6.4.3.2.8 Adiabatic cooling
At the presence of an adiabatic cooling (adiabatic humidifier in the extract air and heat recovery on
operation), the recirculation is off (fODA;min = fODA;hr) and the recirculation supply temperature is:
ϑSUP;RCA = min(ϑSUP;ahu;req; ϑSUP;hr) (50)
The properties of the supply air after the heat recovery ϑSUP;hr and xSUP;hr are calculated according to
Formulae (39a) and (44), at full operation of the heat recovery, with the air properties on the ETA side
as follows:
The extract air temperature entering the heat recovery is:
— in case of adiabatic cooling:
ϑ −ϑ 
ϑ ETA ; hr ;in = max  SUP ; dis ; in ; req ODA ; preh + ϑ ODA ; preh ; ϑ ETA ; dis ; out − η hu ;ac (ϑ ETA ;dis ;out − ϑ wb ; ETA ;dis ;out ) 
 η hr 
(51a)
44
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— without adiabatic cooling:
ϑETA;hr;in = ϑETA;dis;out (51b)
where
η hu;ac - is the efficiency of the adiabatic cooling humidifier
ϑwb;ETA;dis;out °C is the extract air distribution leaving wetbulb temperature; this is calculated
through psychrometric calculation methods, e.g. according to [5] , which
involves iteration
The extract air moisture content entering the heat recovery is:
— in case of adiabatic cooling
x ETA ; hr ; in = x ETA ; dis ; out +

( x wb;ETA ;dis ;out − x ETA ;dis ;out )(ϑ ETA;dis;out − ϑ ETA ;hr ;in ) (52a)
ϑ ETA ;dis ;out − ϑ wb ; ETA ;dis ;out
— without adiabatic cooling
xETA;hr;in = xETA;dis;out (52b)
where
xwb;ETA;dis;out kg/kg dry is the saturation moisture content at extract air distribution leaving
air wetbulb temperature, calculated according to Formulae (51)a) and (52a)
with ϑwb;ETA;dis;out.
6.4.3.2.9 Final supply air conditions
6.4.3.2.9.1 General
The supply air temperature and moisture content delivered to the distribution system are calculated
through the air treatment steps, with the intermediate temperatures and moisture contents, as follows
in the next subclauses of 6.4.3.2.9.
6.4.3.2.9.2 Cooling and dehumidification
The required supply air temperature after the cooling coil in the current calculation interval is:
— If SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL
ϑSUP;C;req = ϑSUP;RCA (53a)
— else
ϑSUP;C;req = min(ϑSUP;DHU;req; ϑSUP;ahu;req; ϑSUP;RCA) (53b)
ϑSUP;DHU;req is calculated according to Formula (70). The required supply air moisture content after the
cooling coil is:
xSUP;C;req = min(xSUP;dis;in;max;req; xSUP;RCA - ΔxC ) (54)
where
xSUP;dis;in;max;req kg/kg dry air is the maximum required moisture content of the supply air
45
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The difference in moisture content due to uncontrolled dehumidification in the cooling coil is:
ΔxC = max[0; (xSUP;RCA - xC;coil;req) ⋅ (1 - fC;bp)] (55)
The required cooling coil surface moisture content is:

CC 2
CC1 −
ϑ C ; coil ; req +CC 3
x C ; coil ; req =e (56)
where
CC;1 to CC;3
are constants for the calculation of the cooling coil moisture content; values shall be
defined according to the template given in Table A.8; default values are given in
Table B.8
The required coil surface temperature for cooling is:
ϑ SUP ;C ; req − fC ; bp ⋅ ϑ SUP ; RCA
ϑ C ; coil ; req = (57)
1 − fC ; bp
where
fC;bp - is the cooling coil bypass factor; values shall be given according to the template in
Table A.8; a default value is given in Table B.8
The required coil surface moisture content for dehumidification is:
x SUP ; dis ; in ;max; req − fC ; bp ⋅ x SUP ; RCA
x DHU ; coil = (58)
1 − fC ; bp
The required coil surface temperature for dehumidification is:

C C2
ϑ DHU ;coil ; req = − C C3 (59)
C C1 (
− ln x DHU ; coil )
The resulting supply temperature in case of dehumidification is:
— If xSUP;zt;max;req < xSUP;RCA
ϑSUP;DHU;req = fC;bp ⋅ ϑSUP;RCA + (1 - fC;bp) ⋅ ϑDHU;coil;req (60a)
— else
ϑSUP;DHU;req = ϑSUP;RCA (60b)
The required inlet temperature to the cooling coil in the current calculation interval is:
ϑ SUP ;C ;req − ϑ SUP ; RCA ( 1 − η coil ;C )
ϑ C ;ahu ; in ; req = (61)
η coil ;C
where
η coil;C - is the cooling coil temperature efficiency
The required energy to be extracted by the cooling coil in the current calculation interval, QC;ahu;out;req, is
calculated with Formula (80).
46
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The actual supply air temperature after the cooling coil in the current calculation interval is:
Q C ;ahu ;out r
ϑ SUP ;C = ϑ SUP ; RCA − − w
qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ ρ a ⋅ c a c a ( x SUP ;C − x SUP ;RCA ) (62)
where
QC;ahu;out kWh is the heat extracted from cooling coil (input from M4–1)
The actual supply air moisture content after the cooling coil in the current calculation interval is:
 CC1 − CC 2  
 
x SUP ;C = min   fC ; bp ⋅ x SUP ; RCA + 1 − fC ; bp ⋅ e ϑ C ; coil +CC3
( ) 
 ; x SUP ; RCA  (63)
  
 
The actual cooling coil temperature at the current calculation interval is:
η coil ; c (ϑ C ; ahu ; in − ϑ SUP ; RCA )
ϑ C ; coil = + ϑ SUP ; RCA (64)
1 − fC ; bp
where
ϑC;ahu;in °C is the actual cooling coil inlet temperature (water or refrigerant, input from M4–1)
6.4.3.2.9.3 Humidification
The supply air moisture content after the humidifier is:

xSUP;HU = max[xSUP;dis;in;min;req; xSUP;C ] (65)
where
xSUP;dis;in;min;req
kg/kg dry air is the minimum required moisture content of the supply air
The change in supply air temperature in the humidifier is:
— If HUM_TYPE = STEAM:
ΔϑSUP;HU = 0 (66a)
— else:
 r 
∆ϑ SUP ; HU = max  0; w ( x SUP ; HU − x SUP ;C )  (66b)
 ca 
6.4.3.2.9.4 Heating
The required supply air temperature after the heating coil in the current calculation interval is:
— If SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL = NO_CTRL
ϑSUP;H;req = ϑSUP;C;req (67a)
— else
ϑSUP;H;req = max (ϑSUP;ahu;req; ϑSUP;C;req) (67b)
47
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The required inlet temperature to the heating coil in the current calculation interval is:
ϑ SUP ; H ; req − ϑ SUP ;C ( 1 − η coil ; H )
ϑ H ; ahu ; in ; req = (68)
η coil ; H
where
η coil;H - is the heating coil temperature efficiency
The actual supply air temperature after the heating coil in the current calculation interval is:
Q H ;ahu ;in
ϑ SUP ; H = ϑ SUP ;C + − ∆ϑ SUP ; HU (69)
qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ ρ a ⋅ c a
where
QH;ahu;in kWh is the heat input to the heating coil in the current calculation interval (input from
M3–1)
6.4.3.2.9.5 Fan
The supply air temperature after the supply fan is the final supply temperature delivered to the
distribution system:
ϑSUP;dis;in = ϑSUP;H + Δϑfan;SUP (70)
xSUP;dis;in = xSUP;HU (71)

6.4.3.3 Energy calculation
6.4.3.3.1 Fan
The fan energy consumption for the current calculation interval is the energy consumption for
ventilation and is calculated as:
 qV ; SUP ; ahu q  t ci
EV ; gen ;in ;el = ( Pel ; fan ; SUP + Pel ; fan ; ETA ) ⋅ t ci =  ⋅ ∆p fan ; SUP + V ; ETA ; ahu ⋅ ∆p fan ; ETA  ⋅
 3.6 ⋅ 10 6
 η fan ; SUP η fan ; ETA 
(72)
The efficiency of the supply/extract fan at the current calculation interval is:
η fan;SUP/ETA = η fan;SUP/ETA;nom ⋅ fη (q V) (73)
where
η fan;SUP/ETA;nom - is the nominal efficiency of the supply/extract fan, taken from
manufacturer's data, provided according to EN ISO 5801
fη (q V) -
is a function for the dependence of the efficiency of the supply/extract fan
on the volume flow rate, derived from manufacturer's data, provided
according to EN ISO 5801
In the absence of available data, default characteristic functions shall be defined on a national basis.
The supply and extract fan pressure differences are:
— If SYS_TYPE = SINGLE_ZONE
If FAN_CTRL = NO_CTRL
48
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Δp fan;SUP = Δp fan;SUP;nom ⋅ fΔp (qV) (74a)
Δpfan;ETA = Δp fan;ETA;nom ⋅ fΔp (qV) (75a)
else if FAN_CTRL = DIRECT
2
 q V ; SUP ; ahu 
∆p fan ; SUP = ∆p SUP ,des  (74b)
 q V ; SUP ; ahu ;nom 
 
2
 q V ; ETA ; ahu 
∆p fan ; ETA = ∆p ETA ; des   (75b)
 qV , ETA ; ahu ; nom
 
— If SYS_TYPE = MULTI_ZONE
If FAN_CTRL = NO_CTRL
Δp fan;SUP = Δp fan;SUP;nom ⋅ fΔp(q V) (74c)
Δp fan;ETA = Δp fan;ETA;nom ⋅ fΔp(qV) (75c)
else if FAN_CTRL = CONST_PRES
  q
2
 
∆p fan ; SUP = ∆p SUP ,des  1 −( )
f∆p ; SUP ;ctrl  V ; SUP ;ahu  + f∆p ; SUP ;ctrl  (74d)
 qV ; SUP ;ahu ;nom

  
  q 
2 
∆p fan ; ETA = ∆p ETA ,des  1 −( )
f∆p ; ETA ;ctrl  V ; ETA ;ahu  + f∆p ; ETA ;ctrl  (75d)
 qV ; ETA ;ahu ;nom

  
else if FAN_CTRL = MIN_PRES
  q 
2 
∆p fan ; SUP = ∆p SUP ,des  1 −( )
f∆p ; SUP ;ctrl  V ; SUP ;ahu  + f∆p ; SUP ;ctrl ⋅ fV ;max 2
(74e)
 qV ; SUP ;ahu ;nom
 
  
  q 
2 
∆p fan ; ETA = ∆p ETA ,des  1 −( )
f∆p ; ETA ;ctrl  V ; ETA ;ahu  + f∆p ; ETA ;ctrl ⋅ fV ;max 2  (75e)
 q V ; ETA ;ahu ;nom

  
where
Δp SUP/ETA;des Pa is the supply/extract fan design pressure difference
Δp fan;SUP/ETA;n Pa is the nominal pressure difference over the fan, taken from manufacturer's
om data according to EN ISO 5801
fΔp(qV) - is a function for the dependence of the Pressure difference over the supply/
extract fan on the volume flow rate, derived from manufacturer's data,
49
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
fΔp;SUP/ETA;ctrl -
is the controlled portion of the total supply/return design pressure
difference
In the absence available of data, default characteristic values and functions shall be defined on a
national basis.
The maximum part load factor of the zone air volume flow rates fV;max is calculated according to
Formula (11).
6.4.3.3.2 Ground preheating and -cooling
The energy transferred by the ground preheating, if present, in the current calculation interval is:
Qgnd = ρ a ⋅ ca ⋅ qv;SUP;ahu ⋅ fODA ⋅ (ϑODA,preh – ϑe) ⋅ tci (76)
6.4.3.3.3 Heat recovery
The energy transferred by the heat recovery in the current calculation interval is:
 rw 
Q hr = ρ a ⋅ c a ⋅ qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ⋅  (ϑ SUP ; hr − ϑ ODA ; preh ) + ( x SUP ; hr − x ODA ; preh )  ⋅ t ci (77)
 c p ;a 
The required energy supplied by the heating coil without heat recovery in the current calculation
interval is:
QH;ahu;in;tot;req = max[0 ; ρ a ⋅ c a ⋅ qv;SUP;ahu ⋅ (ϑSUP;H;req + ΔϑSUP;HU – ϑe) ⋅ tci ] (78)
6.4.3.3.4 Recirculation
The energy transferred by the recirculation, if present, in the current calculation interval is:
QRCA = ρa ⋅ ca ⋅ qv;ETA;ahu ⋅ (1 - fODA) ⋅ (ϑETA;hr;in – ϑe) ⋅ tci (79)
6.4.3.3.5 Cooling and dehumidification
The required energy to be extracted by the cooling coil in the current calculation interval is:
Q C ;ahu ;out ;req = qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅  ρ a c a (ϑ SUP ; RCA − ϑ SUP ;C ;req ) + ρ a rw ( x SUP ; RCA − x SUP ;C ;req )  ⋅ t ci (80)
The required energy to be extracted for dehumidification in the current calculation interval is:
 ρ c  min ϑ
 a a
Q DHU ;ahu ;out ;req = qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ 
( ) 
SUP ; RCA ; ϑ SUP ; ahu ; req − ϑ SUP ;C ; req  
 ⋅ t ci (81)

 (
+ ρ a rw x SUP ; RCA − ∆x C − x SUP ;C ; req 
 )
6.4.3.3.6 Humidification
The energy supplied for humidification in the current calculation interval is:
— If HUM_TYPE = STEAM
E HU ; gen ;in ;cr = qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ ρ a rw ⋅ ( x SUP ; HU − x SUP ;C ) ⋅ t ci (82a)
— else:
EHU;gen;in;cr = 0 (82b)
50
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The energy carrier GEN_CRHU;gen for EHU;gen;in;cr (see Table 8) shall be indicated and reported together
with the value.
The water use for humidification in the current calculation interval is:
m w ; HU = qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ ρ a ⋅ ( x SUP ; HU − x SUP ;C ) ⋅ t ci (83)
NOTE This is not needed for energy performance calculation, but is calculated for the purpose of quality
assurance.
6.4.3.3.7 Heating
The required energy supplied by the heating coil in the current calculation interval is:
QH;ahu;in;req = ρac a · qv;SUP;ahu · (ϑSUP;H;req + ΔϑSUP;HU – ϑ SUP,C ) · tci (84)
6.4.3.3.8 Generation heat losses
The heat losses of the air handling units are:

— If AHU_LOC = COND
QV;ls;gen = [(A · U) ahu;SUP (ϑSUP;hr - ϑIDA;zt) + (A · U) ahu;ETA (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑIDA;zt)

+ qV;lea;ahu;SUP ρaca (ϑSUP;hr - ϑIDA;zt)] · tci (85a)
— else:
QV;ls;gen = [(A · U) ahu;SUP (ϑSUP;hr - ϑsur;nc) + (A · U) ahu;ETA (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑsur;nc)

+ qV;lea;ahu;SUP ρaca (ϑSUP;hr - ϑsur;nc) + qV;lea;ahu;ETA ρ aca (ϑETA;hr;in - ϑsur;nc)] · tci (85b)
where
A ahu;SUP m2 is the supply air handling unit surface area
Uahu;SUP kW/m 2 K is the supply air handling unit heat loss coefficient
A ahu;ETA m2 is the extract air handling unit surface area
Uahu;ETA kW/m 2 K is the extract air handling unit heat loss coefficient
Values for the heat loss coefficients depending on classes according to EN 1886 shall be defined
according to the template given in Table A.8; default values are given in Table B.8.
6.4.3.3.9 Recoverable generation heat losses
The recoverable heat losses of the air handling units are:

— If AHU_LOC = COND
QV;ls;gen;rbl = QV;ls;gen (86a)
— else:
QV;ls;gen;rbl = 0 (86b)
51
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
6.4.3.3.10 Auxiliary energy

6.4.3.3.10.1 Ventilation
The auxiliary energy required ventilation system at the current calculation interval is:
WV;aux = WV;aux;hr + WV;preh + WV;aux;ctrl (87)
The auxiliary energy required by the heat recovery system at the current calculation interval is:
— If HEAT_REC_TYPE = ROT_NH or ROT_HYG or ROT_SORP
n rot
WV ;aux ; hr = Phr ;rot ;max ⋅ t ci (88a)
n rot ;max
— else if HEAT_REC_TYPE = PUMP_CIRC
2.5
 
WV ;aux ; hr = qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ⋅ p el ; hr ; pu ;max ⋅ t ci ⋅  max  fpl ; hr ;min ; Q hr

 (88b)
 t ci ⋅ Φ hr ;max  
 
— else
WV;aux;hr = 0 (88c)
where
n rot,max min − 1 is the maximum rotation speed
Phr;rot;max kW is the maximum rotor drive power at max. rotation speed
pel;hr;pu;max kWh/m 3 is the relative pump energy consumption per transported volume at
maximum speed
Φhr;max kW is the maximum heat transfer power of the heat recovery
fpl;hr;min- is the minimum part load factor of the heat recovery
Values shall be defined according to the template given in Table A.6; default values are given in
Table B.6.
The portion of the fan energy consumption for the pressure drop of the heat recovery in current
calculation interval is:
EV ; gen ;in ;el ⋅ ∆p SUP + ETA ;des ; hr
EV ; gen ;in ;el ; hr = (89)
∆p SUP ; des + ∆p ETA ; des
where
ΔpSUP+ETA;des;hr Pa
is the supply plus extract design pressure difference of the heat recovery
device at design conditions
The energy supplied for frost protection in the current calculation interval is:
— if DEFR_TYPE = PREH
WV;preh = [ρ a ⋅ ca ⋅ qv;SUP;ahu ⋅ fODA ⋅ (ϑODA,fp – ϑe)] ⋅ tci (90a)
52
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— else
WV;preh = 0 (90b)
The auxiliary energy consumption of the control components at the current calculation interval is:
WV;aux;ctrl = Σ Pel;V;ctrl fop;ctrl tci
⋅ ⋅ (91)
where
Σ Pel,V;ctrl kW is the electric power consumption of the control devices (sensors, actuators,
controllers)
fop;ctrl - is the operation factor of the control devices
6.4.3.3.10.2 Humidification
The power consumption of the humidification pump at the current calculation interval is:
— If HUM_TYPE = STEAM:
WHU;aux = 0 (92a)
— else
WHU;aux = qV;SUP;HU;des pel;HU,des fpl;HU tci

⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (92b)
where
qV;SUP;HU;des m 3 /h is the design air volume flow rate of the humidified system
pel,HU,des Wh/m 3 is the specific energy consumption of the humidification pump per volume
flow rate
The part load factor is calculated in dependence of the control of the pump. The dependence between
the control and the humidifier type shall be defined according to the template given in Table A.10, with
a default given in Table B.10.
Uncontrolled operation or valve control:
— If HUM_CTRL = NO_CTRL:
fpl;HU =1 (93a)
— else If HUM_CTRL = ON_OFF
qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ ρ a ⋅ ( x SUP ; HU − x SUP ;C )

fpl ; HU = (93b)
q m ;w ; HU ;des
— else If HUM_CTRL = SPEED
2,5
q ⋅ρ ⋅ x (
fpl ; HU =  V ; SUP ;ahu a SUP ; HU SUP ;C
−x )  (93c)
 q m ;w ; HU ;des 
where
qm;w;HU,des kg/h is the design water evaporation mass flow rate of the humidifier
53
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
7 Quality control
The report with the results of the application of the standard shall include which input and method
selection data sheet, in line with the template of Annex A, has been used.
The calculation report shall, besides the output values of Table 4 transferred to other modules, include
the values of the following data:
Specific fan power, defined in prEN 16798–3 SFP
Heat transferred by ground preheating/cooling Qgnd
Heat transferred by recirculation QRCA
Duct heat losses QV;ls;dis
Heat losses of the AHU QV;ls;gen
Water use for humidification m w;HU
All options chosen for the calculation.
8 Compliance check
Check whether all options chosen for the calculation correspond to the real system or adequately
represent the technical solutions.
54
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Annex A
(normative)
Input and method selection data sheet — Template
A.1 General
The template in Annex A to this standard shall be used to specify the choices between methods, the
required input data and references to other standards.
NOTE 1 Following this template is not enough to guarantee consistency of data.
NOTE 2 Informative default choices are provided in Annex B. Alternative values and choices can be imposed by
national / regional regulations. If the default values and choices of Annex B are not adopted because of the
national / regional regulations, policies or national traditions, it is expected that:
— national or regional authorities prepare data sheets containing the national or regional values and choices, in
line with the template in Annex A; or
— by default, the national standards body will add or include a national annex (Annex NA) to this standard, in
line with the template in Annex A, giving national or regional values and choices in accordance with their
legal documents.
NOTE 3 The template in Annex A is applicable to different applications (e.g. the design of a new building,
certification of a new building, renovation of an existing building and certification of an existing building) and for
different types of buildings (e.g. small or simple buildings and large or complex buildings). A distinction in values
and choices for different applications or building types could be made:
— by adding columns or rows (one for each application) , if the template allows;
— by including more than one version of a Table (one for each application) , numbered consecutively as a, b, c, …
For example: Table NA.3a, Table NA.3b.
— by developing different national / regional data sheets for the same standard. In case of a national annex to
the standard these will be consecutively numbered (Annex NA, Annex NB, Annex NC, …) .
NOTE 4 In the section “Introduction” of a national / regional data sheet information can be added, for example
about the applicable national / regional regulations.
NOTE 5 For certain input values to be acquired by the user, a data sheet following the template of Annex A,
could contain a reference to national procedures for assessing the needed input data. For instance, reference to a
national assessment protocol comprising decision trees, tables and pre-calculations.
The shaded fields in the tables are part of the template and consequently not open for input.
55
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
A.2 References
The references, identified by the module code number, are given in Table A.1.
Table A.1 —References
Reference Reference document
M1-9
M1-13
M2-2
M3-1
M4-1
M5-4
M5-5
M6-2
M7-2
A.3 Product description data

The product description data are given in Table A.2.
Table A.2 — Product description data
HEAT_REC_TYPE DEFR_TYPE HUM_TYPE
A.4 Product technical data

A.4.1 Duct tightness class
The duct tightness classes according to EN 12237 (circular ducts) and EN 1507 (rectangular ducts) are
given in Table A.3.
Table A.3 — Duct tightness class and leakage coefficient
Building type Duct tightness class
A.4.2 Air handling unit tightness class

The air handling unit tightness classes according to EN 1886 are given in Table A.4.
56
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table A.4 — Default AHU tightness class and leakage coefficients

Building type AHU tightness class
A.4.3 Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors

The heat recovery leakage factors for different heat recovery types and fan arrangements are given in
Table A.5.
Table A.5 — Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors
SUP_FAN_LOC ETA_FAN_LOC HEAT_REC_TYPE
Leakage factor PLATE ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP PUMP_CIRC
flea;hr;SUP
UP_HR UP_HR flea;hr;ETA
fODA;hr
flea;hr;SUP
UP_HR DOWN_HR flea;hr;ETA
fODA;hr
flea;hr;SUP
DOWN_HR UP_HR flea;hr;ETA
fODA;hr
flea;hr;SUP
DOWN_HR DOWN_HR flea;hr;ETA
fODA;hr
A.4.4 Nominal heat recovery temperature efficiency and constants for the velocity
dependence
The nominal temperature efficiencies and values for the constants C1 and C2 are given in Table A.6.
57
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table A.6 — Nominal temperature efficiencies and values for the constants
HEAT_REC_TYPE
Parameter Unit PLATE ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP PUMP_CIRC OTHER
cross flow counter flow
η hr;nom —
vhr;nom m/s
C1
C2
Φhr;max kW n/a n/a from design calculation or inspection n/a

n rot;max min− 1 n/a n/a n/a
Phr;rot;max kW n/a n/a n/a
p el;hr;pu;max kWh/m 3 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
fpl;hr;min — n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Δp SUP+ETA;des;hr Pa
A.4.5 Humidity recovery efficiency and constants for the calculation

The humidity recovery efficiencies and correction factors, depending on the heat recovery type, are
given in Table A.7.
Table A.7 — Humidity recovery efficiency and correction factors
HEAT_REC_TYPE
Parameter ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP OTHER
η xr;nom
fhr;n function to be defined n/a
fΔx;x function to be defined n/a
fq;x function to be defined n/a
fv;x function to be defined n/a
fn;x function to be defined n/a
fxr;other n/a function to be defined
A.4.6 Value for adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency

The default value for the adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency is η hu;ac = ….
A.4.7 Values for cooling and heating coil calculation
The values for the calculation of the cooling and heating coils are given in Table A.8.
58
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table A.8 — Cooling and heating coil calculation constants

Constant Value
CC;1
CC;2
CC;3
fC;bf
η coil;C
η coil;H
A.4.8 Air handling unit related values

The air handling unit related values are given in Table A.9.
Table A.9 — Air handling unit related values
Variable Unit Value
qV;SUP;ahu;nom m 3 /h
qV;ETA;ahu;nom m 3 /h
A ahu;SUP m2
W/(m 2
Uahu;SUP K)
A ahu;ETA m2
W/(m 2
Uahu;ETA K)
ΣPel;V;ctrl kW
A.4.9 Specific pump energy for humidification

The specific humidification pump energy power consumption for different humidifier types and control
strategies are given in Table A.10.
59
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table A.10 — Specific humidification pump energy power consumption for different humidifier
types and control strategies
HUM_TYPE HUM_CTRL Specific energy qm;w;HU,des
pel,HU,des kg/h
kWh/m3
CONTACT NO_CTRL
NO_CTRL
ROT_SPRAY ON_OFF
SPEED
HI_PRES SPEED
HYBRID ON_OFF
STEAM — — —
OTHER — — —
A.5 System design data

A.5.1 Qualitative process design data choices
The process design data choices are given in Table A.11.
Table A.11 — Process design data choices
SUP_FAN_LOC ETA_FAN_LOC FAN_MOT_LOC SYS_TYPE AHU_LOC
A.5.2 Fan motor heat recovery factors

The fan motor heat recovery factors, depending on the placement of the fan motor, are given in
Table A.12.
Table A.12 — Fan motor heat recovery factors
FAN_MOT_LOC ffan;rd
IN_AIR
OUTS_AIR
A.5.3 Quantitative process design data choices

The quantitative process design data are given in Table A.13.
60
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table A.13 — Quantitative process design data

Symbol unit Simple ventilation system Air conditioning system
Hdu;SUP;nc W/K
Hdu;SUP;zt W/K
Hdu;ETA;nc W/K
ϑSUP;set °C
vhr;des m/s
Δp SUP;des Pa
Δp ETA;des Pa
fΔp;SUP;ctrl —
fΔp;ETA;ctrl —
A.5.4 Limit values for the defrost control

The limit temperature values for frost protection, depending on the building use category, are given in
Table A.14.
Table A.14 — Temperature limit values for frost protection
DEFR_CTRL = DIRECT DEFR_CTRL = INDIRECT
Limit Value °C Building use category HEAT_REC_TYPE ϑ ETA;hr;lim , °C
A.5.5 Process control options

The process control options are given in Table A.15.
Table A.15 — Process control options
AIR_FLOW_CTRL SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL RCA_CTRL DEFR_CTRL FAN_CTRL HUM_CTRL
A.5.6 Heat recovery control options

The heat recovery control options, depending on the heat recovery type, are given in Table A.16.
Table A.16 — Heat recovery control options
HEAT_REC_TYPE Code
61
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Annex B
(informative)
Input and method selection data sheet — Default choices
B.1 General
The template in Annex A to this standard shall be used to specify the choices between methods, the
required input data and references to other standards.
NOTE 1 Following this template is not enough to guarantee consistency of data.
NOTE 2 Informative default choices are provided in Annex B. Alternative values and choices can be imposed by
national / regional regulations. If the default values and choices of Annex B are not adopted because of the
national / regional regulations, policies or national traditions, it is expected that:
— national or regional authorities prepare data sheets containing the national or regional values and choices, in
line with the template in Annex A; or
— by default, the national standards body will add or include a national annex (Annex NA) to this standard, in
line with the template in Annex A, giving national or regional values and choices in accordance with their
legal documents.
NOTE 3 The template in Annex A is applicable to different applications (e.g. the design of a new building,
certification of a new building, renovation of an existing building and certification of an existing building) and for
different types of buildings (e.g. small or simple buildings and large or complex buildings). A distinction in values
and choices for different applications or building types could be made:
— by adding columns or rows (one for each application), if the template allows;
— by including more than one version of a Table (one for each application) , numbered consecutively as a, b, c,…
For example: Table NA.3a, Table NA.3b;
— by developing different national / regional data sheets for the same standard. In case of a national annex to
the standard these will be consecutively numbered (Annex NA, Annex NB, Annex NC, …).
NOTE 4 In the section “Introduction” of a national / regional data sheet information can be added, for example
about the applicable national / regional regulations.
NOTE 5 For certain input values to be acquired by the user, a data sheet following the template of Annex A,
could contain a reference to national procedures for assessing the needed input data. For instance, reference to a
national assessment protocol comprising decision trees, tables and pre-calculations.
The shaded fields in the tables are part of the template and consequently not open for input.
B.2 References
The references, identified by the module code number, are given in Table B.1.
62
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.1 —References

Reference Reference document
M1-9
EN ISO 52000-1, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB
assessment — Part 1: General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1)
EN ISO 52010-1, Energy performance of buildings - External climatic conditions -
M1-13
Part 1: Conversion of climatic data for energy calculations (ISO 52010-1)
EN ISO 52016-1, Energy performance of buildings — Calculation of the energy
M2-2 needs for heating and cooling, internal temperatures and heating and cooling load
in a building or building zone — Part 1: Calculation procedures (ISO 52016-1)
EN 15316-1, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system
M3-1
energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 1: General
EN 16798-9, Energy performance of buildings — Part 9: Ventilation for
M4-1 buildings — Module M4-1 — Calculation methods for energy requirements
Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems — General
prEN 16798-3, Energy performance of buildings — Part 3: Ventilation for non-
M5-4 residential buildings — Performance requirements for ventilation and room-
conditioning systems
EN 16798-7, Energy performance of buildings — Part 7: Ventilation for buildings
M5-5 — Module M5-5 — Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in
buildings including infiltration
B.3 Product description data

The product description data are given in Table B.2.
Table B.2 — Product description data
HEAT_REC_TYPE DEFR_TYPE HUM_TYPE
PLATE BYPASS CONTACT
B.4 Product technical data

B.4.1 Duct tightness class
The duct tightness classes according to EN 12237 (circular ducts) and EN 1507 (rectangular ducts) are
given in Table B.3.
63
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.3 — Duct tightness class and leakage coefficient

Building type Duct tightness class
New B
Existing unknown
B.4.2 Air handling unit tightness class
The air handling unit tightness classes according to EN 1886 are given in Table B.4.
Table B.4 —AHU tightness class and leakage coefficients
Building type AHU tightness class
New L2
Existing L3
B.4.3 Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors
The heat recovery leakage factors for different heat recovery types and fan arrangements are given in
Table B.5.
Table B.5 — Heat recovery leakage and outdoor air factors
SUP_FAN_LOC ETA_FAN_LOC HEAT_REC_TYPE
Leakage factor PLATE ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP PUMP_CIRC
flea;hr;SUP 1,02 1,04 1,0
UP_HR UP_HR flea;hr;ETA 1,02 1,0 1,0
fODA;hr 1,02 1,0 1,0
flea;hr;SUP 1,02 1,10 1,0
UP_HR DOWN_HR flea;hr;ETA 1,02 1,10 1,0
fODA;hr 1,02 1,0 1,0
flea;hr;SUP 1,02 1,10 1,0
DOWN_HR UP_HR flea;hr;ETA 1,02 1,10 1,0
fODA;hr 1,02 0,909 1,0
flea;hr;SUP 1,02 1,02 1,0
DOWN_HR DOWN_HR flea;hr;ETA 1,02 1,0 1,0
fODA;hr 1,02 0,98 1,0
B.4.4 Nominal heat recovery temperature efficiency and constants for the velocity
dependence
The nominal temperature efficiencies and values for the constants C1 and C2 are given in Table B.6.
64
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.6 — Nominal temperature efficiencies and values for the constants
HEAT_REC_TYPE
Parameter Unit PLATE ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP PUMP_CIRC OTHER
cross flow counter flow
η hr;nom — 0,60 0,85 0,69 0,67 0,69 0,71
vhr;nom m/s 3,5
C1 − 0,0201 − 0,0201 − 0,0643 − 0,0684 − 0,0665 − 0,0491
C2 1,0
Φhr;max kW n/a n/a from design calculation or inspection n/a
n rot;max min− 1 n/a n/a 20 20 20 n/a
Phr;rot;max kW n/a n/a 0,12 0,12 0,12 n/a
p el;hr;pu;max kWh/m 3 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0,03
fpl;hr;min — n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0,5
Δp SUP+ETA;des;hr Pa 300 500 400 500
B.4.5 Humidity recovery efficiency and constants for the calculation

The humidity recovery efficiencies and correction factors, depending on the heat recovery type, are
given in Table B.7.
Table B.7 — Humidity recovery efficiency and correction factors
HEAT_REC_TYPE
Parameter ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP OTHER
η xr;nom 0,3 0,42 0,69 0
fhr;n Annex D 0
fΔx;x Annex D 0
fq;x Annex D 0
fv;x Annex D 0
fn;x Annex D 0
fxr;other n/a 0
B.4.6 Value for adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency

The value for adiabatic cooling humidifier efficiency is η hu;ac = 0,9.
B.4.7 Values for cooling and heating coil calculation
The values for the calculation of the cooling and heating coils are given in Table B.8.
65
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.8 — Cooling and heating coil calculation constants

Constant Value
CC;1 11,908 3
CC;2 4 110,34
CC;3 235
fC;bf 0,1
η coil;C 0,8
η coil;H 0,8
B.4.8 Air handling unit related default values

The air handling unit related default values are given in Table B.9.
Table B.9 — Air handling unit related default values
Variable Unit Value
q V;SUP;ahu;nom m 3 /h from design or inspection
qV;ETA;ahu;nom m 3 /h from design or inspection
Depending on size
A ahu;SUP m2
(q V;SUP;ahu;nom )
W/m 2
Uahu;SUP K
1,0
Depending on size
A ahu;ETA m2
(q V;ETA;ahu;nom )
W/m 2
Uahu;ETA K
1,0
ΣPel;V;ctrl kW 0,1
B.4.9 Specific pump energy for humidification

The specific humidification pump energy power consumption for different humidifier types and control
strategies are given in Table B.10.
66
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.10 — Specific humidification pump energy power consumption for different humidifier
types and control strategies
HUM_TYPE HUM_CTRL Specific energy pel,HU,des qm;w;HU,des
kWh/m3 kg/h
CONTACT NO_CTRL 0,01
NO_CTRL 0,20
ROT_SPRAY ON_OFF 0,20
from design or inspection
SPEED 0,20
HI_PRES SPEED 0,04
HYBRID ON_OFF 0,02
STEAM — — —
OTHER — — —
B.5 System design data

B.5.1 Qualitative process design data choices
The process design data choices are given in Table B.11.
Table B.11 — Process design data choices
SUP_FAN_LOC ETA_FAN_LOC FAN_MOT_LOC SYS_TYPE AHU_LOC
DOWN_HR DOWN_HR IN_AIR MULTI_ZONE NC
B.5.2 Fan motor heat recovery factors

The fan motor heat recovery factors, depending on the placement of the fan motor, are given in
Table B.12.
Table B.12 — Fan motor heat recovery factors
FAN_MOT_LOC ffan;rd
IN_AIR 1,0
OUTS_AIR 0,6
B.5.3 Quantitative process design data choices

The quantitative process design data are given in Table B.13.
67
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.13 — Quantitative process design data

Symbol Unit Simple ventilation system Air conditioning system
Hdu;SUP;nc W/K 0,5
Hdu;SUP;zt W/K 4
Hdu;ETA;nc W/K 0,5
ϑSUP;set °C 20
vhr;des m/s 2
Δp SUP;des Pa 500 1 100
Δp ETA;des Pa 300 700
fΔp;SUP;ctrl — 0,4 0,3
fΔp;ETA;ctrl — 0,67 0,5
B.5.4 Limit values for the defrost control

The limit temperature values for frost protection, depending on the building use category, are given in
Table B.14.
Table B.14 — Temperature limit values for frost protection
DEFR_CTRL = DIRECT DEFR_CTRL = INDIRECT
Limit Value °C Building use category HEAT_REC_TYPE ϑ ETA;hr;lim , °C
ϑe;lim1 − 10 Residential PLATE 5

ϑe;lim2 = ϑEHA;hr;lim ; default −5 Residential ROT_HYG 0
Non residential PLATE 0
Non residential ROT_HYG −5
Non residential ROT_NH − 10
Non residential ROT_SORBT −5
Non residential PUMP_CIRC 5
B.5.5 Control options

The control options are given in Table B.15.
Table B.15 — Process control options
AIR_FLOW_CTRL SUP_AIR_TEMP_CTRL RCA_CTRL DEFR_CTRL FAN_CTRL HUM_CTRL
ON/OFF_CTRL CONST FIX DIRECT NO_CTRL ON_OFF
B.5.6 Heat recovery control options

The heat recovery control options, depending on the heat recovery type, are given in Table B.16.
68
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Table B.16 — Heat recovery control options

HEAT_REC_TYPE Code
PLATE BYPASS
ROT_NH
ROT_HYG SPEED
ROT_SORP
PUMP_CIRC HYDR
69
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Annex C
(normative)
Calculation method for ground preheating and -cooling
C.1 Calculation
C.1.1 Temperature difference
The temperature difference by preheating or –cooling in the ground is:
  U du ⋅ A s  
 −  
e  qV ; SUP ρ a c a  

(
∆ϑ gnd = ϑ gnd − ϑ e  1 −

) 
(C.1)
 
where
AS m2 the inner surface of the ground heat exchanger

The temperature of the ground is calculated as:
 t 
ϑ gnd = ϑ e ; mn ; an + ( ϑ e ;max; m − ϑ e ; mn ; an ) ⋅ e −ξ ⋅ cos  2π ⋅ an − ξ − ft  (C.2)
 8760 
where
ϑe:mn;an °C is the annual mean outdoor air temperature

ϑe:max;m °C is the maximum monthly mean outdoor air temperature
tan h is the annual hour (with tan = 0 h at the beginning of the year)
The factor which takes the ground material and the depth in the ground into account is:
π ⋅ ρ gnd ⋅ c gnd
ξ = z⋅ (C.3)
λ gnd ⋅ 8760 ⋅ 3600
where
ρ gnd kg/m 3 is the density of the ground material; default values see Table C.2
cgnd J/(kg K) is the specific heat of the ground material; default values see
Table C.2
λgnd W/(m K) is the conductivity of the ground material; default values see
Table C.2
z m is the depth in the ground
70
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The time shift factor to correct the time position of the minimal ground temperature factor is:
 2 ⋅ t an ;min 
ft =π  +1 (C.4)
 8760 
where
tan;min h is the time of the year when the monthly mean outdoor air temperature is minimal
(depends on regional climate conditions); default values see Table C.1
The heat transfer coefficient of the ground heat exchanger is:
−1
 do 
 1 1 1 
U du = ⋅ ⋅ ln 2 +  (C.5)
 2π λ du di hi 

 2 
where
λdu W/m K conductivity of the duct

di m inner diameter of the duct
do m outer diameter of the duct
The inside surface coefficient h i is calculated as:
 ϑm  ϑ m   v 0,75
2
h i =  4, 13 + 0, 23 ⋅ − 0, 0077 ⋅   ⋅ (C.6)
 100  100   d i 0 ,25
where
ϑm °C is the average air temperature in the duct; to avoid iteration, this can be simplified by
setting ϑm = ϑe
v m/s is the velocity of the air in the duct
C.1.2 Moisture difference
The moisture difference by preheating or –cooling in the ground is:
∆x gnd = x ODA ; gnd − x e (C.7)
The moisture content of the outdoor air leaving the ground heat exchanger is:
 p p ;ODA ; gnd 
x ODA ; gnd = min  x e ; 0, 622 ⋅  (C.8)
 p atm − p p ;ODA ; gnd 
 
where the partial pressure of the outdoor air leaving the ground heat exchanger is:
p ODA ; gnd ; sat ⋅ ϕ ODA ; gnd ;max
p p ;ODA ; gnd = (C.9)
100
where
φODA;gnd;max % is the maximum relative humidity of the air leaving the ground heat exchanger
(input); it can be assumed to be 100 %
71
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
The saturation pressure of the air leaving the ground heat exchanger is:
17 ,62(ϑ e +∆ϑ gnd )
243 ,12 + (ϑ e +∆ϑ gnd )
p ODA ; gnd ; sat = 611, 2 ⋅ e (C.10)
C.1.3 Pressure losses of the heat exchanger

The pressure losses are calculated as for any other duct, depending on material properties, size and
velocity.
C.2 Data
Table C.1 — Time of minimum outdoor air temperature and time shift factor
Time of the year
with the monthly
mean minimum Time shift factor
Month of mean minimum outdoor air outdoor air ft
temperature temperature
tan;min
h —
January 350 1,08 * π
February 1 100 1,25 * π
March 1 800 1,41 * π
November 7 650 2,75 * π
December 8 400 2,92 * π
Table C.2 — Values for soil materials

Ground material Conductivity Density Capacity
λgnd ρ gnd cgnd
W/(mK) kg/m3 J/(kgK)

Moist soil 1,5 1 400 1 400
Dry sand 0,7 1 500 920
Moist sand 1,88 1 500 1 200
Moist clay 1,45 1 800 1 340
Wet clay 2,9 1 800 1 590
72
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Annex D
(informative)
Calculation method for rotary heat exchangers
D.1 Calculation
D.1.1 Heat recovery
The correction factor for the rotation number for rotary heat exchangers is:
e1
 n rot 
fn = C3 − C 4  + C5  (D.1)
 n rot ;max 
 
where
n rot min− 1 is the rotation number of the rotor
n rot;max min− 1 is the maximum rotation number of the rotor
C3 to C5 are constants
e1 - as an exponent
The temperature efficiency necessary to reach the supply air set point temperature is:
— if ϑODA;preh = ϑETA;hr:in
η hr;req = 0 (D.2a)
— else
ϑ SUP ; hr − ϑ ODA ; preh

η hr ; req = (D.2b)
ϑ ETA ; hr ; in − ϑ ODA ; preh
For rotary heat exchangers, HEAT_REC_CTRL = SPEED and the rotation number in case of controlled
heat recovery is calculated as:
 1 
  fn ; req − C3  e1 
n rot = n rot ;max ⋅ min  1 ;  −  − C5  (D.3)
  C4  
 
where
η hr ; req
fn ; req = (D.4)
η hr ; nom ⋅ fq ⋅ fv
D.1.2 Moisture recovery

D.1.2.1 Correction factor for the condensation potential
The correction factor for the condensation potential is:
73
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
— If HEAT_REC_TYPE = ROT_SORP or ROT_NH
fΔx;x = max[0 ; C6⋅ (xETA;hr;in – xe:sat) + C7] (D.5a)
— If HEAT_REC_TYPE = ROT_HYG
If (xe – xe;sat) > 0: fΔx;x = C6⋅ (xETA;hr;in – xe:sat) + C7 (D.5b)
If (xe – xe;sat) <= 0: fΔx;x = max[0 ; C8⋅ (xETA;hr;in – xe:sat) + C7 ] (D.5c)
where
C6 to C8 are constants, depending on heat recovery type
The saturation moisture content of the outdoor air xe;sat is calculated as:
p e ; sat
x e ; sat = 0, 622 ⋅ (D.6)
p atm − p e ; sat
where the saturation pressure p e;sat is:
17,62ϑ e
243,12 +ϑ e
p e ; sat = 611, 2 ⋅ e (D.7)
D.1.2.2 Correction factor for the mass flow relation other than 1
The correction factor for the mass flow relation other than 1 is:
 qV ; ETA ; ahu − q V ; SUP ; ahu 
fq ; x = 1 − C 9  +1 (D.8)
 qV ; SUP ;ahu ⋅ fODA ;min 

where
C9 -
ia a constant, depending on the heat recovery type
D.1.2.3 Correction factor for the air velocity
The correction factor for the air velocity is:

fv;x = C10 (vhr;eff – vhr;nom) + C11 (D.9)
where
C10, C11
are constants, depending on the heat recovery type
D.1.2.4 Correction factor for the rotation number
The correction factor for the rotation number is:
fn ; x = max  0; C12 − C13 ( n rot + C14 ) e2  (D.10)

 
where
C12 to C14 are constants
e2 - is an exponent
74
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
D.2 Data
The values for the constants, depending on the heat recovery type, are given in Table D.1.
Table D.1 — Constants for the calculation
HEAT_REC_TYPE
Parameter ROT_NH ROT_HYG ROT_SORP
C3 1,018 2
C4 0,035 2
C5 0,276
e1 − 2,7
C6 248 129 16,4
C7 − 0,240 0,357 0,918
C8 — 23,8 —
Δxe;nom 0,005 kg/kg dry air
C9 0,1 0,1 0,1
C10 − 0,200 − 0,152 − 0,098
C11 1,0
C12 1,053 3
C13 80 000
C14 15
e2 –4
75
BS EN 16798-5-1:2017
EN 16798-5-1:2017 (E)
Bibliography
[1] CEN/TR 16798-6, Energy performance of buildings — Part 6: Ventilation for buildings — Modules
M5-6, M5-8, M 6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8 — Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation
and air conditioning systems — Technical report — Interpretation of the requirements in
EN 16798-5-1 and EN 16798-5-2
[2] EN 16798-5-2, Energy performance of buildings — Modules M5-6, M5-8 — Ventilation for
buildings — Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation systems — Part 5-2:
Distribution and generation (revision of EN 15241) — method 2
[3] EN 16798-7, Energy performance of buildings — Part 7: Ventilation for buildings — Module M5-
5 — Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration
[4] CEN/TS 16628, Energy Performance of Buildings — Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards
[5] CEN/TS 16629, Energy Performance of Buildings — Detailed Technical Rules for the set of EPB-
standards
[6] EN 15316-1, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements
and system efficiencies — Part 1: General
[7] EN 16798-9, Energy performance of buildings — Part 9: Ventilation for buildings — Module M4-
1 — Calculation methods for energy requirements Calculation methods for energy requirements of
cooling systems — General
[8] CEN ISO/TR 52000-2, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 2:
Explanation and justification of ISO 52000-1 (ISO 52000-2)
[9] EN ISO 52010-1, Energy performance of buildings — External climatic conditions — Part 1:
Conversion of climatic data for energy calculations (ISO 52010-1)
[10] EN ISO 52016-1, Energy performance of buildings — Calculation of the energy needs for heating
and cooling, internal temperatures and heating and cooling load in a building or building zone —
Part 1: Calculation procedures (ISO 52016-1)
[11] ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals. SI Edition, F01. Psychrometrics, 2013
76
This page deliberately left blank
NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
British Standards Institution (BSI)

BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other
standards-related publications, information and services.
BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardization
products are published by BSI Standards Limited.
About us Reproducing extracts

We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators For permission to reproduce content from BSI publications contact the BSI
and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards Copyright & Licensing team.
-based solutions.
The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in Subscriptions
a dependable format and ref ned through our open consultation process. Our range of subscription services are designed to make using standards
Organizations of all sizes and across all sectors choose standards to help easier for you. For further information on our subscription products go to
them achieve their goals. bsigroup.com/subscriptions.
With British Standards Online (BSOL) you’ll have instant access to over 55,000
Information on standards British and adopted European and international standards from your desktop.
We can provide you with the knowledge that your organization needs It’s available 24/7 and is refreshed daily so you’ll always be up to date.
to succeed. Find out more about British Standards by visiting our website at You can keep in touch with standards developments and receive substantial
bsigroup.com/standards or contacting our Customer Services team or discounts on the purchase price of standards, both in single copy and subscription
Knowledge Centre. format, by becoming a BSI Subscribing Member.
Buying standards PLUS is an updating service exclusive to BSI Subscribing Members. You will
automatically receive the latest hard copy of your standards when they’re
You can buy and download PDF versions of BSI publications, including British revised or replaced.
and adopted European and international standards, through our website at
To f nd out more about becoming a BSI Subscribing Member and the bene f ts
bsigroup.com/shop, where hard copies can also be purchased.
of membership, please visit bsigroup.com/shop.
If you need international and foreign standards from other Standards Development
With a Multi-User Network Licence (MUNL) you are able to host standards
Organizations, hard copies can be ordered from our Customer Services team.
publications on your intranet. Licences can cover as few or as many users as you
Copyright in BSI publications wish. With updates supplied as soon as they’re available, you can be sure your
documentation is current. For further information, email subscriptions@bsigroup.com.
All the content in BSI publications, including British Standards, is the property
of and copyrighted by BSI or some person or entity that owns copyright in the
information used (such as the international standardization bodies) and has
Revisions
Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision.
formally licensed such information to BSI for commercial publication and use.
We continually improve the quality of our products and services to benef t your
Save for the provisions below, you may not transfer, share or disseminate any
business. If you f nd an inaccuracy or ambiguity within a British Standard or other
portion of the standard to any other person. You may not adapt, distribute,
BSI publication please inform the Knowledge Centre.
commercially exploit, or publicly display the standard or any portion thereof in any
manner whatsoever without BSI’s prior written consent.
Useful Contacts
Storing and using standards Customer Services
Standards purchased in soft copy format: Tel: +44 345 086 9001
• A British Standard purchased in soft copy format is licensed to a sole named
Email (orders): orders@bsigroup. com
user for personal or internal company use only. Email (enquiries): cservices@bsigroup. com
• The standard may be stored on more than 1 device provided that it is accessible Subscriptions
by the sole named user only and that only 1 copy is accessed at any one time. Tel: +44 345 086 9001
• A single paper copy may be printed for personal or internal company use only. Email: subscriptions@bsigroup. com
Standards purchased in hard copy format: Knowledge Centre
• A British Standard purchased in hard copy format is for personal or internal Tel: +44 20 8996 7004
company use only. Email: knowledgecentre@bsigroup.com
• It may not be further reproduced – in any format – to create an additional copy.
This includes scanning of the document.
Copyright & Licensing
Tel: +44 20 8996 7070
If you need more than 1 copy of the document, or if you wish to share the Email: copyright@bsigroup. com
document on an internal network, you can save money by choosing a subscription
product (see ‘Subscriptions’). BSI Group Headquarters
389 Chiswick H igh Road London W4 4AL UK

BS en 16798-5-1-2017

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

BS en 16798-5-1-2017

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BS EN 16798-5-1:2017

BSI Standards Publication

Energy performance of buildings

Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 16798-5-1

ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.30 Supersedes EN 15241:2007

Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 February 2017.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

A.5.1 Qualitative process design data choices ............................................................................................... 60

This document supersedes EN 15241:2007.

EPBD EN Recast EPBD EN

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

EPBD EN Recast EPBD EN

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

EPBD EN Recast EPBD EN

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings

— the regulators will specify the choices;

b) inspection of ventilation and air conditioning systems; and

c) installation and commissioning of ventilation and air conditioning systems.

The revision includes changes:

— for the consideration of recirculation, including control;

— for the calculation of adiabatic cooling;

— the consideration of ISO/TC 205 work performed in the meantime.

Building automation &

Building automation &

a The shaded modules are not applicable.

EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings — Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols

prEN 16798-3:2014, Energy performance of buildings — Part 3: Ventilation for non-residential

EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1:

[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1]

4 Symbols and subscripts

Table 2 — Symbols and units

5 Brief description of the method

according to the application of the standard and interval of the input.

— the ventilation generation input (electric energy required by fans);

— the humidification generation input;

— the humidification auxiliary energy.

Table 4 — Output data of this method

a Practical range, informative.

fODA is the fraction of outdoor air in the supply air;

6.3.2 Product data

The product description data of ventilation systems is given by:

Table 5 — Identifiers for heat recovery type

Table 6 — Identifiers for frost protection type

Table 7 — Identifiers for humidifier type