Biology 1 Tutorial

Topic 2 Enzymes

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Centre for Pre-University Studies

Foundation in Science
BIOLOGY 1
TUTORIAL
TOPIC 2: Enzymes

Student Name :
Student ID :
Cohort :
___________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This tutorial questions consists of TWO (2) sections. Answer ALL questions.
2. Students are advised to complete the tutorial questions without refers any notes.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) – 10 marks

1. An enzyme that facilitates a chemical reaction is known as a biocatalyst. What does a

biocatalyst do to the reaction in terms of free energy to encourage it to proceed?
O
A. Catalysts increase the rate of the reaction by reducing the free energy of the
transition state, which lowers the activation energy.
B. Catalysts increase the amount of energy contributed to the reaction through heat
from the reaction environment, thus increasing the rate of the reaction.
C. Catalysts induce a global increase of entropy to the product state of the reaction,
making it more favourable and thus occurring at a faster rate.
D. Catalysts increase the rate of reaction by decreasing the free energy of the
transition state, which increases the activation energy.

2. Which of the following describes CORRECTLY regarding how can enzymes speed up
the reaction rates?
A. They decrease the stability of the transition state.
O
B. They lower the activation energy needed in the reaction.
C. They decrease the internal energy of the final product.
D. They decrease the reverse reaction rate and increase the forward reaction rate.

3. Which of the following factors causes denaturation of enzyme?

I. pH -
II. Temperature -
III. Competitive inhibitors (does not cause the denaturation of the enzyme
protein)
O
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II and III
Prepared by:
Adam CYS
Lecturer
Biology 1 Tutorial
Topic 2 Enzymes

4. What of the following is CORRECT about the induced-fit model?

A. An inhibitor changes the shape of the active site.
B. The substrate shape exactly fits the active site.
&
C. The enzyme shape is changed slightly to fit the substrate.
D. The inhibitor binds to the active site competing with the substrate.

5. Which of the following statements are CORRECT about enzymes?

I.
II.
III.
Enzymes accelerate reactions by lowering the activation energy.
--
Enzymes are proteins whose three-dimensional form is key to their function.
Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction.

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
O
D. I, II and III

6. The graph below shows the activation energy of a catalysed and uncatalyzed reaction.

Which part shows the activation energy of uncatalyzed reaction?

7. Which of the following is INCORRECT for the lock-and-key model?

A. It is used to describe the binding process.
B. The active site of the enzyme is complementary to the substrate.
C. It demonstrates enzyme-substrate complex.

&
D. The binding of the substrate produces a conformational change in enzyme.

8. Which of the following is produced with the combination of apoenzyme and coenzyme?
A. Holoenzyme
B. Enzyme substrate complex
C. Prosthetic group
D. Cofactors

Prepared by:
Adam CYS
Lecturer
Biology 1 Tutorial
Topic 2 Enzymes

9. Which of the following statements about the effect of inhibitors on enzymes are
CORRECT?
I. It reduces the rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction.~
II. It alters the shape of the active site. ~
III. It denatures the enzyme.

A. I only
O
B. I and II
C. I and III
D. II and III

10. Which of the following statement is CORRECT of non-competitive inhibitor?

OA. Its mode of action is reversible.
B. It binds directly to enzyme at the active site.
C. Its binding to enzyme by lowers the activation energy.
D. Its inhibitory effect can be reduced by increasing the substrate concentration.

Prepared by:
Adam CYS
Lecturer
Biology 1 Tutorial
Topic 2 Enzymes

Section B: Short Answer Questions (SAQs) – 25 marks

1. The diagram 1 below shows a chemical reaction.

Diagram 1
a. Based on the Diagram 1, briefly explain the effects of biocatalysts on X and Y.
Onx it's evident that there isn't
enzyme
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
any
as the activation

toy
is much
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
energy higher compared
Y is to boost the
using help
an
enzyme
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
.

rate of reaction that's activation is lower

.
why
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
energy [2 marks]
2. The diagram 2 shows a reaction catalysed by an enzyme.

Diagram 2

a. Label part B, C and D.

B-substrate
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
C-activation site
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
& product
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
-

[3 marks]
b. State THREE (3) properties of part labelled A.
helps increase the rate of reaction
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
·

enzymes can work best at optimum temp/pH

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
engres
·
are revesible

[3 marks]

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Adam CYS
Lecturer
Biology 1 Tutorial
Topic 2 Enzymes

c. State the model of enzyme mechanism.

Induced fit model
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
-

[1 mark]
d. Enzymes are widely used in various industries.
State ONE (1) enzyme and its application in food industry.
Amylase they hydrolyse starch which is a large moleule into
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
sugar a smaller moleule
[1 mark]
e. What would happen to the active site when enzyme is denatured?
bonds
holding the enzymes are disrupted as well as the
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
·

structure of the
enyme substrate loses it's shape and no longer functions
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
,

significantly reduces the ability to bind to

which
………………………………………………………………………………………………… it's substrate

[1 mark]
f. Enzymes can be reused. Explain why?
not
part of the product-
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
enzymes are
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

3. Enzymes are biological molecules and so can be affected by altered external factors.

Reaction A Reaction B

The two graphs above show how enzyme activity is altered by external factors.
a. Identify which factor(s) is affecting the enzyme activity for Reaction A and B.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]
b. Briefly explain how factors stated in (a) can affect the enzyme activity of reaction A
and B?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[4 marks]

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Adam CYS
Lecturer
Biology 1 Tutorial
Topic 2 Enzymes

c. Enzymes can be used in various industries.

Briefly explain how enzymes present in washing powder can effectively help to clean
up the stains.
they hydrolyse proteins into amino acids that's how the stain goes away
………………………………………………………………………………………………… , .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

4. The diagram below shows a type of enzyme inhibition.

a. Name the type of inhibition as shown in the diagram.

competitive
inhibition
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]
b. Justify your answer in (a).
it fits into the active sites of
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
enzymes , occupying
the active sites and does not
temporarily
………………………………………………………………………………………………… affect
enzyme permanently.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]
5. Do you think human can lives without enzymes? Explain.

testing
structure and is responsible in
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
No as of our
enymes part making
are

antibodies to
fig
ht of illness so without them on body will be too week
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
~

any
to
fight
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

END OF TUTORIAL QUESTIONS

Prepared by:
Adam CYS
Lecturer