FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK

PRACTICE
 OUTLINE:

1. Child Welfare d. Older Persons

2. Family Welfare
3. Health
4. Corrections
5. Schools
6. Special Groups
a. Drug Dependents
b. Socially Disadvantaged
Women
c. Released Prisoners and
Former patients of Psychiatric
Institutions
e. Persons with Disabilities
7. Community Welfare
8. Cultural Communities
9. Industry and Labor
10. Education and Training
11. International Social Welfare
12. Social Planning
 CHILD WELFARE

• Concerned with the well being of the children and youth through
provision of programs and services for their holistic development.
• Focus on strengthening the relationship between parents and
child, the role of the family, and the responsibility of the
community in the child’s development.
 TYPES OF WELFARE SERVICES

1. Direct service
a. assistance to children in their own homes
b. child placement through residential care in an institution
(foster care or adoption)
2. Indirect service
a. financing on a national or international level
b. coordination to facilitate linkages and avoid duplication
among agencies with similar or related services.
 ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

1. Doing admission interviews

2. Following through recommendations given by the
legal mandate
3. Actually conducting individual counseling or
group sessions
4. Interpreting child’s need and problems
5. Preparing the child for discharge/placement
6. Recommending discharge of the client or closure
of case court
 CHILD PLACEMENT

a. Adoption – a legal process whereby a child

who is deprived of a birth family is
provided of a birth family is provided with
substitute new ties
b. Legal guardianship – a process undertaken
to provide substitute parental care
 CHILD PLACEMENT

c. Foster Care – a substitute temporary

parental care provided to a child by a licensed
foster family supervised by a social worker.
d. Residential institution – provides
temporary 24-hour residential group ca re to
children whose needs cannot, at the tome,
adequately met by their family.
 FAMILY WELFARE

• Refers to the field in SW concerned with the

improvement, strengthening and support of the
family in meeting its own needs.

• 1. Parent Effectiveness
• 2. Marriage Strengthening
• 3. Establishment of Community Support Program
 FAMILY WELFARE

• 4. Strengthening of Family Values and Preservation

of Cultural Heritage
• 5. Family and Environment Service
• 6. Livelihood Programs
• 7. Fertility and Family Planning
 HEALTH

Concerned with the interplay of economic, social, and psychological

forces in the medical care. The worker develops ways and means to
solve problems that usually go with the illness and treatment.
• Concentrated in hospitals
• E.O. 578 and R.A. 747
• DOH-Bureau of Hospital1Circular Order of 146 (1955)
 FUNCTIONS OF MEDICAL SOCIAL
SERVICE UNIT

a. Facilitate better acceptance of and more

favorable reaction to medical treatment
b. Better understanding on the part of the medical
personnel
c. Health education of the patient and their families
d. Utilization of community services
e. Helping patient and his family to deal with
psychosocial components of physical illness
 ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

a. Eligibility study
b. Interpretation to patient and his family of hospital
polices and regulations
c. Data Gathering on patient’s personal and social
situation
d. Help patient to use of appropriate forms
e. Mobilizing hospital as well as community
resources
f. Performing coordination and liaison activities
 EMERGING FIELDS IN HEALTH

• Population and Family Planning

1. Formulation of Policies
2. Administration and Management
3. Supervision
• Mental Health
1. Social Work Practice in a Psychiatric Unit
2. Social Work Practice in a Mental health agency
3. Social Work Practice in agencies and institution
 CORRECTIONS

• Refers to the degraded supervised status for a

specific period of time
• Administration of penalty in such a way that the
offender is corrected i.e. his behavior is kept
within acceptable limits at the same time his
general life adjustment is modified
 PAROLE AND PROBATION

Correctional agency should view as “re-socialization”

a. Provided individual relationships
b. Membership in groups
c. Access to the normal opportunity
d. Remedial services appropriate for dealing with his
individual problem
e. Correction of those conditions in his personal
community that reinforce his tendency to commit
offenses.
 LEGISLATIONS

• P.D. 968 – Probation Law of 1976 (Establishment

of Probation Administration)
• R.A. 8369- The Family Courts Act (Establishing
family courts in every province and city in the
country giving jurisdiction over child and family
cases
 FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORK IN
JUVENILE PROBATION WORK

a. Preparation of social case studies to facilitate legal decision-making

b. Provision of counseling and other necessary services to the youth and
his family
c. Referral and mobilization of community resources on behalf of the
youth and/or his family
d. Coordinating with other groups/agencies which are engaged in
activites relating to or affecting probationers
e. Preparing reports/recommendations on the probationers which will
be the basis for decision-making by the courts
 SCHOOLS

School social work exist primarily to provide a helping

service to those students whose problems in school
stem from social and emotional causes which
interfere with their adjustment and potential
academic performance.
Services:
a. Restoration of impaired adjustment
b. Provision of resources by mobilizing resources
c. Prevention of maladjustment
 ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

1. Activities which focus on particular children

2. Activities which focus on children in general

• Zaragoza Elementary School in Tondo (Rosauro

Almario Elementary School) on January, 1924
 SPECIAL GROUPS

1. Drug Dependents
Drug Abuse includes all drug-taking. It is the
use of any drug (legal or Illegal) when it is
detrimental to the user's physical, emotional, social,
intellectual, or spiritual well-being. Also called
substance abuse.
Drug dependent are persons, who, as a result
of periodic use of drugs have developed a physical
and/or psychological need for dependence on these
drugs to the extent of their denial produces adverse
effects on themselves.
 AGENCIES INVOLVED

Dangerous Drug Board, the lead agency in development and

implementation of drug abuse prevention and control
programs in the country.
a. Intensified information drive against dangerous drugs
b. Prevention through variety of actions to protect the
communities against dangerous drugs
c. Law enforcement
d. Research and studies to support legislative proposals
e. Establishment of affordable rehabilitation and treatment
center for the victims f dangerous drugs.
 AGENCIES INVOLVED

REHABILITATION CENTERS
1. Drug Abuse Rehabilitation Network
2. Drug Abuse Research Foundation, Inc
3. NBI Treatment and Rehabilitation Center
4. Narcotics Foundation Center
5. Prevent and Rehabilitate Drug Abusers (PREDA)
 SPECIAL GROUPS

2. Socially Disadvantaged Women or “women in especially difficult

circumstances include women who are victims of gender-
based violence, prostituted women, victims of armed-conflict
and militarization, and solo parents.
a. Homelife facilities
b. Medical and psychiatric
c. Dental
d. Psychological
e. Social
f. And spiritual services
 SPECIAL GROUPS

3. Released Prisoners and Former Patients of Psychiatric

Institutions
The objective of the program is to assist the released
prisoner in making an effective adjustment in the community
upon his return there.
1. Doing pre-release assessment if prisoners
2. Providing various necessary social services (including
guidance and help in relation to employment)
3. Mobilization of needed community resources.
 SPECIAL GROUPS

4. Older Persons refer to people between sixty and above, those sixty to
eighty considered as “young old” and those who are eighty and above,
“older old”.
Resolution 46/91 the promulgation of UN Principles for Older
persons, advocating equal rights, privileges, and opportunities for older
persons as productive members of society.
Gerontology, the branch of science dealing with the phenomena
and problems of old age.
 SPECIAL GROUP

5. Persons with Disabilities

those suffering from restrictions of different abilities as a result
of a mental, physical, or sensory impairment, to perform an activity in
the manner or within the range considered normal for the human
being. (WHO)
Rehabilitation is a helping process which aims to restore
handicapped person to the highest possible degree of physical, social,
emotional, vocational and economic well-being.
 COMMUNITY WELFARE

Encompasses a variety of programs and services which have for their main goal
the well-being of entire communities.
• Public Housing
• Relocation and resettlement areas
• Cultural Communities

Community Development, the process by which the efforts of the people

themselves are united with those government to improve the economic, social, and
cultural conditions of the community. (UN)
a. Participation of the people
b. Provision of technical and other services
 AGENCIES INVOLVED IN COMMUNITY
WELFARE WORKS

• Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement

(PRRM) founded in 1952 by Dr.Y.C. James Yen
• Philippine Business for Social Progress- private
enterprises implementing arm for social
development.
 ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN RELOCATION
AND RESETTLEMENT

a. Helping families prepare for relocation

b. Helping families cope an adjust to the changes that go with relocation
c. Involving people in the efforts to develop their conditions
d. Identifying and developing local leaders
e. Promoting/facilitating the coordination of community groups and organizations
f. Provision of certain social services needed by the relocated families
 CULTURAL COMMUNITIES

• The cultural communities are affected by the same realities but far more
greater in degree and intensity because of the prejudice and discrimination
they are subjected to.
• United Nations declared 1993 as the “Year for the World’s Indigenous
Peoples”
• Section 22 of 1987 Constitution provides recognition and promotion of
the rights of the indigenous cultural communities.
• Direct work with cultural community is what is also referred grassroots
practice.
 INDUSTRY AND LABOR

SW is usually engaged in:

a. Efforts to establish or improve social security, health and general welfare of

employees and their families
b. Finding the best-suited worker for employers and the right job for workers
seeking employment
c. The use of social workers to assist employees and their families in personal,
health and financial difficulties
d. Development and maintenance of community welfare services.
 ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

a. Counselling employees
b. Counselling with the families and other forms of
help
c. Engaging in informational and education programs
d. Interpreting worker’s needs and problems to
management/employers
e. Providing referrals to workers and the family
members for needed community-oriented
services
f. Developing employee-oriented training programs
 EDUCATION AND TRAINING

• Involves in the transfer of social work knowledge

and skills. Also called facilitative instructional method
(Bisno)
• E.g. Field Instruction and Field Placement
• DSWD, Philippine National Red Cross, PBSP,
Family Plannin Organiztion of the Philippines and
the Development Academy of the Philippines
 INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL WELFARE

1. The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the

Pacific (ESCAP) – provides technical and professional
assistance along curriculum development and practice
aspects
2. The United Nation’s Children’s Fund (UNICEF) – assist
developing countrues to effectively meet the needs of
children and families
3. The United Nation's High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR) – acts on behalf of the uprooted people. Has two
main function a. protection b. assisstance
 SOCIAL PLANNING

Planning deciding in advance what it to be done in order to achieve

objectives with resources available.
National Planning refers to the formulation of over-all goals and objectives,
and reconciling them with a country’s available resources, laying down broad
strategies and guidelines, setting up priorities, and activating the necessary
machinery for implementation.
Social Planning is the evolvement of plans to meet the welfare
requirements of development. It is the integration of social aims and programs
into the plan with specific reference to human aspect.