Tuesday December 13 2022

· The wavelength of sounds waves are similar to the size of

objects around you, but the wavelengthhs of light waves are
much shorter.

· As a result, you can hear people talking ina room with an open
door even though you can't see them.
Transmission

· Transmision of waves occurs when waves pass through a given

point or meduim (matter).

· Example: Light waves are transmitted through transparent

materials that allows most light that strikes them to pass
through.

· Only a small amount of lights is absorbed when waves are

transmitted. Most of the wave passes through the meduim
(matter).

· Opaque materials allows no light waves to be transmitted

through them.

· Translucent materials transmit some light, but cause it to be

scattered so no clear image is seen.
Absorption

· Absorption of certain frequencies of light occurs when the

 energy is not transferred through, or reflected by the given
meduim.

· Objects or substances that absorb any wavelength of

electromagnetic radaition becomes warmer and convert the
absorbed energy to infrared radiation.
Question 3
The number of wavelengths that passes by each second sthe wave's
Frequency.
Making Sounds Waves

· Vibration transfer energy to nearby air particles, producing

sound waves in air.

· Every sound you hear is caused by something vibrating.For

example, when you talk, tissues in your throat vibrate in
different ways to form sounds.
Sound Waves are Compressional Waves

· Sound waves produced by a vibrating object are

compressional waves.

· A vibrating drum head produces a sound wave.

· The drum head produces a compression each time it moves

upward and a rarefaction each time it maves downward.

· Sound waves can only travel through matter.

· The energy carried by a sound wave is transferred by the

 cllisions between the particles in the material the wave is
traveling in.
The Speed of Sound

· The speed if sound depends on the matter through which it

travels.

· Sound waves faster through solids and liquids

Speed of sound in different materials
Materials Speed
Air (20 decresse) 343
Glass
Steel
Water (25°)
Seawater (25°)
Rubber
Diamond 12000
Iron

· The speed of sound through a material increases as the

temperature of the material increases.

· The effect of temperature greatest in gases

The Loudness of Sound
 · What makes a sound loud or soft?

· The differnce is the amount of energy

· Loud sounds have more energy than soft sounds

Intensity

· The amount of energy that a wave carries past a certain are

each second is the in tensity of the sound.

· This figure shows how the intensity of sound from the cymbals
decreases with distance. Distance affact intensity.

· The intensity of sound waves is realted to the amplitude.

· Sound with a greater amplitude also has a greater intensity.

The Decibel Scale and Loudness

· The intensity of sound waves is measured in units of decibels

(dB).

· The softest sound a person can hear has an intensity of 0 dB.

· Sound with intensities of about 120 dB or higher are painful to

people.

· Loudness is the himan perception of the intensity of sound

waves.

· Each increase of 10 dB in intensity multiplies the energy of the

sound waves ten times.

· Most people perceive this as a doubling of the loudness of the

sound.