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Science
Quarter 4 - Module 1
The Effects of Earthquakes and
Volcanic Eruptions
Science – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4– Module 1: The Effects of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
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Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/Illustrator/Layout Artist/Editors
Melody D. Calingacion
Bernadette E. Puyos
Diana C. Bayer
Veralyn E. Cruz
Richard Allan M. Vinas

Content Evaluator: Annalyn R. Domingo

Language Evaluator: Rodrigo V. Jacinto
Layout Evaluator: Ma. Teresa E. Mendoza
Management Team: Gregorio C. Quinto
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Marinella P. Garcia-Sy
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan

Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan

E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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Science 6
Quarter 4 - Module 1
The Effects of Earthquakes and
Volcanic Eruptions
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end
of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer
keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using
these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided to
our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help
you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module provides varied activities that will help you learn about the effects
of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This will give you insights about the changes
on the earth’s surface once earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. Also, this will
remind you of the beneficial effects of volcanic eruptions.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
• identify the effects of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions;
• describe the changes on the Earth’s surface as a result of earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions; and
• appreciate the changes on the Earth’s surface brought about by earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.

What I Know

Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your chosen answer in the
answer sheet.

1. What do you call the shaking of the Earth’s crust ?

A. earthquake
B. landslide
C. volcanic Eruption
D. tsunami

2. What do you call the activity brought by volcanic eruptions?

A. epicenter
B. tsunami
C. tectonic earthquake
D. volcanic earthquake

3. Which of the following is the beneficial effect of volcanic eruptions?

A. building of landforms
B. evacuation of people
C. fire
D. landslide

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4. Which is the effect of earthquake that originated under the sea?
A. ash fall C. landslide
B. fire D. tsunami
5. Which of the following is not a beneficial effect of volcanic eruptions?
A. improving the fertility of the soil C. new land formed
B. massive lava flow D. pyroclastic materials
6. Which of the following are active volcanoes?
A. Mt. Arayat, Mt. Makiling, Mt. Kanlaon
B. Mt. Arayat, Mt. Taal, Mt. Apo
C. Mt. Pinatubo, Mt. Makiling, Mt. Apo
D. Mt. Taal, Mt. Mayon, Mt. Pinatubo
7. What does PHIVOLCS mean?
A. Philippine Institute of Volcanology
B. Philippine Institute of Volcanologists
C. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
D. Philippine Institute of Volcanologists and Seismologist
8. What should people living near a volcano will do to lessen the harmful effects of an
eruption?
A. evacuate if necessary C. touching live electric wires
B. plant many trees D. watch the spectacular eruption
9. What is a collection of basic items at home that you may need to survive whenever
you need it?
A. earthquake drill
B. emergency kit.
C. emergency plan
D. map
10. Which of the following material is not released by volcanic eruptions?
A. ashes
B. lava
C. water
D. molten Rocks

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 What’s In

The Earth is a vibrant and transforming planet. Factors like wind, water, and fire
brought a tremendous change on the Earth’s surface. Different natural phenomena and
activities like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions modify the landscape unintentionally and
incredibly. As you learned in the previous lesson, the Earth is divided into different layers,
each of which has remarkable characteristics.
Directions: Answer the following questions below precisely and briefly. Write your answer in
your answer sheet.
1. Give the three (3) different layers of the earth.
________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the two (2) solid portions of the earth?
________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the inner portion of the earth?
________________________________________________________________________
4. In which layer of the Earth do earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur frequently?
________________________________________________________________________
5. What do you think will happen if earthquakes and volcanic eruptions continuously hit the
surface of the Earth?
________________________________________________________________________

What’s New

Last January 12, 2020, Taal Volcano in Batangas erupted and spewed
ashes from its main crater across Luzon areas. Places near the volcano showered
with thick ashfall resulting in the suspension of school classes, work, and even
flights because of zero visibility. Fissures and cracks on roads and bridges caused
delays in transportation services. People near the danger zone were forcefully
evacuated to a safer place and advised to wear a facemask to avoid suffocation.

Taal volcano eruptions brought various environmental concerns and issues.

This is evidence of major changes on Earth's surface and has a significant impact
on the lives of people, animals, and other organisms living in and around the area.

That's why it's important to learn how or why certain changes are taking
place and their effect so that we have to do something to prepare for them.

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 If we still remember last December 25, 2020, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake
occurred in Southern Batangas Province. The tremor was also felt across Central
and Southern Luzon, including Metro Manila and Mindoro Island. There have
been no reports of initial damage and casualties because of the earthquake.
However, it could take several hours until authorities can conduct a
comprehensive damage assessment.
The earthquake brought fear to people living near the Taal Volcano because
of the volcano's recent explosion. PHIVOLCS monitored the tremor until such time
that they declared safe.

What is It

Philippines is a part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is situated the 75% of the
active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes in the World and it is located on the Pacific Plate
so that the country is visited by earthquakes every now and then. The usual movement
and trembling of the crust of the Earth is called the earthquake. The shift or movement
of the crustal plates resulting from a tectonic earthquake, while the earthquake caused
by volcanic eruptions is called a volcanic earthquake. Earthquake cannot be predicted
even though we have an advance technology to measure its strength. Volcano is an
opening in the crust of the Earth, where molten rocks, ashes, and gaseous materials
are released during the eruption. There are many active volcanoes in the Philippines,
such as Mt. Mayon, Mt. Pinatubo, and Mt. Taal and inactive volcanoes such as
Mt. Makiling and Mt. Arayat .

Effects of Earthquakes

Earthquakes may destroy properties such as houses, buildings, bridges, dams,

roads, and any weak infrastructures. Loss of life was the saddest effect the earthquake
could have had. Loosens rocks and soil along steep and mountainous areas may also
caused landslides. Earthquakes can also cause fire when electrical power and gas tank
break. When an earthquake originated under the sea, a tsunami may have occur as a
rock slip along a fault. Powerful waves were produced that can spread out across the
ocean and reach the shallow water near the land. Tsunami killed many when people
caught unprepared and destroyed infrastructure, especially in the coastal area.

tsunami

landslide

Figure 1. Effects of Earthquakes

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Effects of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic eruptions can caused damage to human life, properties, plants, animals
and may cause damage to land. But may also bring beneficial effects in nature. Volcanic
eruptions are likely to build land around the vicinity. Pyroclastic materials from volcanic
eruption can improve soil fertility. Imagine how productive agricultural activity is around
the foot of the volcano. Farmers have harvested abundant crops that they have planted
throughout the years.

The changes on the earth surface due to earthquake and volcanic eruptions should
be a reminder to all of us to keep calm, alert and resilient in times of unexpected
situations. Precautionary measures must be observed whenever earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions occur. Regular earthquake drill must be done in order to keep us
aware on what to do before, during, and after these phenomena. Make sure to have an
Emergency Kit, a collection of basic items at home that you may need to survive
whenever you need it. Being prepared means having food, water and other supplies to
last for several days. The results might not be directly evident, but as time goes by, the
effects would become bigger, and thus, more visible .

Figure 2. Volcanic Eruptions

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 What’s More

Independent Activity 1
WORD HUNT
Directions: Find the words that are related to earthquake and volcanic eruptions.
Words can be found diagonally, horizontally, and vertically. Write your
answer in your answer sheet.

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Independent Assessment 1

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is not in your
answer sheet

1. An earthquake cannot be predicted.

2. Volcanic eruptions can make the soil fertile.
3. An earthquake originated under the sea can create big waves.
4. Volcanic eruptions spewed ashes and gases.
5. Volcanic eruptions have no beneficial effects to environment.
6. Landslide, fire, and tsunami are the harmful effects of earthquakes.
7. Precautionary measures should be followed before, during and after an
earthquake.
8. Dock, cover and hold were to be done during volcanic eruptions
9. Different landforms were formed when volcanic eruptions spewed ashes and lava.
10. Regular earthquake drill must be performed.

Independent Activity 2

Directions: Make a photo collage of the different effects of earthquakes and volcanic
eruption to people, infrastructures, plants, and animal.

Animals People

Plants Infrastructures

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Your grade will be based on the following rubrics:

Evaluation 4 3 2 1
Criteria Excellent Very Good Satisfactory Fair

Graphics Several of the One or two of The graphics No graphics

Originality graphics used the graphics are made by made by the
on the collage used on the the student but students are
reflect an collage reflect are based on included.
exceptional student the designs or
degree of creativity in ideas of others.
student their creativity
creativity in in their creation
their creation and/or display.
and/or display

Graphics All graphics are All graphics are All graphics Graphics do
Relevance related to the related to the relate to the not relate to the
topic and make topic and most topic. topic.
it easier to make it easier
understand. to understand .

Attractiveness The collage is The collage is The collage is The collage is

exceptionally attractive in acceptably distractingly
attractive in terms of attractive messy or very
terms of design, layout, though it may poorly
design, layout, and neatness. be a bit messy. designed. It is
and neatness. not attractive.

Independent Assessment 2

Directions: Write EE if the following are Effects of Earthquake and VE if it refers to

the effects of Volcanic Eruptions.
1. New land formed by the erupted materials.
2. Loosen rocks and soil along steep slopes.
3. Fire caused by neglected gas tank.
4. Productive harvest due to the fertility of the soil.
5. Fissures on the roads and bridges.

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Independent Activity 3

Directions: List down safety tips to protect yourself against the harmful effects of
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Put a check mark (/) if the statement tells of safety precautions and cross
mark (x) if its not. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

1. Do a regular earthquake drill.

2. Stay along the shoreline when an earthquake occur.
3. Wear face mask when ashes fall during volcanic eruptions.
4. Take a selfie picture during volcanic eruptions.
5. Stay calm and do not panic.

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 What I Have Learned

What are your realizations as you go through this lesson? Before moving forward,
reflect on the important points that you found helpful and challenging by completing the
sentences.
Jot your Insights
After doing all the activities in this module, I learned that the effects of earthquake
and volcanic eruptions are ____________________________________________
I realized that I need to improve my _____________________________________
For me, the most difficult part of the lesson is _____________________________
I believe that the lesson about earthquake and volcanic eruption is important
because __________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Directions: Make a poster showing the changes brought about by earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.

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Your grade will be based on the following rubrics:

Evaluation 4 3 2 1
Criteria Excellent Very Good Satisfactory Fair

Graphics Several of the One or two of The graphics No graphics

Originality graphics used the graphics are made by made by the
on the poster used on the the student but students are
reflect an poster reflect are based on included.
exceptional student the designs or
degree of creativity in ideas of others.
student their creativity
creativity in in their creation
their creation and/or display.
and/or display

Graphics All graphics are All graphics are All graphics Graphics do
Relevance related to the related to the relate to the not relate to the
topic and make topic and most topic. topic.
it easier to make it easier
understand. to understand .

Attractiveness The poster is The poster is The poster is The poster is

exceptionally attractive in acceptably distractingly
attractive in terms of attractive messy or very
terms of design, layout, though it may poorly
design, layout, and neatness. be a bit messy. designed. It is
and neatness. not attractive.

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. What do you call the sudden movement or vibration of the Earth’s crust?
A. earthquake C. tsunami
B. landslide D. volcanic eruptions
2. It is an earthquake that occurs when two tectonic plates move suddenly against each
other?
A. landslide C. volcanic earthquake
B. tectonic earthquake D. volcanic eruption

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3. Which of the following is an active volcano found in Batangas?
A. Mt. Apo C. Mt. Pinatubo
B. Mt. Mayon D. Mt. Taal
4. When does a tsunami occur?
A. when there is a typhoon
B. when there is volcanic eruptions
C. when an earthquake occurs on land
D. when an earthquake occurs under the sea
5. Which of the following is the effect of earthquake when electric power and gas tank
break?
A. cracks C. landslide
B. fire D. typhoon
6. Which of the following is the effect of earthquake when rocks and soil loosen along
steep slope and mountainous areas?
A. ash fall C. landslide
B. fire D. thunder
7. Which of the following is not an effect of earthquake?
A. fertility of the soil C. landslide
B. fire D. tsunami
8. Which of the following are beneficial effects of volcanic eruptions?
A. cracks and fissures C. new land forms and fertility of the soil
B. landslide and flood D. pollution and high temperature
9. Which of the following is an active volcano?
A. Mt. Arayat C. Mt. Pinatubo
B. Mt. Makiling D, Mt. Vulcan
10. What is the function of PHIVOLCS?
A. monitor the satellites C. monitor the transportation
B. monitor the weather D. monitor earthquake and volcanoes

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 Additional Activities

Assuming that you are from Albay or Taal, how would it be advisable for you to
attract tourists in your place? Make an advertisement on how to attract tourist in your
place. Make a jingle/song describing your place/highlight of Taal volcano.

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Your grade will be based on the following rubrics:

Evaluation 4 3 2 1
Criteria Excellent Very Good Satisfactory Fair
Lyrics The song lyrics The song lyrics The song lyrics The song lyrics
are outstanding. are good. The are some what are not
The words words coherent. The coherent. The
memorable. The memorable. The song lyrics are words not
song lyrics are song lyrics are well received by memorable.
enthusiastically enthusiastically the audience.
received by the received by the
audience. audience.

Creativity The student The student The song The song

composed an composed an composed is not composed is
original song original song but very original, but not very
with a clear there are some there are some original. The
theme. elements that elements that message is not
are not are not conveyed.
excellent. excellent.

Organization The writer The writer The writer lacked The song was
clearly organized lacked one of two of the unorganized
information, the following: following: and difficult to
used mostly clearly clearly organized follow.
correct grammar organized information,
and spelling and information, correct grammar
used legible correct grammar and spelling
handwriting. and spelling usage, and/or
usage, and/or legible
legible handwriting.
handwriting.

Relevance The themes are The theme from The theme from The theme
to the theme clearly explained the composition the composition from the
and relevant is explained but is not clearly composition is
specific details explained and totally not
as evidence that specific evidence explained and
support this that supports this specific
theme are not claim is not pro- evidence that
provided. vided. supports this
claim is not
provided.

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Answer Key
What I Know What ‘s In What ‘s More
1. A Independent Activity 1
2. D
3. A
4. D 1. Crust, mantle, core
5. B 2. Crust, mantle
6. D 3. Core
7. c 4. Crust
8. A 5. Changing landscape of
the Earth’s surface
9. B
10. C
What’s More What’s More What’s More
Independent Assessment 1 Independent Activity 2 Independent Assessment 2
1. T (Answer may vary) 1. VE
2. T 2. EE
3. T 3. EE
4. F 4. VE
5. F 5. EE
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T
10. T
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What’s More What ‘s More What I Have Learned
Independent Activity 3 Independent Assessment 3
(Answer may vary)
(Answer may vary) 1. /
2. x
3. /
4. x
5. /
What I Can Do Assessment Additional Activity
(Answer may vary) 1. A
(Answer may vary)
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. D
Answer Key
 References
A. Books

K to 12 Curriculum Guide in Science

Padpad, Evelyn, C. The New Science Links Worktext in Science and Technology 6. 856
Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St, Manila Philippines. Rex Book Store, Inc. 2017.

B. Electronic Sources

https://commons.deped.gov.ph/K-to-12-MELCS-with-CG-Codes.pdf

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan