Ferehan Abdi Gudu's G+7 Mixed Use Building BP - 170 Million222

Project Proposal for the Development of a G+7
Shopping Mall & Mixed Use Building
The nature of our Mixed Use Building colony includes facilities for Business Units, Residential Apartments,
Recreational area and other Public Service facilities. The project is unique in that it implements the Green building
approach in its design, construction and operation: promoting the use of solar energy; enabling of re-use and
recycling of natural resources as well as creating good indoor/outdoor air quality.
Owner: Farhan Farah Said
Presented to: Somali Regional State

Investment Bureau
April 2024, Jigjiga

Project Proposal for the Development of a G+7 Mixed Use Building Jigjiga, 2024
Contents
0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................... 4
1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................ 5
1.1. RATIONALE .................................................................................. 6
2. THE PROJECT .................................................................................. 7
2.1. THE GREEN BUILDING APPROACH ................................................ 7
2.2. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE OWNER ..................................... 8
2.2. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE .................................................... 9
3. MARKET ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 9
3.1. MARKETING STRATEGY ............................................................. 10
3.2. MORTGAGE FINANCE ................................................................ 11
Table: Payment Method ..................................................................... 12
3.3. CUSTOMER PROFILE ................................................................. 12
4 GENERAL: THE PROJECT AREA ......................................................... 14
4.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................. 14
4.1.1. HOUSING IN JIGJIGA ............................................................. 14
4.1.2. POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH ............................................ 14
4.1.3. POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERN .............................. 15
4.1.4. ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AND LIVELIHOOD ................................ 17
4.1.5. SOCIAL SERVICES .............................................................. 17
4.1.6. EXISTING MARKET OPPORTUNITIES ........................................ 17
5. PRODUCTS AND DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATIONS .............................. 19
5.1. SITE AREA DISTRIBUTION ........................................................ 19
By: Mr. Farhan Farah Said 1|Page

Table: Summary of the plan ............................................................... 19
Table: Building Specifications by area .................................................. 20
Table: Building Specifications by floor .................................................. 20
Table: Site Area Distribution ............................................................... 20
Table: Number of Units ...................................................................... 21
6. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BENEFITS .................................................. 21
6.1. BENEFITS AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES .................................. 21
5.1.2. MICROECONOMIC BENEFITS ................................................ 22
5.1.2.1. EMPLOYMENT .................................................................. 22
6.1.2.2. LOCAL LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT .................................... 23
7. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS .................................................................... 23
7.1. PRODUCTION COST.................................................................. 23
7.2. LAND ACQUISITION & PREPARATION ....................................... 23
Table: Land Acquisition ...................................................................... 24
Table: Land Preparation Works ........................................................... 24
7.3. BUILDING MATERIALS PURCHAS ............................................. 24
Table: Building Materials Purchase ....................................................... 24
7.4. BUILDING MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION ................................. 25
Table: Building Materials Transportation ............................................... 25
7.5. INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS ..................................................... 25
7.6. SITE MACHINERY RENTAL ...................................................... 26
Table: Site Machinery Rental .............................................................. 26
7.7. LABOR COST ........................................................................ 26

Table: Labor Cost .............................................................................. 27
7.8. PRODUCTION COST SUMMARY................................................... 27
Table: Production cost -total ............................................................... 27
7.9. CAPITAL EXPENSES .................................................................... 28
Table: Pre-operating Costs ................................................................. 29
Table: Personnel Plan ....................................................................... 29
7.10. OVERHEADS............................................................................. 30
Table: Selling, General & Administrative (SG&A) Expenses ...................... 30
Table: Construction Timeline and Sales Forecast .................................... 30
7.11. START-UP REQUIREMENTS ......................................................... 31
Table: Start-Up Requirements ............................................................. 31
Table: Sources of finance ................................................................... 32
Table: Loan repayment schedule ......................................................... 32
Table: Profit and Loss Statement ......................................................... 32
Table: Balance Sheet Statement ......................................................... 33
8. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................................................. 34
8.1. PROPOSED BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP ........................... 35
9. FINANCIAL EVALUATION ................................................................ 36
9.1. PROFITABILITY ........................................................................ 36
9.2. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS ............................................................ 36
9.3. PAY BACK PERIOD ................................................................... 37
9.4. INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN AND NET PRESENT VALUE ................. 37

0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This project proposal is prepared with the objective of developing a new G+7
Shopping Mall and Mixed Use Building to be owned and operated by Mr.
Farhan Farah Said, who is originally from Jigjiga City. The project idea is
conceived by this individual in response to the special invitation promoted by
the Government, as part of the new structural plan of City Administration
that focuses on Old City Redevelopment. Generally, the plan for this project
is to construct a G+7 Mixed Use Building on a 6,000 msq land to be situated
at a convenient location of Jigjiga City, as per the new structural plan of the
Administration.
The proposed Building project will have a unique design incorporating a total
of 8 Floors including one underground Floor. Likewise the first three floors
are dedicated for Business operations while the seven upper floors (from 4th
to 7th) shall be used as apartments. Accordingly, the project shall deliver a
total of 277 service rooms ready for public use, from which 90 rooms will be
Business units (each units holding 90 msq area on average) while 187 rooms
will be apartments (each apartment holding 80 msq area on average).
The required initial investment of the project is estimated at ETB

180,000,000, from which ETB 54,000,000 (30%) shall be contributed by the
owners’ equity while the remaining ETB 126,000,000 (70%) is expected to
be financed by Bank loan. It is expected that the project shall create more
than 200 temporary jobs during construction and 43 permanent professional
jobs during its operation.
The project is financially viable with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 72%
and a net present value (NPV) of ETB 471,902,984.91 discounted at 10%.
The investment cost and income statement projection are used to project
the pay-back period, the project will fully recover the initial investment and
working capital within three years.

1. BACKGROUND
The Ethiopian government has adopted conducive investment environment

to attract and increase the role of domestic and foreign investors in the
economy. As the result Ethiopia is now the highest in receiving foreign direct
investment in the Horn of Africa. The same is true for domestic investors.
The number domestic investors who are investing in the country are
increasing from year to year.
Accordingly, the Ethiopian economy has been witnessing a significant

economic expansion which has resulted in a steady annual growth of the
gross domestic product (GDP), thus enabling the reallocation of substantial
budget to all sectors.
Likewise, the real estate industry in Ethiopia has undergone a relative

growth. This growth has been realized mainly in the Capital City where the
population settlements are expanding and where numerous private and
government led infrastructures projects resulted in increase of the demand
for housing units.
In this context, the promoter that has undergone to invest in a mixed use
building project that incorporate compartments of rooms (for Business and
residential units) in order to improve business and family lives with a socially
responsible business approach.
Among a number of investment opportunities which are open for

domestic/foreign investors, real estate development is one of yet untapped
investment area in Jigjiga City. Therefore, by considering the gap of
investment in the sector, the promoter has currently planned to invest in the
Development of a G+7Mixed Use Building for sale or rent to the public.

1.1. RATIONALE
Development of a region and/or any country can be achieved not only by the
effort and investment of Government but also through the collaborative
efforts of both the Government private investors. As such, the role of private
investors is recognized as a corner stone or pillar of development in case of
Ethiopia.
With this notion, the Government has given room to the private investors to
play their role in the country’s economic development by creating and
rendering adequate policies and infrastructure. Thus the major objectives of
the promoter to engage in this project are:
 The currently enabling policy environment that are being pursued by

the Federal Government and the Jigjiga City Administration which is
encouraging private sector to invest their resources in Jigjiga town;
 Competitiveness of the existing financial markets, availability of
private and public banks and by presuming availability of long term
loan at competitive interest rate with comfortable loan condition;
 Believing that the service delivery of different government organs of
the Jigjiga City Administration are timely responding to land demand
required for the project within reasonable time period without creating
technical bureaucracy;
 By taking the opportunity that the growing demands for standard
building services, to construct and sell standard units at reasonable
and competitive prices.
 To make reasonable profit out of the business

2. THE PROJECT
The proposed project intends to construct all-purpose ground plus ten (G+7)
building with compartments of rooms (for Business and residential units) on
a 6,000 meter squared land located at one of the major city corners of
Jigjiga City.
The mission of this project is to deliver properties primarily to middle and

upper class Ethiopian business people and families while maintaining
competitive market prices in order to increase property ownership in the
prime locations of Jigjiga.
The proposed mixed use building will have its own standard design, based
on the structural plan of the City Administration. Likewise, it is intended to
serve for different business activities to satisfy the prevailing shortage of
business premises in the town, which is currently, felt the needs of various
government, non-government and private institutions. Further our luxurious
apartments shall provide comfort for our customers.
The Building will have a total of 8 Floors including one underground Floor.
Likewise, the project shall deliver a total of 277 service rooms ready for
public use, from which 90 rooms will be Business units (each units holding
90 msq area on average) while 187 rooms will be apartments (each
apartment holding 80 msq area on average).
2.1. THE GREEN BUILDING APPROACH

Incorporating the Green building approach the proposed mixed use Building
project shall be designed, constructed, and operated to enhance the well-
being of their occupants and support a healthy community and natural
environment.

In practical terms, the project employs a whole-systems-approach to

building that includes:
 Designing for livable communities
 Using sun and site to the building's advantage for natural heating,
cooling, and day lighting
 Landscaping with native, drought-resistant plants and water-efficient
practices
 Building quality, durable structures
 Reducing and recycling construction and demolition waste
 Insulating well and ventilating appropriately
 Incorporating durable, salvaged, recycled, and sustainably harvested
materials
 Using healthy products and building practices
 Using energy-efficient and water-saving appliances, fixtures and
technologies
When implemented holistically, these strategies serve to preserve our

environment for future generations by conserving natural resources and
protecting air and water quality.
2.2. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE OWNER
Owner Name: Farhan Farah Said

Address: Jigjiga City
Tel (mob): +251-915-732-863
Farhan Farah Said is the owner of the envisaged project. He has got a very
good entrepreneurial skills and long years of experience doing independent
businesses.

He is an energetic, innovative and dynamic businessman with proven track

record, successfully managing highly commercial operations in a fast-paced
business environment.
2.2. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The Project has its own Organizational Structure with the Company
Shareholders at the apex, having different functionally related departments.
Detailed descriptions are found in the following section.
Figure: Organizational Structure
3. MARKET ANALYSIS
Currently, a lot of businesses move from one place to another for several
purposes: need accommodation facilities, food and drink service,
entertainment, etc.
Market center is therefore a critical component in the economic fabric of the

society. However, Jigjiga City being a center for trade and commerce of the

country, shortage of market center that will be used for various business
activities and related purpose is major problem.
Likewise, efforts targeted at solving the housing problem in Jigjiga have

fallen short of the accumulated demand. Shortage is especially acute for the
low income and lower middle income households that account for the bulk of
the city’s population.
Overcrowding and deterioration widely prevail. A substantial percentage of

the city’s core is dilapidated. The city is also not able to provide adequate
services to the extension areas thus discouraging house construction and
contributing to the expansion of slums.
The shortage as well as the condition of residential units in Jigjiga city has
been deteriorating from period to period. The other problem in the city is
the expansion of informally built houses.
Currently a substantial amount of houses are built on informally occupied

plots which are generally poor in their conditions. The main reason for the
proliferation of informal housing in Jigjiga are socio-economic, political,
institutional constraints, high population growth coupled with lack of formal
land supply for housing development and low level of economy or high
unemployment in particular.
One of the solutions for the existing sever housing shortage is to improve
the existing housing stock by encouraging private investors to participate in
real estate/housing development for rental or direct sale.
3.1. MARKETING STRATEGY
We intend to maintain an extensive marketing campaign that will ensure

maximum visibility for the completed units in its targeted market.
By: Mr. Farhan Farah Said 10 | P a g e

At the initial stage, we shall dedicate our time in setting up a quality

management and marketing team that has a strong ability to succeed.
We strive to build sound professional partnerships and look for commitment,

synergy, innovation and growth potential in all partners that will lead to
referrals and business success in the long term.
Liaising with marketing agent branches in the France, Canada, the

USA, the UK, and the UAE where most expatriate Ethiopian live
Hiring a wide local network marketing agents and brokers to prospect
potential customers
Setting up a showroom and Customer Center established at our office
which will be located at a convenient location around Kezira area
Creating a website for internet savvy that will allow future clients to
browse and compare different designs on interactive feature to match
the combinations of designs, and to sign in and to make orders of
available properties.
Launching a national advertising campaign via the use of commercial
signboards, local media, and word of mouth.
3.2. MORTGAGE FINANCE

The target clients should be capable of buying properties for 100%
cash. However, financial institutions and banks are providing long-
term mortgages financing.
We have approached several financial institutions and banks to provide
long-term financing to clients for the acquisition of their residential
unit provided that the clients hold substantial collaterals.
A 10-20 year mortgage financing will be made available to buyers who
can afford to disburse at least a 20% deposit to the bank. This makes

owning our homes more affordable to those who are not able to make
full payment upfront.
Table: Payment Method

Apartment Payment Method Payment (%) Month Completed
Advance 20.00% 0.00
Foundation completed 15.00% 3.00
Third Floor concrete work
10.00% 7.00
completed
Fifth Floor concrete work
10.00% 11.00
completed
Year 1 55.00%
Seventh Floor concrete work

10.00% 15.00
completed
Ninth Floor concrete work
10.00% 20.00
completed
Tenth Floor concrete work
10.00% 25.00
completed
Year 2 30.00%
Doors and Windows installed 5.00% 27.00

Buyer receives 5.00% 32.00
Title deeds ready 5.00%
Year 3 15.00%
Total 100.00%
3.3. CUSTOMER PROFILE
Based on the construction plan, the first three floors of the envisaged mixed
use building will have rooms that cater for:

 Banks,
 Supermarkets
 Office rooms
 Café
 Restaurant and
 Other service rooms
It is expected that within a year time the construction works and

procurement of the necessary materials and equipment will be finalized.
Therefore, after one year of construction, the Rooms will commence
operation. Upon finalization, the project will start operation at its full
capacity. As the promoter has already been in the market and has built a
good will, no time will be required for market penetration and customer
attraction.
As the Company intends to operate among several different investment and

operating units, it is hard to characterize any specific tenant that will occupy
the Company’s properties. However, Management will enact strict tenant
quality and credit review procedures to ensure the Company’s revenues will
not be interrupted by tenant default.
The nature of our mixed use colony is more conducive to:

 Stat up Businesses and first-time homeowners expected to come
mainly from middle to high-income brackets living in Jigjiga and those
living abroad (the diaspora)
 Foreign Businesses opening branches in Ethiopia and visitors (such as
neighboring business people) who may opt to own second or holiday
homes in the resort city.

Therefore, the homebuyers that the Company will be serving can be declined
into these 3 groups in line with the below assumed proportions:
 Local Businesses and residents: 85%
 Diaspora: 10%
 Foreign Businesses and Visitors: 5%
4 GENERAL: THE PROJECT AREA
The project area is located in the Eastern part of the country. It is situated about 505 km
east of the national capital city- Addis Ababa along the main Addis Ababa – Jigjiga
asphalt road. It is particularly located in the North Western part of Jigjiga city within the
industrial zone- demarcated to integrate industrial activities of the area. The existing
holding of the project is obtained from the local administration through lease agreement.
The total land area of the project is about 4,000m2.
4.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
4.1.1. HOUSING IN JIGJIGA
Housing Quality: It is clear that the number of housing unity by any means does not
show the quality of a housing unit, which is the most appropriate measure weather the
existing housing conditions are regarded as socially acceptable or not in terms of
structural qualities as well as rates of occupancy. The structural quality aspect condoles
the construction materials of wall, roof, and floor. In addition, the rates of occupancy
dolala with how many persons live per room. To estimate the quality of the existing
housing units by considering the above variable it is intimated that the structural as well
as the rates of occupancy proportion are hold to be constant.
4.1.2. POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH
It is true that the issue of population is very critical to the overall socio-economic
development as well as environment of any country. In addition there are many different
views concerning the impact of rapid population growth on the extent of poverty that
many third world countries faced. The dominant one is that population is the major, if

not the only, factor behind the under development of many countries. There are others,
however, who argue that other socio-economic, environmental, and political problems
are to be blamed for rather that population size as such. Whatever the argument is, the
population of Jigjiga is increasing at an alarming rate since its date of establishment and
expected to increase in the future, through the rate of population growth declines slightly
from period to period.
Therefore it should be underlined that, leaving alone the arguments on population

issues, the tremendous increase in population size in the town if not accompanied by
efficient and effective utilization of scarce resources, can result in a negative
repercussion effects on the overall socio-economic and environment of the town in
general and the housing development in particular.
Table: Population growth rate of Jigjiga (Urban)
Years 1995-2000 2000-05 2005-10 2010-15 2015-20 2020-25
Growth rate in 4.80 4.30 4.10 3.70 3.40 3.20

%
Source: CSA, 2007
4.1.3. POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERN
Jigjiga is the second largest city in its population size in the country next from Addis
Ababa. According to the projected population size by CSA, the city has a total
population of 700,000 at present. The population in the surrounding rural parts of the
administration is estimated to be 150,000.
Of the entire population of the administration, 49.7 % are female and 50.3 % are male in
sex. The corresponding percentage share of the female and male population of the city
is about and % consecutively. The annual growth rate of the population in the city
exceeds 4.1 %. In migration is significant in its contribution to the population growth of

the city, which according to CSA accounts about 60 % share in the average annual
growth rate of the city’s population.
In 1950’s and 60’s, the flow of migrants to the city was attributed to the increasing
demand for industrial labor. The rate of migration of people to the city was also
moderate and absorbable by the economy and within the carrying capacity of the
available urban infrastructural facilities and services. However, the trend has totally
been changed to a distressful situation starting from mid 70’s up to the late 80’s. The
migration rate to the city during this period has grown in a multifold manner and
recorded to exceed 7 % per annum. The pull factor for migration was totally contraband
activities that overwhelmingly had controlled the entire business activities carried out in
the city. Recently, the city has exhibited faster population growth both through natural
increase and migration.
Regarding the settlement pattern there is high concentration in the inner city. However,
recently there is high influx of people in different expansion directions including Sabina
where the expansion project is located adjacent. There is no well-established residential
area around the project side, as it is located within the relative center of the industrial
zone of the city.
Regarding the social characteristic of the city, Jigjiga serves as resident place for many
national groups having different origins of residence across the country. According to
CSA population census report in 1994, the population of the city is a mixture of
numerous ethnic groups. Of these groups, the Amara, Oromo, Southern nations and
nationalities and Somali constitute the larger composition in their population size.
Despite deferring in cultural set-ups, the people of the city are well-known of peaceful
coexistence. Keeping all its identity (customs, traditions, culture, and multi-lingual
assets) assimilation in the sense that understanding and respecting other’s compatriots
identities are the mysterious source for the development of collaborative/cooperative
culture with social intimacy and mutual assistance among themselves.

4.1.4. ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AND LIVELIHOOD
Jigjiga’s strategic geographic location between Addis Ababa and the port of Djibouti has
accorded it various economic and commercial advantages. It serves as transit and
terminal for import and export of commodities and services. Import export trade thus
characterizes the town’s economic structure.
Micro and small scale enterprises are important in forming the livelihood of more than
55 % of the population in the city. MSEs Development is part of government poverty
and unemployment reduction strategy in urban centers. Hence, government sector and
NGOs commenced financial, technical, institutional and infrastructural supports to MSEs
operators reflected maintained in the five years plan of the administration.
4.1.5. SOCIAL SERVICES

There are 75 schools, 11 colleges (private and government) and one University as far
education sector is concerned. According to Education Bureau of the administration,
Primary school enrollment is almost 100% at present in both sexes. There are four
health centers, one public and three private hospitals, several private clinics and many
drug shops in the city.
4.1.6. EXISTING MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
As observed from the field assessment and information obtained from the concerned
institutions, the project area is accessible to local and international market outlets.
Jigjiga town is the major market place for local market and export outlet to foreign
markets. There is the Ethio-Djibouti railway and Jigjiga to Djibouti asphalt road that
opens good opportunity to export the produce to foreign markets. As the information
obtained from Ethiopian customs and revenue authority, Jigjiga branch office, indicates
the following commodities are exported through Jigjiga in the last one year (July 01,
2010 to June 30, 2011 E.C.)

Table: Exported Commodities through Jigjiga (July 01, 2007 to June 30, 2008 E.C.)
No. Exported Unit Amount Income (USD) Income (Birr)

Commodity
1 Coffee Kg 18,772,562.47 72,293,088.07 1,502,547,044.22
2 Fresh Chat Kg 8,936,056.02 66,669,814.60 1,382,691,703.16
3 Dry Chat Kg 23,651.22 844,731.65 20,209,746.23
4 Fruits Kg 6,599,322.03 1,518,800.39 31,322,076.22
5 Vegetables Kg 36,889,837.92 7,685,960.28 156,980,053.67
6 Live Oxen Number 17,024 10,095,231.44 206,190,430.95
7 Cement Kg 85,769,056.62 8,103,651.16 584,239,568.14
8 Pulses Kg 2,157,172.29 1,884,211.88 38,536,476.28
9 Camels Number 3332.16 2,583,936.35 59,691,164.45
10 Sheep & Number 5225.22 363,790.44 7,433,875.72

Goats
11 Others Kg 1,289,402.74 2,631,551.84 52,793,020.62
Total 174,674,768.09 4,042,635,159.65
Source: Ethiopian customs and revenue authority Jigjiga branch office 2011
As it can be observed from the above table, coffee stands first followed by chat in export
amount and in generating foreign currency. Even though more research and extension
is not carried out for the production and marketing of chat in the country, it holds great
share in export commodity and foreign currency earnings and plays a great role in the
country’s economy. Therefore, it could be considered as one of the potential crops to be

developed by this project provided that adaptation trials are performed for some period
before large scale production.
Generally, the following major agricultural problems are identified in and around the
project area.
5. PRODUCTS AND DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
The Building will have a total of 8 Floors including one underground Floor.
Likewise, the project shall deliver a total of 277 service rooms ready for
public use, from which 90 rooms will be Business units (each units holding
90 msq area on average) while 187 rooms will be apartments (each
apartment holding 80 msq area on average).
5.1. SITE AREA DISTRIBUTION
Table: Summary of the plan

Description Area (m2)
Total area 6,000
Built up area 2,400
Project: G+7Mixed Use Building

Location: Jigjiga City
Area: Major City Corner
Total land area: 6000 msq 2,400msq built up)
Building Size: 7 Floors (one Floor underground)

Table: Building Specifications by area

UNITS SPECIFICATIONS PER UNIT
Designation Plot area (m2) Built up area (m2) No. of floors Built-up Area Total m2
8 ( 7 floors +1
G+7 6,000 2,400 underground) 36,000
Table: Building Specifications by floor

Number of Number of units per Total number of
Designation
floors floor units
Business Units (the 1st
30 90
3 floors) 3
Housing Units (4th to 7
27 187
floors) 7
TOTAL 10 277
Table: Site Area Distribution
Designation Distributed Area m2
Building Space (Plot Area Total) 6,000
Built up space @70% 4,400
Allowance for corridors, stairs & elevators @ 20% of built up

600
area
Rooms spaces/Floor 2,400
No. of Business Units/floor @ 80 sqm each on average 30
No. of apartments/floor @ 90 sqm each on average 27

Table: Number of Units

Designation No. of units Area of housing
unit (m2)
90.00
90
Business Units
Housing Units 187 80.00
277
TOTAL
6. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BENEFITS

The major benefits of the proposed project are mainly the economic and
social benefits that can be acquired at the national, regional and local level.
6.1. BENEFITS AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES
The establishment of this project will have a number of positive impacts both
at national regional and local levels. Some of the major positive impacts
include technological capacity building, economic development and creation
of employment. These potential positive impacts, their origin and
characteristics are presented below.
6.1.1. MACROECONOMIC BENEFITS
The implementation of the project has an array of economic benefits. It

generates employment, promotes skill development and disseminates
technological changes especially by employing the Green Building approach.
The project developer will generate financial benefit in the forms profit that
will be used for saving and family consumption when the project gets
operational.

Enhancement Measures: Executing the proposed project in a manner that

benefits the country at large (example: introduction of high technology
products) is the proposed benefit enhancement measure.
5.1.2. MICROECONOMIC BENEFITS

5.1.2.1. EMPLOYMENT
The direct and indirect employment opportunities to be created for citizens

are other economic benefits of the project beyond those economic outputs
discussed above. The project shall create more than 200 temporary jobs
during construction and 13 permanent professional jobs during operation of
the project, most of whom, shall be employed from local people residing
near by the project area and from Jigjiga town.
Thus, the project will be an opportunity for the town by lightening the brunt
of unemployment in the town to some extent.
Enhancement Measures: Hiring professionals and service providers will be

based on merits and yet on competitive base in order to get quality technical
workers, it will enhance the benefits of project to give especial consideration
for the people residing near by the project site to provide them with job as
priority for those positions not requiring especial skill.
As there will be high demand for daily laborers during construction phase of
the project, it will be twofold advantages to hire laborers from local people.
First, the project promoter will reduce time of searching for laborers and
save his money that is needed for transportation of laborers to project site.
Second, fairly distributing the benefits of the project will enhance project
social acceptability in general.

6.1.2.2. LOCAL LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT

The employment opportunity to be created by the project will have a positive
implication on the improvement of local livelihoods of the community
residing nearby the project site. This local income generation related social
benefit will have long term as well as cumulative benefits.
Enhancement Measures: Utilization of the available labor force in the area

enhances the benefits at local level. Out sourcing commercial activities like
cafeteria services for local competitive service providers maximizes the
social benefit of the project.
7. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
7.1. PRODUCTION COST
The cost estimates is based on detailed concept and schematic drawings.

The preliminary cost estimate is subject to a number of reviews in the
ongoing process. As stated earlier, at the moment, there cannot be
assurance that the construction cost will not change from concepts
development into final detailed designs and working drawings.
The Production cost is the overall direct cost for completing the building. It
takes into account the costs implied by the following processes:
7.2. LAND ACQUISITION & PREPARATION
They include costs of land lease payments and expenses for land leveling
and foundations works. They will be executed by specialized subcontractors.

Table: Land Acquisition

Land Cost Lease Cost Advance Cost
Quantity
Acquisition Allocation Basis, ETB/M2 @10% ETB
G+7 Total 6,000 1650 825,000
Distributed
TOTAL 6,000 825,000
Area m2
Table: Land Preparation Works

Land Preparation Cost Cost Basis Total Cost
Quantity
Works Allocation ETB ETB
Total
G+7 Distributed 6,000 9000 45,000,000
Area m2
TOTAL 6,000 45,000,000
7.3. BUILDING MATERIALS PURCHAS
The principal raw materials required for the construction of the building are
cement, sand, hollow blocks selected material, gravel, bricks, reinforced
structural steels, PVC pipes, timber, gypsum, play wood, corrugated sheet
metal, EGA sheets, nail, window glass, sheet metal, door and window frames
(profiles), paints, galvanized pipe, angle iron, pipes and fitting for kitchen
batch room and toilet, kitchen wares, bath room wares and toilet wares, etc.
Table: Building Materials Purchase

Building Materials Cost Cost Basis Total Cost
Quantity
Purchase Allocation ETB ETB
G+7 Total Built-up 11,215.90 100,000 112,159,000

Area m2
TOTAL 11,215.90 100,000 112,159,000
7.4. BUILDING MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION
It includes the shipping cost of imported equipment, their port charges and
the in-land transportation cost up to the delivery on site of all building
materials, including handling charges (for loading and unloading).
Table: Building Materials Transportation

House Materials Cost Basis Total Cost
Cost Allocation Quantity
Transportation ETB ETB
% of Total Built-up
G+7 25.00% 3,000 27,000,000
Area
TOTAL 3,000 27,000,000
7.5. INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS
Infrastructure works primarily focus on the building of a Recreational area,

and other Public Service facilities that include:
 Roads, sideways and drains

 Electricity supply and distribution
 Water supply, treatment and distribution network
 Telecommunications network
 Green spaces or kids corners, and a
 Sewage treatment plant or alternative disposal system.
Roads or paved ways and sewage treatment infrastructures will be hand

over to qualified subcontractors while all the rest shall be provided by the
relevant government companies.

It must be made sufficient provision of the infrastructure items listed above

to support the housing scheme of the whole site.
Table: Infrastructure Works
Infrastructure Cost Plot Area Per Cost Basis Total Cost

Works Allocation Unit m2 ETB ETB
Total
G+7 Distributed 6,000 15,000 75,000,000
Area m2
TOTAL 6,000 15,000 75,000,000
7.6. SITE MACHINERY RENTAL
A concrete making machine and a crane will be rent during at the final step
of construction. Cement machine is needed for the construction of the party
walls whereas the crane is made necessary to lift up and erect structures.
Table: Site Machinery Rental

Site Machinery Cost Built up area Cost Basis Total Cost
Rental Allocation (m2) ETB ETB
Total
G+7 Distributed 3000 12,000 36,000,000
Area m2
TOTAL 3000 12,000 36,000,000
7.7. LABOR COST
It includes all the costs of the operational workforce maintained by the

promoter on site. Such costs are incurred by:
 the Site Management:

 the Security:
 the Masonry/bricklaying of cinderblock party walls:
 the Storage Management:
 the Mounting & Assembling:
Table: Labor Cost

Cost per Nb. Of Nb. Of Mnths
Labor Cost Item Total ETB
Head ETB Workers / Days
Site Management -
20,000 2 12 480,000
Monthly
Security -Monthly 10000 6 12 720,000
Masonry -Monthly 18000 8 9 1,296,000
Storage -Monthly 20000 4 9 720,000
Mounting &
3000 24 25 1,800,000
Assembling -Daily
TOTAL 25 5,016,000
7.8. PRODUCTION COST SUMMARY
Cost estimates are based on cost structures in comparable projects in the

country. Likewise, in determining the cost of construction, comparable
projects were assessed.
Table: Production cost -total

PRODUCTION COST -TOTAL
Designation Total ETB
Land Acquisition 825,000.00
Land Preparation Works 45,000,000
House Materials Purchase 112,159,000

House Materials Transportation 27,000,000
Infrastructure Works 75,000,000

Site Machinery Rental 36,000,000
Labor 5,016,000
TOTAL 301,000,000
Table: Sales -Unit Prices Determination

Designation No. of units Area of housing Sale Price Total Sales
(pieces) unit (m2) Per m2 ETB
90 80.00 35,000 252,000,000
Business Units
Apartments 187 90.00 45,000 756,000,000

TOTAL 277 1,008,000,000
7.9. CAPITAL EXPENSES
The Company will invest in the following capital expenses:

- The purchase of 3 Vehicles (a minivan for site visitations and 2
vehicles for the staff)
- Office Improvements by the renovation of its Customer Center, and
- The development of an ERP-based Information System including a
dynamic front-end website.
Such fixed assets that have been be assessed as follows:
Table: Capital Expenses
Vehicles 3,812,209
Office Furniture &
1,000,000
equipment

Information System 500,000

TOTAL 5,312,209
Table: Pre-operating Costs

Description Total Cost ETB
Legal 30,000.00
Transport 43,000.00
Office 18,000.00
Advert 90,000.00
Professional Fees 36,000.00
Allowances 51,000.00
Case killer 30,000.00
Website & internet marketing 120,000.00
Fuel 40,000.00
Recruiting & Consulting 60,000.00
Overhead @ 5% 20,900.00
Total Pre-Operating Costs 538,900.00
Table: Personnel Plan

Description Qty Salary monthly Annual
General Manager 1 30,000.00 360,000.00
Finance, Secretary &
Cashier 1 16,000.00 192,000.00
Marketing and Design 1 14,000.00 168,000.00
Engineer 1 24,000.00 288,000.00
ICT Guy 1 15,000.00 180,000.00
Sales 5 11,000.00 660,000.00
Legal 1 12,000.00 144,000.00
General services 1 16,000.00 192,000.00

Business Development 1 24,000.00 288,000.00

Total People 13
Subtotal 2,472,000.00
20% employee benefits 494,400.00
Grand Total 2,966,400.00
7.10. OVERHEADS
Overhead expenses during the first year are mainly affected by the cost of
selling expenses which include lobbying, sales commissions and advertising
expenses. It is assumed that they will represent up to 1% of the sales. The
other major costs are the professional fees entitled to the team of experts in
charge of the project management.
Table: Selling, General & Administrative (SG&A) Expenses

Designation Annual
Selling Expenses @ 1% of Sales 5,544,000.00
Salary 2,966,400.00
Travel & Invitations 72,000.00
Rent, Office 252,000.00
Marketing/Promotion 200,000.00
Fuel 90,000.00
Miscellaneous 5% 456,220.00
TOTAL 9,580,620.00
Table: Construction Timeline and Sales Forecast

Designation Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total
%age completed 55% 30.00% 15.00%
cost of sales 301,862,550.00 164,652,300.00 82,326,150.00 548,841,000.00

Payment received 554,400,000.00 302,400,000.00 151,200,000.00 1,008,000,000.00

Gross Profit 252,537,450 137,747,700 68,873,850 459,159,000
7.11. START-UP REQUIREMENTS
The Promoter is currently seeking seeding funds in order to secure enough

liquidity in support of the following budgeted expenditure. The required
initial investment of the project is estimated at ETB 180,000,000.12, from
which ETB 54,000,000.25 (30%) shall be contributed by the owners’ equity
while the remaining ETB 126,000,000.92 (70%) is expected to be financed
by Bank loan.
Table: Start-Up Requirements

Land Acquisition 825,000.00
Land Preparation Works 45,000,000
House Materials Purchase 112,159,000
House Materials Transportation 27,000,000
Infrastructure Works 75,000,000
Site Machinery Rental 36,000,000
Labor 5,016,000
Subtotal Development Expenses 170,000,000.00
Capital Expenses 5,312,209
Pre-operating Costs 538,900
SG&A Expenses for 3 months 2,395,155
TOTAL FUNDING REQUIREMENTS 180,000,000.00

Table: Sources of finance
No. Description Total Costs Amount % Amount %
Development
1.0 170,000,000.00
464,652,300.00
30% 984,188,700.00 70%
Expenses
2.0 Capital Expenses 5,312,209.17 1,593,662.75 30% 3,718,546.42 70%
Pre-operating
3.0 538,900.00
161,670.00
30% 377,230.00 70%
Costs
SG&A Expenses
4.0 2,395,155.00
718,546.50
30% 1,676,608.50 70%
for 3 months
Grand Total
180,000,000.00.17 54,000,000.25 30% 126,000,000.92 70%
(1+2+3+4)
Table: Loan repayment schedule
Loan Interest Outstanding

Quarter Repayment (11.5%) Balance
0 126,000,000.92
1 129,987,028 44,845,525 109,974,057
2 129,987,028 29,897,017 129,987,028
3 129,987,028 14,948,508 0
Table: Profit and Loss Statement

Description Project Years
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales
554,400,000 302,400,000 151,200,000

costs of sales
301,862,550 164,652,300 82,326,150
Gross Profit
252,537,450 137,747,700 68,873,850
Gross margin(%)
45.55% 45.55% 45.55%
Operational expense
9,580,620 10,538,682 11,592,550
Profit before tax and interest

242,956,830 127,209,018 57,281,300
Depreciation
1,770,559 1,770,559 1,770,559
EBITDA (Earning before tax,

244,727,389 128,979,577 59,051,859
interest and depreciation)
Interest expense
44,845,525 29,897,017 14,948,508
Profit tax (35%)

0 0
Net profit
198,111,305 97,312,001 42,332,792
NPM
36% 32% 28%
Table: Balance Sheet Statement
Description Investment Production Year
ASSETS 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Current Assets
Cash 2,395,155 72,289,991 41,385,524 -44,498,154
Inventory 301,000,000 301,000,000 301,000,000 301,000,000
Total Current Assets 551,236,155 621,130,991 590,226,524 504,342,846
Fixed Asset

Vehicles 1,3,812,209.17 2,541,600 1,270,991 381
Office Furniture &

1,000,000.00 666,700 333,400 100
equipment
Information System 500,000.00 333,350 166,700
Total Fixed Asset 1,5,312,209 3,541,650 1,771,091 481
Total Asset 1,556,548,364 624,672,641 591,997,614 504,343,328
LIABILITIES
Long term liability (Bank

389,961,085 259,974,057 129,987,028 0
Loan)
Sub Total 389,961,085 259,974,057 129,987,028 0
CAPITAL
Owner's Equity 167,126,179 167,126,179 167,126,179 167,126,179
Retained Earnings -538,900 197,572,405 294,884,407 337,217,198
Investor 0 0 0 0
Earnings 198,111,305 97,312,001 42,332,792
Sub Total 166,587,279 364,698,584 462,010,586 504,343,378
Total Liability & Capital 1,556,548,364 624,672,641 591,997,614 504,343,378
Net Worth 166,587,279 364,698,584 462,010,586 504,343,328
8. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
The proposed project has some associated environmental aspects that might cause
adverse impacts. However most of these environmental effects can be reduced to

acceptable levels with implementation of pollution prevention and control techniques,

and integration of restoration and other mitigation measures proposed in this EIA report.
Therefore, it can be concluded that there will be no severe or irreversible adverse

impacts that will prevent the implementation of the proposed Real Estate development
project.
To have minimal and acceptable residual environmental impacts, it is recommended

that a full EIA Study should be conducted on areas surrounding the project site. A close
follow up of the effectiveness of the implemented measures is recommended since a
well-planned monitoring program is critically important. In general, the Consultant
perceived that there are no insurmountable environmental difficulties for the
implementation of the proposed Real Estate development Project.
8.1. PROPOSED BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP

Adequate budgetary provisions will be made by management for execution of
environmental management plans. The details of total capital and recurring costs (per
annum) for environmental pollution control measures are given in following table.
Table: Total Capital and Recurring Cost for EMP

NO ITEM COST
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE PER ANNUM
1. Emission Monitoring equipment 74,800.00
2. Health and Safety measures 22,100.00
Total Capital Expenditure 213,180.00

RECURRING EXPENDITURE PER ANNUM
4. Greenery Expenses 37,400.00

5. Salary of the environment & safety officer 112,200.00
4. Periodic training & awareness program for the employee 37,400.00
6. Environmental monitoring and reporting 18,700.00
205,700.00
Total Recurring Expenditure
418,880.00
Total COST FOR EMP
9. FINANCIAL EVALUATION
9.1. PROFITABILITY
According to the projected income statement, the project will start

generating profit in the first year of operation. Important ratios such as
profit to total sales, net profit to equity (Return on equity) and net profit
plus interest on total investment (return on total investment) show an
increasing trend during the life of the project. Further, the income statement
and other indicators of profitability show that the project is viable.
9.2. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS
The break-even point of the project including cost of finance when it starts
to operate at full capacity (year 3) is estimated by using income statement
projection.
Fixed Cost
BE = = 41 %
Sales – Variable
Cost

9.3. PAY BACK PERIOD
The investment cost and income statement projection are used to project
the pay-back period. The project’s initial investment will be fully recovered
within 3 years.
9.4. INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN AND NET PRESENT VALUE
Based on the cash flow statement, the calculated IRR of the project is 72 %
and the net present value at 10% discount rate is ETB 471,902,984.91.

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Project Proposal for the Development of a G+7

Shopping Mall & Mixed Use Building

Owner: Farhan Farah Said

Presented to: Somali Regional State

April 2024, Jigjiga

0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................... 4

1.1. RATIONALE .................................................................................. 6

2. THE PROJECT .................................................................................. 7

2.1. THE GREEN BUILDING APPROACH ................................................ 7

2.2. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE OWNER ..................................... 8

2.2. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE .................................................... 9

3. MARKET ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 9

3.1. MARKETING STRATEGY ............................................................. 10

3.2. MORTGAGE FINANCE ................................................................ 11

Table: Payment Method ..................................................................... 12

3.3. CUSTOMER PROFILE ................................................................. 12

4 GENERAL: THE PROJECT AREA ......................................................... 14

4.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................. 14

4.1.1. HOUSING IN JIGJIGA ............................................................. 14

4.1.2. POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH ............................................ 14

4.1.3. POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERN .............................. 15

4.1.4. ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AND LIVELIHOOD ................................ 17

4.1.5. SOCIAL SERVICES .............................................................. 17

4.1.6. EXISTING MARKET OPPORTUNITIES ........................................ 17

5. PRODUCTS AND DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATIONS .............................. 19

5.1. SITE AREA DISTRIBUTION ........................................................ 19

By: Mr. Farhan Farah Said 1|Page

Table: Summary of the plan ............................................................... 19

Table: Building Specifications by area .................................................. 20

Table: Building Specifications by floor .................................................. 20

Table: Site Area Distribution ............................................................... 20

Table: Number of Units ...................................................................... 21

6. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BENEFITS .................................................. 21

6.1. BENEFITS AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES .................................. 21

5.1.2. MICROECONOMIC BENEFITS ................................................ 22

5.1.2.1. EMPLOYMENT .................................................................. 22

6.1.2.2. LOCAL LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT .................................... 23

7. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS .................................................................... 23

7.1. PRODUCTION COST.................................................................. 23

7.2. LAND ACQUISITION & PREPARATION ....................................... 23

Table: Land Acquisition ...................................................................... 24

Table: Land Preparation Works ........................................................... 24

7.3. BUILDING MATERIALS PURCHAS ............................................. 24

Table: Building Materials Purchase ....................................................... 24

7.4. BUILDING MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION ................................. 25

Table: Building Materials Transportation ............................................... 25

7.5. INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS ..................................................... 25

7.6. SITE MACHINERY RENTAL ...................................................... 26

Table: Site Machinery Rental .............................................................. 26

7.7. LABOR COST ........................................................................ 26

By: Mr. Farhan Farah Said 2|Page

Table: Labor Cost .............................................................................. 27

7.8. PRODUCTION COST SUMMARY................................................... 27

Table: Production cost -total ............................................................... 27

7.9. CAPITAL EXPENSES .................................................................... 28

Table: Pre-operating Costs ................................................................. 29

Table: Personnel Plan ....................................................................... 29

Table: Selling, General & Administrative (SG&A) Expenses ...................... 30